creating the constitution
TRANSCRIPT
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Creating a Government for the New Nation
Implementing the Constitution
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After Independence was declared…
• each of the states set out to create its own government.
• While they were all different, many states experimented with different “branches” of government.
• This was done in an attempt to make sure that the government did not become too powerful.
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Republic
• a system where the people choose people to represent and govern them
• All of the states chose this type of system.
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Articles of Confederation
• served as the first plan of government for the new nation
• approved by the Second Continental Congress in November, 1777…
• but did not become officially ratified by the states until 1781
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What the Articles did
• 1. Formed a loose union of the states, BUT left most of the governing power to the states, themselves.
• 2. The national government had the power to wage war, make peace, sign treaties, and issue money.
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Weaknesses of the Articles
• Debt was a large problem facing the new nation.
• Much had been spent fighting the war.• Much of the money owed was to soldiers that
had fought in the Revolution. • Despite violent protest to Congress, they did
NOT have the power to levy taxes to help pay the soldiers.
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Shays’s Rebellion (1787)• Daniel Shays led a
rebellion of farmers to protest the lack of support given to the former soldiers.
• The Rebellion was quickly put down but many empathized with the situation of the farmers and felt sorry for them.
• Was a key event that led to the revision of the Articles and ultimately the Constitution.
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Creating the Constitution
Founding Fathers: name given to the men that constructed the
Constitution
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Challenges faced in writing the Constitution
• 1. Creating a strong, but limited, federal government
• 2. Balancing the interests of large and small states.
• 3. Determining representation in Congress• 4. Determining how slaves would be
counted in the population.• 5. Creating a balance of power within
government
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The Virginia Plan
• This plan addressed the issue of balance of power within government.
• It created the three branches of government that we have today…– A. Legislative Branch: passes the laws– B. Executive Branch: enforces the laws– C. Judicial Branch: interprets the laws
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The plan also called for….
two houses of Congress that would both have representation based on population and wealth.
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The Great Compromise• The smaller states were VERY concerned
that the Virginia Plan would leave almost all of the power in the larger states.
• In the end, the Great Compromise settled the situation.
• The Senate: Each state would have EQUAL representation
• The House of Representatives: Representation would be based on population.
• This system is still in place today!
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The Three-Fifths Compromise
• This addressed the issue of how slaves would be counted in a state’s population for representation in the House and for tax purposes.
• The delegates agreed that for every 5 slaves a state had, 3 would be counted in that state’s population.
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Selecting the President
• It was decided that electors chosen by the states would select the President.
• This is the basis for the Electoral College system that we still use today.
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The Bill of Rights
• Bill of Rights: a set of rules that defines peoples’ rights
• Those fearing that the federal government would become too powerful insisted on a Bill of Rights being added to the Constitution.
• The Bill of Rights became the first ten amendments to the Constitution.