CryoNetOverview and status

Wolfgang Schöner

Central Institute of Meteorology and GeodynamicsVienna, Austria

CryoNet activities

o 1st CryoNet WS (Nov. 2012, Vienna, Austria)

o Questionaireso Cryosphere Station inventoryo Guide to GCW CryoNet (draft)o 2nd CryoNet WS (Dec. 2013, Beijing

China)o CryoNet team meeting (Reykjavik,

Island, Jan 2014)

Asia CryoNet Meeting, Bejing, China, Dec. 2013

Asia CryoNet Meeting, Bejing, China, Dec. 2013

Some key points:- Strong activity of China (e.g. book

describing their cryospheric monitoring activities)

- Idea of Regional Working Groups (need for potential other regional meetings)

- List of CryoNet candidate sites for Asia high mountains

- Strong interest for glacier monitoring and need for guideline/standard

Questionaires

First questionaire CryoNet Meeting Vienna 11-2012

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

Establishment of CryoNet tier#1-tier#4network:

Establishment of supersite network:

Harmonisation of cryospheric network:

Standards, guidelines and training forobservations:

Inter-comparison experiments (e.g. sensors,methods

Cooperation with existing networks:

Data policy on archiving, accessibility andexchange

Support national needs

STDMean

n= 21 1=LOW 2=MEDIUM 3=HIGH

Second questionaire CryoNet Asia Meeting Beijing 12-2013

n= 7 1=LOW 2=MEDIUM 3=HIGH

CryoNet station inventory

Established inLocation Scan Green Green Green Can Antarc Sval Green Alps Alps Alps Green Antarc Alps Himal T-Shan Can AlasCountry AT CH FI DK DK DK F RU CN CN JP JP JP F F F DK GB GE CHI CHI CN USAtmosphere Gases

AerosolsUV,strat. O3Integral water vapourRadiationOptical thicknessPrecipitationAir temperatureWind speed directionAir pressureHumidity /vapour press.Aerological sounding

Snowcover HeightSWETemperatureStratigraphyIonic compoundsConductivity, pHStable isotopes

Permafrost Borehole temperatureBorehole extensiometerBorehole seismicActive layer thicknessSnow on groundAWSGST, BTS

Glacier/ice cap Mass balanceIce flowIce temperatureBasal water pressureAWS

Lake ice Ice thicknessWhite ice thicknessIce layersSnow on iceAWS

Sea ice Ice thicknessTimingIce flowSnow on iceAWSIcebergs

Ice sheet Mass balanceIce flowIce temperatureChemistryAWS

Satellite linkagesHydrologyEcology

Barr

ow

1973

GAWBSRN

Aler

t

1950

GAWBSRNGTN-PGUAN

Tian

shan

St.

1959

WGMS

Mt.

Ever

est

2008

NP

Berc

htes

gade

n

1978

Halle

y

1956

GAWAnTON

N-P

ole

drift

ing

stati

on

GTS

Prom

ice

Eure

ka

1886 1901 1931 1908 1995

GLORIAITEX

CALMSIOSACD

NDACCLTER

GTN-P

GAWGAW

GRUANGEWEXNDACC

ICOSTCCON

WGMS BSRN

Soda

nkyl

ä

Serm

ilik

Zack

enbe

rg

Dom

e C

Antarc

Nuu

k

BSRN

Sonn

blic

k

Zugs

pitz

e/Sc

hne

efer

ner

Wei

ssflu

hjoc

h

WGMSGAW

Alps Alps AlpsGE

2005 1947

Pear

l (al

l 3 si

tes)

NDACCTCCON

Rabb

en

1957 1991

Syow

a

GAWBSRN

Glac

iocl

im

SIGM

A-A+

B

2012

Col d

e Po

rte

1961

Niv

ose

1983

XXX

Reasons for a tiered network

HIGH

LOW

Spac

e do

mai

n re

s.

Tim

e do

mai

n re

s.

Data

qua

lity

Them

. ext

ensiv

ness

Tier #1

Tier #2

Tier #3

The tiered network of CryoNet

Baseline Sites

• Single sphere• Standardized

Reference Sites

• Single sphere• Long-term

• Cal/Val• Standardized

• Long-term financial

commitment

Integrated Sites

• Multi sphere• Cal/Val• Strong

research focus• Training

• Onsite staff• Standardized

• Long-term financial

commitment

Potential CryoNet stations

www.globalcryospherewatch.org

CryoNet sites must meet a minimum set of requirements:

1. The site location is chosen such that, for the variables measured, it is regionally representative.2. There are adequate power, communication, and building facilities to sustain long-term observations with greater than 90% data capture (i.e. less than 10% missing data).3. Technical support personnel are trained in the operation of the equipment.4. For reference and integrated sites, there is a commitment by the responsible agency to long-term observations of at least one of the GCW variables.5. The relevant GCW observations are of known accuracy and precision. The measurements are made according to GCW standards. Quality monitoring and quality control are routinely performed.

