craciun research final anthc report tobacco 021016 · 2016-04-12 · cha!!!...
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ANTHC Tobacco Prevention
February 1, 2016
A M A R K E T R E S E A R C H S T U D Y
CRACIUN RESEARCH
©2016 Craciun Research. All rights reserved. All other trademarks and service marks are the property of their respective owners.
Craciun Research Anchorage. Seattle. San Francisco 206.708.4500 www.craciunresearch.com
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 2
Background & Research Methods ................................................................................................. 3
Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................... 6
Research Findings ......................................................................................................................... 9
A. Smoking and Healthcare Professionals ............................................................................... 9
B. Smoking Thoughts and Opinions ....................................................................................... 12
C. Quit Smoking Advertisement ............................................................................................ 19
D. Smoking Experience .......................................................................................................... 22
E. Smoking and Health Concerns ........................................................................................... 29
F. Demographics .................................................................................................................... 36
Appendix ..................................................................................................................................... 37
A. Survey Instrument ............................................................................................................. 37
B. Other Responses ............................................................................................................... 42
T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 3
BACKGROUND Alaska Tribal Health Consortium (ANTHC) has worked with Craciun Research Group Inc. (Craciun) over the past five years (2012-‐2016 on the Patient Perception study for Alaska Native Medical Center) to conduct its important studies regarding attitudes, opinions and behaviors related to healthcare in Alaska. This new project regarding Tobacco Prevention in the North Slope Borough (NSB) and the Craciun report enclosed is part of the deliverable to meet contract requirements from the original grant proposal submitted to the Office of Minority Health. We are well aware that this phone survey is intended to occur for four years of the grant cycle (through 2019). This information as well as the following was received by Jean Craciun from Dana Diehl, Program Manager, Tobacco Prevention & Control Program (TPCP). And I quote from the grant: Objective 1: Develop 2 culturally-‐relevant community awareness campaigns to increase knowledge and awareness about health effects of smoking by July 31, 2020. Strategy and Practice 1.1. Conduct NSB telephone survey regarding KAB about tobacco, top health concerns, barriers to quitting, and awareness of tobacco use prevention media. There were several meetings to ascertain details about information required for grant requirements. In attendance at these meetings was Dana Diehl, Program Manager and Romy Mohelsky, Epidemiologist, Division of Community Health Services, Alaska Native Epidemiology Center. Craciun researchers were asked to conduct Secondary Research involving various tobacco prevention media campaigns to help determine the survey design. The following directives were received from Dana Diehl: The national CDC Tips from Former Smokers campaign has been running in Alaska for the last two years. The tag line is different for every tobacco-‐related condition the commercial addresses but they always end their messages with the 1-‐800-‐Quit-‐Now number. Here’s their campaign website: http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/campaign/tips/index.html The State of Alaska, Tobacco Prevention Program has also been running some e-‐cigarette and Quit Line media. The most significant ads have been the E-‐cigs, not harmless, not healthy ad: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZIwqmiCV5CI&feature=youtu.be. And the Journey ad: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9wZn3YNMBqg. The State always tags their stuff with the same phone number (1-‐800-‐Quit Now) and the following: “You can quit. We can help.” Craciun researchers were asked to review the BRFSS survey and the various State surveys specifically from the State of Alaska, Tobacco Prevention and Control. Since our company had conducted many similar surveys for numerous private and public agencies and organizations we were well suited to support ANTHC.
R E S E A R C H M E T H O D S
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 4
SURVEY INSTRUMENT The survey instrument was finalized after several drafts, which included reviews and suggested changes by Dana Diehl and Romy Mohelsky and final approval by Jean Craciun, Research Director. The survey instrument was carefully designed to obtain thoughtful answers from respondents while avoiding instrument bias. The pre-‐test sampling began November 24, 2015; data collection began and was interrupted by the holidays as per usual for the 4th quarter of any market research company. Interviews by phone were conducted til all telephone options were exhausted (as predicted by Craciun Research whom had conducted 3 studies in the NSB in the past year) a team of researchers were sent to Barrow Alaska to complete data collection January 22-‐27, 2016. The telephone survey averaged ten minutes in length. THE SAMPLE The random sample of one hundred (n=100) was drawn from Craciun Research database, several revised and updated phone books from NSB. Linguistic support was established and used as needed by Ronald H. Brower, Sr., Inupiaq Language Instructor Alaska Native Language Center. The respondents were screened to ensure they were all either smokers or non-‐smokers, and were Alaska Native/American Indian with primary residence in the North Slope Borough. Survey research is susceptible to human and mechanical errors such as interviewer recording and data handling errors. However, the standardized procedures used by Craciun Research eliminate such errors associated with paper and pencil methods thus keeping the human error potential to a minimum.
