critical report (revised)

7/31/2019 Critical Report (Revised)

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er2010

2011

Lecturer: Assoc. Prof

Nguyen Dinh

Private automobiles inSaigon

Group members:

1. Hong Quc Bo

2. Quc Bnh

3. Nguyn Hong Hip

4. Nguyn Ngc Vng Nhi5. Trn Hu Phc

6. Phm Vnh Th

7. Trn c Trung

CRITICAL THINKING

Instructor:

Dr. Nguyn Th Hng Linh


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Summer 2010 2011 [PRIVATE AUTOMOBILES IN SAIGON]

OUTLINE

1) Abstract---------------------------------------------------------------------3

2) Private cars in modern life----------------------------------------4

3) Benefits

Public benefits ---------------------------------------------------------9

Private benefits---------------------------------------------------------12

4)Costs

Public costs -------------------------------------------------------------20

Private costs-------------------------------------------------------------23

5) Solution --------------------------------------------------------------------30

6) Personal idea about buying a car (If I have means)---33

7) Conclusion-----------------------------------------------------------------37

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ABSTRACT

The number of private automobiles in Vietnam, especially in Ho Chi Minh City is

increasing day by day. Besides advantages, automobiles bring more disadvantages such

as traffic congestion, pollution, harmful for health, wasting money The purpose of this

report has been to determine whether private automobiles would be clearly necessity for

Vietnam. This report consists of a brief overview on private automobile in Ho Chi Minh

City, some benefits of using private automobile for individuals and public as well its costs.

This report also suggests some solution to compensate for benefits which are lost due to

the policy of not encouraging private automobiles in Ho Chi Minh City. Besides, some

personal opinions to use the mean which can afford a car for other good purposes will

also be presented in this report. Although car ownership is a common goal of many

people, especially middle-income urban residents, we hope that this report can help them

realize the costs of private automobiles and lead them to use other transportation to limit

the harm of automobiles in life.

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1. PRIVATE CARS IN MODERN LIFE

In the last 6 years, trend of using car for personal needs have become common in

Vietnam in general and Ho Chi Minh City in particular. People, step by step, are aware of

the significant benefits of a private automobile. They think of it as a symbol of status,

success and richness. They buy them to enjoy better travel with private space, safer

travelling conditions, flexibility on timing According to Ho Chi Minh Citys Department of

Transport, the city has 108 new cars registered each day, excluding about 60,000 cars

from other parts of the country which travel into or through the city (September 9, 2009).

According to Transportation and Land Use in Ho Chi Minh City of Ash Institute for

Democratic Governance and Innovation (Harvard Kennedy School) and Fulbright

Economics Teaching Program in July 3, 2008:

Table 1: Explosion of automobiles ownership in HCMC

during 1990s and 2007s:

Year HCMC Pop. Autos

1991 4.25 million 13.5 thousand2000 5.24 million 131.0 thousand2007 6.60 million 399.0 thousand

(202.0 private)

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Obviously, a private automobile can prove that someone is very rich through the

model and brand name he/she uses which is showed through its price.

Table 2:Price of some automobile according its brand name

GM Daewoo Cost(USD)

Spark LS 13.300Spark LT 13.800Spark LT AT 15.300Gentra S 17.600Gentra SX 18.200Lacetti EX 19.900

Lacetti Max 23.100Captiva LS 28.400Captiva LT 34.200Captiva LT Auto 36.300Vivant SE 22.800Vivant CDX 23.800Vivant AT 24.900

Fiat Cost(USD)

Doblo ELX 18.200Albea HLX 20.900

Ford Cost(USD)

Escape 2.3 XLS 35.100

Escape 2.3 XLT 38.900Mondeo imported 54.400Everest 4x2 AT (oil) 39.800Everest 4x4 (oil) 45.900

Everest 4x2 MT (oil) 36.900Focus 1.8 MT 24.800Focus 2.0 AT 34.400Focus 2.0 5 35.200

Honda Cost(USD)

Civic 2.0 38.500Civic 1.8 AT 34.000Civic 1.8 MT 30.600CR-V 49.700

Isuzu Cost(USD)

