crelier dsp trends

48
Institut  Life T echnologies Trends and trend setters in Downstream Processing Simon Crelier Life Technologies Institute HES-SO Valais Wallis CH-1950 Sion 5 th International Summer School on Advanced Biotechnology Aug 31 Sep 4, 2010 S ta Margherita di Belice, Sicily (I)  © Fraunh ofer ITEM, 2010  © Pall L ife Sciences , 2010

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832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 148

Institut Life Technologies

Trends and trend setters in DownstreamProcessing

Simon Crelier

Life Technologies Institute

HES-SO Valais Wallis

CH-1950 Sion

5th International Summer Schoolon Advanced BiotechnologyAug 31 ndash Sep 4 2010Sta Margherita di Belice Sicily (I)

copy Fraunhofer ITEM 2010

copy Pall Life Sciences 2010

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 248

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 2

Presentation outline

DSP past and present

Downstream bottleneck hype or reality

Trends

Is PAT (part of) the solution

Conclusion

A message from the tourist office

copy Glycotope Biotechnology 2010

Based in part on the following review article

Future of antibody purificationD Low et al J Chromatogr B 848 (2007) 48-63

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 348

Institut Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 3

(itrsquos a long way) from DNA to product

New therapeutic

approach

Identification of gene Cloning of gene

transfection

Isolation of producing clones

Medium optimisationfermentation conditions

Scale-up process development

Commercial product

DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 448

Institut Life Technologies

Downstream processing in short

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 4

PRODUCT HAS TO BE

Pure

ActiveSafe

Well-formulatedStable

SHOULD BE

Short

Efficientlaquo Gentle raquoCheap

STARTING MATERIAL

bull Complex heterogenous mixtures

bull Mostly aqueous

bull Low product concentrations

bull Large volumes to be handled

bull Molecules are sensitivelabile

bull High risk of contamination

Really

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 548

Institut Life Technologies

5

Common pathways for the isolation of products

FermentorLS

Separation

CellsBiomass

Supernatant Isolation

Isolation

Cell Disruption

Purification

PurificationExtracellular

Products

IntracellularProducts

Products

Cell debrisLS

Separation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 648

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Downstream processing for biotechnology 6

Capture

Purification

Polishing

Stage

Purity

Physical methods

SedimentationCentrifugation

FiltrationMicrofiltrationUltrafiltrationNanofiltration

Reverse osmosisElectrodialysis

Thermal methods

ExtractionATPS

PrecipitationAdsorptionChromatography

(IEX SEC ACHIC)

CrystallizationRefolding

A few basic considerations

Resolution

Capacity

Yield

Speed

Technical characteristicsof DSP unit operations

0

20

40

60

80

100

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Nombre deacutetapes

R e n d e m e n t g l o b a l [ ]

Y=09

Y=08

Y=07

Y=06

Wanted few steps withhigh recovery yields

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 748

Institut Life Technologies

7

White biotech red biotech from low- to high-tech

Citric acid

Lactic acid

Antibiotics

Biopolymers

Ethanol biofuels

Industrial enzymes

Purification involves a large rangeof laquo standard raquo unit operationssuch as precipitation LL extrac-tion high pressure homogenization

Recombinant proteins

Monoclonal antibodies

Hormones

DSP using techniques more speci-fic to biotechnology membranefiltration affinity chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 848

Institut Life Technologies

8

Textbook DSP Cellmedium separation

Sedimentation

Filtration

Centrifugation

Cell lysis

Bead mill

HP homogenizer

Ultrasound

LL Extraction

Precipitation

Adsorption

Chromatography

Membrane filtration

etc hellip

Centrifugation

Micro- amp Ultrafiltration

Chromatography

DSP in the biopharma

Are we teaching the rightthings

Do we place our focus onthe correct topic(s)

An obsolete view of DSP

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 948

Institut Life Technologies

9

White biotech Citric acid production (gt 106 tonsyear)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Fermentedliquor

Calcium citrateprecipitation

Filtration andwashing

Lime (CaO)

H2SO4

Filtrateto WWTP

Regeneration of

citric acid

Filtration

Gypsumfor disposal

Decolourizingtreatment

Active carbonFiltration

ConcentrationCrystallizationCentrifugation

Mother liquor recycling

PackingSievingDrying

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1048

Institut Life Technologies

10

Production of a monoclonal antibody (a few tonsyear)

copy Pall Corporation 2007

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1148

Institut Life Technologies

11

An obsolete view of DSP

J L DwyerBioTechnology 2 (11) pp 957 [1984]

5 gl1 gl

H W Blanch D S ClarkBiochemical Engineering Dekker 1997

Hepatitis BVaccine (1986)

Tissue PlasminogenActivator (1987)

Human GrowthHormone (1985)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1248

Institut Life Technologies

12

Ainrsquot there a cure to the

downstream bottleneck blues

Dave Arcari

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1348

Institut Life Technologies

13

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part I)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

A reflectiondebate has been started on the ability of existing DSP technologies to keep up with theincreasing performance of biopharmaceutical processes

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1448

Institut Life Technologies

14

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part II)

According to some theproblem is mostly one ofproper capacityestimation at the

development stage

However practicalconsiderations tend toshow that it is not thatsimple

Everyone agrees on onepoint improvements areneeded and alwayswelcome

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1548

Institut Life Technologies

Capacity of Protein A resins used to be sufficient

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 15

R L Fahrner et al Biotechnol Appl Biochem (1993) 30 121 ndash128

Load material was a cell culture mediumwith cells and cell debris removed bytangential flow filtration

It contained a recombinant humanizedmonoclonal antibody (IgG1) produced in

CHO cells at levels of ca 035 [gl]

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1648

Institut Life Technologies

16

The big picture has a name productivity

How to increase Productivity

Increase product titre

Upstream

Reduce run time Upstream

Downstream

Reduce down time

Fermentation Downstream

Increase recovery yield

Downstream

The search is more than everon for quick efficient androbust DSP unit operations ofhigh capacity

YDR

365CP

tt

odPr

P Productivity [g(lyear)]Cprod Product conc [gl]Rt Run time [d]Dt Down time [d]Y Recovery yield [-]

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1748

Institut Life Technologies

17

Single use bioreactors have paved the way

Suppliers Applikon GE Healthcare Kuumlhner MilliporeStedim Wave (and more)

Simple preparation sterile connections no CIP

Reduction of fermentation down time

10-100 L

100-500 L

BIOSTAT reg Cultibag RM

1000 Xcellerex

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1848

Institut Life Technologies

Single use filtration for clarification and virus removal

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 18

Mobius FlexReady for depth filtration

Mobius FlexReady for tangential flow filtration

I i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1948

Institut Life Technologies

19

Chromatography of macromolecules the C-term rules

Macromolecules (proteins polymers

antibodiesDNA polysaccharides)

Small molecules (antibiotics peptidesamino acids hormones sugars)

s

s

uCu

BAH

In the van Deemter equation the C-termis directly related to the mass transferfrom the liquid to the solid phase

Improved mass transfer leads to higher

performance of the column in terms ofcapacity and resolution

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2048

Institut Life Technologies

20

CIM product range

(BIA Separations)

Pall Mustangreg range

(Pall)Sartobindreg product range

(Sartorius Stedim)

Improved mass transfer dynamic binding capacity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Monoliths and membranesoffer chromatographicmedia with greatly improvedmass transfer characteris-

tics due to very low contri-bution of diffusion

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2148

Institut Life Technologies

21

Monoliths Sponge Bob goes chromatographic

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

These matrices were introduced in 1990Theyare synthesized fom glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) and ethylene dimetha-crylate (EDMA)in the presence of porogens and an initiatorFunctional groups are then grafted on thesolid surface-

Separation of myoglobin (1) conalbumin (2) and soybean

trypsin inhibitor (3) at six different flow rates (40 80 120

160 200 and 240 mlmin

Applications separation of peptides proteinsoligonucleotides pDNA RNA and viruses Alsoused as catalytic bed for enzyme reactors

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 248

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 2

Presentation outline

DSP past and present

Downstream bottleneck hype or reality

Trends

Is PAT (part of) the solution

Conclusion

A message from the tourist office

copy Glycotope Biotechnology 2010

Based in part on the following review article

Future of antibody purificationD Low et al J Chromatogr B 848 (2007) 48-63

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 348

Institut Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 3

(itrsquos a long way) from DNA to product

New therapeutic

approach

Identification of gene Cloning of gene

transfection

Isolation of producing clones

Medium optimisationfermentation conditions

Scale-up process development

Commercial product

DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 448

Institut Life Technologies

Downstream processing in short

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 4

PRODUCT HAS TO BE

Pure

ActiveSafe

Well-formulatedStable

SHOULD BE

Short

Efficientlaquo Gentle raquoCheap

STARTING MATERIAL

bull Complex heterogenous mixtures

bull Mostly aqueous

bull Low product concentrations

bull Large volumes to be handled

bull Molecules are sensitivelabile

bull High risk of contamination

Really

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 548

Institut Life Technologies

5

Common pathways for the isolation of products

FermentorLS

Separation

CellsBiomass

Supernatant Isolation

Isolation

Cell Disruption

Purification

PurificationExtracellular

Products

IntracellularProducts

Products

Cell debrisLS

Separation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 648

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Downstream processing for biotechnology 6

Capture

Purification

Polishing

Stage

Purity

Physical methods

SedimentationCentrifugation

FiltrationMicrofiltrationUltrafiltrationNanofiltration

Reverse osmosisElectrodialysis

Thermal methods

ExtractionATPS

PrecipitationAdsorptionChromatography

(IEX SEC ACHIC)

CrystallizationRefolding

A few basic considerations

Resolution

Capacity

Yield

Speed

Technical characteristicsof DSP unit operations

0

20

40

60

80

100

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Nombre deacutetapes

R e n d e m e n t g l o b a l [ ]

Y=09

Y=08

Y=07

Y=06

Wanted few steps withhigh recovery yields

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 748

Institut Life Technologies

7

White biotech red biotech from low- to high-tech

Citric acid

Lactic acid

Antibiotics

Biopolymers

Ethanol biofuels

Industrial enzymes

Purification involves a large rangeof laquo standard raquo unit operationssuch as precipitation LL extrac-tion high pressure homogenization

Recombinant proteins

Monoclonal antibodies

Hormones

DSP using techniques more speci-fic to biotechnology membranefiltration affinity chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 848

Institut Life Technologies

8

Textbook DSP Cellmedium separation

Sedimentation

Filtration

Centrifugation

Cell lysis

Bead mill

HP homogenizer

Ultrasound

LL Extraction

Precipitation

Adsorption

Chromatography

Membrane filtration

etc hellip

Centrifugation

Micro- amp Ultrafiltration

Chromatography

DSP in the biopharma

Are we teaching the rightthings

Do we place our focus onthe correct topic(s)

An obsolete view of DSP

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 948

Institut Life Technologies

9

White biotech Citric acid production (gt 106 tonsyear)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Fermentedliquor

Calcium citrateprecipitation

Filtration andwashing

Lime (CaO)

H2SO4

Filtrateto WWTP

Regeneration of

citric acid

Filtration

Gypsumfor disposal

Decolourizingtreatment

Active carbonFiltration

ConcentrationCrystallizationCentrifugation

Mother liquor recycling

PackingSievingDrying

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1048

Institut Life Technologies

10

Production of a monoclonal antibody (a few tonsyear)

copy Pall Corporation 2007

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1148

Institut Life Technologies

11

An obsolete view of DSP

J L DwyerBioTechnology 2 (11) pp 957 [1984]

