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National Defense Industrial AssociationFebruary 1, 2011

CREATE-RF Status

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SENTRI – Scalable Engineering Tools for RF Integration

• Computer Aided Engineering Software for DoD Electromagnetic Applications

• Designed for High Accuracy – Full Wave (non-optical) Numerical Methods

‒ Finite Elements‒ Boundary Integral‒ Harmonic Expansions

• Designed for Extensibility, Maintainability, and Flexibility

‒ Not All Electromagnetic Applications are the same‒ Need for Specific and Tailored Methods for Unique Applications

• Designed to Run on Wide Range of Computers

‒ from Engineering Workstations to High Performance Computers

Product: SENTRI

CREATE-RF DevelopmentProduct Description

What it is:

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CREATE-RF Requirement Summary

Computational Electromagnetics Applies to Almost All DoD Systems

• Antennas on Air, Sea, Ground, And Space Platforms• Communication, Navigation, Surveillance, Target Recognition,

Electronic Attack, Countermeasure, Etc.

Global Hawk

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Development Approach BackgroundBenefits to DoD Acquisition Community

‘First-Pass’ Designs

Less Prototyping Faster and More Productive Engineering

New Concept Designs Higher Performance at Lower Cost

• Develop High-Fidelity Codes to Model All Design Variables Reducing Risk That Design Goals Will Not Be Met

• Hardware Prototyping is Time Consuming, Expensive, Provides Little Insight to Physical Phenomena

• Methods Allow for the Exploration of Entire Design Space

• Higher Performance Requires New Designs and Materials to be Explored

A Single DoD Vehicle can have More Than 100 Antenna Systems

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Challenge of Computational Electromagnetics

• Complex Geometries, Complex Material Application, Multi-Scale Geometries

• Computationally Expensive for Accurate Full-Wave Analysis

• Electromagnetic Phenomena (Singularities, Resonances, Wide-Band)

CREATE-RF DevelopmentProduct Description

Prof. Jin-Fa Lee

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• 100 MHz to 40 GHz

• 10 samples/λ

• Length = 15.5 m

• Width = 8.9 m

• Height = 4.1 m

102

103

104

105

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

1010

VHF UHF L S C X Ku K Ka

Frequency (MHz)

Pro

ble

m S

ize

(Un

kn

ow

ns)

5M

1M

200K

20K

20M

50M

180M

500M

109

108

107

106

105

104

103

102 103 104 105

1010

Unknown Count with Notional Aircraft

Source: Riverside Research Institute

CREATE-RF DevelopmentProduct Description

Challenge of Computational Electromagnetics

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SENTRI at version 1.5

Antenna Modeling• Patch, Notch, Horn, Spirals (Applications: Radar, Communication, GPS)• Phased Array Antennas• Cavity Backed Antenna (Approximate In-Situ Analysis)

Periodic Structures• Frequency Selective Surfaces• Circuit Analog Absorbers• Metamaterials• Infrared Filters / Absorbers

Microwave Circuits• Power Splitting• Material Measurement• Filters• Circulators

Radar Cross-Section Prediction

Development ApproachProduct Roadmap

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Development ApproachProduct Roadmap

Future Releases of SENTRI

Full End-to-End Analysis System

‒ Graphical User Interface‒ Material Database‒ Visualization of Solutions‒ Analysis Traceability‒ Optimization

Programmable System

‒ Software Release as a Application Programming Interface for Further Tailoring by End User

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Rapid Design Codes

High Fidelity Codes

Design Optimization Techniques Integrated with Rapid Design / High-Fidelity Codes

Specialized Codes for Particular Applications

What Engineers Need for Their Design Work

Making Engineers Productive by Automating Design Tools

Big Payoff – Solving Problems that Others Can’t

Development ApproachDevelopment Strategy

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Design Space

Rapid Design Methods

High Fidelity Methods

OptimalDesign

Rapid Design Methods Narrow Design SpaceHigh Fidelity Methods Model All Variables, Optimal Design

Development ApproachDevelopment Strategy

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Rapid Design Codes

High Fidelity Codes

Design Optimization Techniques Integrated with Rapid Design / High-Fidelity Codes

Specialized Codes for Particular Applications

What Engineers Need for Their Design Work

Making Engineers Productive by Automating Design Tools

Big Payoff – Solving Problems that Others Can’t

Development ApproachDevelopment Strategy

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Rapid Design Codes

High Fidelity Codes

Design Optimization Techniques Integrated with Rapid Design / High-Fidelity Codes

Specialized Codes for Particular Applications

What Engineers Need for Their Design Work

Making Engineers Productive by Automating Design Tools

Big Payoff Solving Problems that Others Can’t

Development ApproachDevelopment Strategy

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High Dielectric Coupled-Ring Filter

Normal H on symmetry plane.

ε = 38 (both)

Dielectric

Air

Coax

Coax

ε = 2.4

ε = 2.4

Sanity Check - Code to Code Comparison: SENTRI vs. CST Microwave Studio

Application Examples

Successfully Benchmarked w/ Independent Software Vendor Tools

Microwave Circuit Analysis

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Sanity Check – SENTRI vs. Published Results

Application ExamplesMetamaterials

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SENTRI

Sanity Check – SENTRI vs. Published Results

Application ExamplesMetamaterials

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SENTRI vs. Commercial Codes

Solution domain.

Near field is post-processed, could be used as illumination for other problems.

Stripline feed.

Radial stub.

Exponential tapered slot, cut into metal.

λ/4 reflector

Ra

dia

tin

g

slo

tlin

e m

od

e.

x

y

Ret

urn

Lo

ss (

S11

) d

B

Frequency, GHz

4 5 6 7 8

- 40

-

30

- 2

0

-

10

0

Legend

(v1)

(v1.5)

Successfully Benchmarked w/ Independent Software Vendor Tools

Application ExamplesPrinted Circuit Antennas

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A large printed array is an antenna-type problem that also benefits.

Gain (left) & field structure (right).

Application ExamplesAntenna Patch Array

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Lofted horn on notional missile.

Ga

in,

dB

i

-180 -120 -60 0 60 120 180

Angle off boresight, degrees.

-1

5

-1

0

-5

0

5

10

-5

0

-40

-3

0

-20

-1

0

0

10

Ga

in,

dB

i

Isolated

In-situ

Isolated

In-situ

E-plane

H-plane

ε = 1 (air)

ε = 1.8 (radome)

Metal

Metal

12

’, 4

0 λ

@ 3

.3G

Hz,

78

K /

96

K F

E/B

I u

nk

no

wn

sApplication Examples

In-Situ Antenna Analysis

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O(N3)

O(N log

N)

Desired endpoint: asymptotically competitive algorithms, scaled well to next-gen HPC platforms

P

P

P

O(N log

N)/P

Problem Size

Tim

e to

So

luti

on

ACA, FMM

(FY10)

Open MP + MPI

MPI Hierarchical-A

CA,

ML-FMM

O(N1.5 )/P

Analysis ScalabilityRunning Large, High Fidelity Models

Big Computers Not the Total Solution

Big Computers + Algorithms that Scale with Problem Size

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Conclusion

• Computational Electromagnetic Applications are Challenging but with High Performance Computers and Advanced Numerical Methods they can be Solved

• CREATE-RF Software Development‒For Use by DoD Government and US Defense Industry Engineers‒Allows for Specific Tailoring for Special Applications‒Tech-Transfer Mechanism for Next-Gen of Gov’t Engineers

• CREATE-RF Transfer to Military Industry‒ Complete Analysis Package ‒ Runs on Workstations and High Performance Computers‒ Programmable System for End User Extensibility