DATA ANALYSIS & REPORTING Members of the Craciun Research team, employed The Survey System Software for data collection and analysis.
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 5
Notes to Readers Included in the presentation of each response is a summary or example of any significant findings, followed by relevant tables. All percentages in the narrative are rounded to the nearest whole percentage point. Often times a few respondents fail to answer a question. Unless the percentage that failed to answer is significant, these people are not included in the totals upon which the percentages are based. Percentages in the tables occasionally do not add to exactly 100% because of rounding. Crosstabulations describe data that may be related in some way. In many crosstabulations, categories are combined or omitted because the numbers are too small to be statistically significant. This manipulation may change the totals on which percentages are based but does not affect the relationships between percentages. Crosstabulations may be used to indicate differences (or lack of differences) between subgroups of people. When a lack of difference is being shown, a footnote is appended to the table indicating that the differences are not “statistically significant”.1
1 Statistical significance is determined by using a chi-‐square test with a significance factor of less than .05. The chi square test is used by researchers to determine whether a result may be due to random variation, and is sensitive to sample size, since large random variation may occur in small samples.
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 6
2016 RESEARCH FINDINGS A. SMOKING AND HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS
• In the past 12 months 66% of respondents had an appointment with a doctor, nurse, health aide or other health professional.
• Three-‐quarters of our sample (78%) were asked by a doctor, nurse, health aide or other health professional if they smoked in the last 12 months.
• Fifty-‐eight percent (58%) of the current and never regular smokers, reported that they were advised by a healthcare professional to quit smoking.
B. SMOKING THOUGHTS AND OPINIONS • There is agreement (62%) in NSB that people have a right to smoke if they want to.
• It is not ok with 74% of the NSB residents in our survey if teenagers smoke.
• Sixty-‐six percent agree (52% strongly agree) that they do not like it when people smoke around them.
• Forty-‐one percent (41%) disagree with the statement “everyone smokes at my work” (34% neutral or no opinion).
• Almost half (49%) of NSB residents in our survey believe “more people in the Borough smoke than don’t”!
• “There are not enough Alaskans and Alaska Native Peoples in tobacco ads” 43% agree and 11% disagree, while a solid 46% had no opinion on the matter.
• Seventy-‐four percent (74%) reported that smoking was not allowed in their home.
• Two-‐thirds (66%) of the NSB study participants believe “even today, many people are not aware of the dangers of smoking cigarettes.”
• A full 78% of these residents reported that “there is just too much smoking around kids in our community.”
C. QUIT SMOKING ADVERTISEMENTS • A full 81% of these NSB residents, who were Alaska Native or American Indian, had read,
seen or heard something about quitting smoking in the last 60 days.
• In the North Slope Borough the television (81%) is the medium for hearing about smoking advertisements.
Ad Recall: • Seventy-‐two percent (72%) of respondents had read, seen or heard an advertisement
about the “Alaska Tobacco Quit Line.”
E X E C U T I V E S U M M A R Y
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 7
• Over half (53%) mentioned seeing or hearing the ad “1-‐800-‐QUIT NOW.”
• A quarter (26%) recalled ads about “Real stories from former smokers”.
D. SMOKING EXPERIENCE • Asked what their smoking experience was: 39% current; 11% never a regular smoker;
used to smoke regularly, but quit 22% and never smoked 28%.
• Seventy-‐six percent (76%) of these Alaskan smokers would like to quit!
• Sixty-‐two percent (62%) NSB smoking residents have tried to quit in the last 12 months. And clearly half (50%) are planning to quit in the next year or sooner (28% within the next year).
• The primary reasons that might help someone want to quit are: you believe it is bad for your health (37%); someone close to them died from it (35%); knowing smoking causes cancer (33%). Secondarily, that a doctor, nurse, health aide, health professional said they would provide you with help through medication and counseling (20%).
• For those who reported that they quit, it took between 2-‐5 years (50%) of trying before
succeeding.
• Asked of those who had quit what the reason actually was that helped them: 27% reported it was bad for my health; 19% knew someone who died from smoking; and 31% gave specific details of their life circumstance (please see Other Responses in the Appendix).
E. SMOKING AND HEALTH CONCERNS TOP HEALTH CONCERNS FACING NSB RESIDENTS:
• 40% cancer
• 28% smoking
• 16% suicide
OVERALL HARM TO OUR HEALTH BY SMOKING
• 96% believe smoking is linked to cancer.
• 88% linked to heart disease.
• 95% think it contributes to breathing problems.
• 54% link it to diabetes.
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 8
• 93% believe smoking shortens your life expectancy.
• 80% agree that smoking is linked to high blood pressure.