5 gl1 gl

H W Blanch D S ClarkBiochemical Engineering Dekker 1997

Hepatitis BVaccine (1986)

Tissue PlasminogenActivator (1987)

Human GrowthHormone (1985)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1248

Institut Life Technologies

12

Ainrsquot there a cure to the

downstream bottleneck blues

Dave Arcari

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1348

Institut Life Technologies

13

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part I)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

A reflectiondebate has been started on the ability of existing DSP technologies to keep up with theincreasing performance of biopharmaceutical processes

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1448

Institut Life Technologies

14

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part II)

According to some theproblem is mostly one ofproper capacityestimation at the

development stage

However practicalconsiderations tend toshow that it is not thatsimple

Everyone agrees on onepoint improvements areneeded and alwayswelcome

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1548

Institut Life Technologies

Capacity of Protein A resins used to be sufficient

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 15

R L Fahrner et al Biotechnol Appl Biochem (1993) 30 121 ndash128

Load material was a cell culture mediumwith cells and cell debris removed bytangential flow filtration

It contained a recombinant humanizedmonoclonal antibody (IgG1) produced in

CHO cells at levels of ca 035 [gl]

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1648

Institut Life Technologies

16

The big picture has a name productivity

How to increase Productivity

Increase product titre

Upstream

Reduce run time Upstream

Downstream

Reduce down time

Fermentation Downstream

Increase recovery yield

Downstream

The search is more than everon for quick efficient androbust DSP unit operations ofhigh capacity

YDR

365CP

tt

odPr

P Productivity [g(lyear)]Cprod Product conc [gl]Rt Run time [d]Dt Down time [d]Y Recovery yield [-]

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1748

Institut Life Technologies

17

Single use bioreactors have paved the way

Suppliers Applikon GE Healthcare Kuumlhner MilliporeStedim Wave (and more)

Simple preparation sterile connections no CIP

Reduction of fermentation down time

10-100 L

100-500 L

BIOSTAT reg Cultibag RM

1000 Xcellerex

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1848

Institut Life Technologies

Single use filtration for clarification and virus removal

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 18

Mobius FlexReady for depth filtration

Mobius FlexReady for tangential flow filtration

I i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1948

Institut Life Technologies

19

Chromatography of macromolecules the C-term rules

Macromolecules (proteins polymers

antibodiesDNA polysaccharides)

Small molecules (antibiotics peptidesamino acids hormones sugars)

s

s

uCu

BAH

In the van Deemter equation the C-termis directly related to the mass transferfrom the liquid to the solid phase

Improved mass transfer leads to higher

performance of the column in terms ofcapacity and resolution

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2048

Institut Life Technologies

20

CIM product range

(BIA Separations)

Pall Mustangreg range

(Pall)Sartobindreg product range

(Sartorius Stedim)

Improved mass transfer dynamic binding capacity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Monoliths and membranesoffer chromatographicmedia with greatly improvedmass transfer characteris-

tics due to very low contri-bution of diffusion

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2148

Institut Life Technologies

21

Monoliths Sponge Bob goes chromatographic

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

These matrices were introduced in 1990Theyare synthesized fom glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) and ethylene dimetha-crylate (EDMA)in the presence of porogens and an initiatorFunctional groups are then grafted on thesolid surface-

Separation of myoglobin (1) conalbumin (2) and soybean

trypsin inhibitor (3) at six different flow rates (40 80 120

160 200 and 240 mlmin

Applications separation of peptides proteinsoligonucleotides pDNA RNA and viruses Alsoused as catalytic bed for enzyme reactors

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 348

Institut Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 3

(itrsquos a long way) from DNA to product

New therapeutic

approach

Identification of gene Cloning of gene

transfection

Isolation of producing clones

Medium optimisationfermentation conditions

Scale-up process development

Commercial product

DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 448

Institut Life Technologies

Downstream processing in short

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 4

PRODUCT HAS TO BE

Pure

ActiveSafe

Well-formulatedStable

SHOULD BE

Short

Efficientlaquo Gentle raquoCheap

STARTING MATERIAL

bull Complex heterogenous mixtures

bull Mostly aqueous

bull Low product concentrations

bull Large volumes to be handled

bull Molecules are sensitivelabile

bull High risk of contamination

Really

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 548

Institut Life Technologies

5

Common pathways for the isolation of products

FermentorLS

Separation

CellsBiomass

Supernatant Isolation

Isolation

Cell Disruption

Purification

PurificationExtracellular

Products

IntracellularProducts

Products

Cell debrisLS

Separation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 648

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Downstream processing for biotechnology 6

Capture

Purification

Polishing

Stage

Purity

Physical methods

SedimentationCentrifugation

FiltrationMicrofiltrationUltrafiltrationNanofiltration

Reverse osmosisElectrodialysis

Thermal methods

ExtractionATPS

PrecipitationAdsorptionChromatography

(IEX SEC ACHIC)

CrystallizationRefolding

A few basic considerations

Resolution

Capacity

Yield

Speed

Technical characteristicsof DSP unit operations

0

20

40

60

80

100

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Nombre deacutetapes

R e n d e m e n t g l o b a l [ ]

Y=09

Y=08

Y=07

Y=06

Wanted few steps withhigh recovery yields

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 748

Institut Life Technologies

7

White biotech red biotech from low- to high-tech

Citric acid

Lactic acid

Antibiotics

Biopolymers

Ethanol biofuels

Industrial enzymes

Purification involves a large rangeof laquo standard raquo unit operationssuch as precipitation LL extrac-tion high pressure homogenization

Recombinant proteins

Monoclonal antibodies

Hormones

DSP using techniques more speci-fic to biotechnology membranefiltration affinity chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 848

Institut Life Technologies

8

Textbook DSP Cellmedium separation

Sedimentation

Filtration

Centrifugation

Cell lysis

Bead mill

HP homogenizer

Ultrasound

LL Extraction

Precipitation

Adsorption

Chromatography

Membrane filtration

etc hellip

Centrifugation

Micro- amp Ultrafiltration

Chromatography

DSP in the biopharma

Are we teaching the rightthings

Do we place our focus onthe correct topic(s)

An obsolete view of DSP

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 948

Institut Life Technologies

9

White biotech Citric acid production (gt 106 tonsyear)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Fermentedliquor

Calcium citrateprecipitation

Filtration andwashing

Lime (CaO)

H2SO4

Filtrateto WWTP

Regeneration of

citric acid

Filtration

Gypsumfor disposal

Decolourizingtreatment

Active carbonFiltration

ConcentrationCrystallizationCentrifugation

Mother liquor recycling

PackingSievingDrying

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1048

Institut Life Technologies

10

Production of a monoclonal antibody (a few tonsyear)

copy Pall Corporation 2007

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1148

Institut Life Technologies

11

An obsolete view of DSP

J L DwyerBioTechnology 2 (11) pp 957 [1984]

5 gl1 gl

H W Blanch D S ClarkBiochemical Engineering Dekker 1997

Hepatitis BVaccine (1986)

Tissue PlasminogenActivator (1987)

Human GrowthHormone (1985)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1248

Institut Life Technologies

12

Ainrsquot there a cure to the

downstream bottleneck blues

Dave Arcari

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1348

Institut Life Technologies

13

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part I)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

A reflectiondebate has been started on the ability of existing DSP technologies to keep up with theincreasing performance of biopharmaceutical processes

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1448

Institut Life Technologies

14

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part II)

According to some theproblem is mostly one ofproper capacityestimation at the

development stage

However practicalconsiderations tend toshow that it is not thatsimple

Everyone agrees on onepoint improvements areneeded and alwayswelcome

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1548

Institut Life Technologies

Capacity of Protein A resins used to be sufficient

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 15

R L Fahrner et al Biotechnol Appl Biochem (1993) 30 121 ndash128

Load material was a cell culture mediumwith cells and cell debris removed bytangential flow filtration

It contained a recombinant humanizedmonoclonal antibody (IgG1) produced in

CHO cells at levels of ca 035 [gl]

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1648

Institut Life Technologies

16

The big picture has a name productivity

How to increase Productivity

Increase product titre

Upstream

Reduce run time Upstream

Downstream

Reduce down time

Fermentation Downstream

Increase recovery yield

Downstream

The search is more than everon for quick efficient androbust DSP unit operations ofhigh capacity

YDR

365CP

tt

odPr

P Productivity [g(lyear)]Cprod Product conc [gl]Rt Run time [d]Dt Down time [d]Y Recovery yield [-]

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1748

Institut Life Technologies

17

Single use bioreactors have paved the way

Suppliers Applikon GE Healthcare Kuumlhner MilliporeStedim Wave (and more)

Simple preparation sterile connections no CIP

Reduction of fermentation down time

10-100 L

100-500 L

BIOSTAT reg Cultibag RM

1000 Xcellerex

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1848

Institut Life Technologies

Single use filtration for clarification and virus removal

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 18

Mobius FlexReady for depth filtration

Mobius FlexReady for tangential flow filtration

I i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1948

Institut Life Technologies

19

Chromatography of macromolecules the C-term rules

Macromolecules (proteins polymers

antibodiesDNA polysaccharides)

Small molecules (antibiotics peptidesamino acids hormones sugars)

s

s

uCu

BAH

In the van Deemter equation the C-termis directly related to the mass transferfrom the liquid to the solid phase

Improved mass transfer leads to higher

performance of the column in terms ofcapacity and resolution

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2048

Institut Life Technologies

20

CIM product range

(BIA Separations)

Pall Mustangreg range

(Pall)Sartobindreg product range

(Sartorius Stedim)

Improved mass transfer dynamic binding capacity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Monoliths and membranesoffer chromatographicmedia with greatly improvedmass transfer characteris-

tics due to very low contri-bution of diffusion

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2148

Institut Life Technologies

21

Monoliths Sponge Bob goes chromatographic

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

These matrices were introduced in 1990Theyare synthesized fom glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) and ethylene dimetha-crylate (EDMA)in the presence of porogens and an initiatorFunctional groups are then grafted on thesolid surface-

Separation of myoglobin (1) conalbumin (2) and soybean

trypsin inhibitor (3) at six different flow rates (40 80 120

160 200 and 240 mlmin

Applications separation of peptides proteinsoligonucleotides pDNA RNA and viruses Alsoused as catalytic bed for enzyme reactors

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 448

Institut Life Technologies

Downstream processing in short

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 4

PRODUCT HAS TO BE

Pure

ActiveSafe

Well-formulatedStable

SHOULD BE

Short

Efficientlaquo Gentle raquoCheap

STARTING MATERIAL

bull Complex heterogenous mixtures

bull Mostly aqueous

bull Low product concentrations

bull Large volumes to be handled

bull Molecules are sensitivelabile

bull High risk of contamination

Really

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 548

Institut Life Technologies

5

Common pathways for the isolation of products

FermentorLS

Separation

CellsBiomass

Supernatant Isolation

Isolation

Cell Disruption

Purification

PurificationExtracellular

Products

IntracellularProducts

Products

Cell debrisLS

Separation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 648

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Downstream processing for biotechnology 6

Capture

Purification

Polishing

Stage

Purity

Physical methods

SedimentationCentrifugation

FiltrationMicrofiltrationUltrafiltrationNanofiltration

Reverse osmosisElectrodialysis

Thermal methods

ExtractionATPS

PrecipitationAdsorptionChromatography

(IEX SEC ACHIC)

