country study - poland polish programme of motorways constructions - barriers of implementation
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COUNTRY STUDY - POLAND POLISH PROGRAMME OF MOTORWAYS CONSTRUCTIONS - BARRIERS OF IMPLEMENTATION. Prof. Jan Burnewicz , dr Monika Bak University Of Gdansk. Highways: cost and regulation in Europe Workshop in Bergamo, November 26 th - 27 th 2004. STRUCTURE OF THE PAPER. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
COUNTRY STUDY - POLAND POLISH PROGRAMME OF MOTORWAYS CONSTRUCTIONS - BARRIERS OF IMPLEMENTATIONProf. Jan Burnewicz, dr Monika Bak University Of Gdansk
Highways: cost and regulation in EuropeWorkshop in Bergamo, November 26th- 27th
2004
STRUCTURE OF THE PAPER
Polish „network” of motorways – comparison with other European countries;
Brief history of motorways construction in Poland; Practical realisation of the programme from the
beginning of nineties; Significance of motorways in Polish transport and
economic systems; Evolution of financing conceptions; EU funds.
MOTORWAYS DEVELOPMENT IN POLAND
Imbalance between growth rate of road networkand number of vehicles in Poland in the years 1946-2004
YearsAnnual growth
rate of total road network (%)
Annual growth rate of motorway
network (%)
Annual growth rate of number of
vehicles (%)1946-1960 0.81 0.00 18.45
1961-1975 2.12 0.00 8.14
1976-1990 1.61 4.40 5.59
1991-2004 0.82 6.70 4.14
POLISH „NETWORK”- COMPARISON WITH OTHER COUNTRIES
366,4260,3
237,7230,8
218,4202,3
177,8171,9
167,9167,8
161,1143,1142,8
119,9116,0
111,970,068,8
60,254,9
50,344,041,038,3
32,427,9
10,35,0
0,00,00,0
106,3
0,0 50,0 100,0 150,0 200,0 250,0 300,0 350,0 400,0
Cy prus
Luxembourg
Spain
Switzerland
Slovenia
Austria
Denmark
Sweden
Belgium
France
Portugal
Germany
Netherlands
Lithuania
Finland
Italy
Greece
Estonia
UK
Slovakia
Czech Rep.
Hungary
Bulgaria
Norwey
Irland
Turkey
Poland
Romania
Island
Latvia
Malta
Average in Europe
Length of motorways in Europeper 1 million of citizens in 2001
POLAND AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF NEW EU MEMBER STATES
PRIVATE MOTORISATION GROWTHNumber of passenger cars per 1000 citizens
339
335
238
426
235
334
259
229
number of passenger carsper 1000 citizens
430
19902000
UE 15 - 479
POLAND AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF NEW EU MEMBER STATES
EXTENSION OF MOTORWAYSDensity of motorwaysin km per 1000 km2
6.6
21.4
4.8
2.1
6.4
1.3
6.04
density of motorwaysin km per 1000 km2
22
19902001
UE 15 – 16,3
EXTENSION OF MOTORWAYS NETWORK IN POLAND IN THE YEARS 1990-2004 IN KM
199,2 204,0 209,0 215,0 219,0 219,0 219,0
250,5
282,0
319,5
355,0
405,1
463,4
523,0
386,5
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
in k
m
EVOLUTION OF CONCEPTIONS OF MOTORWAYS EXPANSION IN POLAND
Plan of 1946
PLANNED MOTORWAYSdate of a plan - 1972PLANNED MOTORWAYSdate of a plan - 1972
EVOLUTION OF CONCEPTIONS OF MOTORWAYS EXPANSION IN POLAND
PLANNED MOTORWAYSfor the years 2003-2013date of a plan - 2003
Legendexisting motorways
planned motorways
granted concessions planned concessionscities
other roads
PLANNED MOTORWAYSfor the years 2003-2013date of a plan - 2003
Legendexisting motorways
planned motorways
granted concessions planned concessionscities
other roads
PLANNED MOTORWAYSfor the years 2003-2013date of a plan - 2003
Legendexisting motorways
planned motorways
granted concessions planned concessionscities
other roadslmotorways
expressways
PLANNED MOTORWAYS AND EXPRESSWAYSdate of a plan - 1991
lmotorways
expressways
PLANNED MOTORWAYS AND EXPRESSWAYSdate of a plan - 1991
PAID AND FREE MOTORWAYS IN POLAND
No Total length (in km)
Realisation
564
17.5 km – section in operation (in the central
Poland), new investments –
predicted start at 2005
