csc exam reviewer

7/26/2019 CSC Exam Reviewer

1/220

*l

REX

Il&ll

ORIANDO

OBISPO

YEBRA

JR.

COMFREHHNSIVH

RHVIHIVHR

FOR

G[RttR

$tRU$n

HrRmffiRm0H$

SUB.PROFHSSIONAL

-

PROFH$$IONAL


2/220

COMPREHENSIVE

REVIEWER

FOR

GNNTTR

STRUIGE

Hr[milm0il$

SUB-PROFESSIONAL

.

PROFESSIONAL

.

Published

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Tef

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Manila,

Philippines

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3/220

7

r

Philippine

Copyright,

2009

by

REX

BOOK

STORE,INC.

and

Orlando

Obispo

Yebra

|r.

RBS

Comprehensive Reviewer

for

Career Service

Examinations

First

Edition

ISBN

978-971

-23-5260-7

Classification:

Reaiewer

(06-RV-00002)

&

fl;

R

REPITINTED:

SEPl El\,1BER 2009

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distribution or sale, without

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Publisher

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Authors.

The infringer

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prosecuted

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compliance

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copyright, trademark,

patent,

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other

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laws.

RBSI's

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Department

of the

Interior

and Locai

Covernment

PHILIPPINE

PUBLIC

SAFETY

COLLEGE

Fort

Bonifacio,

Thguig

City

TeL

No.

-

(632)

881,-2722

Fax

-

(632)

88'J.-2721,,

Website

-

http:

I I

vwvw.ppsc.gov.ph

My

sincerest

greetings

and felicitations

to Police

Superintendent

Orlando

Obispo

Yebr4

jr.,

author

of this commendable

Comprehensive

Reviewer

for

Career Service

Examinations.

Your

book

would

certainly

provide great help

to those who long

to

pass

the career

service

examinations

as

well

as

enhance the knowledge

of those

who

failed

in their

previous attempts.

So

too

our students and

personnel

in

the

Philippine

Public

Safety College System would

surely

find

your book

worth

reading

and keeping in their

respective homes

as

their immediate

handy

reference

from

time to time.

As

you help

countless

professionals

become

part of the

future

corps

of civil

servants in

the

country, we

bid you to

join

us

in

our vision

towards

producing

the best

graduates

who can evolve into

a

new breed

of

leaders

and

managers

in

the

public safety sector.

Congratulations

and

Mabuhay

CESO IV

DGen

(DSC)

BFP

(Ret)

l1I

Vice

President for

Administration


5/220

This book

will

not

be

made possible

without

the

support

and

encouragement

of my friends, my

students,

classmates, and

fellow

officers in the Philippine

National

Police.

First in

the list is Ms.

CHEDI SAMANTHA

B. ORIBELLO

to

whom I

would like to extend

my heartfelt

appreciation and gratitude

for helping

me

conceptualize the idea of

writing

this book

and for her

untiring

support and assistance in researching and encoding

important

facts,

as

well

as for helping me in formulating intelligent

questions

needed

for

the

completion of this

project.

My appreciation

and deep

gratitude

also

to

PO3 Bong Napa

and

Daniel

Nadurata for their

technical support

and endlessly

providing

manpower in doing some legwork

needed

to accomplish

this project.

My special thanks also

to all my students

at the

PPSC and PNTI

and

my

classmates at the MLQU College of

Law

for their

support

and

encouragement.

I

would

also

like

to

express

gratitude

to all

PNPA

TAGAPAGPATUPAD

Class 1992 for their

comments and suggestions

that

became part of this endeavor.

To Rex Bookstore, Inc.,

its Chairman

Juanito

F. Fontelera,

Atty.

Emesto

Salao, Mr.

Robbie

Robleza and

Ms. Rose Ann

Y. Fontelera

for

their

accommodation

in

publishing this book.