CrystallizationRefolding

A few basic considerations

Resolution

Capacity

Yield

Speed

Technical characteristicsof DSP unit operations

0

20

40

60

80

100

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Nombre deacutetapes

R e n d e m e n t g l o b a l [ ]

Y=09

Y=08

Y=07

Y=06

Wanted few steps withhigh recovery yields

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 748

Institut Life Technologies

7

White biotech red biotech from low- to high-tech

Citric acid

Lactic acid

Antibiotics

Biopolymers

Ethanol biofuels

Industrial enzymes

Purification involves a large rangeof laquo standard raquo unit operationssuch as precipitation LL extrac-tion high pressure homogenization

Recombinant proteins

Monoclonal antibodies

Hormones

DSP using techniques more speci-fic to biotechnology membranefiltration affinity chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 848

Institut Life Technologies

8

Textbook DSP Cellmedium separation

Sedimentation

Filtration

Centrifugation

Cell lysis

Bead mill

HP homogenizer

Ultrasound

LL Extraction

Precipitation

Adsorption

Chromatography

Membrane filtration

etc hellip

Centrifugation

Micro- amp Ultrafiltration

Chromatography

DSP in the biopharma

Are we teaching the rightthings

Do we place our focus onthe correct topic(s)

An obsolete view of DSP

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 948

Institut Life Technologies

9

White biotech Citric acid production (gt 106 tonsyear)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Fermentedliquor

Calcium citrateprecipitation

Filtration andwashing

Lime (CaO)

H2SO4

Filtrateto WWTP

Regeneration of

citric acid

Filtration

Gypsumfor disposal

Decolourizingtreatment

Active carbonFiltration

ConcentrationCrystallizationCentrifugation

Mother liquor recycling

PackingSievingDrying

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1048

Institut Life Technologies

10

Production of a monoclonal antibody (a few tonsyear)

copy Pall Corporation 2007

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1148

Institut Life Technologies

11

An obsolete view of DSP

J L DwyerBioTechnology 2 (11) pp 957 [1984]

5 gl1 gl

H W Blanch D S ClarkBiochemical Engineering Dekker 1997

Hepatitis BVaccine (1986)

Tissue PlasminogenActivator (1987)

Human GrowthHormone (1985)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1248

Institut Life Technologies

12

Ainrsquot there a cure to the

downstream bottleneck blues

Dave Arcari

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1348

Institut Life Technologies

13

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part I)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

A reflectiondebate has been started on the ability of existing DSP technologies to keep up with theincreasing performance of biopharmaceutical processes

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1448

Institut Life Technologies

14

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part II)

According to some theproblem is mostly one ofproper capacityestimation at the

development stage

However practicalconsiderations tend toshow that it is not thatsimple

Everyone agrees on onepoint improvements areneeded and alwayswelcome

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1548

Institut Life Technologies

Capacity of Protein A resins used to be sufficient

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 15

R L Fahrner et al Biotechnol Appl Biochem (1993) 30 121 ndash128

Load material was a cell culture mediumwith cells and cell debris removed bytangential flow filtration

It contained a recombinant humanizedmonoclonal antibody (IgG1) produced in

CHO cells at levels of ca 035 [gl]

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1648

Institut Life Technologies

16

The big picture has a name productivity

How to increase Productivity

Increase product titre

Upstream

Reduce run time Upstream

Downstream

Reduce down time

Fermentation Downstream

Increase recovery yield

Downstream

The search is more than everon for quick efficient androbust DSP unit operations ofhigh capacity

YDR

365CP

tt

odPr

P Productivity [g(lyear)]Cprod Product conc [gl]Rt Run time [d]Dt Down time [d]Y Recovery yield [-]

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1748

Institut Life Technologies

17

Single use bioreactors have paved the way

Suppliers Applikon GE Healthcare Kuumlhner MilliporeStedim Wave (and more)

Simple preparation sterile connections no CIP

Reduction of fermentation down time

10-100 L

100-500 L

BIOSTAT reg Cultibag RM

1000 Xcellerex

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1848

Institut Life Technologies

Single use filtration for clarification and virus removal

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 18

Mobius FlexReady for depth filtration

Mobius FlexReady for tangential flow filtration

I i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1948

Institut Life Technologies

19

Chromatography of macromolecules the C-term rules

Macromolecules (proteins polymers

antibodiesDNA polysaccharides)

Small molecules (antibiotics peptidesamino acids hormones sugars)

s

s

uCu

BAH

In the van Deemter equation the C-termis directly related to the mass transferfrom the liquid to the solid phase

Improved mass transfer leads to higher

performance of the column in terms ofcapacity and resolution

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2048

Institut Life Technologies

20

CIM product range

(BIA Separations)

Pall Mustangreg range

(Pall)Sartobindreg product range

(Sartorius Stedim)

Improved mass transfer dynamic binding capacity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Monoliths and membranesoffer chromatographicmedia with greatly improvedmass transfer characteris-

tics due to very low contri-bution of diffusion

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2148

Institut Life Technologies

21

Monoliths Sponge Bob goes chromatographic

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

These matrices were introduced in 1990Theyare synthesized fom glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) and ethylene dimetha-crylate (EDMA)in the presence of porogens and an initiatorFunctional groups are then grafted on thesolid surface-

Separation of myoglobin (1) conalbumin (2) and soybean

trypsin inhibitor (3) at six different flow rates (40 80 120

160 200 and 240 mlmin

Applications separation of peptides proteinsoligonucleotides pDNA RNA and viruses Alsoused as catalytic bed for enzyme reactors

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 548

Institut Life Technologies

5

Common pathways for the isolation of products

FermentorLS

Separation

CellsBiomass

Supernatant Isolation

Isolation

Cell Disruption

Purification

PurificationExtracellular

Products

IntracellularProducts

Products

Cell debrisLS

Separation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 648

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Downstream processing for biotechnology 6

Capture

Purification

Polishing

Stage

Purity

Physical methods

SedimentationCentrifugation

FiltrationMicrofiltrationUltrafiltrationNanofiltration

Reverse osmosisElectrodialysis

Thermal methods

ExtractionATPS

PrecipitationAdsorptionChromatography

(IEX SEC ACHIC)

CrystallizationRefolding

A few basic considerations

Resolution

Capacity

Yield

Speed

Technical characteristicsof DSP unit operations

0

20

40

60

80

100

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Nombre deacutetapes

R e n d e m e n t g l o b a l [ ]

Y=09

Y=08

Y=07

Y=06

Wanted few steps withhigh recovery yields

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 748

Institut Life Technologies

7

White biotech red biotech from low- to high-tech

Citric acid

Lactic acid

Antibiotics

Biopolymers

Ethanol biofuels

Industrial enzymes

Purification involves a large rangeof laquo standard raquo unit operationssuch as precipitation LL extrac-tion high pressure homogenization

Recombinant proteins

Monoclonal antibodies

Hormones

DSP using techniques more speci-fic to biotechnology membranefiltration affinity chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 848

Institut Life Technologies

8

Textbook DSP Cellmedium separation

Sedimentation

Filtration

Centrifugation

Cell lysis

Bead mill

HP homogenizer

Ultrasound

LL Extraction

Precipitation

Adsorption

Chromatography

Membrane filtration

etc hellip

Centrifugation

Micro- amp Ultrafiltration

Chromatography

DSP in the biopharma

Are we teaching the rightthings

Do we place our focus onthe correct topic(s)

An obsolete view of DSP

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 948

Institut Life Technologies

9

White biotech Citric acid production (gt 106 tonsyear)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Fermentedliquor

Calcium citrateprecipitation

Filtration andwashing

Lime (CaO)

H2SO4

Filtrateto WWTP

Regeneration of

citric acid

Filtration

Gypsumfor disposal

Decolourizingtreatment

Active carbonFiltration

ConcentrationCrystallizationCentrifugation

Mother liquor recycling

PackingSievingDrying

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1048

Institut Life Technologies

10

Production of a monoclonal antibody (a few tonsyear)

copy Pall Corporation 2007

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1148

Institut Life Technologies

11

An obsolete view of DSP

J L DwyerBioTechnology 2 (11) pp 957 [1984]

5 gl1 gl

H W Blanch D S ClarkBiochemical Engineering Dekker 1997

Hepatitis BVaccine (1986)

Tissue PlasminogenActivator (1987)

Human GrowthHormone (1985)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1248

Institut Life Technologies

12

Ainrsquot there a cure to the

downstream bottleneck blues

Dave Arcari

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1348

Institut Life Technologies

13

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part I)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

A reflectiondebate has been started on the ability of existing DSP technologies to keep up with theincreasing performance of biopharmaceutical processes

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1448

Institut Life Technologies

14

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part II)

According to some theproblem is mostly one ofproper capacityestimation at the

development stage

However practicalconsiderations tend toshow that it is not thatsimple

Everyone agrees on onepoint improvements areneeded and alwayswelcome

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1548

Institut Life Technologies

Capacity of Protein A resins used to be sufficient

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 15

R L Fahrner et al Biotechnol Appl Biochem (1993) 30 121 ndash128

Load material was a cell culture mediumwith cells and cell debris removed bytangential flow filtration

It contained a recombinant humanizedmonoclonal antibody (IgG1) produced in

CHO cells at levels of ca 035 [gl]

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1648

Institut Life Technologies

16

The big picture has a name productivity

How to increase Productivity

Increase product titre

Upstream

Reduce run time Upstream

Downstream

Reduce down time

Fermentation Downstream

Increase recovery yield

Downstream

The search is more than everon for quick efficient androbust DSP unit operations ofhigh capacity

YDR

365CP

tt

odPr

P Productivity [g(lyear)]Cprod Product conc [gl]Rt Run time [d]Dt Down time [d]Y Recovery yield [-]

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1748

Institut Life Technologies

17

Single use bioreactors have paved the way

Suppliers Applikon GE Healthcare Kuumlhner MilliporeStedim Wave (and more)

Simple preparation sterile connections no CIP

Reduction of fermentation down time

10-100 L

100-500 L

BIOSTAT reg Cultibag RM

1000 Xcellerex

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1848

Institut Life Technologies

Single use filtration for clarification and virus removal

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 18

Mobius FlexReady for depth filtration

Mobius FlexReady for tangential flow filtration

I i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1948

Institut Life Technologies

19

Chromatography of macromolecules the C-term rules

Macromolecules (proteins polymers

antibodiesDNA polysaccharides)

Small molecules (antibiotics peptidesamino acids hormones sugars)

s

s

uCu

BAH

In the van Deemter equation the C-termis directly related to the mass transferfrom the liquid to the solid phase

Improved mass transfer leads to higher

performance of the column in terms ofcapacity and resolution

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2048

Institut Life Technologies

20

CIM product range

(BIA Separations)

Pall Mustangreg range

(Pall)Sartobindreg product range

(Sartorius Stedim)

Improved mass transfer dynamic binding capacity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Monoliths and membranesoffer chromatographicmedia with greatly improvedmass transfer characteris-

tics due to very low contri-bution of diffusion

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2148

Institut Life Technologies

21

Monoliths Sponge Bob goes chromatographic

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

These matrices were introduced in 1990Theyare synthesized fom glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) and ethylene dimetha-crylate (EDMA)in the presence of porogens and an initiatorFunctional groups are then grafted on thesolid surface-