Hi-Lander X- TremeMT

24.049

Hi-Lander X-TremeAT

26.309

D-Max LS (MT) 2cu

30.057

D-Max LS (AT) 1 cu 28.528D-Max S 24.384

Kia Cost(USD)

New Morning LX 15.300New Morning EX 15.800

New Morning SX 16.550Mercedes-Benz Cost

(USD)

C200K Elegance 59.495

C230 Avantgarde 71.889E200 Avantgarde 79.945E280 103.889

Mitsubishi Cost(USD)

Grandis 47.460

Zinger GLS 31.920ZInger GL 29.925

Toyota Cost(USD)

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Innova V 36.100

Innova G 32.600Innova J 29.300Vios 1.5G new 27.400Vios 1.5E new 25.100Corolla Altis 1.8 AT 34.700Corolla Altis 1.8 MT 32.600Camry 2.4G 49.800Camry 3.5Q 68.700

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Besides, the effects of raising automobiles in Ho Chi Minh have had positive

influences on society. Firstly, it is the evidence that government is going in correct

direction which leads to increase in standard of living, people enjoy better facilities,

working in better conditions and travelling more than ever. Secondly, it encourages local

car production to develop so that it can serve customers more effectively while

contributing a significant part into economic development, solve unemployment problem

and develop workers standard in this industry. Finally, because of increasing in using

private automobile, the infrastructure must be improved, larger roads, more parking

lots. Indirectly, it helps build a more civilized city and attract more visitors as well as

investors to come to Ho Chi Minh

However, it does not only bring benefits. As other subjects, cost of using private

automobiles is also considerable. To individuals, it is the source of so many troubles.

They have to go to work earlier because of traffic jams, all daily activities are messed

up. The average space for a person to live, according to the statistic calculation in

2009, was 16.7m2, it was too small for a car and a person to stay in same place.

Therefore, they have to rent somewhere else to store their cars where is sometimes

unsafe at all. Lacking of public parking lots is also a big problem when anyone wants to

get the car for a drive. Furthermore, because the price of a car in Vietnam is very high, it

leads to cost of transportation to be high as well. People need to consider before buying

a car.

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Table 3: Cars price of Great Britan and

Vietnam ( In VND)

(1 = 32 381 VND)

Society also suffer from the increasing of automobile, the huge number of private

automobile worsens the infrastructure which is very slowly developed. As a result,

travelling becomes harder and harder everyday. In addition, smoke from cars contains

many toxic ingredients, especially CO2 which causes greenhouse effect and many other

terrible consequences requiring huge money to solve.

A big question is raised: Should or should not private automobiles encouraged in

Sai Gon?. By collecting the data and using critical skill to analyze those, we will give

you the answer through this report.

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Model Great Britan Vietnam

Toyota

( Land Cruiser 200)

1 117 630 215(34 515)

2 434 000 000

Mercedes Benz

( E 250 CGI)

1 012 068 155(28 060)

1 753 000 000

Ford

( Mondeo)

572 917 033(17 693)

877 305 000

Honda Civic

(CR - V)

680 648 620(21 020)

1 027 000 000


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2. BENEFITS

Public benefits

Private automobile ownership is now becoming very popular in Ho Chi Minh City.

In July 2010, HCM City had around 427,000 private cars, and 80 more was registered

daily. These numbers seems to increase day by day (according to the online Trade and

promotion center).

Why a lot of people choose to own a private car? Lets find out what are the

benefits of using the private car, especially the benefits for public.

First of all, owning a car prove that the standard of living in Sai Gon now is

significantly higher than it was in the past. Obviously, in order to own a car, a person

must have an amount of money that can cover the cost of the car and cost of petrol

during using this car and somehow, he or she is having wealth confidence that make

him or her be happier and more satisfied in life. In addition, in the private automobiles,

drivers always have better conditions for protection, such as: seat belt, airbags, etc.

When more and more people are safe and more satisfied with their life, the social

standard of living is raising.

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Is this man happy with his car?

Secondly, more and more people owing a car encourage the car production in

Vietnam. With more demand of car, the price of car increases that make more car

producers try their best to produce in most efficient way. They try to increase the quality

and quantity of car produced. As a result, Vietnamese car production is improved and

developed.