I

am also thank{ul to the Men and

Women of the

Manila

Police

District

(MPD)

whose names may

have been inadvertently

not

included,

but equally

served

as

my

encouragement to

become

the best

that I

can

ever

be.

oI

yEBZ'92

Manil4

Philippines

November

2008


6/220

Inspired

by

the

positive

acceptance of my

first

book

"Techniques

and

Strategies

in

Taking the

Civil

Service

Examinations"

by

student-

officers

of the

National Police

College

and

other prospective civil

servants,

I decided

to prepare

this

Comprehensive Reviewer

for

Career

Service

Examinations.

This

humble

work is

once again my modest

contribution to prepare

the

examinees

for Professional

and Sub-Professional Examinations

they

will

be

taking.

It

is

designed

to

provide

examinees

with

a

comprehensive

strategies, techniques,

and

tips

on how to approach

particular

type

or area of examination. Likewise,

practice tests for each

type

of examinations

are

separately presented in this

book,

so

that, the

examinee

can

practice more

and be familiar with the type of question

they

will

be

facing

during

the actual examination

day.

Time and

agairy in

order to pass any

kind

of written examinatiory

a

systematic

and

thorough preparation

is

important.

Be optimistic

that having

this Reviewer

in hand,

you

are more

prepared

than

others who

are

just

relying

on luck and

"hunches"

in taking

the

same

examinations.

Any

commenf

suggestiory and recommendation that will enhance

this

Comprehensive

Reviewer for

Career

Service Examinations are

most welcome,

because

errors

can

always happen

in

good

faith.

The

Author

vll


7/220

Message

iii

Acknowledgment........

v

Preface......

vii

Introduction................

1.

Strategies

and

Helpful Tips

when

Taking the Examination.......

5

Practice

Tests

for

Sub-Professional

Examination

.........................

21

Answer

Key............

1,07

Practice

Tests for

Professional

Examination ............

..

111

Answer

K"y............

193

Appendix.

197

ix


8/220

INTRODUCTION

Passing a

particular

examination

is

far

from

a simple

process

of

learning a subject

and answering

the questions

out

from

it

correctly.

If it were that simple

thery a lot more

people

would

do

a lot better

in

examinations. The

main

reason

that most

people

do

not

find

taking

examination

to be a simple process

is because

they

get

very

iittle

practice

at it and they were

too unfamiliar

on

the way

the questions

were presented. Usually

the first

time

anyone

encounters

anything

like

a

real

examination

sifuation

is in the practice

test and

then

the

next time

it is for real

Considered

one of the most

important

aspects

of

examination

technique that is often overlooked

by

prospective

examinees

is that

of examination

psychology.

Medical

findings

showed that

our

state

of

mind has great influence

on the

way

we act

and its importance

should

never be disregarded.

Hereunder

are conunon

psychological

problems

encountered

when taking examinations,

see how

they

can

be dealt

with.

Every time we

attempt something

new

in life

there

is something

inside us

asking

'I

wonder what

this

will

be

like?'.

This can

be

experienced

in different ways

and feelings

but there

are

two

extremes,

one

being fear

and the other

being curiosity. Try to

recall

how you felt

the first time you

took

the MRT or

LRT,

used

an elevatoq,

an escalato4,

or flew

in a plane or perhaps

a chopper.

Some

people

have

a terrible

fear of

flying

yet

once

they eventually

manage

their

first

flight

they

wonder what's

all their fuss

was about.

Other

people

can't

wait

to get

on

the plane for

the first time

and are

looking

forward

to

finding out

what

flying is really

like.

The

fear of the

unknown can

present

possible

causes

when you

are about

to

take

an examination.

This

is

especially

when

you

have

never

had the experience

of taking

a

major examination

before and

you

wonder

whai the

actual examination

will look

like

and

how the

questions

are presented

and

you

worried

yourself

out.

This fear is

normally

not eiperienced

by

most people

who already

had

the chance

of

dealing

with

major examinatiorL

where

he can already

imagine

what

goes on

in the process

of the

examination.

This fear

tends

to be true

only

for the

"first

timer"

examinees.

