cranes. pre-operational site activity and inspection v review the site for possible hazards:...

CranesCranes

Pre-operational site Pre-operational site activity and inspectionactivity and inspection

Review the site for possible Review the site for possible hazards:hazards:• Overhead linesOverhead lines• Unstable soilUnstable soil• High wind High wind

conditionsconditions• Other work Other work

activities in activities in the areathe area

1a


Characteristics of the load:Characteristics of the load:• Hazardous or toxic materialsHazardous or toxic materials• WeightWeight• DimensionsDimensions• Center of gravityCenter of gravity

1b


Rigging sketches and information:Rigging sketches and information:• Lift pointsLift points• Methods of attachmentMethods of attachment• Sling anglesSling angles• Load vectorsLoad vectors

1c


Rigging sketches and information:Rigging sketches and information:• Broom and swing anglesBroom and swing angles• Crane orientationsCrane orientations• Rated capacitiesRated capacities• Other factors affecting equipment Other factors affecting equipment

operationoperation

1d


Operating procedures:Operating procedures:• Step-by-step instructionsStep-by-step instructions• Applicable rigging precautionsApplicable rigging precautions• Safety measuresSafety measures• Emergency proceduresEmergency procedures

1e


Additions and modifications to Additions and modifications to equipment:equipment:• Tags, instruction plates, decals reflect Tags, instruction plates, decals reflect

to modificationsto modifications• Ensure safety factor has not been Ensure safety factor has not been

reduced by additions/modificationsreduced by additions/modifications

1f

Types of inspections and Types of inspections and checkschecks

Frequent inspections occur every Frequent inspections occur every dayday

Periodic Periodic inspections inspections occur monthlyoccur monthly

Depend upon Depend upon regulation and equipment involvedregulation and equipment involved

2a

Frequent inspectionsFrequent inspections

Daily pre-operational walk-around Daily pre-operational walk-around or pre-startup checkor pre-startup check

Exposed moving parts should be Exposed moving parts should be guarded/isolatedguarded/isolated

High voltage warning signs are High voltage warning signs are displayeddisplayed

3a


Crane componentsCrane components

Wire ropesWire ropes

Freedom of rotation of all swivelsFreedom of rotation of all swivels

TiresTires

3b


BatteriesBatteries

Proper lubricationProper lubrication

Fluid leaksFluid leaks

Heaves, drums, rigging, hardware, Heaves, drums, rigging, hardware, attachmentsattachments

3c


Operating mechanismsOperating mechanisms

Guardrails, handholds, stepsGuardrails, handholds, steps

Platforms/walkwaysPlatforms/walkways

Turntable connectionsTurntable connections

3d


Boom and jibBoom and jib• Look for straightness/damageLook for straightness/damage• CorrosionCorrosion• Cracking/peeling paintCracking/peeling paint• Bent lacingBent lacing

3e


OutriggersOutriggers• Distortion/crackingDistortion/cracking• WeldsWelds• Extension/retraction of beamsExtension/retraction of beams• FloatsFloats

3f

Frequent inspections: Frequent inspections: Pre-startupPre-startup

CabCab• Cleanliness of cabCleanliness of cab• Control labelingControl labeling• Function of gauges, lights, signalsFunction of gauges, lights, signals• Service/parking brakeService/parking brake• Seat and cab door operationSeat and cab door operation• Inspection and maintenance recordsInspection and maintenance records

3g

Frequent inspections: Frequent inspections: Pre-startup Pre-startup

Fire extinguisherFire extinguisher• Accessibility of fire extinguisherAccessibility of fire extinguisher• Rating of extinguisher – Rating of extinguisher –

5BC or higher5BC or higher• One extinguisher at One extinguisher at

each operator stationeach operator station

3h

Frequent inspections: Frequent inspections: Pre-startupPre-startup

Field of visionField of vision• Broken/cracked windowsBroken/cracked windows• Adjustment/operation of Adjustment/operation of

brakes/clutchesbrakes/clutches• Operation/calibration of boom hoist Operation/calibration of boom hoist

lockoutlockout• Gauges and warning lightsGauges and warning lights• ControlsControls

3i

Periodic inspectionsPeriodic inspections

Performed monthly and/or annuallyPerformed monthly and/or annually

Inspection Inspection varies varies depending on depending on crane use crane use and site and site conditionsconditions

4a


Maintain records on:Maintain records on:• brakesbrakes• crane hookscrane hooks• hoist chainshoist chains• ropesropes

4b


Inspection records must include Inspection records must include the:the:• date of the date of the

inspectioninspection• signature of signature of

the inspectorthe inspector• serial number serial number

of critical of critical componentcomponent

4c

Periodic inspections - Periodic inspections - check for:check for:

Structural damageStructural damage

Cracks in Cracks in welded welded connectionsconnections

Damage or Damage or defects of defects of sheavessheaves

4d


Main hoist and auxiliary drum Main hoist and auxiliary drum damage/defectsdamage/defects

Even distribution of the wire rope Even distribution of the wire rope on hoist drumon hoist drum

Proper wire rope integrityProper wire rope integrity

4e


Excessive wear of brake and clutch Excessive wear of brake and clutch partsparts

Worn, cracked, distorted partsWorn, cracked, distorted parts

Defects/damage to the main boom, Defects/damage to the main boom, jib, boom extensionsjib, boom extensions