Soon, Vietnamese can produce such a professional car

Finally, more car owning contributes to the development of public infrastructure.

As more and more people owe private automobiles, the infrastructures such as road,

highway, and traffic line need to be upgraded. However, where is the financial source

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to upgrade these infrastructures? One financial source is the tax, the tariff on imported

cars from the foreign. When a foreign country wants to export cars into Vietnam, it has

to pay some amount of money to our domestic government. Then, Vietnam government

can use this amount of money to build the public infrastructures for car drivers to easier

and more conveniently drive in Vietnam.

In brief, there are three main benefits of using private automobiles in Ho Chi Minh

City. Firstly, using cars shows that living standard is improved, citizens in Ho Chi Minh

City are living more conveniently. Then using private automobiles encourages

Vietnamese car production to be improved, as a result, Vietnamese can produce

more professional cars in the future. Finally, more people using cars pushes some

infrastructures to be upgraded and developed, also Vietnamese government can have

some revenue from tariff imposed on which Ho Chi Minh authority can take the

advantage. Therefore, private automobiles play an important role in society

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2

3

6

1 4 5


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PRIVATE BENEFITS

Private automobile, a transport vehicle that has an engine and fuel to move, is

one of the most convenient personal transportation in the world. Today we cannot

imagine a world without it anymore. It is undeniable that owning a car gives us more

convenience than riding on a public transport. In addition, driving a car is a convenient

and fast way of getting from one place to another. There are some private benefits of

using cars, which are analyzed below:

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First of all, independence and mobility is first priority. In America, people have

known that the concept of empowerment for women and personal mobility have been

redefined by cars. In fact, the personal independence derived from using car is so

many.

Contrary to public transport like bus, people can work, shop, pursue leisure or go

everywhere they want, at their own convenience. In addition, using a car is comfortable,

convenient and easier for women than using public transport. They can also avoid

crowds and some troubles in public. Furthermore, for young adults with education and

work, using a car is the most wonderful way to not rely on parents, bus systems orpublic transport. And the last important thing is that if we have a car, definitely we can

travel whenever we want to, we are free and independent, not confined by the departure

or arrival time of a train or a bus.

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And imagine that how wonderful the life is when families can have happy

private time together on car at weekend.

To analyze this argument, we can summary it like that

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Using car gives people independence and mobility.

Empowerment for women and personal mobility are redefined

by cars. Women can avoid the crowd on public transportations.

Educated ones can stop relying on parents and bus, trains

In addition, once people have cars, they can travel everywhere

they want with no limitation

Second of all, flexibility on timing is one of the important advantages of using car.

In comparison with public transport, using car makes thousands of workers,

professionals and executives and does away with the hassles of having to book tickets

for train, bus or airplane travel can have more flexible and convenient time. In other

words, they can go to work, go to school easier and quicker without having to worry a

bus being late.

In addition, there are many underserved areas are not served fully by ambulances or

other mobile medical services. Therefore, in case of medical emergencies, a car has an

important role ever to transport patients quicker to the nearest medical center. This is

very essential especially for people who live in countryside that are quite far from

hospital.

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2 5

1


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Furthermore, people can travel with car without being dependent to the travel tour time

or something like that. In such cases, a car is the only mode of transportation to move

from location to location in country. Having a self-owned car helps a family stay in better

control of schedules, rest stops, and state tours.

We have the argument and diagram:

Cars give us flexibility on timing. We can go to work or

study without worrying about tardiness. In addition, in some

suburban places which are lack of ambulances or other mobile

emergency services, cars can solve the problems with the

shortest time wasted. Futhermore, people do not need to think

of time when they are hanging out.

Third of all, private automobiles help people enlarge their net-working/socializing.

In general, cars can be considered as a bridge to make the social relationship better. It

makes people get better relation with customers, friends, neighbors

Last but not least, people status can be conferred by the society on the car

appearance. If you have a nice car, definitely you must be proud of it. It can make you

be more attractive and more confident.

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On the website of vietbao.vn, they prove that their private finance is good enough to

own a car. In other words, the level of living standard could be ranked by an

automobiles brand name.