Experiencing

this

fear

is

a

normal

reaction

for

most people

and

this naturally

crops up

at most examinations

so

it

is well

worth

learning

how to deai

with it.

The main

thing

to

remember

is

that

the

human

mind

has a great

ability

for magnifying

worries

out of

proportion,

so


9/220

w _a

mlght

start

out as

a little

idle

curiosity

as

to what

the

questions

will-be

gan

very

easily

turn

into

a

nightmare.

Luckily

the human

mind

is

also

fatrly

predictable.

It

can

virtually

guarantee

that

any

worries

you

have

about

the

questions

will

tend

tJ be

focused

o.,

yb.r.

weak

points

rather

than

your

strong

points.

As a consequence

you will

find

that

your

fear

of

the

examination

is

greatest

for

your

*"uku.

subjects.

If

you

have

worked

hard

for

the

examination

then

you

should

be

able.to

make

a

good

attempt

answering

even

the

killei

question.

Try

tg

grv-e

your

optimum

performance

and

always

re-emGr

that

even

thogsh

you're

finding

the

examination

tough,

u

lot

oth"r

examinees

are

finding

it

even

tougher.

You

will

probably

have

no

objections

when

I

say that

we

need

preparations

in

order

to

pass

the

eligibility

examination

given

by

the

Civil

service Commission

but

what

prepaiations

do we

rJaily

n"Ld

i.,

order

to.get

a

passing

mark?

How

are

you going 1c

review,

what

are

the

subjects

that

you

need

to

review?

or

perhips

*ay

for

the first

time?

To

be effectively

prepared

for

the

examination,

the

first thing

an

aspiring

examinee

should

make

is

a comprehensive

review

or rtirdy

schedule.

-

If

you

don't

have

a

schedule

or plan for

reviewing

or studying,

then

you

will

not

have

any

way

of

all,ocating

your

valu"able

time

anl

acquiring

good

chances

of

passing

the

examination.

A

good, well

thought

out

schedule

can help

a lot.

It is

up to

you

how

you are

going

to develop

a

schedule

that

meets

your needs,

but

the most

imp&tan-t

thirg

is,

you

should

follow

it.

The

best time

to review

or

to study

is when you

are rested,

alerf

and

have

planned

for it.

The

next

thing

to consiher

when

reviewing

and

studying

is

your review

space

and

this

should

be as

quiet anJ

comfortable

as

possible.

Avoid

studying

in

places

like

coffee

shops,

sports

joints,

or lounges.

You

will

never

attain

a

very

good receptive

rnood

because

of the

noise

and

distractions

from

the

surroundingi.

-studying

or

reviewing,

make

a habit

of keeping

a waste

basket

h-andy

and

have

a

consistent

place for

everything,

andlbove

all

keep

it

there.

see

to it

that

everything

you need

in

studying

or reviewing

is

within

reach.

Avoid

wasting-time

looking

for

booki,

notes,

o,

oifr",

information. After

you

have

gathered

the

items you

needed, place

them

where

you

can reach

them

easily.

organizing

and

observing

an

effective

study

habits

will definitely

reward

you

as

you

take

the

examination.

consider

these

suggestions


10/220

and develop it in such a way that you

will

do

it routinely.

Begin

studying no less than

30-90

minutes after

meal;

try to

avoid studying

within

30

minutes before going to

sleep;

prioritize

what to

do in your

study period. Make

a

list

of what you

intend to study, and

stick to

it; if

possible, study no more than

30-40

minutes

at

a

stretch.

Maty

students

retain more

by studying for

short

periods

with

breaks

in

between.

It all

depends

on

wiraL

you

are trying

to study,

but generally,

after

a

period

of study, take

a

break.

Take

study breaks away

from

your

desk or

wherever you

are

studying. Let the break be a time to think

about

other

things,

to reflect

on some thoughts

not necessarily

related

to the subject being

studied.

Perhaps the most effective way

of

learning is through

reading.

