cross-border funded joint research programme irdes...wp0 – coordination and management [wp leader...
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
IRDESImproving Roadside Design to Forgive Human Errors
Safety at the Heart of Road DesignCross-border funded Joint Research Programme
Prof. Ing. Francesca La TorreUniversità di Firenze – IRDES Coordinator
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
The IRDES Team
UNIFI: F. La Torre, L. Domenichini, A. Mercaldo, A. Grossi
ARSENAL (now AIT): P. Saleh, P. Nitsche
CHALMERS: H. Fagerlind, S. Othman,J. Martinsson
ANAS: E. Cesolini, G. Magarò, B. Rubino,F. Bianchin, R. Grecco
LCPC (now IFSTTAR): Y. Goyat, F. Menant
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
The IRDES Project
The aim of the IRDES project is to produce two
outputs with specific reference to a well identified
set of roadside features.
A practical and uniform guideline that allows the road
designer to improve the forgivingness of the
roadside;
A practical tool for assessing (in a quantitative
manner) the effectiveness of applying a given
roadside treatment.
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
Outline of the activities
WP0 – Coordination and Management [WP Leader UNIFI]
WP1 – Collection and harmonization of studies and standards on roadside design [WP Leader AIT]
WP2 – Assessment of Roadside Intervention Effectiveness [WP Leader CHALMERS]
WP3 – Production of a Roadside Design Guide [UNIFI]
WP4 – European Survey [WP Leader ANAS]
WP5 – Organization of Workshops and Round Tables [WP Leader IFSTTAR]
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
The IRDES in figures
Duration: 15/09/2009 – 15/09/2011
Total Budget: EUR 267.713,00
Kick off Meeting in Rome: 22/09/2009
Total man power: 33.8 man months
www.irdes-eranet.eu
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
Deliverables
Nr. Deliverable Name / Report Name Partner
Responsible
D0.1 Mid Term Project Assessment (internal document not available to the public)
UNIFI
D0.2 Final Project Report UNIFI
D1 State of the art report on existing treatments for the design of forgiving roadsides
AIT
D2 Practical Guide for the Assessment of Treatment Effectiveness CHALMERS
D3 Forgiving Roadside Design Guide UNIFI
D4 Questionnaire on roadside safety interventions and their effectiveness
ANAS
D5.1 Proceedings of Webinar 1 IFSTTAR
D5.2 Proceedings of Webinar 2 IFSTTAR
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI www.irdes-eranet.eu
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
THE WEBINARS
The MID TERM webinar was aimed at presenting the
deliverables of IRDES and also at proposing an interactive
discussion to optimise the further development of the
IRDES Roadside Design Guide, in line with stakeholders’
expectations.
How would you like the IRDES Roadside Design Guide to be
structured in order to be useful in practical applications by your
road administration?
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
THE MID TERM WEBINAR
Speakers were in the same place (in Paris) while the
attendees participated from their own offices with a
combined phone-web connection tool. A total of 14 experts
attended the webinar, 6 at the IFSTTAR and 8 in web
connection, from 9 countries (Austria, Belgium, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Norway, and Sweden).
A total of 14 experts attended the webinar, 6 at the
IFSTTAR and 8 in web connection, from 9 countries
(Austria, Belgium, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Norway,
and Sweden).
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
THE DESIGN GUIDELINE
In the recent years several projects have been conducted to produce guidelines to design forgiving roadsides (both in Europe and in the USA)
and several national standards have been produced but different approaches are proposed. The final results of Trans-National Research Projects, aimed at identifying harmonised solutions, are often extremely
scientific but not practical and result in a lack of applicability.
Based on the results of WP1 and WP2, this WP of IRDES produced a practical
Guideline that could be applied in practice in safety design projects. The different proposed interventions are linked to the potential effectiveness defined in WP2 and in the literature in order to allow the user to perform cost-effectiveness evaluation before planning a given
treatment.
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
SHOULDER WIDTH
BARRIER TERMINALS
SHOULDER RUMBLE STRIPS
FORGIVING SUPPORT STRUCTURES FOR ROAD EQUIPMENT
THE ROADSIDE FEATURES CONSIDERED
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
STRUCTURE OF THE GUIDE• INTRODUCTION
• SECTION 1: TREATMENT/FEATURE ********
• Introduction
• Design criteria;
• Assessment of effectiveness;
• Case studies/Examples;
• References (key ref.)
