crim.rivera

8/13/2019 Crim.rivera

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FIRST DIVISION

ESMERALDO RIVERA, ISMAEL G.R. No. 166326

RIVERA, EDGARDO RIVERA,

Petitioners, Present:

PANGANIBAN, C.J.,Chairperson,

YNARES-SANTIAGO,

AUSTRIA-MARTINEZ,

- versus - CALLEJO, SR., an

C!ICO-NAZARIO,JJ.

Pro"#$%ate:PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES,Res&onent. Jan#ar' (), (**+

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

D E C I S I O N

CALLEJO, SR., J.:

Tis is a &etition or re/ie0 o te 1e2ision [1]o te Co#rt o A&&ea$s

3CA4 in CA-G.R. CR No. (5(6) air"in%, 0it "oii2ation, te

1e2ision[2]o te Re%iona$ Tria$ Co#rt 3RTC4 o Ca/ite, Bran2 7*, in

Cri"ina$ Case No. +7+(-77, entit$ePeople of the Philippines. v. Esmeraldo

Rivera, et al.

On A&ri$ 6(, 6777, an Inor"ation 0as i$e in te RTC o

I"#s, Ca/ite, 2ar%in% Es"era$o, Is"ae$ an E%aro, a$$ s#rna"e

Ri/era, o atte"&te "#rer. Te a22#sator' &ortion o te Inor"ation

reas:
http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2006/jan2006/166326.htm#_ftn1http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2006/jan2006/166326.htm#_ftn2http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2006/jan2006/166326.htm#_ftn2http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2006/jan2006/166326.htm#_ftn1


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Tat on or a8o#t te 9r a' o Ma' 677, in te

M#ni2i&a$it' o 1as"ari;as, Pro/in2e o Ca/ite, Pi$i&&ines, an

0itin te


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area. Es"era$o an Is"ae$ 2ontin#e "a#$in% R#8en. Peo&$e 0o sa0 te

in2ient so#te: ?Awatin sila Awatin sila@ R#8en e$t i' 8#t "ana%e

to stan #&. Is"ae$ tre0 a stone at i", ittin% i" at te 8a2=. >en

&o$i2e"en on 8oar a "o8i$e 2ar arri/e, Es"era$o, Is"ae$ an E%aro

$e to teir o#se.

R#8en 0as 8ro#%t to te os&ita$. !is attenin% &'si2ian, 1r.

La"8erto Ca%in%in, Jr., si%ne a "ei2a$ 2ertii2ate in 0i2 e e2$are

tat R#8en s#staine $a2erate 0o#ns on te &arieta$ area, 2ere8ra$

2on2#ssion or 2ont#sion, e"ato"a on te $et #&&er 8#tto2=s, "#$ti&$e

a8rasions on te $et so#$er an e"ato"a &erior8ita$ $et. [4] Te o2tor

e2$are tat te $a2erate 0o#n in te &arieta$ area 0as s$i%t an

s#&eri2ia$ an 0o#$ ea$ ro" one to se/en a's.[5]

Te o2tor &res2ri8e"ei2ine or R#8ens 8a2= &ain, 0i2 e a to ta=e or one "ont. [6]

Es"era$o testiie tat at aro#n 6:** &.". on Ma' 9, 677, R#8en

arri/e at is o#se an 8an%e te %ate. R#8en 2a$$en%e i" an is

8roters to 2o"e o#t an i%t. >en e 0ent o#t o te o#se an ta$=e to

R#8en, te $atter n2e i". Te' 0rest$e 0it ea2 oter. !e e$$ to

te %ro#n. E%aro arri/e an se R#8en asie. !is 0ie arri/e, an

e 0as $$e a0a' an 8ro#%t to teir o#se.

or is &art, Is"ae$ testiie tat e trie to &a2i' R#8en an is

8roter Es"era$o, 8#t R#8en %ra88e i" 8' te air. !e "ana%e to ree

i"se$ ro" R#8en an te $atter $e. !e 0ent o"e ater0ars. !e i

not see is 8roter E%aro at te s2ene.

E%aro e2$are tat at a8o#t 6:** &.". on Ma' 9, 677, e 0as

tro0in% %ar8a%e in ront o teir o#se. R#8en arri/e an e 0ent insie

te o#se to a/oi a 2onrontation. R#8en 8an%e te %ate an orere i"to %et o#t o teir o#se an e/en treatene to soot i". !is 8roter

Es"era$o 0ent o#t o teir o#se an as=e R#8en 0at te &ro8$e" 0as.
http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2006/jan2006/166326.htm#_ftn4http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2006/jan2006/166326.htm#_ftn5http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2006/jan2006/166326.htm#_ftn6http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2006/jan2006/166326.htm#_ftn4http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2006/jan2006/166326.htm#_ftn5http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2006/jan2006/166326.htm#_ftn6


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A ist i%t ens#e. E%aro r#se o#t o te o#se an se

R#8en asie. R#8en e$$ to te %ro#n. >en e stoo #&, e $$e at

E%aros sirt an air, an, in te &ro2ess, R#8ens ea it te $a"& &ost.