• Finally, ninety-‐four percent (94%) of these NSB survey respondents who were Alaska Native/American Indian report that “secondhand smoke causes breathing problems in children
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 9
A. SMOKING AND HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS
Question: In the past 12 months have you had an appointment with a doctor, nurse, health
aide or other health professional? CHART A1.1: HEALTH APPOINTMENT
Value Percent Count
Yes 66% 66
No 30% 30
Not sure/don't know/refused 4% 4
Total 100
66%
30%
4%
Yes No Not sure/don't know/refused
R E S E A R C H F I N D I N G S
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 10
Question: During the past 12 months, did any doctor, nurse, health aide or other health
professional ask if you smoked? CHART A2.1: ASKED IF SMOKED
Value Percent Count
Yes 78% 78
No 21% 21
Not Sure/Don't Know/Refused 1% 1
Total 100
78%
21%
1%
Yes No Not Sure/Don't Know/Refused
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 11
Question: In the past 12 months, has a doctor, nurse, health aide or other health professional
advised you to quit smoking? (Asked of people who either “current smokers” or reported that they were “never a regular smoker”.)
CHART A3.1: ADVISED TO QUIT SMOKING
Value Percent Count
Yes 58% 29
No 30% 15
Don't recall/Refused/No answer 12% 6
Total 50
58% 30%
12%
Yes No Don't recall/Refused/No answer
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 12
B. SMOKING THOUGHTS AND OPINIONS
Question: Now I would like to get your opinions about life. Please tell me whether you strongly
agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree with the following statements: [ANSWER CATEGORIES FOR ALL] Strongly agree, Somewhat agree, Neutral/No Opinion, Somewhat disagree, Strongly disagree
[ASK LIST AT RANDOM] People have a right to smoke if they want to. It is ok with me if teenagers smoke. Everyone smokes at my work. More people smoke in the Borough than don’t. There are not enough local people in those tobacco ads. Smoking is allowed in my home. Even today, many people are not aware of the dangers of smoking cigarettes. There is just too much smoking around kids in our community. I do not like people to smoke around me. CHART B1.1: PEOPLE HAVE A RIGHT TO SMOKE IF THEY WANT TO.
3%
12%
23%
31%
31%
Strongly Disagree
Somewhat Disagree
Neutral/No opinion
Somewhat Agree
Somewhat Agree
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 13
CHART B1.2: ITS OK WITH ME IF TEENAGERS SMOKE.
CHART B1.3: I DO NOT LIKE PEOPLE TO SMOKE AROUND ME.
CHART B1.4: EVERYONE SMOKES AT MY WORK.
74%
15%
6%
4%
1%
Strongly Disagree
Somewhat Disagree
Neutral/No Opinion
Somewhat Agree
Strongly Agree
6%
7%
21%
14%
52%
Strongly Disagree
Somewhat Disagree
Neutral/No Opinion
Somewhat Agree
Strongly Agree
13%
28%
34%
21%
4%
Strongly Disagree
Somewhat Disagree
Neutral/No Opinion
Somewhat Agree
Strongly Agree
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 14
CHART B1.5: MORE PEOPLE IN THE BOROUGH SMOKE THAN DON'T.
CHART B1.6: THERE ARE NOT ENOUGH ALASKANS OR ALASKA NATIVE PEOPLE IN THE TOBACCO
ADS.
CHART B1.7: SMOKING IS ALLOWED IN MY HOME.
3%
10%
38%
33%
16%
Strongly Disagree
Somewhat Disagree
Neutral/No Opinion
Somewhat Agree
Strongly Agree
6%
5%
46%
22%
21%
Strongly Disagree
Somewhat Disagree
Neutral/No Opinion
Somewhat Agree
Strongly Agree
64%
10%
7%
11%
8%
Strongly Disagree
Somewhat Disagree
Neutral/No Opinion
Somewhat Agree
Strongly Agree
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 15
CHART B1.8: EVEN TODAY, MANY PEOPLE ARE NOT AWARE OF THE DANGERS OF SMOKING CIGARETTES.
CHART B1.9: THERE IS JUST TOO MUCH SMOKING AROUND THE KIDS IN OUR COMMUNITY.