Separation of myoglobin (1) conalbumin (2) and soybean

trypsin inhibitor (3) at six different flow rates (40 80 120

160 200 and 240 mlmin

Applications separation of peptides proteinsoligonucleotides pDNA RNA and viruses Alsoused as catalytic bed for enzyme reactors

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 648

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Downstream processing for biotechnology 6

Capture

Purification

Polishing

Stage

Purity

Physical methods

SedimentationCentrifugation

FiltrationMicrofiltrationUltrafiltrationNanofiltration

Reverse osmosisElectrodialysis

Thermal methods

ExtractionATPS

PrecipitationAdsorptionChromatography

(IEX SEC ACHIC)

CrystallizationRefolding

A few basic considerations

Resolution

Capacity

Yield

Speed

Technical characteristicsof DSP unit operations

0

20

40

60

80

100

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Nombre deacutetapes

R e n d e m e n t g l o b a l [ ]

Y=09

Y=08

Y=07

Y=06

Wanted few steps withhigh recovery yields

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 748

Institut Life Technologies

7

White biotech red biotech from low- to high-tech

Citric acid

Lactic acid

Antibiotics

Biopolymers

Ethanol biofuels

Industrial enzymes

Purification involves a large rangeof laquo standard raquo unit operationssuch as precipitation LL extrac-tion high pressure homogenization

Recombinant proteins

Monoclonal antibodies

Hormones

DSP using techniques more speci-fic to biotechnology membranefiltration affinity chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 848

Institut Life Technologies

8

Textbook DSP Cellmedium separation

Sedimentation

Filtration

Centrifugation

Cell lysis

Bead mill

HP homogenizer

Ultrasound

LL Extraction

Precipitation

Adsorption

Chromatography

Membrane filtration

etc hellip

Centrifugation

Micro- amp Ultrafiltration

Chromatography

DSP in the biopharma

Are we teaching the rightthings

Do we place our focus onthe correct topic(s)

An obsolete view of DSP

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 948

Institut Life Technologies

9

White biotech Citric acid production (gt 106 tonsyear)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Fermentedliquor

Calcium citrateprecipitation

Filtration andwashing

Lime (CaO)

H2SO4

Filtrateto WWTP

Regeneration of

citric acid

Filtration

Gypsumfor disposal

Decolourizingtreatment

Active carbonFiltration

ConcentrationCrystallizationCentrifugation

Mother liquor recycling

PackingSievingDrying

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1048

Institut Life Technologies

10

Production of a monoclonal antibody (a few tonsyear)

copy Pall Corporation 2007

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1148

Institut Life Technologies

11

An obsolete view of DSP

J L DwyerBioTechnology 2 (11) pp 957 [1984]

5 gl1 gl

H W Blanch D S ClarkBiochemical Engineering Dekker 1997

Hepatitis BVaccine (1986)

Tissue PlasminogenActivator (1987)

Human GrowthHormone (1985)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1248

Institut Life Technologies

12

Ainrsquot there a cure to the

downstream bottleneck blues

Dave Arcari

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1348

Institut Life Technologies

13

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part I)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

A reflectiondebate has been started on the ability of existing DSP technologies to keep up with theincreasing performance of biopharmaceutical processes

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1448

Institut Life Technologies

14

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part II)

According to some theproblem is mostly one ofproper capacityestimation at the

development stage

However practicalconsiderations tend toshow that it is not thatsimple

Everyone agrees on onepoint improvements areneeded and alwayswelcome

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1548

Institut Life Technologies

Capacity of Protein A resins used to be sufficient

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 15

R L Fahrner et al Biotechnol Appl Biochem (1993) 30 121 ndash128

Load material was a cell culture mediumwith cells and cell debris removed bytangential flow filtration

It contained a recombinant humanizedmonoclonal antibody (IgG1) produced in

CHO cells at levels of ca 035 [gl]

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1648

Institut Life Technologies

16

The big picture has a name productivity

How to increase Productivity

Increase product titre

Upstream

Reduce run time Upstream

Downstream

Reduce down time

Fermentation Downstream

Increase recovery yield

Downstream

The search is more than everon for quick efficient androbust DSP unit operations ofhigh capacity

YDR

365CP

tt

odPr

P Productivity [g(lyear)]Cprod Product conc [gl]Rt Run time [d]Dt Down time [d]Y Recovery yield [-]

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1748

Institut Life Technologies

17

Single use bioreactors have paved the way

Suppliers Applikon GE Healthcare Kuumlhner MilliporeStedim Wave (and more)

Simple preparation sterile connections no CIP

Reduction of fermentation down time

10-100 L

100-500 L

BIOSTAT reg Cultibag RM

1000 Xcellerex

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1848

Institut Life Technologies

Single use filtration for clarification and virus removal

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 18

Mobius FlexReady for depth filtration

Mobius FlexReady for tangential flow filtration

I i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1948

Institut Life Technologies

19

Chromatography of macromolecules the C-term rules

Macromolecules (proteins polymers

antibodiesDNA polysaccharides)

Small molecules (antibiotics peptidesamino acids hormones sugars)

s

s

uCu

BAH

In the van Deemter equation the C-termis directly related to the mass transferfrom the liquid to the solid phase

Improved mass transfer leads to higher

performance of the column in terms ofcapacity and resolution

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2048

Institut Life Technologies

20

CIM product range

(BIA Separations)

Pall Mustangreg range

(Pall)Sartobindreg product range

(Sartorius Stedim)

Improved mass transfer dynamic binding capacity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Monoliths and membranesoffer chromatographicmedia with greatly improvedmass transfer characteris-

tics due to very low contri-bution of diffusion

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2148

Institut Life Technologies

21

Monoliths Sponge Bob goes chromatographic

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

These matrices were introduced in 1990Theyare synthesized fom glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) and ethylene dimetha-crylate (EDMA)in the presence of porogens and an initiatorFunctional groups are then grafted on thesolid surface-

Separation of myoglobin (1) conalbumin (2) and soybean

trypsin inhibitor (3) at six different flow rates (40 80 120

160 200 and 240 mlmin

Applications separation of peptides proteinsoligonucleotides pDNA RNA and viruses Alsoused as catalytic bed for enzyme reactors

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 748

Institut Life Technologies

7

White biotech red biotech from low- to high-tech

Citric acid

Lactic acid

Antibiotics

Biopolymers

Ethanol biofuels

Industrial enzymes

Purification involves a large rangeof laquo standard raquo unit operationssuch as precipitation LL extrac-tion high pressure homogenization

Recombinant proteins

Monoclonal antibodies

Hormones

DSP using techniques more speci-fic to biotechnology membranefiltration affinity chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 848

Institut Life Technologies

8

Textbook DSP Cellmedium separation

Sedimentation

Filtration

Centrifugation

Cell lysis

Bead mill

HP homogenizer

Ultrasound

LL Extraction

Precipitation

Adsorption

Chromatography

Membrane filtration

etc hellip

Centrifugation

Micro- amp Ultrafiltration

Chromatography

DSP in the biopharma

Are we teaching the rightthings

Do we place our focus onthe correct topic(s)

An obsolete view of DSP

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 948

Institut Life Technologies

9

White biotech Citric acid production (gt 106 tonsyear)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Fermentedliquor

Calcium citrateprecipitation

Filtration andwashing

Lime (CaO)

H2SO4

Filtrateto WWTP

Regeneration of

citric acid

Filtration

Gypsumfor disposal

Decolourizingtreatment

Active carbonFiltration

ConcentrationCrystallizationCentrifugation

Mother liquor recycling

PackingSievingDrying

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1048

Institut Life Technologies

10

Production of a monoclonal antibody (a few tonsyear)

copy Pall Corporation 2007

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1148

Institut Life Technologies

11

An obsolete view of DSP

J L DwyerBioTechnology 2 (11) pp 957 [1984]

5 gl1 gl

H W Blanch D S ClarkBiochemical Engineering Dekker 1997

Hepatitis BVaccine (1986)

Tissue PlasminogenActivator (1987)

Human GrowthHormone (1985)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1248

Institut Life Technologies

12

Ainrsquot there a cure to the

downstream bottleneck blues

Dave Arcari

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1348

Institut Life Technologies

13

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part I)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

A reflectiondebate has been started on the ability of existing DSP technologies to keep up with theincreasing performance of biopharmaceutical processes

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1448

Institut Life Technologies

14

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part II)

According to some theproblem is mostly one ofproper capacityestimation at the

development stage

However practicalconsiderations tend toshow that it is not thatsimple

Everyone agrees on onepoint improvements areneeded and alwayswelcome

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1548

Institut Life Technologies

Capacity of Protein A resins used to be sufficient

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 15

R L Fahrner et al Biotechnol Appl Biochem (1993) 30 121 ndash128

Load material was a cell culture mediumwith cells and cell debris removed bytangential flow filtration

It contained a recombinant humanizedmonoclonal antibody (IgG1) produced in

CHO cells at levels of ca 035 [gl]

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1648

Institut Life Technologies

16

The big picture has a name productivity

How to increase Productivity

Increase product titre

Upstream

Reduce run time Upstream

Downstream

Reduce down time

Fermentation Downstream

Increase recovery yield

Downstream

The search is more than everon for quick efficient androbust DSP unit operations ofhigh capacity

YDR

365CP

tt

odPr

P Productivity [g(lyear)]Cprod Product conc [gl]Rt Run time [d]Dt Down time [d]Y Recovery yield [-]

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1748

Institut Life Technologies

17

Single use bioreactors have paved the way

Suppliers Applikon GE Healthcare Kuumlhner MilliporeStedim Wave (and more)

Simple preparation sterile connections no CIP

Reduction of fermentation down time

10-100 L

100-500 L

BIOSTAT reg Cultibag RM

1000 Xcellerex

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1848

Institut Life Technologies

Single use filtration for clarification and virus removal

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 18

Mobius FlexReady for depth filtration

Mobius FlexReady for tangential flow filtration

I i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1948

Institut Life Technologies

19

Chromatography of macromolecules the C-term rules

Macromolecules (proteins polymers

antibodiesDNA polysaccharides)

Small molecules (antibiotics peptidesamino acids hormones sugars)

s

s

uCu

BAH

In the van Deemter equation the C-termis directly related to the mass transferfrom the liquid to the solid phase

Improved mass transfer leads to higher

performance of the column in terms ofcapacity and resolution

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2048

Institut Life Technologies

20

CIM product range

(BIA Separations)

Pall Mustangreg range

(Pall)Sartobindreg product range

(Sartorius Stedim)

Improved mass transfer dynamic binding capacity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Monoliths and membranesoffer chromatographicmedia with greatly improvedmass transfer characteris-

tics due to very low contri-bution of diffusion

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2148

Institut Life Technologies

21

Monoliths Sponge Bob goes chromatographic

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

These matrices were introduced in 1990Theyare synthesized fom glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) and ethylene dimetha-crylate (EDMA)in the presence of porogens and an initiatorFunctional groups are then grafted on thesolid surface-

Separation of myoglobin (1) conalbumin (2) and soybean

trypsin inhibitor (3) at six different flow rates (40 80 120

160 200 and 240 mlmin

Applications separation of peptides proteinsoligonucleotides pDNA RNA and viruses Alsoused as catalytic bed for enzyme reactors

