cps for product service systems – architecture and ... · • indoor geolocation system using...

Proyecto de investigación estratégica financiado por el Programa Etortek 2014

CPS for Product Service Systems –Architecture and preliminary

application scenarios

Cristina Martínez (TECNALIA)

Virtual Concept International Worskshop

San Sebastian, 26-27 Nov. 2015

C. Toro, I.Barandiaran, C. Martínez, X. Larrucea A. Ayerbe, J. del Ser, I. Calvo, I-Etxeberria, P. González, E. Zulueta, A. Amundarain, A. Berian,H.Solar, M.Illarramendi, L. Etxeberria

1. CPS4PSS Project2. State of the art (CPS, PSS)3. Architecture for product service

systems design 4. Scenarios of application

Overview

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• Paper developed in the framework of the CPS4PSS project (CPSfor Product Service Systems) https://cps4pss.wordpress.com/

• Partially financed by the Basque Government (Etortekprogramme), conglomerates Research Centres and Universitiesin the Basque Country.

• Project Coordinator:

• Scientific Coordinator:

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CPS4PPS project

CPS4PPS project

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Analyze Cyber-Physical Systems as:

a. Enabling technology to improve Product-Service Systems and its influence on Advanced Manufacturing

b. Key enabler for the implementation of the Industrie 4.0 in real world manufacturing companies

CPS4PPS objetives

I. Develop technology related to CPS to introduce intelligencein connected products and achieve greater and better useof data. Three goals:• optimize production processes• generate new smart products• generate new value-added services

II. Implement solutions based on CPS with a focus onstrengthening the aftermarket of the products by offeringservices that will take advantage of the Industrie 4.0philosophy.

III. Provide ground on the industrial application andimplementation of CPS in real world scenarios.

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Within the Industrie 4.0 paradigm, Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) are intended to aid in the integration of information technologies and physical processes

2.a SOA: Cyber-Physical Systems

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SOA: Cyber-Physical Systems

CPS are embedded intelligence systems(HW/SW) that integrate computing with physical processes:

• Collect data from the physical world using sensors, act on physical processes using actuators and provide e-services (Autonomous Computation capacities)

• Evaluate, store information and act proactively or reactively both on the physical world and the digital world (Smart Control for decision making)

• Connected with other CPS, other systems or persons (Communication and coordination with the environment)

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Cyber-Physical Systems

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Rise of the Industrial InternetSource: General Electric

Networking people, objects and systemsSource: Bosch Source innovations

• CPS are considered as the rise of Industrial Internet.• An intersection of Internet of People, Internet of Services

and Internet of Things.

Cyber-Physical Systems

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4th Industrial Revolution underthe German perspective

Source: Industrie 4.0, DFKI

Germany is preparing the 4th Industrial Revolution based on theCyber-physical Production Systems, Internet of Things andthe Internet of Services in real industry (Industrie 4.0 project).

CPS open the door to the development of smart products, which can be enhanced through the services offered and the analysis of the generated data

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2.b SOA: Product Service Systems

Product Service Systems

• Integration of software, smartizationand servitization. Combination ofproducts and services that extendstraditional functionality of a product byincorporating additional intangibleservices, usually related with thefunctional utility of the product.

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software

smart service

• Very attractive for manufacturing firms: through smartizationand servitizing, manufacturers can learn about the way usersand companies are using their products. A valuable input thatcan be used for the re-design of their products or for thegeneration of variations to the products.

• CPS will drive the creation of Product-Service Systems, changing value chainsand ways of production in Industrialenvironments.

• Integration in 3 dimensions

CPS as an enabler of Product Service Systems

CPS posibilities

lighting meter

lock Machine tool

lift vehiclesoftware

smart e‐service


• Product Service Systems can be implemented in differentproductos: locks, smart meters, smart lights, lifts, vehicles,machine tools and in any product that one can imagine.

• Generate number of possibilities in multiple sectors likemanufacturing, automotive, health, building, energy, and so on,because products will be designed and manufacturer in anintelligent way.

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Automotive sectorSource: U.S. Department of Transportation

Smart gridsSource: Electric Power Research Institute


CPS is recognized as a KET in Horizon 2020 by the European Commission, leading towards an emergence of new business models and the opening of new markets

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2.c SOA: CPS as KET

CPS as Key Enabling Technology

• Industrial, professional and consumer markets• Advanced manufacturing (machines, smart products and

services), Energy (smart-grids) and Bioscience (intelligent medicaltechnology)

• CPS as driver of innovation that can lead towards theemergence of new production mechanisms, smarter productsand improvements in quality and efficiency of production.

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Evolution and Revolution –Cyber-Physical Systems

Source: EuropeanCommission DG CONNECT

CPS as Key Enabling Technology

• For manufacturing firms, the PSS concept is very attractive asthey can increase revenues when they provide theseservices in combination with their associated products.

• The product can generate cash during the sales process, asproduct, and throughout its lifetime in the user side, as serviceplatform.

• CPSs can have a highly disruptive effect on market structures.They will fundamentally change classic industries businessmodels and the competitive field of play, as new servicesuppliers penetrate the market.