(http://vietbao.vn/O-to-xe-may/Xe-hoi-noi-gi-ve-tinh-cach-chu-nhan/61001848/377/)

Below, there are some examples about cars that prove owner finance potentiality:

Chevrolet Corvette 44.995 USD

Owner this car must be a person of authority and successful in their life; also

appreciates style and beauty of the car which are really especial.

Cadillac Escalade SUV 55.400 USD

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http://vietbao.vn/O-to-xe-may/Xe-hoi-noi-gi-ve-tinh-cach-chu-nhan/61001848/377/http://vietbao.vn/O-to-xe-may/Xe-hoi-noi-gi-ve-tinh-cach-chu-nhan/61001848/377/


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If you want to own this automobile, your yearly income has to be 175,000 USD

approximately. It is really difficult to satisfy the requirement however you will never

regret to buy this car. The owner is always confident that he or she would never waste

any good opportunity because they believe that this SUV is one of the best chances in

their life and they have not missed it.

Ferrari F430 168.005 USD

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Wealthy, ebullience, well- education are the words to depict the owners of Ferrari

F430. Having this automobile is meaningful for them.

Honda Civic coupe and sedan 14.810 USD

The most favorite hobby of these people is watching TV, the cinema, reading,

traveling and communicating with friends. Their biggest dream is to have a sense of

security, can master their own lives, liberty, laughing, and the desire to satisfy personal

needs.

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3. COSTS

PUBLIC COST

1. Causes and effects

a. Infrastructure

Although Ho Chi Minh City is a modern and the biggest city in Vietnam,

the public infrastructure is backward compared to other cities in South East Asia

(Singapore, Malaysia, Philippines). Lack of modern roads and narrow road lane width

are actual traffic status in Vietnam generally and in Ho Chi Minh City particularly.

Moreover, road work is also a problem in Ho Chi Minh City when it occupies a large

proportion in roads with over 200 road works in the first month of 2010. Roads becomes

smaller and smaller while automobiles need certain space to move.

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Road work inNguyen Kiem Street,Phu Nhuan District


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Tran Quang Phuong, director of Ho Chi Minh City Department of

Transport stated that while the citys roads increase by a mere 0.3% a year, the number

of cars on the streets grows 15% annually.

http://english.thesaigontimes.vn/Home/travel/aroundtown/6366/

In a result, traffic congestion occurs, especially in rush hours.

b. Automobile exhaust fumes

Petrol is mostly fuel of automobile. Automobiles use gasoline at the

beginning and then exhaust fumes. There are many toxic chemicals in automobile

exhaust fumes such as: CO, CO2, NO2, SO2

According to Ho Chi Minh City Environmental Protection Agency (HEPA),

nitrogen dioxide (NO2) has concentration (0.19 0.34mg/m) exceeding the standard

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http://english.thesaigontimes.vn/Home/travel/aroundtown/6366/http://english.thesaigontimes.vn/Home/travel/aroundtown/6366/


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from 2-3 times (4-6 times in congestion time); carbon dioxide (CO2) has concentration

from 9.93-21.37mg/m and tends to increase. Meanwhile, dust particle concentration

has ranged from 0.37-0.68 mg/m3, which exceeds the standard from 1.5 to 2.5 times.

NO2 in car fumes causes nitric acid rain which can kill plants and fish.

http://moitruong.mt.gov.vn/Default.aspx?tabid=2&catid=326&articleid=5181

http://hepa.gov.vn/content/tintuc_chitiet.php?catid=252&subcatid=0&newsid=132&langid=0

http://www.unescap.org/ttdw/Publications/TPTS_pubs/TxBulletin_68/bulletin68_d.pdf

Increasing concentrations of nitrogen in unexpected

places will cause significant environmental damage that we will

all learn to regret. Dr. William Schlesinger president of the

Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies said.

