county of san diego division of emergency medical services ems multivictim motor vehicle crashes in...
DESCRIPTION
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services EMS Background: Multivictim Crashes 7% of crashes 5 or more victims Large demand on resources –Emergency Medical –Hospital –Law Enforcement –Media coordination Incident Command Structure –Triage, crowd control, hazard management Communication –patient destinationsTRANSCRIPT
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Multivictim Motor Vehicle Crashes in San Diego County
Alan M. Smith, MPH; Edward M. Castillo, PhD, MPH; Barbara M. Stepanski, MPH; Leslie Upledger Ray,
MA, MPPA
County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, Division of Emergency Medical Services
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Multivictim – Annex D
• Tour bus rollover in snow• 30 miles from nearest hospital• 39 casualties• 7 Hospitals
– 5 trauma centers• 6 Ambulance Agencies
– 11 units• 3 Law Enforcement Agencies• California OES
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Background: Multivictim Crashes
• 7% of crashes 5 or more victims• Large demand on resources
– Emergency Medical– Hospital– Law Enforcement– Media coordination
• Incident Command Structure– Triage, crowd control, hazard management
• Communication – patient destinations
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
San Diego County EMS Injury Surveillance
• Integrated Injury Surveillance System– Prehospital– Trauma System– Medical Examiner– SWITRS– GIS
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Methods: Data
• Statewide Integrated Traffic Records System (SWITRS)– Maintained by California Highway Patrol– Injury crashes for San Diego County– MVO crashes stratified by number of victims: 1,
2-4, 5-9, 10+– Fiscal year 2000/01
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Methods: Analysis
• Number of victims in crash by:– Location– Time
• Hour, Day of Week, Month– Violation category– Type of collision
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Multivictim Crashes
• During FY 00/01, crashes with 5+ victims accounted for:– 7.3% of crashes– 21% of MVO victims– 15% of MVO injuries– 17% of MVO deaths
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Death Rate Per 1,000 Injuries by Number of Victims
8.8 8.59.5
14.2
02468
10121416
1 Victim 2-4 Victims 5-9 Victims 10 or moreVictims
Number of victims in crash
Dea
ths p
er 1
,000
vic
tims
Source: County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, Division of Emergency Medical Services, SWITRS database, FY 2000/01
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Number of Parties Involved
11%5%
61%68%
53%
13%21%
42%
26%
0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%
1 Victim 2-4 Victims 5 or more Victims
1 Party 2 Parties 3 or more Parties
Source: County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, Division of Emergency Medical Services, SWITRS database, FY 2000/01
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Leading Violation Categories by Number of Victims in Crash
Rank of Violation Category
1 Victim 2-4 Victims 5-9 Victims 10 or More Victims
1Unsafe Speed
1714Unsafe Speed
2087Unsafe Speed
363Unsafe Speed
28
2Improper Turning
922Auto Right-of-Way
1119Auto Right-of-Way
127
Traffic Signals and Signs
6
3Auto Right-of-Way
773Improper Turning
715
Traffic Signals and Signs
85Improper Turning
4
4DUI Alcohol/Drugs
761
Traffic Signals and Signs
710DUI Alcohol/Drugs
84
Unsafe Lane Change
3
5
Traffic Signals and Signs
418DUI Alcohol/Drugs
552Improper Turning
79Auto Right-of-Way
2
6
Following Too Closely
228
Following Too Closely
278
Following Too Closely
37DUI Alcohol/Drugs
2
Source: County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, Division of Emergency Medical Services, SWITRS database, FY 2000/01
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Leading Collision Types by Number of Victims in Crash
Rank of Collision Type 1 Victim 2-4 Victims 5-9 Victims 10 or more Victims
1 Rear-end2041
Rear-end2562
Rear-end451
Rear-end32
2 Hit Object1392
Broadside2029
Broadside234
Broadside10
3 Broadside1302
Hit Object667
Sideswipe75
Sideswipe5
4 Sideswipe467
Sideswipe471
Head-on64
Hit Object3
5 Head-on224
Head-on449
Hit Object48
Head-on2
6 Overturned173
Overturned100
Overturned15
Source: County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, Division of Emergency Medical Services, SWITRS database, FY 2000/01