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 848

Institut Life Technologies

8

Textbook DSP Cellmedium separation

Sedimentation

Filtration

Centrifugation

Cell lysis

Bead mill

HP homogenizer

Ultrasound

LL Extraction

Precipitation

Adsorption

Chromatography

Membrane filtration

etc hellip

Centrifugation

Micro- amp Ultrafiltration

Chromatography

DSP in the biopharma

Are we teaching the rightthings

Do we place our focus onthe correct topic(s)

An obsolete view of DSP

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 948

Institut Life Technologies

9

White biotech Citric acid production (gt 106 tonsyear)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Fermentedliquor

Calcium citrateprecipitation

Filtration andwashing

Lime (CaO)

H2SO4

Filtrateto WWTP

Regeneration of

citric acid

Filtration

Gypsumfor disposal

Decolourizingtreatment

Active carbonFiltration

ConcentrationCrystallizationCentrifugation

Mother liquor recycling

PackingSievingDrying

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1048

Institut Life Technologies

10

Production of a monoclonal antibody (a few tonsyear)

copy Pall Corporation 2007

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1148

Institut Life Technologies

11

An obsolete view of DSP

J L DwyerBioTechnology 2 (11) pp 957 [1984]

5 gl1 gl

H W Blanch D S ClarkBiochemical Engineering Dekker 1997

Hepatitis BVaccine (1986)

Tissue PlasminogenActivator (1987)

Human GrowthHormone (1985)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1248

Institut Life Technologies

12

Ainrsquot there a cure to the

downstream bottleneck blues

Dave Arcari

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1348

Institut Life Technologies

13

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part I)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

A reflectiondebate has been started on the ability of existing DSP technologies to keep up with theincreasing performance of biopharmaceutical processes

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1448

Institut Life Technologies

14

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part II)

According to some theproblem is mostly one ofproper capacityestimation at the

development stage

However practicalconsiderations tend toshow that it is not thatsimple

Everyone agrees on onepoint improvements areneeded and alwayswelcome

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1548

Institut Life Technologies

Capacity of Protein A resins used to be sufficient

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 15

R L Fahrner et al Biotechnol Appl Biochem (1993) 30 121 ndash128

Load material was a cell culture mediumwith cells and cell debris removed bytangential flow filtration

It contained a recombinant humanizedmonoclonal antibody (IgG1) produced in

CHO cells at levels of ca 035 [gl]

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1648

Institut Life Technologies

16

The big picture has a name productivity

How to increase Productivity

Increase product titre

Upstream

Reduce run time Upstream

Downstream

Reduce down time

Fermentation Downstream

Increase recovery yield

Downstream

The search is more than everon for quick efficient androbust DSP unit operations ofhigh capacity

YDR

365CP

tt

odPr

P Productivity [g(lyear)]Cprod Product conc [gl]Rt Run time [d]Dt Down time [d]Y Recovery yield [-]

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1748

Institut Life Technologies

17

Single use bioreactors have paved the way

Suppliers Applikon GE Healthcare Kuumlhner MilliporeStedim Wave (and more)

Simple preparation sterile connections no CIP

Reduction of fermentation down time

10-100 L

100-500 L

BIOSTAT reg Cultibag RM

1000 Xcellerex

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1848

Institut Life Technologies

Single use filtration for clarification and virus removal

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 18

Mobius FlexReady for depth filtration

Mobius FlexReady for tangential flow filtration

I i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1948

Institut Life Technologies

19

Chromatography of macromolecules the C-term rules

Macromolecules (proteins polymers

antibodiesDNA polysaccharides)

Small molecules (antibiotics peptidesamino acids hormones sugars)

s

s

uCu

BAH

In the van Deemter equation the C-termis directly related to the mass transferfrom the liquid to the solid phase

Improved mass transfer leads to higher

performance of the column in terms ofcapacity and resolution

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2048

Institut Life Technologies

20

CIM product range

(BIA Separations)

Pall Mustangreg range

(Pall)Sartobindreg product range

(Sartorius Stedim)

Improved mass transfer dynamic binding capacity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Monoliths and membranesoffer chromatographicmedia with greatly improvedmass transfer characteris-

tics due to very low contri-bution of diffusion

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2148

Institut Life Technologies

21

Monoliths Sponge Bob goes chromatographic

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

These matrices were introduced in 1990Theyare synthesized fom glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) and ethylene dimetha-crylate (EDMA)in the presence of porogens and an initiatorFunctional groups are then grafted on thesolid surface-

Separation of myoglobin (1) conalbumin (2) and soybean

trypsin inhibitor (3) at six different flow rates (40 80 120

160 200 and 240 mlmin

Applications separation of peptides proteinsoligonucleotides pDNA RNA and viruses Alsoused as catalytic bed for enzyme reactors

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 948

Institut Life Technologies

9

White biotech Citric acid production (gt 106 tonsyear)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Fermentedliquor

Calcium citrateprecipitation

Filtration andwashing

Lime (CaO)

H2SO4

Filtrateto WWTP

Regeneration of

citric acid

Filtration

Gypsumfor disposal

Decolourizingtreatment

Active carbonFiltration

ConcentrationCrystallizationCentrifugation

Mother liquor recycling

PackingSievingDrying

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1048

Institut Life Technologies

10

Production of a monoclonal antibody (a few tonsyear)

copy Pall Corporation 2007

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1148

Institut Life Technologies

11

An obsolete view of DSP

J L DwyerBioTechnology 2 (11) pp 957 [1984]

5 gl1 gl

H W Blanch D S ClarkBiochemical Engineering Dekker 1997

Hepatitis BVaccine (1986)

Tissue PlasminogenActivator (1987)

Human GrowthHormone (1985)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1248

Institut Life Technologies

12

Ainrsquot there a cure to the

downstream bottleneck blues

Dave Arcari

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1348

Institut Life Technologies

13

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part I)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

A reflectiondebate has been started on the ability of existing DSP technologies to keep up with theincreasing performance of biopharmaceutical processes

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1448

Institut Life Technologies

14

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part II)

According to some theproblem is mostly one ofproper capacityestimation at the

development stage

However practicalconsiderations tend toshow that it is not thatsimple

Everyone agrees on onepoint improvements areneeded and alwayswelcome

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1548

Institut Life Technologies

Capacity of Protein A resins used to be sufficient

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 15

R L Fahrner et al Biotechnol Appl Biochem (1993) 30 121 ndash128

Load material was a cell culture mediumwith cells and cell debris removed bytangential flow filtration

It contained a recombinant humanizedmonoclonal antibody (IgG1) produced in

CHO cells at levels of ca 035 [gl]

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1648

Institut Life Technologies

16

The big picture has a name productivity

How to increase Productivity

Increase product titre

Upstream

Reduce run time Upstream

Downstream

Reduce down time

Fermentation Downstream

Increase recovery yield

Downstream

The search is more than everon for quick efficient androbust DSP unit operations ofhigh capacity

YDR

365CP

tt

odPr

P Productivity [g(lyear)]Cprod Product conc [gl]Rt Run time [d]Dt Down time [d]Y Recovery yield [-]

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1748

Institut Life Technologies

17

Single use bioreactors have paved the way

Suppliers Applikon GE Healthcare Kuumlhner MilliporeStedim Wave (and more)

Simple preparation sterile connections no CIP

Reduction of fermentation down time

10-100 L

100-500 L

BIOSTAT reg Cultibag RM

1000 Xcellerex

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1848

Institut Life Technologies

Single use filtration for clarification and virus removal

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 18

Mobius FlexReady for depth filtration

Mobius FlexReady for tangential flow filtration

I i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1948

Institut Life Technologies

19

Chromatography of macromolecules the C-term rules

Macromolecules (proteins polymers

antibodiesDNA polysaccharides)

Small molecules (antibiotics peptidesamino acids hormones sugars)

s

s

uCu

BAH

In the van Deemter equation the C-termis directly related to the mass transferfrom the liquid to the solid phase

Improved mass transfer leads to higher

performance of the column in terms ofcapacity and resolution

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2048

Institut Life Technologies

20

CIM product range

(BIA Separations)

Pall Mustangreg range

(Pall)Sartobindreg product range

(Sartorius Stedim)

Improved mass transfer dynamic binding capacity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Monoliths and membranesoffer chromatographicmedia with greatly improvedmass transfer characteris-

tics due to very low contri-bution of diffusion

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2148

Institut Life Technologies

21

Monoliths Sponge Bob goes chromatographic

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

These matrices were introduced in 1990Theyare synthesized fom glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) and ethylene dimetha-crylate (EDMA)in the presence of porogens and an initiatorFunctional groups are then grafted on thesolid surface-

Separation of myoglobin (1) conalbumin (2) and soybean

trypsin inhibitor (3) at six different flow rates (40 80 120

160 200 and 240 mlmin

Applications separation of peptides proteinsoligonucleotides pDNA RNA and viruses Alsoused as catalytic bed for enzyme reactors

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1048

Institut Life Technologies

10

Production of a monoclonal antibody (a few tonsyear)

copy Pall Corporation 2007

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1148

Institut Life Technologies

11

An obsolete view of DSP

J L DwyerBioTechnology 2 (11) pp 957 [1984]

5 gl1 gl

H W Blanch D S ClarkBiochemical Engineering Dekker 1997

Hepatitis BVaccine (1986)

Tissue PlasminogenActivator (1987)

Human GrowthHormone (1985)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1248

Institut Life Technologies

12

Ainrsquot there a cure to the

downstream bottleneck blues

Dave Arcari

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1348

Institut Life Technologies

13

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part I)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

A reflectiondebate has been started on the ability of existing DSP technologies to keep up with theincreasing performance of biopharmaceutical processes

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1448

Institut Life Technologies

14

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part II)

According to some theproblem is mostly one ofproper capacityestimation at the

development stage

However practicalconsiderations tend toshow that it is not thatsimple

Everyone agrees on onepoint improvements areneeded and alwayswelcome

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1548

Institut Life Technologies

Capacity of Protein A resins used to be sufficient

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 15

R L Fahrner et al Biotechnol Appl Biochem (1993) 30 121 ndash128

Load material was a cell culture mediumwith cells and cell debris removed bytangential flow filtration

It contained a recombinant humanizedmonoclonal antibody (IgG1) produced in

CHO cells at levels of ca 035 [gl]

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1648

Institut Life Technologies

16

The big picture has a name productivity

How to increase Productivity

Increase product titre

Upstream

Reduce run time Upstream

Downstream

Reduce down time

Fermentation Downstream

Increase recovery yield

Downstream

The search is more than everon for quick efficient androbust DSP unit operations ofhigh capacity

YDR

365CP

tt

odPr

P Productivity [g(lyear)]Cprod Product conc [gl]Rt Run time [d]Dt Down time [d]Y Recovery yield [-]

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1748

Institut Life Technologies

17

Single use bioreactors have paved the way

Suppliers Applikon GE Healthcare Kuumlhner MilliporeStedim Wave (and more)

Simple preparation sterile connections no CIP

Reduction of fermentation down time

10-100 L

100-500 L

BIOSTAT reg Cultibag RM

1000 Xcellerex

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1848

Institut Life Technologies

Single use filtration for clarification and virus removal

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 18

Mobius FlexReady for depth filtration

Mobius FlexReady for tangential flow filtration

I i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1948

Institut Life Technologies

19

Chromatography of macromolecules the C-term rules

Macromolecules (proteins polymers

antibodiesDNA polysaccharides)