Reading is not

just

looking

at the

texts of your books.

It involves

combination

of

skills,

which

must be practiced

in

order

to

become

really

good at them, so

read

every day.

Read

for

fun;

read to

learn. Set

a

time aside each day for reading.

When

you

read,

picture what you

read

in

your

mind.

This is

very

important. It is called

"visualizing."

Good

readers

see

in their

heads

what is printed in the book.

To

be a good

readeq,

you

need

to

see

what

you

are reading. You have

a

wonderful

mind. Use

it. The more you

use

it, the smarter you

will

be,

just

as the

more you

read, the better

reader

you

will

be.

Even fiction books can be

a good

source of

information. Good

readers,

over

time, come to know

a

lot about

a

lot

of

things,

which they

pick up when they are

reading. The more you

read, the

more you

will

learn

and

the more

you

will understand.

It is like

a

snowball

rolling

downhill

-

the farther

it rolls,

the bigger

it gets.

You should never

forget

the

value of

having

a

healthy

body.

Being

physicalty

fit also means a healthy

mind;

we all know

that exercise

should

be

an

integral part

of

our daily life

to keep

fit. Having

the

proper

weight according

to

ourheight

and

age

will

lightenthe required

exercise

program. Going

to the gym

is mostly

misconstrued as

the only

best

means to exercise; this

is not true because

we

can exercise

practically

anywhere and everywhere.

Good

health is the basis for an

active

and good

memory.

A

minl

that

is

troubled

by the problems of

sickness

and

general

weakness

cannot concentrate, cannot

pay

full attention since

its resources

are

diverted mostly towards

the

exercise

of

self

preservation. Your

mind

and the nervous system

also need some

vitamins and

minerals,

and

most especially, adequate

rest

and

relief

so that they can

replenish and

rejuvenate themselves

to work more

efficiently.


11/220

A

disturbed

and

distracted

mind

cannot register

things

properry.

Negative

emotions

such

as feaq,

anxiety,

and anger

can

greatry teduie

the flow

of

incoming

information.

Negative attitudes

likewise

equally

damage

chances

of good

memory.

Having

an

open mind,

a

certain

degree

of humility,

willingness

to learn

and

be corrected,

will

enhance

your ability

to

learn and most especially,

your ability

to

remember.


12/220

L.

Strategics

and

Hclpful

Tips

whcn

Taking

thc

Examination

Here

are

some

tips

that

you

must learn if

you

really want

to acquire

the

confidence

before attempting

to deal with

the

firit

question

in

an

examination.

The

night

before

the

examination

One

of the

most

important

ways

of ensuring

you do

well

in

an

examination

is

to make

sure

you

are relaxed

and refreshed

on

the day

of the

examinatron.

This means

getting

a good night's

sleep

beforehand.

As we

all

know,

a

good

night's

sleep

on

the

night

before an

examination

is not

as

easy to

achieve as

it sounds.

You may

find

that

as

you lie

in

bed drifiing

off to

sleep,

you are

unable to

stop

yourself

from

thinking

about

all

the little

problems

you would

still

like

to

sort out. If

this

happens

thery make

a

note

of what you want

to

do and

set

your alarm

to wake

you up

an hour

earlier

so that

you

can

sort

the problems

out.

Do

not

party

or

sleep late

the night

before

an

examinatioru

a

well

and

properly

rested

brain

will

work

much better

to your

advantage

during

an examination.

Make

sure you

know

the time

and the place

of your

examination

Make

sure you

leave

early enough

to get you

to the

examination

place in

plenty

of

time. There

is

nothing worse

than

getting into

a

panic

before

the examination

has

even started

by

worrying

if

you

will

get there

on time

or not. Although

it may

sound

unintelligent,

make

sure

you

know

where

the

examination

is

to be held.

It

would

be

silly to miss the

first 20

minutes simply

because

you went

to the

wrong

building.