5%
12%
17%
35%
31%
Strongly Disagree
Somewhat Disagree
Neutral/No Opinion
Somewhat Agree
Strongly Agree
3%
7%
12%
33%
45%
Strongly Disagree
Somewhat Disagree
Neutral/No Opinion
Somewhat Agree
Strongly Agree
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 16
People have a right to smoke if they want to. Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 31% 31 Somewhat Agree 31% 31 Neutral/No opinion 23% 23 Somewhat Disagree 12% 12 Strongly Disagree 3% 3
Total 100 It’s OK with me if teenagers smoke. Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 1% 1 Somewhat Agree 4% 4 Neutral/No Opinion 6% 6 Somewhat Disagree 15% 15 Strongly Disagree 74% 74 Total 100 I do not like people to smoke around me. Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 52% 52 Somewhat Agree 14% 14 Neutral/No Opinion 21% 21 Somewhat Disagree 7% 7 Strongly Disagree 6% 6 Total 100 Everyone smokes at my work. Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 4% 4 Somewhat Agree 21% 21 Neutral/No Opinion 34% 34 Somewhat Disagree 28% 28 Strongly Disagree 13% 13
Total 100
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 17
More people in the Borough smoke than don't! Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 16% 16 Somewhat Agree 33% 33 Neutral/No Opinion 38% 38 Somewhat Disagree 10% 10 Strongly Disagree 3% 3
Total 100 There are not enough Alaskans or Alaska Native people in the tobacco ads. Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 21% 21 Somewhat Agree 22% 22 Neutral/No Opinion 46% 46 Somewhat Disagree 5% 5 Strongly Disagree 6% 6 Total 100 Smoking is allowed in my home. Value Percent Count Strongly Disagree 64% 64 Somewhat Disagree 10% 10 Neutral/No Opinion 7% 7 Somewhat Agree 11% 11 Strongly Agree 8% 8 Total 100 Even today, many people are not aware of the dangers of smoking cigarettes. Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 31% 31 Somewhat Agree 35% 35 Neutral/No Opinion 17% 17 Somewhat Disagree 12% 12 Strongly Disagree 5% 5
Total 100
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 18
There is just too much smoking around the kids in our community.
Value Percent Count
Strongly Agree 45% 45 Somewhat Agree 33% 33 Neutral/No Opinion 12% 12 Somewhat Disagree 7% 7 Strongly Disagree 3% 3 Total 100
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 19
C. QUIT SMOKING ADVERTISEMENT
Question: In the past 60 days, have you read, seen or heard anything about quitting smoking? CHART C1.1: SEEN QUIT SMOKING ADS
81%
15%
4%
Yes No Don't Know/Unsure
Value Percent Count
Yes 81% 81
No 15% 15
Don't Know/Unsure 4% 4
Total 100
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 20
Question: Where did you see or hear about the smoking ad? [CHECK ALL THAT APPLY] CHART C2.1: LOCATIONS OF ADS
Value Percent Count
TV 81.3% 65
Radio 28.8% 23
Newspaper 20.0% 16
Online (website or email) 20.0% 16
Social media, like Facebook, etc 26.3% 21
Other -‐ Write In 15.0% 12
Don't Recall/Unsure 2.5% 2
Total 80
3%
15%
20%
20%
26%
29%
81%
Don't Recall/Unsure
Other
Newspaper
Online (website or email)
Social media, like Facebook, etc
Radio
TV
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 21
Question: Which of the following ads and messages do you recall hearing? CHART C3.1: TYPE OF ADS SEEN
Value Percent Count
Alaska Tobacco Quit Line 71.6% 58
1-‐800-‐QUIT NOW 53.1% 43
“You can quit. We can help.” 18.5% 15
The Truth about Tobacco 17.3% 14
Real stories from former smokers 25.9% 21
Tips from former smokers 7.4% 6
“Keep it Fresh-‐Live Tobacco-‐Free” 3.7% 3
Do not recall specifics/Unsure 6.2% 5
Other -‐ Write In 3.7% 3
Total 81
4%
4%
6%
7%
17%
19%
26%
53%
72%
“Keep it Fresh-‐Live Tobacco-‐Free”
Other
Do not recall specifics/Unsure
Tips from former smokers
The Truth about Tobacco
“You can quit. We can help.”
Real stories from former smokers
1-‐800-‐QUIT NOW
Alaska Tobacco Quit Line
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 22
D. SMOKING EXPERIENCE
Question: Please describe your current cigarette smoking experience. Are you a... CHART D1.1: SMOKING STATUS
Value Percent Count
Current Smoker 39% 39
Used to smoke regularly, but quit 22% 22
Never a regular smoker 11% 11
Never smoked 28% 28
Total 100
39%
22%
11%
28%
Current Smoker Used to smoke regularly, but quit
Never a regular smoker Never smoked
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 23
Question: Would you like to quit smoking? (Smokers and Never a regular smoker) CHART D2.1: QUIT SMOKING
Value Percent Count
Yes 76% 38
No 8% 4
Don't Know/Unsure 16% 8
Total 50
76% 8%
16%
Yes No Don't Know/Not Sure/Refused
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 24
Question: Have you tried to quit smoking in the last 12 months? (Smokers and Never a Regular
Smoker) CHART D3.1: ATTEMPT TO QUIT IN LAST 12 MONTHS
Value Percent Count
Yes 62% 31
No 34% 17
Don't Know/Not Sure/Refused 4% 2
Total 50
62%
34%
4%
Yes No Don't Know/Not Sure/Refused
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 25
Question: Do you plan to quit smoking in the next 30 days, 6 months, within the next year?