Small molecules (antibiotics peptidesamino acids hormones sugars)

s

s

uCu

BAH

In the van Deemter equation the C-termis directly related to the mass transferfrom the liquid to the solid phase

Improved mass transfer leads to higher

performance of the column in terms ofcapacity and resolution

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2048

Institut Life Technologies

20

CIM product range

(BIA Separations)

Pall Mustangreg range

(Pall)Sartobindreg product range

(Sartorius Stedim)

Improved mass transfer dynamic binding capacity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Monoliths and membranesoffer chromatographicmedia with greatly improvedmass transfer characteris-

tics due to very low contri-bution of diffusion

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2148

Institut Life Technologies

21

Monoliths Sponge Bob goes chromatographic

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

These matrices were introduced in 1990Theyare synthesized fom glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) and ethylene dimetha-crylate (EDMA)in the presence of porogens and an initiatorFunctional groups are then grafted on thesolid surface-

Separation of myoglobin (1) conalbumin (2) and soybean

trypsin inhibitor (3) at six different flow rates (40 80 120

160 200 and 240 mlmin

Applications separation of peptides proteinsoligonucleotides pDNA RNA and viruses Alsoused as catalytic bed for enzyme reactors

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1148

Institut Life Technologies

11

An obsolete view of DSP

J L DwyerBioTechnology 2 (11) pp 957 [1984]

5 gl1 gl

H W Blanch D S ClarkBiochemical Engineering Dekker 1997

Hepatitis BVaccine (1986)

Tissue PlasminogenActivator (1987)

Human GrowthHormone (1985)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1248

Institut Life Technologies

12

Ainrsquot there a cure to the

downstream bottleneck blues

Dave Arcari

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1348

Institut Life Technologies

13

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part I)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

A reflectiondebate has been started on the ability of existing DSP technologies to keep up with theincreasing performance of biopharmaceutical processes

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1448

Institut Life Technologies

14

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part II)

According to some theproblem is mostly one ofproper capacityestimation at the

development stage

However practicalconsiderations tend toshow that it is not thatsimple

Everyone agrees on onepoint improvements areneeded and alwayswelcome

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1548

Institut Life Technologies

Capacity of Protein A resins used to be sufficient

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 15

R L Fahrner et al Biotechnol Appl Biochem (1993) 30 121 ndash128

Load material was a cell culture mediumwith cells and cell debris removed bytangential flow filtration

It contained a recombinant humanizedmonoclonal antibody (IgG1) produced in

CHO cells at levels of ca 035 [gl]

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1648

Institut Life Technologies

16

The big picture has a name productivity

How to increase Productivity

Increase product titre

Upstream

Reduce run time Upstream

Downstream

Reduce down time

Fermentation Downstream

Increase recovery yield

Downstream

The search is more than everon for quick efficient androbust DSP unit operations ofhigh capacity

YDR

365CP

tt

odPr

P Productivity [g(lyear)]Cprod Product conc [gl]Rt Run time [d]Dt Down time [d]Y Recovery yield [-]

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1748

Institut Life Technologies

17

Single use bioreactors have paved the way

Suppliers Applikon GE Healthcare Kuumlhner MilliporeStedim Wave (and more)

Simple preparation sterile connections no CIP

Reduction of fermentation down time

10-100 L

100-500 L

BIOSTAT reg Cultibag RM

1000 Xcellerex

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1848

Institut Life Technologies

Single use filtration for clarification and virus removal

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 18

Mobius FlexReady for depth filtration

Mobius FlexReady for tangential flow filtration

I i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1948

Institut Life Technologies

19

Chromatography of macromolecules the C-term rules

Macromolecules (proteins polymers

antibodiesDNA polysaccharides)

Small molecules (antibiotics peptidesamino acids hormones sugars)

s

s

uCu

BAH

In the van Deemter equation the C-termis directly related to the mass transferfrom the liquid to the solid phase

Improved mass transfer leads to higher

performance of the column in terms ofcapacity and resolution

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2048

Institut Life Technologies

20

CIM product range

(BIA Separations)

Pall Mustangreg range

(Pall)Sartobindreg product range

(Sartorius Stedim)

Improved mass transfer dynamic binding capacity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Monoliths and membranesoffer chromatographicmedia with greatly improvedmass transfer characteris-

tics due to very low contri-bution of diffusion

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2148

Institut Life Technologies

21

Monoliths Sponge Bob goes chromatographic

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

These matrices were introduced in 1990Theyare synthesized fom glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) and ethylene dimetha-crylate (EDMA)in the presence of porogens and an initiatorFunctional groups are then grafted on thesolid surface-

Separation of myoglobin (1) conalbumin (2) and soybean

trypsin inhibitor (3) at six different flow rates (40 80 120

160 200 and 240 mlmin

Applications separation of peptides proteinsoligonucleotides pDNA RNA and viruses Alsoused as catalytic bed for enzyme reactors

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1248

Institut Life Technologies

12

Ainrsquot there a cure to the

downstream bottleneck blues

Dave Arcari

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1348

Institut Life Technologies

13

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part I)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

A reflectiondebate has been started on the ability of existing DSP technologies to keep up with theincreasing performance of biopharmaceutical processes

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1448

Institut Life Technologies

14

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part II)

According to some theproblem is mostly one ofproper capacityestimation at the

development stage

However practicalconsiderations tend toshow that it is not thatsimple

Everyone agrees on onepoint improvements areneeded and alwayswelcome

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1548

Institut Life Technologies

Capacity of Protein A resins used to be sufficient

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 15

R L Fahrner et al Biotechnol Appl Biochem (1993) 30 121 ndash128

Load material was a cell culture mediumwith cells and cell debris removed bytangential flow filtration

It contained a recombinant humanizedmonoclonal antibody (IgG1) produced in

CHO cells at levels of ca 035 [gl]

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1648

Institut Life Technologies

16

The big picture has a name productivity

How to increase Productivity

Increase product titre

Upstream

Reduce run time Upstream

Downstream

Reduce down time

Fermentation Downstream

Increase recovery yield

Downstream

The search is more than everon for quick efficient androbust DSP unit operations ofhigh capacity

YDR

365CP

tt

odPr

P Productivity [g(lyear)]Cprod Product conc [gl]Rt Run time [d]Dt Down time [d]Y Recovery yield [-]

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1748

Institut Life Technologies

17

Single use bioreactors have paved the way

Suppliers Applikon GE Healthcare Kuumlhner MilliporeStedim Wave (and more)

Simple preparation sterile connections no CIP

Reduction of fermentation down time

10-100 L

100-500 L

BIOSTAT reg Cultibag RM

1000 Xcellerex

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1848

Institut Life Technologies

Single use filtration for clarification and virus removal

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 18

Mobius FlexReady for depth filtration

Mobius FlexReady for tangential flow filtration

I i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1948

Institut Life Technologies

19

Chromatography of macromolecules the C-term rules

Macromolecules (proteins polymers

antibodiesDNA polysaccharides)

Small molecules (antibiotics peptidesamino acids hormones sugars)

s

s

uCu

BAH

In the van Deemter equation the C-termis directly related to the mass transferfrom the liquid to the solid phase

Improved mass transfer leads to higher

performance of the column in terms ofcapacity and resolution

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2048

Institut Life Technologies

20

CIM product range

(BIA Separations)

Pall Mustangreg range

(Pall)Sartobindreg product range

(Sartorius Stedim)

Improved mass transfer dynamic binding capacity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Monoliths and membranesoffer chromatographicmedia with greatly improvedmass transfer characteris-

tics due to very low contri-bution of diffusion

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2148

Institut Life Technologies

21

Monoliths Sponge Bob goes chromatographic

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

These matrices were introduced in 1990Theyare synthesized fom glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) and ethylene dimetha-crylate (EDMA)in the presence of porogens and an initiatorFunctional groups are then grafted on thesolid surface-

Separation of myoglobin (1) conalbumin (2) and soybean

trypsin inhibitor (3) at six different flow rates (40 80 120

160 200 and 240 mlmin

Applications separation of peptides proteinsoligonucleotides pDNA RNA and viruses Alsoused as catalytic bed for enzyme reactors

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1348

Institut Life Technologies

13

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part I)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

A reflectiondebate has been started on the ability of existing DSP technologies to keep up with theincreasing performance of biopharmaceutical processes

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1448

Institut Life Technologies

14

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part II)

According to some theproblem is mostly one ofproper capacityestimation at the

development stage

However practicalconsiderations tend toshow that it is not thatsimple

Everyone agrees on onepoint improvements areneeded and alwayswelcome

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1548

Institut Life Technologies

Capacity of Protein A resins used to be sufficient

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 15

R L Fahrner et al Biotechnol Appl Biochem (1993) 30 121 ndash128

Load material was a cell culture mediumwith cells and cell debris removed bytangential flow filtration

It contained a recombinant humanizedmonoclonal antibody (IgG1) produced in

CHO cells at levels of ca 035 [gl]

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1648

Institut Life Technologies

16

The big picture has a name productivity

How to increase Productivity

Increase product titre

Upstream

Reduce run time Upstream

Downstream

Reduce down time

Fermentation Downstream

Increase recovery yield

Downstream

The search is more than everon for quick efficient androbust DSP unit operations ofhigh capacity

YDR

365CP

tt

odPr

P Productivity [g(lyear)]Cprod Product conc [gl]Rt Run time [d]Dt Down time [d]Y Recovery yield [-]

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1748

Institut Life Technologies

17

Single use bioreactors have paved the way

Suppliers Applikon GE Healthcare Kuumlhner MilliporeStedim Wave (and more)

Simple preparation sterile connections no CIP

Reduction of fermentation down time

10-100 L

100-500 L

BIOSTAT reg Cultibag RM

1000 Xcellerex

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1848

Institut Life Technologies

Single use filtration for clarification and virus removal

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 18

Mobius FlexReady for depth filtration

Mobius FlexReady for tangential flow filtration

I i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1948

Institut Life Technologies

19

Chromatography of macromolecules the C-term rules

Macromolecules (proteins polymers

antibodiesDNA polysaccharides)

Small molecules (antibiotics peptidesamino acids hormones sugars)

s

s

uCu

BAH

In the van Deemter equation the C-termis directly related to the mass transferfrom the liquid to the solid phase

Improved mass transfer leads to higher

performance of the column in terms ofcapacity and resolution

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2048

Institut Life Technologies

20

CIM product range

(BIA Separations)

Pall Mustangreg range

(Pall)Sartobindreg product range

(Sartorius Stedim)

Improved mass transfer dynamic binding capacity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Monoliths and membranesoffer chromatographicmedia with greatly improvedmass transfer characteris-

tics due to very low contri-bution of diffusion

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2148

Institut Life Technologies

21

Monoliths Sponge Bob goes chromatographic

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

These matrices were introduced in 1990Theyare synthesized fom glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) and ethylene dimetha-crylate (EDMA)in the presence of porogens and an initiatorFunctional groups are then grafted on thesolid surface-

Separation of myoglobin (1) conalbumin (2) and soybean

trypsin inhibitor (3) at six different flow rates (40 80 120

160 200 and 240 mlmin

Applications separation of peptides proteinsoligonucleotides pDNA RNA and viruses Alsoused as catalytic bed for enzyme reactors

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1448

Institut Life Technologies

14

laquo DSP bottleneck raquo hellip Is it really there (Part II)