Be

able

to handle

pressure

and uncertainty

well

Stay as

calm as

possible

while you wait

to be allowed

entry

to the

examination

room.

Take

your

mind

elsewhere

by

thinking

of things

nicer

than

the

examination. For

example

think about

the

"winding up"

you

will

be

doing

in

a

few

days after

the

examination.

Breathe

deeply

to relax

yourself. The

calmer

you are when you

go

rn,

the

better

you will

deal

with the

examination.

2.

3.


13/220

4.

The

minute

you feel

yourself

starting

to

get

nervous

or panicky,

take

deep

breaths

and

stop

thinking about

the

examination

until

you

have

calmed

down

again.

You should

learn

how to deal

with

your nerves

and

moments

of

panic.

Once

you are

relaxed

and

in control,

you

will be in a

much

better position

to

cope

with

any

anxieties

the

examination may

give

you.

Do not

do

any last

minute

learning

Do

not

attempt

or do last

minute learning

-

this will

only

jam

your

brain.

Relax

and

concentrate,

do

some

breathing

exercises to

calm

your nerves

and help

make your brain

work

better.

It is

better

to

do meditation

sessions. This

relaxes

the brain

and

will

help in

making

it

work

properly. This

is not

an easy thing

to.achieve,

if

you want "meditation"

to work,

you need

to ask

around

for

someone

to teach

you the proper

way

ol

meditating

or

better

yet

go somewhere

where

they

professionally

teach

meditation

Doing

last

minute

learning

while you

wait

to

go

inside

the

examination

room

will

more likely

put

yourself into

a

panic than

do anything

useful.

If

you feel

that you must

do

something then

just

glance

over

your

notes

to

jumpstart

your

mind.

Attempting

to

review

this late in

the

day means

your

review

program

probably

isn't

complete.

Consequently

you are

trying

to

cram

some learning

into

the last few

minutes.

Forget it. This

is

likely

to

do more

harm

than

good. Try

and make

do with the

work

you have

already

done

and

spend these last

minutes

preparing for

the exam

mentally.

Check your questionnaires

_

While

sitting and

waiting

for

the official

time to

start

working

on the examinatiory

check

if

you

have

the right

questionnaire

with

you.

See

to it

that

you have

been given the

correct

examination

paper

and

do

not take

things

for

granted, things

could happen

and

you

would not

feel

right

if

you

find

yourself in

a

predicamen

wasting

your

time and

having

an

unfavorable result.

Normally,

on

the

front

of

the paper

you

will

be

told

how

many

questions

there

are.

Check that there

really are

that many

questions.

This

not

only

confirms that

your paper has

been

printed

correctly

but also

makes

you aware

of questions which

c.


14/220

6,

lr

i]

h

i

you may

well

have

missed,

for instance

on the

back page where

many

people forget

to

look. You

should always

check for

"othe{'

questions

or items

on the back

page.

Read

all

the instructions

carefully

Many

people

get

so

used

to answering

past

examinations

that

they invariably

assume

that

they know

exactly what

they have to

do and

do not

bother

reading

the instructions.

Just

be aware

that

the

format

of the

examination

may well

have

changed so read

the

instructions

carefully.

If

there is anything

you

are unsure of, either

before

the

examination

starts

or

while

you are

on

it,

ask

a

proctor

to

explain.

Be

aware

of how

much

time you

have

for

the

exam

.

Systematize.

l(now

how much

time you

have

for

each

examination

and

divide

the

time accordingly

or approximately.

Allocate

a

time

per

question.

So

if

the examination is

composed

of a total

of 200 items

and

you are given three

(3)

hours

to

finish

the said

examination

that means

you

have

to allocate around

54

seconds

per question.

Another

strategy might

be grouping

the

questions

into blocks

of, say

10,

and allocate

your time accordingly,

i.e.

L0

questions

in

10

minutes. This

is

because some

questions

will

be

very

quick and

easy to

answer while others

will take

longer

to

answer.

Grouping

the

questions in

this

way

will even

out

the

peaks

and troughs

in

the timing.