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=acid-rain-caused-by-nitrogen-

emissions

22 | P a g e
http://moitruong.mt.gov.vn/Default.aspx?tabid=2&catid=326&articleid=5181http://hepa.gov.vn/content/tintuc_chitiet.php?catid=252&subcatid=0&newsid=132&langid=0http://www.unescap.org/ttdw/Publications/TPTS_pubs/TxBulletin_68/bulletin68_d.pdfhttp://www.unescap.org/ttdw/Publications/TPTS_pubs/TxBulletin_68/bulletin68_d.pdfhttp://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=acid-rain-caused-by-nitrogen-emissionshttp://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=acid-rain-caused-by-nitrogen-emissionshttp://moitruong.mt.gov.vn/Default.aspx?tabid=2&catid=326&articleid=5181http://hepa.gov.vn/content/tintuc_chitiet.php?catid=252&subcatid=0&newsid=132&langid=0http://www.unescap.org/ttdw/Publications/TPTS_pubs/TxBulletin_68/bulletin68_d.pdfhttp://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=acid-rain-caused-by-nitrogen-emissionshttp://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=acid-rain-caused-by-nitrogen-emissions


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Toxic fumes cause air pollution and influence on environment and human

beings. Fumes result in respiratory diseases in human (lung cancer).

PRIVATE COST

Private automobiles really bring a lot of benefits for users. However, cars are still

the property which ordinary users can not afford. Besides, they have many costs both

tangible and intangible that can make us reconsider before buying a car. In addition,

infrastructure of Ho Chi Minh is still in not good condition, as a result, your car can be

harmed.

1. Time

Using private automobile for daily activities messes up your life. Since there are

so many prohibited roads which cars cannot go in, cars owner has to take another

routine which is longer. In addition, traffic jams are main reason for tardiness.Hence, once you want to be on time for work, you need to go one or two hours

earlier than usual, and because it is 2 hours earlier, your daily life is totally messed

up.

An officer living in Binh Thanh must leave home at 6

oclock in order to be at work on time which starts at 8 oclock. It

also raises another concern for him for he has to take his son to

school so early. He cannot help worrying about his son when he

drives to work

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( Source: VnExpress, http://vnexpress.net/GL/Oto-Xe-

may/Tu-van/2010/12/3BA23F9D/)

2. Space

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http://vnexpress.net/GL/Oto-Xe-may/Tu-van/2010/12/3BA23F9D/http://vnexpress.net/GL/Oto-Xe-may/Tu-van/2010/12/3BA23F9D/http://vnexpress.net/GL/Oto-Xe-may/Tu-van/2010/12/3BA23F9D/http://vnexpress.net/GL/Oto-Xe-may/Tu-van/2010/12/3BA23F9D/


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Space is another concern for people who want to own a private automobile.

Wherever you live, near a big main road or a peaceful alley, a safety space to place

your car is very important. A fact that there are so many houses does not have enough

space for a car. According to UNPFA, in 2009, average living space per person is 17.6

m2, while a car can take from 8 to 10 m 2, the remain area is not enough for basic needs

of a person. It leads to a solution to rent a long term parking lot which cost more than

one million per month

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Table 4: Price for renting parking lot (Provided by One

member Limited Liability Service Controlling Company Khanh Hoi

Building)

Type of car Price

4 7 seats 1 100 000

(Source: http://www.5giay.vn/showthread.php?t=2531406)

Lacking of public parking lots is also an inconvenience. Until now, Ho Chi Minh

City cannot provide enough places for parking due to limited source of land and low

infrastructure.

Table 5: Scheme to manage parking places in Ho Chi MinhCity

District Number of roads

allowed for parking

1 29

3 69

5 96

11 8

(Source: http://www.diaoconline.vn/tinchitiet/4/11963/quy-hoach-via-he-long-

duong-tphcm-cho-dau-xe-chua-cho-buon-ban/)

From 2003, Ho Chi Minh government had a plan to establish eight underground

parking lots. However, not until August 2010, the first lot which is located at Le Van Tam

Park was started. With total area of 70321m2, this parking lot can serve 2025

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http://www.5giay.vn/showthread.php?t=2531406http://www.diaoconline.vn/tinchitiet/4/11963/quy-hoach-via-he-long-duong-tphcm-cho-dau-xe-chua-cho-buon-ban/http://www.diaoconline.vn/tinchitiet/4/11963/quy-hoach-via-he-long-duong-tphcm-cho-dau-xe-chua-cho-buon-ban/http://www.5giay.vn/showthread.php?t=2531406http://www.diaoconline.vn/tinchitiet/4/11963/quy-hoach-via-he-long-duong-tphcm-cho-dau-xe-chua-cho-buon-ban/http://www.diaoconline.vn/tinchitiet/4/11963/quy-hoach-via-he-long-duong-tphcm-cho-dau-xe-chua-cho-buon-ban/