(Smokers and Never Regular Smoker) CHART D4.1: PLAN TO QUIT
Value Percent Count
Within the next 30 days 10% 5
Within the next 6 months 12% 6
Within the next year 28% 14
Later than a year 4% 2
Do not smoke now or quit 8% 4
Don't Know/Not Sure/Refused 38% 19
Total 50
38%
8%
4%
28%
12%
10%
Don't Know/Not Sure/Refused
Do not smoke now or quit
Later than a year
Within the next year
Within the next 6 months
Within the next 30 days
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 26
Question: Of the following reasons, please let me know if you think any of them would help you
want to quit. (Smokers and Never a Regular Smoker)[ACCEPT ALL THAT APPLY] Someone you were close to died from it You believed it was bad for your health Someone asked you or told you to You just couldn’t afford it anymore Doctor, nurse, health aide, other health professional said they would provide you with
help through medication and counseling. Knowing smoking causes cancer as well as other health problems Don’t know/not sure/no answer CHART D5.1: REASONS TO QUIT
Value Percent Count
You believed it was bad for your health 36.9% 17
Someone you were close to died from it 34.7% 16
Knowing smoking causes cancer as well as other health problems 32.6% 15
Health professional provide help through medications/counseling. 19.5% 9
You just couldn’t afford it anymore 17.3% 8
Someone asked you or told you to 10.8% 5
Don't Know/Not Sure/Refused 6.5% 3
Other -‐ Write In 0.0% 0
Total 46
7%
11%
17%
20%
33%
35%
37%
Don't Know/Not Sure/Refused
Someone asked you or told you to
You just couldn’t afford it anymore
Health professional provide medicauons and
Knowing smoking causes cancer
Someone you were close to died from it
You believed it was bad for your health
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 27
Question: How long ago did you try to quit before succeeding? CHART D6.1: HOW LONG DID YOU QUIT
Value Percent Count
Within the last month/30 days 3.9% 1
Within the last 2 months/31-‐60 days 0.0% 0
Within the last 3 months/61-‐90 days 0.0% 0
Within the last year/more than 3 months 3.9% 1
A year ago 3.9% 1
2-‐3 years 26.9% 7
4-‐5 years 23.1% 6
6-‐10 years 11.5% 3
11-‐30 years 19.2% 5
Longer 0.0% 0
Don't recall/Not Sure/Refused 7.7% 2
Total 26
8%
19%
12%
23%
27%
4%
4%
4%
Don't recall/Not Sure/Refused
11-‐30 years
6-‐10 years
4-‐5 years
2-‐3 years
A year ago
Within the last year/more than 3 months
Within the last month/30 days
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 28
Question: Which of these reasons helped you quit? [READ LIST. ACCEPT MULTIPLE ANSWERS] Someone you were close to died from it You believed it was bad for your health Someone asked or told you to You couldn’t afford it anymore Doctor, nurse, health aide, or other health professional who provided you with QUIT
medications and/or counseling. I knew smoking caused cancer as well as other health problems Other [SPECIFY] Don’t know/not sure/no answer CHART D7.1: REASON FOR QUITTING
Value Percent Count
Someone you were close to died from it 19.2% 5
You believed it was bad for your health 26.9% 7
Someone asked or told you to 0.0% 0
You couldn’t afford it anymore 3.9% 1
Health professional provided you with medications/ counseling. 7.7% 2
I knew smoking caused cancer as well as other health problems 11.5% 3
Other -‐ Write In 30.8% 8
Don't Know/Not Sure/Refused 0.0% 0
Total 26
4%
8%
12%
19%
27%
31%
You couldn’t afford it anymore
Health professional provided you with QUIT medicauons and/or counseling.