CryoNet sites must meet a minimum set of requirements:

6. Associated standard meteorological in situ observations, when necessary for the accurate determination and interpretation of the GCW variables, are made with known accuracy and precision.7. The data and metadata are submitted to an international cryospheric data centre recognized by GCW no later than one year after the observation is made. Changes in metadata including instrumentation, traceability, observation procedures, are reported to the responsible data centre in a timely manner. Metadata are also provided to the WMO Operational Information Resource (WIR) and maintained regularly.8. The station characteristics and observational programme are updated in the GCW station information database on a regular basis.9. A station logbook for observations and activities that may affect observations is maintained and used in the data validation process.

CryoNet implementation

Network Structure

Criteria for site inclusion

List of CryoNet stations

Guidelines & Standards

Partner

InventoryMeta data

Data & applications

Nominationsof partners

Data policy

CryoNetStatus of CryoNet Guide

Wolfgang Schöner

Central Institute of Meteorology and GeodynamicsVienna, Austria

CryoNet guide

History of document

Version Authors Date Description 0.1 W. Schöner Jan. 2013 Initial draft 0.2 W. Schöner Jun.

2013 Major modification based on feedback from CryoNet team

0.3 CryoNet team Oct. 2013

Major modification based on feedback from CryoNet team

0.4 W. Schöner Major modification based on outcome from Asia-CryoNet meeting

CryoNet within GCW

CRYONET

Motivation for CryoNet

active compilation of standardised & quality checked data

scientific observations of the cryosphere

GCW CryoNET

glac

iers

GTN-

G

perm

afro

stGT

N-P

ice

shee

ts... snow ...

sea

ice

...

lake

& ri

ver i

ce...

M. Zemp, 2011

Recent comments from M. Ondras (WMO)

Title:Guide to the Global Cryosphere Watch Surface-Based Observational Network -– CryoNet (Feasibility Study)

Further topics for content: Requirements Design, planning and evolution Instrumentation and Methods of Observation Operations Observational Metadata Quality Management

CryoNet activities

CoordinationCapacity building

ObservationsServices

CryoNet objectives

CryoNet will link different cryospheric observational networks to achieve its comprehensive potential through Extensive monitoring of the cryosphere through

harmonized measurements Providing cryospheric-data for improved process

understanding and modelling Providing calibration and validation data for satellite

data Linking cryospheric ground truth observations to

cryospheric models Training for cryospheric observations Standardized guidelines for cryospheric observations Long-term, sustainable observing and monitoring.

Feedback from the questionaires

Implementation of tiered networkHigh need for standards and guidelines

in cryospheric observations (many counts)

Serve science and practitionersCooperate with existing networksFill gaps in existing networksData policy and data provision

How making CryoNet successful

dependent on WMOBUThighly dependent on us (group of

researchers/promotors) through providing the theoretical background

relying on the strengths of WMO support (intercomparison studies, providing guidelines, networking, promotion, …) and not its weaknesses (WMO will not give any direct funding to a CryoNet station but can motivate its partners e.g. World Bank to do so via programs)

International CryoNet team

Jeff Key Jeff.Key@noaa.govBarry Goodison barrygo@rogers.comWolfgang Schöner wolfgang.schoener@zamg.ac.atEric Brun eric.brun@meteo.frChristophe Genthon genthon@lgge.obs.ujf-grenoble.frCharles Fierz fierz@slf.chTetsuo Ohata ohatat@jamstec.go.jp Þorsteinn Þorsteinsson thor@vedur.isMichele Citterio mcit@geus.dkSandy Starkweather sandy.starkweather @noaa.govMatthias Bernhardt m.bernhardt@iggf.geo.uni-muenchen.deHugues Lantuit Hugues.Lantuit@awi.deXiao Cunde cdxiao@lzb.ac.cnVasily Smolyanitsky vms@aari.aqJuan Manuel Hörler jhorler@smn.gov.ar

Expected decisions from CryoNet Island Meeting

Finalizing Guideline Working groups within CryoNetNext activitiesBudget for pilot activities

Thematic extensiveness

Snowcover, Glaciers, Permafrost

G a s e s, A e r o s o l s, D u s t

LOCAL TRANSPORT

M a s s

a n d E n e r g y