[7]

On A#%#st 9*, (**(, te tria$ 2o#rt renere !EREORE, &re"ises 2onsiere, a$$ te a22#se are

o#n GUILTY 8e'on reasona8$e o#8t an are senten2e to an

i"&rison"ent o si 3+4 'ears an one 364 a' to ei%t 34 'ears

oprision mayoras te &rose2#tion as &ro/e 8e'on reasona8$e

o#8t te 2#$&a8i$it' o te a22#se. Li=e0ise, te a22#se are to&a',


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s#&eri2ia$ 0o#n in te &arieta$ area en2e, te' so#$ 8e e$ 2ri"ina$$'

$ia8$e or &'si2a$ inen I 0as a$rea' $'in% Ho0n , 1a%o$

Ri/era so0e #& 0it a &ie2e o o$$o0 8$o2=

an it "e tri2e on te ea, Sir.

F: An 0at a8o#t te t0o 3(4, 0at 0ere te'

oin% 0en 'o# 0ere it 0it a o$$o0 8$o2= 8'

1a%o$

A: I 0as a$rea' $'in% on te %ro#n an te' =e&t

on 8oin% "e 0i$e 1a%o$ 0as ittin%, Sir.

As ear$ier state 8' 1r. Ca%in%in, a&&e$$ants 2o#$ a/e

=i$$e te /i2ti" a te o$$o0 8$o2= ire2t$' it is ea, an

a te &o$i2e not &ro"&t$' inter/ene so tat te 8roters

s2a"&ere a0a'. >en a 0o#n is not s#i2ient to 2a#se eat,

8#t intent to =i$$ is e/ient, te 2ri"e is atte"&te. Intent to =i$$

0as so0n 8' te a2t tat te 394 8roters e$&e ea2 oter "a#$

te eense$ess /i2ti", an e/en ater e a a$rea' a$$en to te

%ro#n tat one o te" e/en &i2=e #& a 2e"ent o$$o0 8$o2=

an &ro2eee to it te /i2ti" on te ea 0it it tree ti"esan tat it 0as on$' te arri/a$ o te &o$i2e"en tat "ae te

a&&e$$ants esist ro" teir 2on2erte a2t o tr'in% to =i$$ R#8en

Roi$.[10]
http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2006/jan2006/166326.htm#_ftn10http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2006/jan2006/166326.htm#_ftn10


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Te Oi2e o te So$i2itor Genera$ 3OSG4, or its &art, asserts tat te

e2ision o te CA is 2orre2t, t#s:

Te e/ien2e an testi"onies o te &rose2#tion 0itnesses

eeat te &res#"&tion o inno2en2e raise 8' &etitioners. Te2ri"e as 8een 2$ear$' esta8$ise 0it &etitioners as te

&er&etrators. Teir intent to =i$$ is /er' e/ient an 0as

esta8$ise 8e'on reasona8$e o#8t.

E'e0itnesses to te 2ri"e, A$i2ia era Cr# an L#2ita

i$$e


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II, %an%e #& on te /i2ti". Bot A$i2ia era Cr# an L#2ita

i$$e


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8' ire2t or 2ir2#"stantia$ e/ien2e, 0i$e %enera$ 2ri"ina$ intent is

&res#"e ro" te 2o""ission o a e$on' 8' dolo.

InPeople v. !elim,[12]te Co#rt e2$are tat e/ien2e to &ro/e intent

to =i$$ in 2ri"es a%ainst &ersons "a' 2onsist, inter alia, in te "eans #se 8'te "a$ea2tors, te nat#re, $o2ation an n#"8er o 0o#ns s#staine 8' te
http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2006/jan2006/166326.htm#_ftn12http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2006/jan2006/166326.htm#_ftn12


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/i2ti", te 2on#2t o te "a$ea2tors 8eore, at te ti"e, or

i""eiate$' ater te =i$$in% o te /i2ti", te 2ir2#"stan2es #ner 0i2

te 2ri"e 0as 2o""itte an te "oti/es o te a22#se. I te /i2ti" ies

as a res#$t o a e$i8erate a2t o te "a$ea2tors, intent to =i$$ is &res#"e.