I knew smoking caused cancer as well as other health problems
Someone you were close to died from it
You believed it was bad for your health
Other
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 29
E. SMOKING AND HEALTH CONCERNS
Question: Of the following health concerns facing North Slope borough residents, which ONE is
the biggest problem? CHART E1.1: BIGGEST HEALTH CONCERN
Value Percent Count
Cancer 40% 40
Smoking 28% 28
Suicide 16% 16
Obesity 9% 9
Other -‐ Write In 7% 7
Total 100
40%
28%
16% 9% 7%
Cancer Smoking Suicide Obesity Other
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 30
Question: Finally, I would like to get your opinions about overall harm to our health from
cigarette smoking. Please tell me whether you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree that smoking is linked to the following health issues: [ANSWER CATEGORIES FOR ALL] Strongly agree, Somewhat agree, Neutral/No Opinion, Somewhat disagree, Strongly disagree
[ASK LIST AT RANDOM] Smoking is linked to cancer. Smoking is linked to Heart Disease. Smoking contributes to Breathing Problems. Smoking is linked to Diabetes. Smoking shortens your life expectancy. Smoking is linked to High Blood Pressure. CHART E2.1: SMOKING IS LINKED TO CANCER.
0%
2%
2%
21%
75%
Strongly Disagree
Somewhat Disagree
Neutral/No opinion
Somewhat Agree
Strongly Agree
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 31
CHART E2.2: SMOKING IS LINKED TO HEART DISEASE.
CHART E2.3: SMOKING CONTRIBUTES TO BREATHING PROBLEMS.
CHART E2.4: SMOKING IS LINKED TO DIABETES.
1%
1%
10%
28%
60%
Strongly Disagree
Somewhat Disagree
Neutral/No Opinion
Somewhat Agree
Strongly Agree
2%
2%
10%
14%
81%
Strongly Disagree
Somewhat Disagree
Neutral/No Opinion
Somewhat Agree
Strongly Agree
5%
3%
38%
36%
18%
Strongly Disagree
Somewhat Disagree
Neutral/No Opinion
Somwhat Agree
Strongly Agree
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 32
CHART E2.5: SMOKING SHORTENS YOUR LIFE EXPECTANCY.
CHART E2.6: SMOKING IS LINKED TO HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE.
0%
2%
5%
19%
74%
Strongly Disagree
Somewhat Disagree
Neutral/No opinion
Somewhat Agree
Strongly Agree
0%
2%
18%
36%
44%
Strongly Disagree
Somewhat Disagree
Neutral/No Opinion
Somewhat Agree
Strongly Agree
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 33
Smoking is linked to cancer. Value Percent Count
Strongly Agree 75% 75 Somewhat Agree 21% 21 Neutral/No opinion 2% 2 Somewhat Disagree 2% 2 Strongly Disagree 0% 0 Total 100 Smoking is linked to Heart Disease.
Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 60% 60 Somewhat Agree 28% 28 Neutral/No Opinion 10% 10 Somewhat Disagree 1% 1 Strongly Disagree 1% 1 Total 100 Smoking contributes to Breathing Problems.
Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 81% 81 Somewhat Agree 14% 14 Neutral/No Opinion 1% 1 Somewhat Disagree 2% 2 Strongly Disagree 2% 2 Total 100 Smoking is linked to Diabetes.
Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 18% 18 Somewhat Agree 36% 36 Neutral/No Opinion 38% 38 Somewhat Disagree 3% 3 Strongly Disagree 5% 5 Total 100
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 34
Smoking shortens your life expectancy. Value Percent Count
Strongly Agree 74% 74 Somewhat Agree 19% 19 Neutral/No opinion 5% 5 Somewhat Disagree 2% 2 Strongly Disagree 0% 0 Total 100 Smoking is linked to High Blood Pressure.
Value Percent Count Strongly Agree 44% 44 Somewhat Agree 36% 36 Neutral/No Opinion 18% 18 Somewhat Disagree 2% 2 Strongly Disagree 0% 0 Total 100
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 35
Question: Do you believe that secondhand smoke causes breathing problems in children? CHART E3.1: SECONDHAND SMOKE AND CHILDREN
Value Percent Count
Yes 94% 94
No 2% 2
Don't Know/Not Sure/Refused 4% 4
Total 100
94%
2% 4%
Yes No Don't Know/Not Sure/Refused
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 36
F. DEMOGRAPHICS
TABLE F1.1: DEMOGRAPHICS Percent Count
Gender
Male 50% 50
Female 50% 50
Age
18-‐35 40% 40
36-‐50 26% 26
51-‐65 24% 24
66+ 10% 10
Education
Less than high school or GED 13% 13
Graduated high school 25% 25
Some college or technical school 44% 44
Bachelor's degree 13% 13
Post-‐graduate degree 3% 3
Graduated high school 2% 2
Ethnicity
Inuit, Inupiaq 77% 77
Cupik 0% 0
Yupik, Central Yupik, Siberian Yupik 4% 4
Athabaskan 0% 0
Aleut, Alutiq 0% 0
Tlingit, Haida, Tshimshian, Eyak 0% 0
Other Alaska Native or Mixed Alaskan Native 15% 15
American Indian/Native American 4% 4
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 37
A. SURVEY INSTRUMENT
ANTHC Tobacco Survey FINAL Approved by Jean Craciun, Research Director 11/24/2015