According to some theproblem is mostly one ofproper capacityestimation at the

development stage

However practicalconsiderations tend toshow that it is not thatsimple

Everyone agrees on onepoint improvements areneeded and alwayswelcome

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1548

Institut Life Technologies

Capacity of Protein A resins used to be sufficient

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 15

R L Fahrner et al Biotechnol Appl Biochem (1993) 30 121 ndash128

Load material was a cell culture mediumwith cells and cell debris removed bytangential flow filtration

It contained a recombinant humanizedmonoclonal antibody (IgG1) produced in

CHO cells at levels of ca 035 [gl]

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1648

Institut Life Technologies

16

The big picture has a name productivity

How to increase Productivity

Increase product titre

Upstream

Reduce run time Upstream

Downstream

Reduce down time

Fermentation Downstream

Increase recovery yield

Downstream

The search is more than everon for quick efficient androbust DSP unit operations ofhigh capacity

YDR

365CP

tt

odPr

P Productivity [g(lyear)]Cprod Product conc [gl]Rt Run time [d]Dt Down time [d]Y Recovery yield [-]

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1748

Institut Life Technologies

17

Single use bioreactors have paved the way

Suppliers Applikon GE Healthcare Kuumlhner MilliporeStedim Wave (and more)

Simple preparation sterile connections no CIP

Reduction of fermentation down time

10-100 L

100-500 L

BIOSTAT reg Cultibag RM

1000 Xcellerex

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1848

Institut Life Technologies

Single use filtration for clarification and virus removal

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 18

Mobius FlexReady for depth filtration

Mobius FlexReady for tangential flow filtration

I i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1948

Institut Life Technologies

19

Chromatography of macromolecules the C-term rules

Macromolecules (proteins polymers

antibodiesDNA polysaccharides)

Small molecules (antibiotics peptidesamino acids hormones sugars)

s

s

uCu

BAH

In the van Deemter equation the C-termis directly related to the mass transferfrom the liquid to the solid phase

Improved mass transfer leads to higher

performance of the column in terms ofcapacity and resolution

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2048

Institut Life Technologies

20

CIM product range

(BIA Separations)

Pall Mustangreg range

(Pall)Sartobindreg product range

(Sartorius Stedim)

Improved mass transfer dynamic binding capacity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Monoliths and membranesoffer chromatographicmedia with greatly improvedmass transfer characteris-

tics due to very low contri-bution of diffusion

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2148

Institut Life Technologies

21

Monoliths Sponge Bob goes chromatographic

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

These matrices were introduced in 1990Theyare synthesized fom glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) and ethylene dimetha-crylate (EDMA)in the presence of porogens and an initiatorFunctional groups are then grafted on thesolid surface-

Separation of myoglobin (1) conalbumin (2) and soybean

trypsin inhibitor (3) at six different flow rates (40 80 120

160 200 and 240 mlmin

Applications separation of peptides proteinsoligonucleotides pDNA RNA and viruses Alsoused as catalytic bed for enzyme reactors

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1548

Institut Life Technologies

Capacity of Protein A resins used to be sufficient

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 15

R L Fahrner et al Biotechnol Appl Biochem (1993) 30 121 ndash128

Load material was a cell culture mediumwith cells and cell debris removed bytangential flow filtration

It contained a recombinant humanizedmonoclonal antibody (IgG1) produced in

CHO cells at levels of ca 035 [gl]

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1648

Institut Life Technologies

16

The big picture has a name productivity

How to increase Productivity

Increase product titre

Upstream

Reduce run time Upstream

Downstream

Reduce down time

Fermentation Downstream

Increase recovery yield

Downstream

The search is more than everon for quick efficient androbust DSP unit operations ofhigh capacity

YDR

365CP

tt

odPr

P Productivity [g(lyear)]Cprod Product conc [gl]Rt Run time [d]Dt Down time [d]Y Recovery yield [-]

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1748

Institut Life Technologies

17

Single use bioreactors have paved the way

Suppliers Applikon GE Healthcare Kuumlhner MilliporeStedim Wave (and more)

Simple preparation sterile connections no CIP

Reduction of fermentation down time

10-100 L

100-500 L

BIOSTAT reg Cultibag RM

1000 Xcellerex

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1848

Institut Life Technologies

Single use filtration for clarification and virus removal

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 18

Mobius FlexReady for depth filtration

Mobius FlexReady for tangential flow filtration

I i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1948

Institut Life Technologies

19

Chromatography of macromolecules the C-term rules

Macromolecules (proteins polymers

antibodiesDNA polysaccharides)

Small molecules (antibiotics peptidesamino acids hormones sugars)

s

s

uCu

BAH

In the van Deemter equation the C-termis directly related to the mass transferfrom the liquid to the solid phase

Improved mass transfer leads to higher

performance of the column in terms ofcapacity and resolution

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2048

Institut Life Technologies

20

CIM product range

(BIA Separations)

Pall Mustangreg range

(Pall)Sartobindreg product range

(Sartorius Stedim)

Improved mass transfer dynamic binding capacity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Monoliths and membranesoffer chromatographicmedia with greatly improvedmass transfer characteris-

tics due to very low contri-bution of diffusion

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2148

Institut Life Technologies

21

Monoliths Sponge Bob goes chromatographic

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

These matrices were introduced in 1990Theyare synthesized fom glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) and ethylene dimetha-crylate (EDMA)in the presence of porogens and an initiatorFunctional groups are then grafted on thesolid surface-

Separation of myoglobin (1) conalbumin (2) and soybean

trypsin inhibitor (3) at six different flow rates (40 80 120

160 200 and 240 mlmin

Applications separation of peptides proteinsoligonucleotides pDNA RNA and viruses Alsoused as catalytic bed for enzyme reactors

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1648

Institut Life Technologies

16

The big picture has a name productivity

How to increase Productivity

Increase product titre

Upstream

Reduce run time Upstream

Downstream

Reduce down time

Fermentation Downstream

Increase recovery yield

Downstream

The search is more than everon for quick efficient androbust DSP unit operations ofhigh capacity

YDR

365CP

tt

odPr

P Productivity [g(lyear)]Cprod Product conc [gl]Rt Run time [d]Dt Down time [d]Y Recovery yield [-]

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1748

Institut Life Technologies

17

Single use bioreactors have paved the way

Suppliers Applikon GE Healthcare Kuumlhner MilliporeStedim Wave (and more)

Simple preparation sterile connections no CIP

Reduction of fermentation down time

10-100 L

100-500 L

BIOSTAT reg Cultibag RM

1000 Xcellerex

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1848

Institut Life Technologies

Single use filtration for clarification and virus removal

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 18

Mobius FlexReady for depth filtration

Mobius FlexReady for tangential flow filtration

I i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1948

Institut Life Technologies

19

Chromatography of macromolecules the C-term rules

Macromolecules (proteins polymers

antibodiesDNA polysaccharides)

Small molecules (antibiotics peptidesamino acids hormones sugars)

s

s

uCu

BAH

In the van Deemter equation the C-termis directly related to the mass transferfrom the liquid to the solid phase

Improved mass transfer leads to higher

performance of the column in terms ofcapacity and resolution

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2048

Institut Life Technologies

20

CIM product range

(BIA Separations)

Pall Mustangreg range

(Pall)Sartobindreg product range

(Sartorius Stedim)

Improved mass transfer dynamic binding capacity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Monoliths and membranesoffer chromatographicmedia with greatly improvedmass transfer characteris-

tics due to very low contri-bution of diffusion

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2148

Institut Life Technologies

21

Monoliths Sponge Bob goes chromatographic

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

These matrices were introduced in 1990Theyare synthesized fom glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) and ethylene dimetha-crylate (EDMA)in the presence of porogens and an initiatorFunctional groups are then grafted on thesolid surface-

Separation of myoglobin (1) conalbumin (2) and soybean

trypsin inhibitor (3) at six different flow rates (40 80 120

160 200 and 240 mlmin

Applications separation of peptides proteinsoligonucleotides pDNA RNA and viruses Alsoused as catalytic bed for enzyme reactors

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1748

Institut Life Technologies

17

Single use bioreactors have paved the way

Suppliers Applikon GE Healthcare Kuumlhner MilliporeStedim Wave (and more)

Simple preparation sterile connections no CIP

Reduction of fermentation down time

10-100 L

100-500 L

BIOSTAT reg Cultibag RM

1000 Xcellerex

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1848

Institut Life Technologies

Single use filtration for clarification and virus removal

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 18

Mobius FlexReady for depth filtration

Mobius FlexReady for tangential flow filtration

I i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1948

Institut Life Technologies

19

Chromatography of macromolecules the C-term rules

Macromolecules (proteins polymers

antibodiesDNA polysaccharides)

Small molecules (antibiotics peptidesamino acids hormones sugars)

s

s

uCu

BAH

In the van Deemter equation the C-termis directly related to the mass transferfrom the liquid to the solid phase

Improved mass transfer leads to higher

performance of the column in terms ofcapacity and resolution

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2048

Institut Life Technologies

20

CIM product range

(BIA Separations)

Pall Mustangreg range

(Pall)Sartobindreg product range

(Sartorius Stedim)

Improved mass transfer dynamic binding capacity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Monoliths and membranesoffer chromatographicmedia with greatly improvedmass transfer characteris-

tics due to very low contri-bution of diffusion

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2148

Institut Life Technologies

21

Monoliths Sponge Bob goes chromatographic

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

These matrices were introduced in 1990Theyare synthesized fom glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) and ethylene dimetha-crylate (EDMA)in the presence of porogens and an initiatorFunctional groups are then grafted on thesolid surface-

Separation of myoglobin (1) conalbumin (2) and soybean

trypsin inhibitor (3) at six different flow rates (40 80 120

160 200 and 240 mlmin

Applications separation of peptides proteinsoligonucleotides pDNA RNA and viruses Alsoused as catalytic bed for enzyme reactors

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1848

Institut Life Technologies

Single use filtration for clarification and virus removal

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 18

Mobius FlexReady for depth filtration

Mobius FlexReady for tangential flow filtration

I i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1948

Institut Life Technologies

19

Chromatography of macromolecules the C-term rules

Macromolecules (proteins polymers

antibodiesDNA polysaccharides)

Small molecules (antibiotics peptidesamino acids hormones sugars)

s

s

uCu

BAH

In the van Deemter equation the C-termis directly related to the mass transferfrom the liquid to the solid phase

Improved mass transfer leads to higher

performance of the column in terms ofcapacity and resolution

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2048

Institut Life Technologies

20

CIM product range

(BIA Separations)

Pall Mustangreg range

(Pall)Sartobindreg product range

(Sartorius Stedim)

Improved mass transfer dynamic binding capacity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Monoliths and membranesoffer chromatographicmedia with greatly improvedmass transfer characteris-

tics due to very low contri-bution of diffusion

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2148

Institut Life Technologies

21

Monoliths Sponge Bob goes chromatographic

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

These matrices were introduced in 1990Theyare synthesized fom glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) and ethylene dimetha-crylate (EDMA)in the presence of porogens and an initiatorFunctional groups are then grafted on thesolid surface-

Separation of myoglobin (1) conalbumin (2) and soybean

trypsin inhibitor (3) at six different flow rates (40 80 120

160 200 and 240 mlmin

Applications separation of peptides proteinsoligonucleotides pDNA RNA and viruses Alsoused as catalytic bed for enzyme reactors

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 1948

Institut Life Technologies

19

Chromatography of macromolecules the C-term rules

Macromolecules (proteins polymers

antibodiesDNA polysaccharides)

