criminal justice test review. 5 th amendment which amendment allows the accused due process (fair...
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Criminal Justice Test Review
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5th amendment
• Which amendment allows the accused due process (fair treatment), the right to a grand jury, and the right not to be forced to incriminate themselves?
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People to settle disagreements in court
• Civil law provides a way for…?
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Victimless Crimes
• Acts that primarily hurt the people who commit them, such as gambling or drug use.
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He or she could be found guilty of running away, skipping school, disobedience, etc.
• Why would a juvenile be considered a status offender?
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Criminal Law
Criminal, Civil or Juvenile?• Protects society by punishing people who
break the law.
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14th amendment
• Which amendment to the Constitution states that laws must be applied fairly to all people?
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Suing a store owner
• What is an example of the use of civil law?
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Boot Camps
• Offenders sentenced to this live in military-style barracks and undergo rigorous physical and behavioral training for three to six months.
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Preliminary hearing, indictment, arraignment, jury selection
• What are the proceedings following an arrest?
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Personal assets obtained from or used in a criminal enterprise.
• Asset forfeiture consists of the government’s seizing of:
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They have no reasonable doubt about the defendant’s guilt.
• In order for members of a jury to return a verdict of guilty, what must they decide?
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Community Service
• Paying the community back for harm done through work that benefits the public
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subpoena
• Court order signed by a judge or prosecutor requiring the presence of someone or something in a court on a specific date and time.
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House Arrest
• An offender sentenced to this must spend all or most of the day at home. Compliance is enforced in some states by requiring the offender to wear a small transmitter on the wrist or ankle, which sends electronic signals to monitoring units.
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Death Penalty
• Known as “capital punishment”.
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The accused has the right to have an attorney
• The adjudicatory hearing of a juvenile is similar to the criminal trial of an adult in that
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Killing by accident
• What is manslaughter?
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6th amendment
• Which amendment gives the accused the right to a speedy and public trial, the right to a lawyer, and the right to be told what crimes they have been charged with?
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Dispositional hearing
• A judge determines the sentence of a juvenile at what type of hearing?
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indictment
• Formal charge against the accused
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Crimes against people
• Acts that threaten, hurt, or end a person’s life are which category of crime?
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arraignment
• Court hearing in which the defendant is formally charged with a crime and enters a plea of guilty, not guilty, or no contest.
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Could cause fear, injury or loss. Could leave victims with a search for justice.
• How does crime impact a victim?
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misdemeanor
• Less serious crime for which the penalty is often a fine.
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Plea bargaining
• Most criminal cases never go to trial and are instead resolved by
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Probation
• The most frequently used criminal sanction, is a sentence that an offender serves in the community in lieu of incarceration.
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Have a warrant or be able to show probable cause.
• Before making an arrest, the arresting office must…
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Miranda Warning
• Police tell the person being arrested that he or she has the right to remain silent and the right to a lawyer.
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parole
• Letting a prison inmate go free to serve the rest of his or her sentence outside of prison is called
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felony
• Serious crime for which the penalty can be imprisonment for more than one year.
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A crime has been committed and that there is evidence against the accused.
• During a preliminary hearing, the prosecutor must prove that…
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Protect citizens and their rights
• Criminal law and civil law both……????
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crime
• Any behavior that is illegal because the government considers it harmful to society is considered
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Scarlet Letter
• Punishing by shaming provides a morally satisfying alternative to punishment.
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restitution
• Requires an offender pay money to a victim
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Investigation/warrant, arrest, initial hearing, trial, sentencing, appeal.
• Correctly order the steps in a criminal trial.
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Hung jury
• A jury that cannot agree on a verdict
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Crimes Against Property
• This category of crime occurs more often than any other crimes. Most involve stealing.
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alibi
• A reason why a defendant could not have done what they are accused of doing is a…?
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bailiff
• The law enforcement officer responsible for order and security in a courtroom is known as?
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FBI and the Census Bureau.
• Crime statistics in the United States come from two major sources..Name them!
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Juvenile Law
Criminal, Civil or Juvenile?• A legal system for people under the age of 18
that is different in some ways from the adult system.
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Civil Law
Criminal, Civil or Juvenile?• Deals with disputes between individuals,
organizations, or between the two.
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Incarceration
• Jails and Prisons
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ISP (Intensive Supervision Probation)
• Used for offenders needing more supervision. It allows offenders to live in the community but under severe restrictions.
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Crimes against the government
• Treason and terrorism are two examples of this type of crime.
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Fines
• Common for first-time offenders convicted of crimes such as shoplifting, minor drug possession, and traffic violations.
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8th amendment
• Which amendment prohibits cruel and unusual punishment?