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motorbikes, 1250 automobiles, 28 trucks and buses. It will be very long for the next

parking lot coming into operation. According to statistics conducted by Traffic Police

Station, at the end of 2009, there were 400 000 private automobiles, average growth

rate was 7.5%. Comparing the growth rate of cars and established parking lot, the car

owners will meet a big challenge every time they want to hang out by cars.

3. Transportation costs

Market price of cars in Vietnam, according to Mr Akito Tachibana, president of

VAMA (Vietnam Automobile Manufacturers Association), is three times higher than

Europe.

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With this high price, it causes many negative consequences for auto mobiles are

considered luxury goods while they are used everyday in other countries. Some of

negative consequences are listed below

Robbery is another reason for not buying a car. People always say that: The

richer you are, the more unsecured you feel. Let imaging one day you take your car for

a drive, after that, you leave your car for a while, after that, you recognize the mirrors or

tail lights has been robbed. Nowadays, robbery becomes a common phenomenon

which makes not only citizens but also authorities worry. This problem is specially

sensitive with private automobiles which have very high value. As a car worths a lot, its

accessories are really expensive, a mirror, for example, can worth 2 million.

Another point is that repair expense for automobile is 2 5 times more

expensive than motorbike. You have to bring your cars to garage for maintenance and

pay for repairmen if there is something wrong with your car.

In addition, when using private automobiles, you will have to pay the roll. The

price for each turn is about 10 000 12 000 VND. For example, if you want to go from

Ho Chi Minh City to Vung Tau, you have to go through two Ports, let take 12 000VND

for each time, so you have to pay 24 000 VND to get there.

Gasoline is also owners concern, because the gasoline is not only used for

running the engine but also air conditioner and other entertaining machine. To illustrate

for that expensive cost, we take a simple calculation.

Camry 2009 2.4G consumes 10 12l per 100km

Price of gas: 16400VND/l

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Capacity of fuel tank: 70l

To fulfill the tank the owner has to pay: 1 148 000 VND

The distance between Vung Tau and Ho Chi Minh city is 120km. Hence, a

Camry 2009 2.4G will consume 14.4l of gasoline which costs 236 1600 VND

Compare with motorbike, car owner has to pay higher money with the same

distance

In conclusion, private automobiles should not be encouraged in Ho Chi Minh

City. Because private automobiles take a lot of time to get a destination, it messes

up of daily life. Furthermore, lacking of parking lots makes owner to park on

unsecured places which create the best opportunities for robbers to steal accessories

from cars. Finally, using car requires many extra expenses with very high set of price,

hence, it may cause crisis in your budget and decrease the saving level everymonth.

We have the diagram below:

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2 4 6

3 5 7


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SOLUTIONSBecause private automobiles bring a lot of negative consequences to both

public and individuals, it should not be encouraged in Ho Chi Minh City. Nevertheless,

we cannot deny all benefits they have. Hence, we need to get some solutions to

compensate for loss of benefits.

First of all, the public transportation needs to be improved. Public transport is

a shared passenger transportation service which is available for use by the general

public. Recently, the only public transport in HCMC is bus. Bus transportation is

simultaneously taking place of private transportation in some ways that can lessen the

crisis of traffic jam.