1. Hello my name is ________ and I'm with Craciun Research, an Anchorage company which conducts surveys with the people of Alaska. Your phone number was randomly selected; this interview should take about ten minutes. Your answers will be kept strictly confidential and I can answer any questions you may have once we’re done. Let’s see if you qualify. [IF THEY DO NOT UNDERSTAND ENGLISH CAPTURE NUMBER TO BE CALLED BACK BY LINGUIST]
2. [CODE FOR GENDER, ASKING FOR CLARIFICATION IF NEEDED] 1. Male 2. Female 3. For this survey, we’re only interviewing people who are at least 18 years old – so before we
start, would you please confirm your age by telling me what year you were born _ _ _ _? [MUST BE 18 YEARS OLD]
4. Is your primary residence the North Slope Borough? 1 YES, 2 NO [IF NO, ASK FOR SOMEONE ELSE IN THE HOUSEHOLD]
5. And are you [READ LIST. MUST BE ALASKA NATIVE/AMERICAN INDIAN ANSWER ACCEPT 1-‐8]: 1. Inuit, Inupiaq [IN-‐uh-‐PEE-‐ack] 2. Cupik 3. Yupik, [YOU-‐pick] Central Yupik, Siberian Yupik 4. Athabaskan 5. Aleut, Alutiq [ah-‐LOO-‐tik] 6. Tlingit, Haida, Tshimshian, Eyak 7. Other Alaska Native, Mixed Alaskan Native 8. American Indian/Native American 9. White/Caucasian [THANK, ASK FOR AK NATIVE, TERMINATE] 10. Asian-‐American, Pacific Islander [THANK, ASK FOR AK NATIVE, TERMINATE] 11. Latino/Latina, Hispanic [THANK, ASK FOR AK NATIVE, TERMINATE] 12. Black/African-‐American [THANK, ASK FOR AK NATIVE, TERMINATE] 13. Mixed race or ethnicity (Non-‐Hispanic) [THANK, ASK FOR AK NATIVE, TERMINATE] 14. Refused [THANK, ASK FOR AK NATIVE, TERMINATE]
6. This survey is being conducted on behalf of Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium and the North Slope Borough Health Department it is about health issues and tobacco. To begin with, in the past 12 months have you seen a doctor, nurse, health aide or other health professional to get any kind of care for yourself?
1. Yes
A P P E N D I X
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 38
2. No 3. Not sure/don’t know/refused
7. During the past 12 months, did any doctor, nurse, health aide or other health professional ask if
you smoke? 1. Yes 2. No 3. Not sure/don’t know/refused
8. [CURRENT SMOKER and NEVER REGULAR SMOKER] In the past 12 months, has a doctor, nurse, health aide or other health professional advised you to quit smoking?
1. Yes 2. No 3. Don’t recall/refused/no answer
9. Now I would like to get your opinions about life. Please tell me whether you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree with the following statements:
[ANSWER CATEGORIES FOR ALL] Strongly agree Somewhat agree Neutral, no opinion Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree
[ASK LIST AT RANDOM] 10. People have a right to smoke if they want to. 11. It is ok with me if teenagers smoke 12. Everyone smokes at my work. 13. More people smoke in the Borough than don’t! 14. There are not enough local people in those tobacco ads! 15. Smoking is allowed in my home. 16. Even today, many people are not aware of the dangers of smoking cigarettes. 17. There is just too much smoking around kids in our community. 18. I do not like people to smoke around me.
[END OF RANDOM LIST] 19. Now I would like to know if you think smoking is dangerous to your health?
1. Yes 2. No 3. Maybe 4. Not sure/don’t know/refused
20. In the past 60 days, have you read, seen or heard anything about quitting smoking? 1. Yes 2. No
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 39
3. Don't know/ Unsure 4. Refused
21. [IF YES] Where did you hear about it? [INCLUDE ALL THAT APPLY] 1. TV 2. Radio 3. Newspaper 4. Online (website or email) 5. Social Media, like Facebook etc. 6. Other (specify) 7. Don’t know/no answer/refused
22. And of the following ads and messages which one/ones do you recall hearing? [ROTATE ORDER; YES OR NO FOR EACH]
1. Alaska Tobacco Quit Line 2. 1-‐800-‐QUIT NOW 3. “You can quit. We can help.” 4. The Truth about Tobacco 5. Real stories from former smokers 6. Tips from former smokers 7. “Keep it Fresh-‐Live Tobacco-‐Free” 8. Other specify [INTERVIEWER INSTRUCTION: push for recall] 9. Do not recall specifics/don’t know/no answer/refused
23. Please describe your cigarette smoking experience. [READ LIST] 1. Current smoker [CONTINUE] 2. Used to smoke regularly, but quit [SKIP TO Q22] 3. Never a regular smoker [SKIP TO Q21] 4. Never smoked [SKIP TO 25] 5. No answer/Don’t know/refused
24. Would you like to quit smoking? 1. Yes 2. No 3. Don’t know / Not sure / Refused
25. Have you tried to quit smoking in the last 12 months? 1. Yes 2. No 3. Don’t know/ not sure / refused
26. [CURRENT SMOKERS; NEVER REGULAR] Do you plan to quit smoking in the next 30 days, 6 months, within the next year?
