course 7 terminological activity i term record

Terminological activity I: terminological documents–terminological record (models)

The terminology record

There are different types of terminological products (ap. E. Blanchon):

DICTIONARIES: a repertory of lexical units containing semantic, notional, referential, grammatical and/or phonetic information

GLOSSARIES: a repertory defining / explaining old, rare or less well-known terms. A list of terms that pertains to a specific subject field, together with equivalents (but no definitions) in one or more languages. A monolingual list of difficult or specialized terms with their definitions, often placed at the back of a book.

LEXIKONS: a repertory of terms accompanied by their equivalents in one or several languages, which does not necessarily imply their definition


NOMENCLATURES: a repertory of terms deploying well-structured concepts designated and which are formed according to systematic formation rules

THESAURI: language document based on a hierarchic structure of one/ several scientific domains, while the relations between the concepts are represented through symbols.

VOCABULARIES: a repertory of terms belonging to a domain describing the concepts designated by those terms by means of definitions or graphic elements.


Information must be entered on the record in accordance with the rules laid out in a record-completion guide that is applied to the entire database in question.

BASIC PRINCIPLE: "one record per concept and one concept per record"

DEFINITION: The terminological entry is the part of a terminological product which contains the terminological data related to one concept.


TYPES OF TERMINOLOGICAL TRANSACTIONS in data entry:

new records, or records added to the collection

modifications made to improve the existing records

cancellations, or records deleted from the database


The entire set of records clarifies the RELATION CONCEPT – TERM : as many terminology records as there are nodes in the concept system.


Thesaurus relations: Associative relations: a bidirectional

relation between two terms that do not express the same concept but relate to each other. Predefined associative relation: RELATED_TO

Examples: tennis RELATED_TO racket football RELATED_TO goal (sports)


Synonym relations: a bidirectional relation between two terms that have the same or similar meaning and can be used as alternatives for each other. This relation can, for example, be used between a term and its abbreviation. Predefined synonym relation: SYNONYM_OF

Examples: spot SYNONYM_OF stain


Hierarchical relations: a unidirectional relation between two terms, one of which has a broader (more global) meaning than the other. Depending on its direction, the relation can be used to look up either more specialized or more global terms. Predefined hierarchical relations:

LOWER_THAN to model narrowing relations HIGHER_THAN to model broadening relations


Organization of general knowledge in a thesaurus (example – Roget’s Thesaurus)

Class III. Words Relating to Matter Section I. Matter in General 316. Materiality 317. Immateriality 318. World 319. Gravity 320. Levity Section II. Inorganic Matter 1. Solid Matter 321. Density 322. Rarity 323. Hardness 324. Softness 325. Elasticity


SECTION III. QUANTITY 1. Simple Quantity

Quantity (25) Degree (26)

2. Comparative Quantity Equality (27) Inequality (28) Mean (29) Compensation (30)

Quantity by comparison with a standard Greatness (31) Smallness (32)

Quantity by comparison with a similar object Superiority (33) Inferiority (34)


Quantity [25] #25. Quantity. [Absolute quantity.] -- N. quantity, magnitude;

size &c. (dimensions) 192; amplitude, magnitude, mass, amount, sum, quantum, measure, substance, strength, force.

[Science of quantity.] mathematics, mathesis[obs3]. [Logic.] category, general conception, universal predicament. [Definite or finite quantity.] armful, handful, mouthful, spoonful,

capful; stock, batch, lot, dose; yaffle[obs3]. V. quantify, measure, fix, estimate, determine, quantitative,

enumerate. Adj. quantitative, some, any, aught, more or less, a few. Adv. to the tune of, all of, a full, the sum of, fully, exactly,

precisely.


records - the starting points for organizing the information of a terminological search.

Types of search: Systematic Ad hoc

Types of records used in systematic searches: Extraction records Terminology records Correspondence records


Extraction records: contain information on terms identified in the document sources (protocol will set the type of data that should be included)

Terminology records: contain all the relevant information about a term (extracted from extraction records or the reference documentation); presentation is according to pre-established criteria

Correspondence records: used to correlate the designations in several languages for a single concept


DEFINITION (1): The terminology record is a tool for synthesizing and organizing data. The main criteria for preparing a record are the validity, conciseness, timeliness, and complementarity of the data.

DEFINITION (2): The terminology record is a medium for recording, in a structured set of fields, the terminological data for a specialized concept. (The Pavel tutorial)


Consider the following examples:

What type of information is given in the terminological record? Make a list.


Check the term “vehicul cu acoperis” on the IATE European glossary at http://iate.europa.eu/iatediff/SearchByQuery.do

Check the term “trawl” at

http://www.fao.org/fi/glossary/default.asp Check the following term in the IER glossary

SERIA ACQUIS COMUNITAR nr. 12 GLOSAR LAPTE ŞI PRODUSE LACTATE EN acid curd cheese

FR fromage à caillé lavéRO brânză proaspătă de vacisursa: 31980D0272, anexa II

notă: brânză obţinută din lapte, prin acidifiere lacticăla http://www.ier.ro/documente/Glosare/DCT_Glosar_lapte.pdf


Types of Data Categories (8/10): data categories can be characterized as:

1. concept-related 2. term-related 3. technical/administrative Concept-related data categories imply

information on subject field, notation (information on concept system and relations), definition and illustration.