651 under construction,
already completed 150 km
779 under construction,
already completed 350 km
21
already completed 14 km, planned
modernisation of the remaining section
70 modernisation from 2005
50 km
F
F
F
PP
P
P
F
F
F
NOVEMBER 2004, 523 KM
A-1 Gdansk
Transport Company, concession in 1997,
Realisation - no
1995 – Agency of Motorways Constructionand Exploitation advertised for tenders
A-2 Autostrada
Wielkopolska S.A – concession in 1997
Realisation – 150 km,
Tolls – 150 km (3x2.6 EUR)
A-4 (exploitation) Stalexport
Autostrada Małopolska S.A – concession in 1997
Realisation – starting charging
Tolls – 61 km (2.3 EUR)
A1
A2
A4
CONSTRUCTION AND EXPLOITATIONOF MOTORWAYS IN CONCESSION SYSTEM
IMPACTS OF FUTURE MOTORWAYS- short term
Year 2000 2004 2008 2012 Length of motorways under construction (in km) 8.6 162.9 122.8 67.0 Employment (number of persons per year) 1720 32580 24560 13400
COMPARISON OF ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF 150 KM OF A-1, A-2, A-4 MOTORWAYSAND RAIL LINE (in 2010)
Type of the network – effect of investment in 2010
% of goods traffic
% of passenger
traffic
Annual growth of
goods transport
service value in million
PLN
Annual growth of
pass. transport
service value in
million PLN
Total growth of transport service value
in million PLN
Investment expenditures
in million PLN
Ratio of annual growth
of transport service to investment
expenditures Rail 2-lines link, electrified, increase of speed from 70 to 160 km/h
70 30 405 79 484 2 250 0.21
Motorway A-1: 2 x 2 traffic lanes, (instead of national road) Gdansk-Torun
30 70 739 253 992 3 000 0.33
Motorway A2 and A4: 2 x 2 traffic lanes (instead of national road)
30 70 887 304 1 190 3 750 0.32
IMPACT OF MOTORWAYS ON GDP IN REGIONS ADHERENT TO THE MOTORWAYS
km
Population in the area of motorways 2x50 km (thousand
persons)
GDP in the area of motorway 2x50 km in
million PLN
Persons per 1 km of
motorway
GDP in million PLN per 1 km of
motorway
GDP growth 2003-2010 in million PLN
per1 km A-1 565 11187.9 179852.4 19802 318 2.2 A-2 441 7392.8 134484.1 16764 305 2.1 A-4 545 10751.5 169628.0 19728 311 2.2 total 1551 29332.3 483964.5 18912 312 2.2
EVOLUTION OF FINANCING CONCEPTIONS
Until 1993 – traditional budget funds, 1993 – Programme of Motorways Construction, 1994 - Act of paid motorways - state budget 10-15%,
BOT system, 2000 – National Motorways Fund (revenues from vignettes,
loans, emission of bonds, etc.), not operated in practice, 2002 - Replacing toll system by vignette system (for all
users), ABiEA joined to GDDP – forming central GDDKiA, 2003 – stop the vignette project.
NEW LEGAL AND ORGANISATIONAL INITIATIVES (2003-2004)
Act of specific rules of preparation and realisation of investments in the scope of national roads,
Act amending an act of paid motorways of 1994 – replacing National Motorways Fund by National Road Fund – suppied by new fuel charge,
Fuel charge introduced in 2004 - 105 PLN per 1 ton of fuel, estimated revenues in 2004 = 1537 PLN (ca. 319 million EUR),
(in 2003 state budget expenditures for motorways construction – 85 million PLN)
EU FUNDS – SUPPORT FOR MOTORWAYS CONSTRUCTION IN POLAND 2004-2006
Sectoral Operational Programme - Transport
Strategy of Use Cohesion Fund in Transport
Integrated Programme of Regional Development
Increase of transport infrastructure investments up to 1.8% of GDP,until 2008 new 255 km of motorways
FINAL REMARKS
Good potential for new investments: – supply side - economic and social development, satisfactory progress in transformation,- demand side – boom of private motorisation, dynamic increase of road freight carriages,
Weak effects:- organisational barriers,- insufficient financial means,- social and political conflicts.