Small molecules (antibiotics peptidesamino acids hormones sugars)

s

s

uCu

BAH

In the van Deemter equation the C-termis directly related to the mass transferfrom the liquid to the solid phase

Improved mass transfer leads to higher

performance of the column in terms ofcapacity and resolution

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2048

Institut Life Technologies

20

CIM product range

(BIA Separations)

Pall Mustangreg range

(Pall)Sartobindreg product range

(Sartorius Stedim)

Improved mass transfer dynamic binding capacity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Monoliths and membranesoffer chromatographicmedia with greatly improvedmass transfer characteris-

tics due to very low contri-bution of diffusion

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2148

Institut Life Technologies

21

Monoliths Sponge Bob goes chromatographic

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

These matrices were introduced in 1990Theyare synthesized fom glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) and ethylene dimetha-crylate (EDMA)in the presence of porogens and an initiatorFunctional groups are then grafted on thesolid surface-

Separation of myoglobin (1) conalbumin (2) and soybean

trypsin inhibitor (3) at six different flow rates (40 80 120

160 200 and 240 mlmin

Applications separation of peptides proteinsoligonucleotides pDNA RNA and viruses Alsoused as catalytic bed for enzyme reactors

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2048

Institut Life Technologies

20

CIM product range

(BIA Separations)

Pall Mustangreg range

(Pall)Sartobindreg product range

(Sartorius Stedim)

Improved mass transfer dynamic binding capacity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Monoliths and membranesoffer chromatographicmedia with greatly improvedmass transfer characteris-

tics due to very low contri-bution of diffusion

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2148

Institut Life Technologies

21

Monoliths Sponge Bob goes chromatographic

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

These matrices were introduced in 1990Theyare synthesized fom glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) and ethylene dimetha-crylate (EDMA)in the presence of porogens and an initiatorFunctional groups are then grafted on thesolid surface-

Separation of myoglobin (1) conalbumin (2) and soybean

trypsin inhibitor (3) at six different flow rates (40 80 120

160 200 and 240 mlmin

Applications separation of peptides proteinsoligonucleotides pDNA RNA and viruses Alsoused as catalytic bed for enzyme reactors

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2148

Institut Life Technologies

21

Monoliths Sponge Bob goes chromatographic

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

These matrices were introduced in 1990Theyare synthesized fom glycidyl methacrylate(GMA) and ethylene dimetha-crylate (EDMA)in the presence of porogens and an initiatorFunctional groups are then grafted on thesolid surface-

Separation of myoglobin (1) conalbumin (2) and soybean

trypsin inhibitor (3) at six different flow rates (40 80 120

160 200 and 240 mlmin

Applications separation of peptides proteinsoligonucleotides pDNA RNA and viruses Alsoused as catalytic bed for enzyme reactors

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2248

Institut Life Technologies

Two other types of monoliths hellip

Silica gel based monoliths (Merck ldquoChromolithrdquo)

Polyacrylamide-based monolithic beds (Bio-Rad ldquoUnordquo)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 22

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications

Chromatogram at 1st and

96th

injection

Mostly used for analyticaland small-scale preparativeapplications (up to 200 mgprotein)

I tit t

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2348

Institut Life Technologies

23

Membrane chromatography

Most usual chromatography laquo chemistries raquo (ion exchangeaffinity etc hellip) can be grafted on membranes which then playthe role of stationary phases

These modules are then used like a chromatographic column

They can be sanitized for multiple applications

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2448

Institut Life Technologies

Membrane chromatography most salliant features

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 24

Dynamic binding capactiy (DBC) is maintained over alarge range of flowrates

DBC and chromatogram are not much affected bymodule size (simplified scale-up)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2548

Institut Life Technologies

25

For lab-scale evaluation Wedgereg radial

column from Sepragen Corporation

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSPSepragen Superfloreg RFC Column

Improve mass transfer and productivity radial flowchromatography (RFC)

Principle of radial flow chromatography

Eluate

Separationlength

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

F e e d

Worth mentioning standardchromatography resins canbe used in the RFC columns

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2648

Institut Life Technologies

Proxcys CRIO-MD annular chromatography

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 26

Wedge-shaped column for small-scale developments

In situ capture of target molecule from broth

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2748

Institut Life Technologies

2703092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Shorter processing time Expanded Bed Adsorption

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 500 1000 1500

E x p a n s i o n

d e g r

e e

[ - ]

Fluid velocity [cmh]

Streamline

Amberlite IRA 410

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2848

Institut Life Technologies

HGMF (12) chromatography without column

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 28

HGMF High Gradient Magnetic Fishing

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

The same chemistry as the one used for laquo classical raquochromatography resins can be applied to the magnetic particles

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 2948

Institut Life Technologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 29

HGMF (22) design of a separation system

copy K E Ottow DTU PhD thesis 2009

Implementation is simpleTechnology is easy to scale-upParticles can be very small efficient mass transfer

no pressure drop (no packed bed)

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3048

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (12) SMB(+)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 30

BioSMBreg

SMB unit for the separation of a mixture into

three fractions (M Mazzottirsquos group ETHZ)

(+) Simulated Moving Bed chromatography

SMB installation connection diagram

SMB is not a new development

Despite a complex design it has found numerous applications in theoil industry sugar refining antibiotics purification racemateseparations etc hellip

Although best suited for two-component separations it hasinteresting potential for more complex mixtures such asencountered in biotechnological applications

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3148

Institut Life Technologies

In case you had a doubt on SMBrsquos up-scaleability hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 31

Novasep Sequential Simulated Moving BedChromatography Applexion SSMB

Outotec SepTor SMB installationfor the purification of APIs

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3248

Institut Life Technologies

Make chromatography continuous (22) CAC(X)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 32

(X) Continuous Annular Chromatography

Chromatography is by nature adiscontinuous process

Continous Annular Chromatography(CAC) offers the possibility ofcontinuously feeding the columnwith a mixture at a fixed point

The solutes migrate and separatewhile the solid phase rotates Thedifferent analytes will then exit thecolumn at a point that can bedetermined from their retention time

and the column rotation speed

Prior Engineering is one of the onlysuppliers for such systems

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3348

Institut Life Technologies

33

Integrated bioprocesses fermentation and DSP combined

in situ product recovery (ISPR)

D Stark et al Biotechnology and Bioengineering 83 (4) 376-385 (2003)

A toxic or inhibitory product isextracted into liquid-core microca-psules already during the produc-tion phase thereby improvingbiomass viability and increasingproductivity

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3448

Institut Life Technologies

One more example hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 34

T Kaumlppler et al Biotechno0logy amp Bioengineering 102 (2) 535-545 2009

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3548

Institut Life Technologies

Radial chromatography with a twist for ISPR

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 35

Axcis columns combine 3 unit operations in one

bull Centrifugal forcesbull Microfiltrationbull Adsorptive chromatography

The mixture is then clarified and the targetmolecule concentrated and purified in one single

ldquochromatographicrdquo step

Further the Axcis columns are compatible with allstandard packed bed process-chromatographyresins

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3648

Institut Life Technologies

Process Analytical Technology applied to DSP

The PAT guidelines proposed by the FDA aim at a bettercontrol and understanding of biotechnology processes

In the case of DSP this can be achieved by on-line

monitoring of target substances and main contaminants Shorter analytical response times can certainly help

improve the productivity of purification trains be it onlyby a reduction of down times

Some examples have been found in the literature thatillustrate the above considerations drying of APIs real-time monitoring of crystallization breakthrough of targetmolecule out of a Protein A adsorption step

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 36

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3748

Institut Life Technologies

Spectroscopic monitoring of crystallization

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 37

Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Ind Eng Chem Res 47 4870-4882 2008Cornel J Lindenberg C Mazzotti M Cryst Growth Des 9 (1) 243-252 2009

ATR-FTIR = Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform InfraRedFBRM = Focused Beam Reflectance Measurements Raman

Using such techniques as

ATR-FTIT and FBRM coupledwith chemometric datatreatment the onset of thecrystallization process as wellas the composition of thesolid and liquid phases can be

monitored in real-time

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3848

st tutLife Technologies

The ABC(1) approach The revenge of neglectedtechnologies

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 38

(1) Anything But Chromatography

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 3948

Life Technologies

39

Protein extraction aqueous two-phase systems

GB Ferreira et al Braz Arch Biol

Technol 50 (3) 557-564 (2007)

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

bull Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer gentle conditions for the extraction of proteins

bull Their components are not expensive mass transfer is very rapid and scaling-up is easy

bull The partition of the molecule can be influenced by type of ATPS pH ionic strength hellip

bull Affinity ligands can be grafted on the ATPS constituents to improve selectivity and yields

Figure 2 - Response surface showing the influence ofpH and tie line length (TL) on part coefficient K

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4048

Life Technologies

Smart polymers and affinity precipitation

Precipitation is simple low-cost and easily scalable

Many precipitating agents are known and characterized

Precipitation selectivity is usually low but can beimproved by grafting affinity ligands on polymers

Smart (responsive) polymers undergo precipitation uponslight modifications of temperature or pH

Applications include biocatalysis isolation of proteins hellip

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 40

Institut

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4148

Life Technologies

Conclusion and outlook

DSP has to catch up with the dramatic increase inproductivity of modern biopharmaceutical processes

A lot can certainly be done by following a PAT approach toDSP (shorter response times optimal use of capacity)

Use of disposable separation components can probablyhelp reduce cycle time

New techniques such as improved stationary phasesmonolith amp membrane chromatography have potential

Revamping of neglected low-costhigh capacitytechniques such as precipitation look promising

The industry is very conservative and evolution is slow butunavoidable

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 41

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4248

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 42

grazie per la vostra attenzione

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4348

Life Technologies

18092008 Downstream processing for biotechnology 43

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4448

Life Technologies

44

University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland - Valais

HES-SO Valais Wallis

Systems Engineering Life Technologies

Analytical chemistryFood technologyBiotechnology

InfotronicsPower amp Control

Materials amp Design

SierreEconomics amp Services

SionEngineering Sciences

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4548

Life Technologies

45

Chemistry Food Technology and Biotechnology22 years of co-existence under one single roof

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

httpwwwhevsch

httpitvhevsch

Institut Lif T h l i

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4648

Life Technologies

46

Biotech at the HES-SO Valais (and in many other places)

Genetic engineering

Activity screening

from DNA to products

Downstreamprocessing

Bioprocessing

Enzymatic catalysis

Chemical amp Bioanalytics

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4748

Life Technologies

Meet the biotech crew

Dr Sergio Schmid head of biotech unit molecular biology Dr Kurt Eyer professor bioprocessing

Dr Fabian Fischer professor enzymatic catalysis

Dr Marc Pfeifer professor bioanalytics and diagnostics

Dr Simon Crelier professor downstream processing Dr Isabelle Krasniewski bioprocessing

Dr Sarah Wegmuumlller molecular biology

Christel Forreacute Ing HES molecular biology biochemistry

Julien Pott Ing HES bioprocessing downstream processing

Anne Walker dipl Natw ETH molecular biology cell culture

Gordana Pistoletti technician molecular biology up- amp downstream

Remy Dufresne Ing HES downstream processing

+ research assistants BScMSc students visiting students

03092010 Trends and trend setters in DSP 47

Institut Life Technologies

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip

832019 Crelier DSP Trends

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullcrelier-dsp-trends 4848

Life Technologies

So if you want to reach new (academic) heights hellip