cs1100 intro. to computers
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CS1100 Intro. to Computers. Mr. Bailey Office: Memorial 109 Office Hours: Tue. & Thu. 12:30 – 2:00 Phone: 535-2535 Lecture – One day a week Lab – Alternate days - Memorial 213 http://oz.plymouth.edu/~bailey. Lecture. Lab. CS1100 Intro. to Computers. Course Content - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
CS1100 Plymouth State University
CS1100 Intro. to Computers
• Mr. Bailey
• Office: Memorial 109 • Office Hours: Tue. & Thu. 12:30 – 2:00• Phone: 535-2535
• Lecture – One day a week• Lab – Alternate days - Memorial 213
http://oz.plymouth.edu/~bailey
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Lecture
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Lab
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CS1100 Intro. to Computers• Course Content
• Exams - One every 5 weeks• Labs – One per week after lecture
• Grading– Exams - 40%– Labs - 40% (Late labs will lose 10% per week)– Research Paper 10%– Project 10%
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You will need...
Storage device
(or your “M:” drive)
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Course Content
• History of Computers• Hardware• Software
– Windows 7– Word Processing– Spreadsheets
• The Internet• Impact of computers on our lives
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Keep Your Work
• Please keep all of your graded labs and exams until you get your final grade.
• If I have not given you credit for completed work, I will correct your grade.
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How NOT to Take Notes
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Introduction to Information Technology
The Computer as a Mind Tool
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Information Technology
• What is it?– Definition: Information Technology (IT)
describes any technology that helps to produce, manipulate, store, communicate, and/or disseminate information
– Computer technology – Communications technology
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Infotech in Entertainment & the Arts
• Videogames• Downloading
– Movies– Music– Term papers????– Ethical/legal questions
• Many movies use computer animation• Digital editing
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Internet, World Wide Web, & Cyberspace
• Internet– The worldwide computer network– Links thousands of smaller networks– Originally developed to share only text and
numeric data
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What is a “Computer”
• Originally a Person who worked with numbers
• Now a Machine
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Stonehenge
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Abacus
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Types of Computers
• Electronic• Mechanical
• Analog • Digital
General-purposeSpecial-purpose
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“Computer”
• An electronic, general-purpose, digital computer
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The First Electronic Digital Computer
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wGIteTE9glQ&NR=1
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Electronic Components of a Computer
Vacuum Tube
TransistorIntegrated Circuit
(chip)
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Hand-held Computer
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A Brief History of Computers1946 1960 1970 1980 1990
ENIAC
Vacuum TubesTransistors
Integrated Circuits
IBM PC
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Technology • More progress in last 50 years than in the preceding 10,000
• Computers partly responsible
• Computer - tool of many uses
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5 Computer Types• Supercomputers
– Priced from $1 million to $350 million– High-capacity machines with thousands of processors– Multi-user systems
• Mainframe Computers• Workstations• Microcomputers• Microcontrollers
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5 Computer Types• Supercomputers• Mainframe Computers
– Until late 1960’s, the only computer available– Cost $5,000 - $5 million– Multi-user systems; accessed using a terminal– Terminals only have a keyboard and monitor; can’t be used
alone• Workstations• Microcomputers• Microcontrollers
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5 Computer Types• Supercomputers• Mainframe Computers• Workstations
– Introduced in early 1980s– Expensive, powerful personal computers– Used for scientific, mathematical, engineering, computer-aided
design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)– A less-expensive alternative to mainframes
• Microcomputers• Microcontrollers
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5 Computer Types• Supercomputers• Mainframe Computers• Workstations• Microcomputers
– Personal computers that cost $500 to $5000– Used either stand-alone or in a network– Types include: desktop, tower, notebooks, or Personal Digital
Assistants (PDAs)• Microcontrollers
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5 Computer Types• Supercomputers• Mainframe Computers• Workstations• Microcomputers• Microcontrollers
– Also called embedded computers– Tiny, specialized microprocessors inside appliances and
automobiles– They are in: microwaves, programmable ovens, blood-pressure
monitors, air bag sensors, vibration sensors, MP3 players, digital cameras, e-pliances, keyboards, car engine controllers, etc.
Discussion Question: Now, how many of you would say you have NOT used a computer today?
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Why become computer savvy?
• Know what computers can do for you
• Know the limitations of computers
• Know how computers can harm you
• Know how to solve computer problems
• Know when & how to get help
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Common Computer Uses...• Supermarket Checkout• Automobiles• CD Player• Microwave Ovens• Video Games• Home Computers• Check Processing• And Many More...
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Importance of Computers
• Speed• Accuracy• Consistency• Reliability• Storage Capacity
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Computers help to:
• Make us more productive• Make better decisions• Reduce costs
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The “Revolution”
• Stone Age• Bronze Age• Industrial Revolution• Information Age• Information Society
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The Information Age
• Information:• Has value• Is bought and sold
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Computers and Information
• Computers make:• Data collection easier• Production of information easier, faster,
better• Information available in more useable
forms• Help us be more effective
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DATA and INFORMATION
• DATA - Raw, unprocessed facts, not very useful in their current
form
• INFORMATION - The result of processing the DATA - more useful to us
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How Computers Work
• Processes data into information • Uses hardware & software• Operates by performing:
– Input - Output– Processing - Communications– Storage
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Data Becomes Information
INPUT
PROCESSINGOUTPUT
DATA
INFORMATION
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Data Becomes Information
INPUT
PROCESSINGOUTPUT
STORAGE
DATA
INFORMATION
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Basic Concepts of Computers• Minimal configurations
of a typical computer include:
• input units• output units• storage• central processing unit
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Data Becomes Information
• Example• Supermarket Checkout
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Bar Code Reader
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Data Becomes Information
INPUT
PROCESSINGOUTPUT
STORAGE
DATA
INFORMATION
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Basic Concepts of Computers
• Computer Hardware • The electronics and associated mechanical
parts of the computer.
• Computer Software• Consists of instructions that control the
hardware and cause the desired process to happen
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The System Unit
Power Supply
System Board
Hard DrivesorCD-ROM Drives
Floppy Drive
Expansion Card
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Bar Code
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The Keyboard
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Ergonomic Keyboard
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Care of the Keyboard
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Telephone Keypad
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MonitorsType (CRT or LCD) Size Resolution
Pixels
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"Touch" Screen
RestaurantsHotelsTransportation
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Special Terminals ATM’s
POS’s
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Restaurants
Hamburger Cheese-burger
FishSandwich
SaladOnionRings
FrenchFries
ShakePepsiCoke
Specialized Keyboard
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The CPU (Central Processing Unit)
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The “Chip” or IC
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Computer Storage (Media)
• 3 1/2" Diskette
• CD ROM
• Flash drives
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“Floppy” Disk Drive
Floppy Disk Drive
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Hard Disk Drive
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Compact Disk (CD)
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Bits and Bytes BIT stands for Binary Digit A BIT is the smallest unit of
storage• It is either ON (1) or OFF (0)
A BYTE consists of eight BITs
1 11 00 0 01
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Storage Hardware
• Storage capacity – Byte – 1 character– Kilobyte – 1000 characters– Megabyte – 1 million characters– Gigabyte – 1 billion characters– Terabyte – 1 trillion characters
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Computer Lab
INTERNETMINICOMPUTER
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Misuse of Computer Technology