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The total amount of buses available is about: 3096 (source of Ministry of

Transport of Vietnam) with approximately 148 current transport directions between main

streets of the city which can aid in transporting up to 385 millions of passengers a year

(according to the Ministry of Transport of Vietnam, 2009), or 1.3 millions of passengers

a day, primarily including students, staff, and officers who usually use buses as the

main means of transportation to commute to school and offices

On the contrary, bus still has its own disadvantages. Bus networking is still in

confusion. Still missing intermediate bus stations (transit stations). There are large

number of bus companies (total 26) but small scale and capacity. Furthermore, there

are approximately 1700 buses need to be replaced because of poor qualities that the

engines operate slow and exhaust flames into the air, unexpectedly contribute much to

the traffic congestion and air pollution. So an urgent need for improvement of old buses

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0

500

1000

1500

2005 2007 2009

500

1000

1300

thousands

years

Graph 1: Statistics of bus passengers per day

from 2005 to 2009 in HCM City

passengers per day


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and importation of newly modern buses should be taken into action. In addition, buses

only run in a specific period of time, it causes inconveniences to many people. In order

to solve these problems, we need to go step by step. A detail map with all the station

and bus routine should be establish and public to citizen. An information system should

be ready for people to contact anytime they need and must be located on almost every

road. Increasing the amount of buses is also a good solution. In addition, we must

increase the duration of bus, so that, people will feel more convenient to catch a bus

even though it is late. Finally, although we have many buses but they are unequally

furnitured, there are a lot of them in bad condition; the authority must make a basicrequirement for what is a qualified bus to run in the city and force bus companies to

follow. Along with that requirement, it should be support from local authorities from

capital to process to carry out.

Second of all, there must be flexible in prohibition. We do not encourage

automobiles using gasoline because it threatens scare resource but we welcome ones

using green energy. Just imagine a city with high infrastructure and green energy, better

environment; it must be the best place for citizen. Nowadays, with high technology,

many green cars have been produced but with tax system in Vietnam, a car is still

expensive for people. Therefore, government and authorities should consider the tax

rate on car.

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WOULD YOU PERSONALLY CONSIDER

BUYING A CAR IF YOU HAVE THE

MEANS?

For many people, especially in a developing country like Vietnam, car-ownership

is their dream which they want to achieve. Government policy can discourage

automobiles in Vietnam but cannot ban everyone from owning cars. If you have the

means, why dont you buy another type of cars?

Imagine a bright future, when Vietnam has these conditions: modern

infrastructure, awareness of obeying traffic laws, sufficient finance potentiality, clean

energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy, hydrogen energy...

A modern and beautiful city in future

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In those favorable conditions, cars which use solar energy or hydrogen energy

are not a difficulty. Cars which use less environmentally damaging fuel sources than

petrol would be good for the protection of the environment. Petrol and diesel engines

produce pollution both on a local and a global scale, contributing to poor health and

global warming. People will be no longer dependent upon oil and will protect

environment by using green cars.

Hydro can replace oil and gas; create a new fuel generation. According to

International Energy Agency (IEA) statistics, hydro has increased as an electricity

generation by fuel in recent years. In 2002, hydropower was 30,000 GWh (Gigawatt

Hour) then it went to over 70,000 GWh six years later. The chart is represented below:

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Using electric cars is also another way to reduce CO2 emission. Solar energy

charging station can be build to supply power for these cars.

Charging battery car

Honda solar power charging station

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Obviously, hybrid cars and electric cars are two types of cars that can help you

to protect environment and bring you a healthy life without influence from using petrol

cars.

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CONCLUSION

This project was created to encourage the Ho Chi Minh citizens to use the public

transportation instead of private automobiles in the city.

We recognize that the private car brings to us a lot of benefits such as wealthy

confidence, convenience when we travel in the rain or in the hot weather, travelling

without the timetable. However, the costs of these private cars, which are normal cars

not a special car or green cars, are suitable for the families which are in high class in Ho

Chi Minh City. The costs are higher because the taxes are higher and now, the taxes

are considered to reduce. The policy, that the taxes for car are high, is not perfect. It still

contains some limitations such as the people in Sai Gon cannot afford their own cars.

On the other hand, this policy is still appreciated. The taxes are high because

the Government discourages to use the private automobiles in our city to reduce the air

pollution, to lower the traffic jams which are occurred every day in Ho Chi Minh City on

rush hours, to save the fossil fuels etc. Therefore the public society is received a lot of

advantages from this policy and so does each citizen. Especially, each user has another

benefit that they can save own money from the fuel, from the taxes and also the time

they have.

In conclusion, according to the report, we believe that if the rhythm of the

development in Ho Chi Minh City is under the control within the Governments policy

which is not encourage the private automobiles in the city, the life condition of each

citizen will be improved because of some benefits it brings to them.