• SECTION 2: TREATMENT/FEATURE ********
• Introduction
• Design criteria;
• Assessment of effectiveness;
• Case studies/Examples;
• References (key ref.)
• REFERENCES
• GLOSSARY
• ANNEX 1: STATE OF THE ART REVIEW (D1)
• ANNEX 2: EVALUATION OF EFFECTIVENNESS (D2)
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
INTRODUCTION
• Definitions and aims;
• Forgiving roadside as part of a safety improvement issues
that links forgiving roadsides with self explaining roads;
• Short description of the other ERANET road SRO1 projects
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
BARRIERS TERMINALS
UNPROTECTED ……
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
BARRIERS TERMINALS
….. Vs. CRASHWORTHY
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
BARRIERS TERMINALS
CRASHWORTHY doesn’t mean only ENERGY-
ABSORBING patented terminals
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
BARRIERS TERMINALS
SELECTING ENERGY ABSORBING TERMINALS CLASSES
Posted speed limit (V) Minimum performance class
V ≥ 130 km/h P3
90 km /h ≤ V < 130 km/h P2
V < 90 km/h P1
ITALIAN STANDARD
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
BARRIERS TERMINALS
TERMINALS IN PROXIMITY TO
DRIVEWAYS
AUSTRIAN STANDARD
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
BARRIERS TERMINALS
LENGTH OF NEED
AASHTO ROADSIDE DESIGN GUIDE
RISER
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
BARRIERS TERMINALS
EFFECTIVENESS
UTeCMF
×
=0.02381
y = e0.0238x
R² = 1
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
CM
F
UT (number of ostacles per km)
• NO BEFORE/AFTER ANALYSIS FOUND;
• Only rural single carriageway roads;
• CMF to be tested in wider networks.
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
SHOULDER RUMBLE STRIPS
Design criteria
• Shoulder rumble strips configuration
• Shoulder rumble strips and bicycle riding
• Shoulder rumble strips and motorcycle riding
• Noise issues
• Maintenance of shoulder rumble strips
• Selection of sites where to install shoulder rumble strips
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
SHOULDER RUMBLE STRIPS
Shoulder rumble strips configuration
PARAMETER MILLED RUMBLE
STRIPS ROLLED RUMBLE
STRIPS
A offset 0-760 mm 0-760 mm
B length 400 mm 400 mm
C width 180 mm 40 mm
D depth 13 mm 32 mm
E spacing 305 mm 170 mm
Typical
PARAMETER LESSE AGGRESSIVE MILLED
RUMBLE STRIPS
A offset 0-760 mm
B length 152 mm
C width 127 mm
D depth 10 mm
E spacing 280-305 mm
Less aggressive
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
SHOULDER RUMBLE STRIPS
Bicycle riding
• Rolled in are better for bicycle riding but less
effective;
• The “less aggressive” configuration has been
proven to be the best compromise;
• Leave bicycle gaps
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
SHOULDER RUMBLE STRIPS
EFFECTIVENESS
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
SHOULDER RUMBLE STRIPS
CASE STUDY
In Sweden:
• 200 km of treated sections;
• estimate of 27.3% reduction of crashes;
• within a 95% confidence interval the potential effect was
estimated between 8.6% and 45.7%.
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
FORGIVING SUPPORT STRUCTURES FOR ROAD EQUIPMENT
Percent distribution of fixed
object crash deaths, based on
8,623 fatalities, 2008 (US)
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
FORGIVING SUPPORT STRUCTURES FOR ROAD EQUIPMENT
Procedure for handling lateral
obstacles (RISER)
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
FORGIVING SUPPORT STRUCTURES FOR ROAD EQUIPMENT
When an obstacle becomes and
HAZARD?
It has to be in the clear zone (refer to D1 in Annex 1 for
criteria to define the clear zone)
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
FORGIVING SUPPORT STRUCTURES FOR ROAD EQUIPMENT
When an obstacle becomes and
HAZARD?
In practice?