4f


Repairs that meet manufacturer’s Repairs that meet manufacturer’s specificationsspecifications

Defects/damage of the load Defects/damage of the load hooks/hook blockhooks/hook block

4g


Excessive wear of the drive Excessive wear of the drive sprockets/chain stretchsprockets/chain stretch

Positive stops on jibsPositive stops on jibs

Deterioration of hydraulic Deterioration of hydraulic componentscomponents

Stamps of working pressure on Stamps of working pressure on flexible hosesflexible hoses

4h


Defects/damage to the turntableDefects/damage to the turntable

Permanent/legible ID numbersPermanent/legible ID numbers

Securing/locking of counterweightSecuring/locking of counterweight

Easy access to the cabEasy access to the cab

4i


Proper function of boom stops, Proper function of boom stops, hoist disconnects, boom angle hoist disconnects, boom angle indicator, jib stopsindicator, jib stops

Proper operation of power plantsProper operation of power plants

Proper functioning of all other Proper functioning of all other operating mechanismsoperating mechanisms

4j


Do not use damaged/unsafe Do not use damaged/unsafe equipment until repairs have been equipment until repairs have been mademade

4k

Maintenance proceduresMaintenance procedures

Preventive maintenance keeps Preventive maintenance keeps cranes in good operating conditioncranes in good operating condition

Follow the company’s preventive Follow the company’s preventive maintenance programmaintenance program

5a

Maintenance procedures - Maintenance procedures - precautions:precautions:

Move the crane where it will create Move the crane where it will create minimum interference with other minimum interference with other cranescranes

Turn all controls to the “off” positionTurn all controls to the “off” position

Lock the main/emergency switch in Lock the main/emergency switch in the “off” positionthe “off” position

5b


Place “Out of order” signs on the Place “Out of order” signs on the cranecrane

Provide rail stopsProvide rail stops

Ensure guards are reinstalled after Ensure guards are reinstalled after maintenancemaintenance

5c


Only designated personnel can Only designated personnel can perform repairsperform repairs

5d


Some components must be Some components must be regularly adjusted to maintain regularly adjusted to maintain proper operationproper operation• Limit switchesLimit switches• Control Control

systemssystems• BrakesBrakes• Power Power

plantsplants5e

Hazard of overhead linesHazard of overhead lines

Maintain appropriate line clearanceMaintain appropriate line clearance

Direct contactDirect contact

Indirect Indirect contactcontact

6a


Preferred methods of safety Preferred methods of safety around overhead lines include:around overhead lines include:• de-energizing and grounding all de-energizing and grounding all

electrical lineselectrical lines• erecting insulating barrierserecting insulating barriers

6b


Voltages 50 kv or less, the Voltages 50 kv or less, the clearance distance is 10 feetclearance distance is 10 feet

Voltages greater than 50kv, the Voltages greater than 50kv, the clearance is 10 feet plus 4 inches clearance is 10 feet plus 4 inches for every 10 kv over 50 kvfor every 10 kv over 50 kv

6c


When the vehicle is in transit, and When the vehicle is in transit, and the structure is lowered:the structure is lowered:• the clearance distance is 4 feet for 50 the clearance distance is 4 feet for 50

kv or less; orkv or less; or• 4 feet plus 4 inches for every 10 kv 4 feet plus 4 inches for every 10 kv

over 50 kv for voltage greater than 50 over 50 kv for voltage greater than 50 kvkv

6d


Use signalmen to assist in Use signalmen to assist in maintaining proper clearances maintaining proper clearances where vision is obstructedwhere vision is obstructed• Hand signalsHand signals• Chart of hand signalsChart of hand signals

6e


Use nonconductive tag lines to Use nonconductive tag lines to stabilize the loadstabilize the load

Use insulating Use insulating boots and boots and glovesgloves

6f

Operating rulesOperating rules

Post operating rules near the Post operating rules near the following types of cranes:following types of cranes:• StationaryStationary• OverheadOverhead• GantryGantry

7a

General safety rulesGeneral safety rules

Avoid carrying loads over peopleAvoid carrying loads over people

Don’t allow anyone to ride on the Don’t allow anyone to ride on the hookhook

Don’t walk away from a crane with Don’t walk away from a crane with a suspended loada suspended load

8a

General safety rulesGeneral safety rules

Move loads slowly; avoid sudden Move loads slowly; avoid sudden movementsmovements

Never carry items in your hand Never carry items in your hand while climbing a ladderwhile climbing a ladder

Store clothing/equipment so as not Store clothing/equipment so as not to interfere with crane operationto interfere with crane operation

8b

Prohibited actionsProhibited actions

Do not exceed load ratingsDo not exceed load ratings

Do not change the recommended Do not change the recommended counterweightscounterweights

Do not lift an Do not lift an unsecured/unbalanced loadunsecured/unbalanced load

9a

Prohibited actionsProhibited actions

Do not lift two separately rigged Do not lift two separately rigged loads at the same timeloads at the same time

Do not wrap tag lines around one’s Do not wrap tag lines around one’s bodybody

9b

cranes. pre-operational site activity and inspection v review the site for possible hazards:...

Documents

dayperiodic inspections

checksfrequent inspections

prestartup checkexposed

main hoist

main boom

boom hoist lockoutgauges

inspectionrigging sketches

higherone extinguisher