In te &resent 2ase, te &rose2#tion "#stere te reK#isite K#ant#" o

e/ien2e to &ro/e te intent o &etitioners to =i$$ R#8en. Es"era$o an

Is"ae$ ""e$e te /i2ti" 0it ist 8$o0s. E/en as R#8en e$$ to te

%ro#n, #na8$e to een i"se$ a%ainst te s#en an s#staine assa#$t o

&etitioners, E%aro it i" tree ti"es 0it a o$$o0 8$o2=. E%aro trie

to it R#8en on te ea, "isse, 8#t sti$$ "ana%e to it te /i2ti" on$' in

te &arieta$ area, res#$tin% in a $a2erate 0o#n an 2ere8ra$ 2ont#sions.

Tat te ea 0o#ns s#staine 8' te /i2ti" 0ere "ere$' s#&eri2ia$

an 2o#$ not a/e &ro#2e is eat oes not ne%ate &etitioners 2ri"ina$

$ia8i$it' or atte"&te "#rer. E/en i E%aro i not it te /i2ti"

sK#are$' on te ea, &etitioners are sti$$ 2ri"ina$$' $ia8$e or atte"&te

"#rer.

Te $ast &ara%ra& o Arti2$e + o te Re/ise Pena$ Coe eines an

atte"&t to 2o""it a e$on', t#s:

Tere is an atte"&t 0en te oener 2o""en2es te

2o""ission o a e$on' ire2t$' 8' o/ert a2ts, an oes not

&eror" a$$ te a2ts o ee2#tion 0i2 so#$ &ro#2e te e$on'

8' reason o so"e 2a#se or a22ient oter tan is o0n

s&ontaneo#s esistan2e.

Te essentia$ e$e"ents o an atte"&te e$on' are as o$$o0s:

6. Te oener 2o""en2es te 2o""ission o tee$on' ire2t$' 8' o/ert a2ts

(. !e oes not &eror" a$$ te a2ts o ee2#tion

0i2 so#$ &ro#2e te e$on'


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9. Te oeners a2t 8e not sto&&e 8' is o0n

s&ontaneo#s esistan2e


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D. Te non-&eror"an2e o a$$ a2ts o ee2#tion 0as

#e to 2a#se or a22ient oter tan is s&ontaneo#s esistan2e. [13]

Te irst reK#isite o an atte"&te e$on' 2onsists o t0o e$e"ents,na"e$':

364 Tat tere 8e eterna$ a2ts

3(4 S#2 eterna$ a2ts a/e ire2t 2onne2tion 0it te

2ri"e intene to 8e 2o""itte.[14]

Te Co#rt inPeople v. "i#ada[15]e$a8orate on te 2on2e&t o an o/ert

or eterna$ a2t, t#s:

An o/ert or eterna$ a2t is eine as so"e &'si2a$

a2ti/it' or ee, ini2atin% te intention to 2o""it a &arti2#$ar

2ri"e, "ore tan a "ere &$annin% or &re&aration, 0i2 i 2arrie

o#t to its 2o"&$ete ter"ination o$$o0in% its nat#ra$ 2o#rse,

0ito#t 8ein% r#strate 8' eterna$ o8sta2$es nor 8' te

s&ontaneo#s esistan2e o te &er&etrator, 0i$$ $o%i2a$$' an

ne2essari$' ri&en into a 2on2rete oense. Te raison d$etreor

te $a0 reK#irin% a ire2t o/ert a2t is tat, in a "a


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In te 2ase at 8ar, &etitioners, 0o a2te in 2on2ert, 2o""en2e te

e$on' o "#rer 8' "a#$in% te /i2ti" an ittin% i" tree ti"es 0it a

o$$o0 8$o2= te' narro0$' "isse ittin% te "i$e &ortion o is ea.

I E%aro a one so, R#8en 0o#$ s#re$' a/e ie.


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>e re


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!en2e, &etitioners so#$ 8e senten2e to s#er an ineter"inate

&ena$t' o ro" t0o 3(4 'ears oprision correccionalin its "ini"#" &erio,

as "ini"#", to nine 374 'ears an o#r 3D4 "onts oprision mayorin its

"ei#" &erio, as "ai"#".

IN LIGHT OF ALL THE FOREGOING, te &etition

is DENIEDor $a2= o "erit. Te 1e2ision o te Co#rt o A&&ea$s

is AFFIRMED WITH THE MODIFICATIONtat &etitioners are

senten2e to s#er an ineter"inate &ena$t' o ro" t0o 3(4 'ears oprision

correccionalin its "ini"#" &erio, as "ini"#", to nine 374 'ears an o#r

3D4 "onts oprision mayorin its "ei#" &erio, as "ai"#". No 2osts.

SO ORDERED

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