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Architecture for Product Service Systems development based on CPS

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3. ARQUITECTURE

CPS4PSS Architecture for Product Service Systems

Challenges in the design of robust and reliable CPS:• Systems Engineering: new methods and tools to simplify

the design, simulation, development, validation andverification.

• Data analytics: algorithms that allow the integration andanalysis of large amounts of information, obtaining patternsthat can help in decision-making and prediction.

• CPS cybersecurity: Fault tolerance against internal andexternal threats.

• Robustness and resilience: creating dependencies inprocesses generates multiplication of points of error andexponential growth of process complexity.

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Goals:• Develop new tools, libraries and methodologies to reduce the

costs related to CPS development.

• Multi-purpose and multi-device environment that gathersinformation from different kinds of sensors and humaninterfaces (e.g. smartphone applications), and presents it foranalysis and decision making.

Solution:• Semantic publish/subscribe middleware platform that

provides a communications infrastructure for smartapplications which consume services provided by theenvironment (nodes), creating smart spaces.

• User authentication and permission mechanisms enablesthe definition of lower grain permissions, preventing usersfrom accessing sensible data in the smart space.

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• Publish/Subscribe model: when a new device enters asmart space subscribes to the data that is relevant for thedevice, this is much simpler than locating all the servicesprovided by all the devices in the area and selecting the onesthat are useful for it.

• Semantic Middleware: a semantic model is used to markeach of the message types shared in a smart space. Thesemantic model is basically an ontology which defines thedifferent message kinds, establishes semantic relationsbetween them and ensures application level compatibility.

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Server architecture


• Knowledge Processors (KP) are the end points of the smartapplications. They implement the logic of the applications andproduce/consume data in the smart space to fulfill their tasks.

• Open API and middleware services, based on existingcommunication standards (TCP, Zigbee, Bluetooth).

• Set of design and development support tools that drasticallyreduces the development time of smart applications (librariesfor Java, C++ y Android).

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Client architecture


Three preliminary application scenarios, two related with consumer goods and one in the machine tool domain

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4. APPLICATION SCENARIOS

Application Scenario I: Machine Tool (IK4)

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Machine Tool scenario

Challenges of introducing CPS in the production plants• Lack of standardization and access to equipment, normally

equipped with closed and proprietary protocols.• Enable interoperability between the plant entities, mainly

oriented to the presentation of services (data filtering, simulation,analysis, interaction & visualization).

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Solution• CPS scenario supporting

the OPC-UA or MtConnectcommunication protocols.

• Two types of data services:– Real-time data– Historical data


Real time monitoring service• Wireless sensor network nodes with processing capacity

adapted to the most common monitoring needs in machine tooldomain (acceleration, strain and temperature).

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Autonomous sensors (local decision-making capabilities)

CPSReal-time data

• Communication with sensors• Local analysis (CPS) • Local decision-making (CPS)• Data Visualization • Alarms generation


Historical data analysis services• Enable features that allow external agents to know and perform

data analysis.• Knowledge of machine production performance, related to

energy efficiency or machine maintenance processes.

CPPS

Cloud

• Visualization/interaction• OEE /KPIs• Machine Health• Simulation• Data Discovery• …

Historical data

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Application Scenario II: Smart Locks to control access to protected areas in factory buildings(TECNALIA)

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• Controlling access to an industrial protected area through aSmart Lock (Mifare Classic protocol).

• Workers must identify and interact with the smart space throughbringing a bracelet to a range of 1-5 cm of the lock wishing tointeract, in an easy and intuitive way.

• The Smart Lock will be connected to the middleware in thesame manner as other sensors and actuators of the industrialplant.

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Smart Lock scenario: Goals

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Smart Lock scenario: Components

• Qing bracelet (NFC) is composed of a cryptographic chip that can store up to 1KB data and an identity token that is encrypted using public key technology (PKI).

• Middleware server interacts with the Qing server to check the user identity/profile and provide a go/no-go message that is transmitted to the smart lock (actuator).

• Middleware can also act over other smart space sensors (e.g. lights on)

• Monitoring of real data and historical data

Application Scenario III: Localization of workers in a factory building as a safety measure(TECNALIA)

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• Location of people in an industrial plant for traceability andsafety purposes.

• In/Out control of people accessing confined spaces (out ofBluetooth range)

• Provide a map of the factory plants showing location ofpeople in a certain area of the plant.

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Localization scenario: Objectives

• Indoor geolocation system using wireless technologybeacons that detect people thanks to a miniaturized deviceincluded in the operator's clothes (helmet or bracelet).

• Proximity sensing location, through BTLE beacons(‘BeagleBone Black’ platform, compatible con Debian, Androidand Ubuntu).

• Once detected, beacons inform the central system about theposition of the person and the number of people in a confinedarea.

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Localization scenario: Components

Conclusion

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From Smart Factories to Smart Products and Smart Services based on

Smart data

DFKI, Industrie 4.0

Thank you very much for your attention !

[email protected]

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cps for product service systems – architecture and ... · • indoor geolocation system using...

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