• The vehicle is abruptly stopped.
• The passenger compartment is penetrated
by some external object.
• The vehicle becomes unstable due to
roadside elements.
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
FORGIVING SUPPORT STRUCTURES FOR ROAD EQUIPMENT
When an obstacle becomes and
HAZARD? In practice?
• Diameter or thickness greater than 100 mm (Canada).
• Resistent moment above 5.7 kN*m (SETRA, France).
• Evaluation Table
(RISER).
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
FORGIVING SUPPORT STRUCTURES FOR ROAD EQUIPMENT
Supports tested according to EN12767 are considered “passively safe” and therefore
not an hazard
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
FORGIVING SUPPORT STRUCTURES FOR ROAD EQUIPMENT
Different performance classes according to EN 12767
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
FORGIVING SUPPORT STRUCTURES FOR ROAD EQUIPMENT
Criteria for selecting Different performance classes according to EN 12767 (UK)
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
FORGIVING SUPPORT STRUCTURES FOR ROAD EQUIPMENT
EFFECTIVENESS
• NO BEFORE/AFTER ANALYSIS FOUND;
• Positive “indications” from the literature;
• Risk assessment (UK).
Passively safe support
have a lower overall
risk than placing safety
barriers
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
SHOULDER WIDTH
DESIGN
Every country has it’s own
design standards
Examples from Austria,
France, Italy, Sweden
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
SHOULDER WIDTH
Single carriageway 2 lane roads (HSM)
EFFECTIVENESS
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
SHOULDER WIDTH
Multilane highways - undivided (HSM)
EFFECTIVENESS
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
SHOULDER WIDTH
Multilane highways - divided (HSM)
EFFECTIVENESS
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
SHOULDER WIDTH
Motorways
EFFECTIVENESS
CMF still under development. Currently SPFs are used to
evaluate the effectiveness of different shoulder configurations
OPEN SECTIONS
(Park, Fitzpatrick,
Lord, USA - 2010)
TUNNELS
(UPI, CH - 2004)
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
SHOULDER WIDTH
Combined effect of lane width and
shoulder width (France)
CASE STUDIES (D2)
Before After
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
SHOULDER WIDTH
Effect of paved and unpaved shoulder in
high risk bends (Austria)
CASE STUDIES (D2)
Scenario (Number) MAIS Effectiveness
No forgiving roadside (1) 6 0%
Soft Shoulder (2) 2 70%
Hard Shoulder (3,4,5) 0 100%
Tree (6) 6 0%
Safety Barrier (7) 1 90%
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
SHOULDER WIDTH
SPF for rural two lane roads (Italy)
CASE STUDIES (D2)
)...(221 nn
vavaaeEXPOY
×××+×=
SAFETY PERFORMANCE
FUNCTION
CRASH=EXPO*exp(a1+a2*OD+a3*AD+a4*UT+a5*SW+a16*LW+a7*AS)
Estimate
Intercept 8.89908
OD -0.03037
AD 0.61177
UT 0.02381
SW -1.02801
LW -2.87574
AS 0.46892
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
OTHER TREATMENTS
Deliverable D1 has been included as
an appendix in the Guide and
includes the literature review for a
wide variety of treatments
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
TOOLS FOR EVALUATING TREATMENTS EFFECTIVENESS
Deliverable D2 has been included as an
appendix in the Guide and includes the details
on the tools
proposed
Numerical
simulations of
black spots
with different
treatments
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
A PRACTICAL guideline for designing forgiving roadsides has been provided in the IRDES project
Webinars are an extremely useful tool to be discuss, during the development of the project, the outcome so to better meet the user’s expectations
Preliminary feedback from the attendees on the Guideline was extremely positive
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Several other roadside treatments should be assessed
The assessment of the effectiveness of roadside treatment is still very rare (even for common treatments as replacing safety barriers) and should be promoted.
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ERANET WORKSHOP - 13 January 2012 – The IRDES Project Francesca La Torre – UNIFI
THANKS …….
To all the IRDES TEAM
The ERANET for funding the IRDES Project
To the PEB members who reviewed the deliverables providing some valuable suggestions to improve the drafts
To the Webinar attendees who really helped with their great inputs
To you all for listening …