1. Within the next 30 days [SKIP TO Q23] 2. Within the next 6 months [SKIP TO Q23] 3. Within the next year [SKIP TO Q23]
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 40
4. Later than a year [SKIP TO Q23] 5. Do not smoke now/quit [CONTINUE] 6. 5, Don’t know/not sure/refused
27. [IF QUIT; NEVER REGULAR] How long did you try to quit before succeeding? [ACCEPT ONE ANSWER]
1. Within the last month/30 days 2. Within the last 2 months/31-‐60 days 3. Within the last 3 months/61-‐90 days 4. Within the last year/more than 3 months-‐almost a year 5. A year ago 6. 2-‐3 years 7. 4 to 5 years 8. 6 -‐10 years 9. 11 to 30 years ago 10. 31 to 50 years ago 11. Longer 12. Don’t recall/Don’t know/not sure/refused
28. [CURRENT SMOKER] Of the following reasons, please let me know if you think any of them would help you want to quit. [ACCEPT ALL THAT APPLY]
1. Someone you were close to died from it 2. You believed it was bad for your health 3. Someone asked you or told you to 4. You just couldn’t afford it anymore 5. Doctor, nurse, health aide, other health professional said they would provide you with
help through medication and counseling. 6. Knowing smoking causes cancer as well as other health problems 7. Other [SPECIFY] 8. Don’t know/not sure/no answer
29. [IF QUIT] Which of these reasons helped you quit? [READ LIST. ACCEPT MULTIPLE ANSWERS][ROTATE LIST]
1. Someone you were close to died from it 2. You believed it was bad for your health 3. Someone asked or told you to 4. You couldn’t afford it anymore 5. Doctor, nurse, health aide, or other health professional who provided you with QUIT
medications and/or counseling. 6. I knew smoking caused cancer as well as other health problems 7. Other [SPECIFY] 8. Don’t know/not sure/no answer
30. [ASK ALL] What is the ONE biggest health concern facing NSB residents? [ACCEPT ONLY ONE
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 41
ANSWER] [ASK LIST AT RANDOM] 1. Cancer 2. Smoking 3. Suicide 4. Obesity 5. Other specify
31. Finally, I would like to get your opinions about overall harm to our health from cigarette smoking. Please tell me whether you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree that smoking is linked to the following health issues:
[ANSWER CATEGORIES FOR ALL] Strongly agree Somewhat agree Neutral, no opinion Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree
32. Cancer 33. Heart disease 34. Breathing problems 35. Diabetes 36. Shortened life expectancy 37. High blood pressure
[END RANDOM LIST] 38. 33. Do you believe that secondhand smoke causes breathing problems in children?
1. Yes 2. No 3. Don’t know/refused/no answer
39. 34. And finally, for statistical purposes. How many years of formal education have you had the opportunity to complete?
1. Less than high school or GED 2. High School graduate or GED 3. Some college or technical school 4. Four Year degree 5. Post graduate degree
That is all of my questions for today; thank you for your time and consideration. If you would like to discuss the project with our Research Director please call Jean Craciun 907-‐279-‐3982
Craciun Research: A Report for Alaska Tribal Health Consortium 42
B. OTHER RESPONSES
Chart C2.1 Where did you see or hear about the smoking ad? A person from ANSA Ad on bulletin Hospital Treatment Center bulletin board dumpster Chart C3.1 Which of the following ads and messages do you recall hearing? Doctors and nurses NSB hospital ad smokeless tobacco Chart D7.1 Which of these reasons helped you quit? Had a dream that I quit and then only had i cig in the pack Health I quit when I was pregnant with my first child I wanted to live long enough to see my grandchildren born Planning on having a child after cancer operation asthma suffer to quit tobacco Chart E1.1 Of the following health concerns facing North Slope borough residents, which ONE is the biggest problem? [READ LIST, ACCEPT ONLY ONE ANSWER] Alcohol Diabetes Drugs Lack of education about what they put in your body Losing our values Teen smoking Use of Crystal Meth