Examples of term-related data categories are term (synonyms, abbreviations, ...), grammatical information (gender, part of speech), project code, client code, company code, text category, register, regional variant, definition, context, etc.

Technical/Administrative data categories constitute for example date of creation or date of modification, author (terminologist / reviser), source, reference, code of reliability, remarks, comments, among others.

[ISO:12620 Data Categories]


Standard terminological records usually contain the following information (ap. M.T. Cabre, 1999:124):

The identification of the term Entry term Source of term Subject area(s) Grammatical category (POS) Definition Source of definition


Context(s) Source of context(s) Cross reference to synonymous terms Concept of the cross reference Other type of cross reference Author of record Date of record Notes/observation Equivalents in other languages (indicating the

language) Source of each equivalent


Ap. Terminology for Translators—an Implementation of ISO 12620 by Robert Bononno, la http://lingchina.hnu.cn/download/document/002101ar.pdf


A record is made up of fields. Each field contains one particular type of data (or data element). A field may contain an entry term, a grammatical parameter, an originator code, etc. In comparative terminology, a record includes at least two language modules, each of which contains the same series of fields corresponding to important data elements.

TERM RECORD model 1

03.02.1997 -18:16:50 Walther 25.01.2000 -18:56:54 Wright 34 Network management alias 97/02/10 -10:29:28 Walther 97/02/10 -10:29:28 Walther noun Main Entry Term shorter form of a long name, such as an email address, a directory, or a command Fahey:7 Actually, all text-type addresses, long or short, are aliases of the IP address which is numerical only. Fahey:7 Aliases in real-time chat are usually referred to as nicknames and handles nicknamenoun Synonym When you start an IRC session, you specify a nickname, up to nine characters, which you can also change at any time. Osborne94: 413 handle noun The nickname you assign yourself when conversing in discussion groups. Falcón: 94 Use only in colloquial situations. alias noun m un nombre corto o apodo que se utiliza para enviar mensajes a aquellas direcciones de uso más frecuente. Carballar94:122 Un alias representa a un grupo de personas, y cada vez que se envía un correo a un alias, se está enviando a todo el grupo de personas que lo forman. Carballar94: 112Unpackaged Data2) Data Categorie

TERM RECORD model 2

TERM RECORD model 3

Presenting information in the term record - errors Common Elementarity Errors (1) Error: en: term = United Nations (UN) Correct: en: term = United Nations term type = full form en: term = UN term type = acronym Combinability enables us to identify individual units of content:

/term/ combines here with /term type/.

Presenting information in the term record - errors Common Elementarity Errors (2) Error: definition = international organization that …

(Merriam Webster, 10th. Edition 2004, p. 256) Correct: definition = international organization that … source = Webster 2005, p. 256 Webster 2005 points to a shared resource

(bibliographical entry) Combinability: Source can be used with a term or

any text or graphics field.

Data Modeling and Data Categories for Terminology Management, Sue Ellen Wright, Kent State University, International Terminology Summer School 2009

Granularity of information in the term record

The terminology record: sampleAn NTRF record may look like this: enTE English term POS noun frTE terme <GEND m> anglais enDEF typical definitions frequently contain cross-references to <RCON another term> CX A context where the English term is found SOURF Source-document-1 CREA 1996-10-24 HHj APPR 1996-11-03 CBE

The terminology record: sample

The terminology record sample Check 1.3.5. Terminology Case Files and

1.3.7. Terminology Records at http://www.btb.gc.ca/btb-pavel.php?page=avnt-frwd&lang=eng&contlang=eng

Check a pair of term records (En, Fr) at http://www.termisti.refer.org/data/phyto/80.htm#FR

How is information organized?

The terminology record sample

TASK 1. Check the type of information (number and type of fields) in glossaries such as WTO online (at http://wtoterm.wto.org/multiterm/), Human Genome glossary (at http://web.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/glossary.shtml#L), FAO Aquaculture at http://www.fao.org/fi/glossary/aquaculture/ and http://www.fao.org/fi/glossary/aquaculture/), Siemens glossary of Industrial Control Terms (athttp://www.industry.usa.siemens.com/automation/us/en/industrial-controls/products/Pages/Glossary.aspx), le Grand Dictionnaire Terminologique (at http://gdt.oqlf.gouv.qc.ca/index.aspx) etc.

The terminology record sample TASK 2. Check the information provided

for the term vin spumant in the IATE term record.

TASK 3. Create your own term record for a term of your choice ( I suggest review vs revision – which makes it TWO records…); detail documentation and sources and explain choice of fields.

course 7 terminological activity i term record

Documents

repertory of terms

specialized terms

global terms

list of terms

wellknown terms

terminology recordinformation

relation concept term

associative relations