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Number of Victims by Road Type
Type of Road Number of Victims in Crash Major
Freeways Other State Highways
Other Streets and Roads
Total
1 Victims 29.1% 5.0% 65.8% 5704 2-4 Victims 27.8% 5.3% 66.9% 6351 5 or more 36.1% 6.7% 57.1% 949 Total 29.0% 5.3% 65.7% 13004
Source: County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, Division of Emergency Medical Services, SWITRS database, FY 2000/01
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Crashes by Month and Number of Victims
0100200300400500600700
January
Febru
ary
Marc
hApril
May
June
July
August
Septem
ber
October
Novem
ber
December
1 Victims 2-4 Victims 5 or more victims
Source: County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, Division of Emergency Medical Services, SWITRS database, FY 2000/01
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Multivictim Crashes by Month
020406080
100120
January
Febru
ary
Marc
hApril
May
June
July
August
Septem
ber
October
Novem
ber
December
5 or more victims
Source: County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, Division of Emergency Medical Services, SWITRS database, FY 2000/01
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Crashes by Day of Week
0200400600800
10001200
Mon
day
Tuesday
Wed
nesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturd
ay
Sunday
1 Victims 2-4 Victims 5 or more victims
Source: County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, Division of Emergency Medical Services, SWITRS database, FY 2000/01
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Multivictim Crashes by Day of Week
0
50
100
150
200
250
Mon
day
Tuesday
Wed
nesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturd
ay
Sunday
5 or more victims
Source: County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, Division of Emergency Medical Services, SWITRS database, FY 2000/01
Pacific Ocean
Mexico
Impe
rial C
ount
y
Riverside
POPULATION DENSITYSan Diego County by Subregional Area
Source: County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency,Division of Emergency Medical Services, Medical Examiner Database
1996 - 2001
5 0 5 10 Miles
N
Population Density3.44 - 2004.952004.95 - 4006.464006.46 - 6007.986007.98 - 8009.498009.49 - 10011
Source: County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, Division of Emergency Medical Services, SANDAG Population Estimates, 1999.
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Map – Multi Victim Crashes
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Map – Multivictim by Number of Parties
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Results - Summary
• Multivictim MVO crashes made up – 7% of MVO crashes– 21% of victims– 17% of deaths
• Violation categories: – Unsafe speed overall– Traffic signals/signs higher in multivictim
• Collision types: – Rear end overall– Collision with object lower in multivictim
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Results – Summary
• Time– Peak in summer months, weekends
• Parties– 58% involve one or two victims
• Location– High population density (3+ parties)– Intercounty travel corridors (1-2 parties)
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Conclusions
• Multivictim crashes more often during non-work times (weekends, summer)
• Multi-vehicle crashes in areas with high traffic volume
• Single-vehicle crashes more likely on more open freeway corridors
• Emphasize importance of passenger safety – no more passengers than seat belts
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Conclusions (cont.)
• BIG events uncommon– 1-2 per year with >=20 victims
• Majority 1-2 parties– Emphasize seatbelt use
• Majority not on freeways• Multiparty crashes in urban settings
– Defensive driving
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Limitations
• Only 1 year of data• Limited info on drivers
– Residence– Destination
• Not linked to ambulance data
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Acknowledgements
• The data collection efforts of the police and sheriff departments throughout the County are gratefully acknowledged, as is the cooperation of State staff for providing the SWITRS data to San Diego County.
County of San Diego Division of Emergency Medical Services
EMS
Contact Information
Alan M. SmithCounty of San Diego
Health and Human Services AgencyEmergency Medical Services
6255 Mission Gorge RoadSan Diego, CA 92120 (619) 285-6429 phone
(619) 285-6531 [email protected]