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In order to have the higher living condition, each of citizens in Ho Chi Minh City

needs to follow the instruction of the Government and they have to have knowledge that

limit use their own car in the city to have the improvement life.

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Source

Honda: http://www.honda.co.uk/cars/cr-v/

http://hondaoto.com.vn/am_website/quick_view.php?lang=vn

Toyota: http://www.toyota.co.uk/cgi-bin/toyota/bv/generic_editorial.jsp?

navRoot=toyota_1024_root&navType=Internal&deepLink=LC6_ModelDiscovery&edna

me=LC6_ModelDiscovery&catname=/toyota_1024_root/main_nav/pageTopNav/Zone

+NG+Land+Cruiser&menuid=12305&zone=Zone+NG+Land+Cruiser&id=MSR_LAND

_CRUISER

Ford: http://www.ford.co.uk/Cars/Mondeo

http://www.ford.com.vn/servlet/ContentServer?

cid=1178854603660&pagename=Page&c=DFYPage&site=FVN

Mercedes Benz: http://www2.mercedes-

benz.co.uk/content/unitedkingdom/mpc/mpc_unitedkingdom_website/en/home_mpc/p

assengercars/home/new_cars/amg_showroom/e_63_amg_saloon/e_63_amg_saloon.fla

sh.html#chapter=1

http://www.mercedes-

benz.com.vn/content/vietnam/mpc/mpc_vietnam_website/enng/home_mpc/passenger

cars/home/new_cars/models/e-class/_w212/advice_sales/price_list.html

Eximbank: http://www.eximbank.com.vn/vn/

http://english.thesaigontimes.vn/Home/travel/aroundtown/6366/

http://moitruong.mt.gov.vn/Default.aspx?tabid=2&catid=326&articleid=5181

http://www.unescap.org/ttdw/Publications/TPTS_pubs/TxBulletin_68/bulletin68_d.pdf

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=acid-rain-caused-by-nitrogen-

emissions

http://hepa.gov.vn/content/tintuc_chitiet.php?catid=252&subcatid=0&newsid=132&langid=0

http://www.iea.org/stats/pdf_graphs/VNELEC.pdf
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co.uk/content/unitedkingdom/mpc/mpc_unitedkingdom_website/en/home_mpc/passengercars/home/new_cars/amg_showroom/e_63_amg_saloon/e_63_amg_saloon.flash.html#chapter=1http://www2.mercedes-benz.co.uk/content/unitedkingdom/mpc/mpc_unitedkingdom_website/en/home_mpc/passengercars/home/new_cars/amg_showroom/e_63_amg_saloon/e_63_amg_saloon.flash.html#chapter=1http://www.mercedes-benz.com.vn/content/vietnam/mpc/mpc_vietnam_website/enng/home_mpc/passengercars/home/new_cars/models/e-class/_w212/advice_sales/price_list.htmlhttp://www.mercedes-benz.com.vn/content/vietnam/mpc/mpc_vietnam_website/enng/home_mpc/passengercars/home/new_cars/models/e-class/_w212/advice_sales/price_list.htmlhttp://www.mercedes-benz.com.vn/content/vietnam/mpc/mpc_vietnam_website/enng/home_mpc/passengercars/home/new_cars/models/e-class/_w212/advice_sales/price_list.htmlhttp://www.eximbank.com.vn/vn/http://english.thesaigontimes.vn/Home/travel/aroundtown/6366/http://moitruong.mt.gov.vn/Default.aspx?tabid=2&catid=326&articleid=5181http://www.unescap.org/ttdw/Publications/TPTS_pubs/TxBulletin_68/bulletin68_d.pdfhttp://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=acid-rain-caused-by-nitrogen-emissionshttp://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=acid-rain-caused-by-nitrogen-emissionshttp://hepa.gov.vn/content/tintuc_chitiet.php?catid=252&subcatid=0&newsid=132&langid=0http://hepa.gov.vn/content/tintuc_chitiet.php?catid=252&subcatid=0&newsid=132&langid=0http://www.iea.org/stats/pdf_graphs/VNELEC.pdf

critical report (revised)

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