But do not

consume

all the

time

allocated

for a

particular

question which

you

feel

you could not

answer within

the

time limit

you allocated, skip it and

just

go back

to it later

if

you still have

time for it.

Do

not let

other people's

confidence

put you

off

Stay away from

the

people who are waiting

to go

into

the

examination,

even from

your friends.

Being

in the

crowds

of people waiting to go into the

examination

is a very

dangerous time. People

who love to get

together

and

discuss

what they

do and

do

not know

and

try

to

get

help

on their last minute

problems

might

only add agitation

on

your

part

and

similarly,

a

discussion about

a

particular topic

with

different

people giving

different opinions will

only confuse you.

The

best

thing

to do is

to stay

away

from

everyone. This

way

you

will

avoid being

made

confused or

more

nervous.

,7

8.


15/220

At

times

their

confidence in

themselves is

a

negative

thought

that can

put

you off

and derail

your own confidence,

so, again

avoid talking

to

friends,

acquaintances

or classmates

just

before

taking

an

examination.

Other

people are

too

arrogant,

probably

because

of

their

own insecurities,

will

brag

or boost about their

confidence in

the forthcoming

examination

and this might

side track your

confidence.

Do

not

permit

this to affect you. Focus

on what you are

supposed

to do in

the examination

so that no

amount of arrogance

from

other

people could

put you

off.

Never

let them

upset

you or worry

you. Under pressure

people

are at

their worst

and while they may

not lie

they may

not

always be

100%

truthful

in what

they tell you.

For instance,

a

friend

may

tell you that

he has finished all

his review and is ready

for

the

examination

but in reality,

he

is

probably

unprepared and

justboosting

his

confidence

by telling you these

things and seeing

your

reaction.

Never believe

such stories

because

they are usually

untrue

and

will

only worry

you.

All that

matters is that

you

are

ready

for

the examination

and that you

will

do well.

9.

Do not

allow

a

defeatist

attitude

Going

to an examination

and declaring

"Que

Sera Sera"

or

"Bahala

Na" is a defeatist

attitude. This

only means that you

are

not prepared

to

take the

examination.

Have

a

positive attitude

-

if you think you're

going

to fail

then

you

probably

will fail.

Going into an examination

with

a

feeling

of

doom

and

gloom can

only make

your

performance

worse. Some

might

say

that

you

almost

want yourself

to

do badly

simply

so

that

you can

say,

"I

told

you I was going to fail".

Snap out of this

attitude.

Have

a

positive

attitude. Hold your head

up high

and

tell

the world

that you are

going

to do well.

Put

across an air of quiet

confidence.

Remember

that

you are not the only

one sitting

in

the

examination

room

and that hundreds

of other people are

experiencing

the

same

emotions

in

the

same

way

as

you

are.

Think

of how

much

better prepared

you are

for

the

examination

than

they

are and

how much

better

you

will do

as

a

consequence.


16/220

v

a

v

d

g

v

e

ht

in

re

II

in

rr

re

f

e

e

K

n

11.

10.

Synchronize

yolurwatch

As

you

enter

the

examination

hall

and find

your seat,

take

a

good look

at your

surroundings.

See

where

the clock is

located

and

check

that

the

time

it is

showing is

the

same with

the time

on

your

watch.

It

is imperative

for

us to

synchronize

our

watches with

the

official

clock in

the

place

of examination.

Being

aware

of

the

proper

time

helps

us in

organizing

our

strategies

in taking

an

examination.

There

is nothing

worse

than

being told

that the

examination

finishes

at 12:30

and

then

being

told to stop

writing

at what

you

think

is 12:25

simply

because

your watch is

5 minutes

behindthe

examination

hall

clock.

Have

spare pens,

pencils,

and

some sweets

Be

well

prepared,

have

extra pencils,

but do not

bring pencil

sharpeners

because

using

this will eat up

precious

time. Another

problem

likely

to

appear

during

examination

is

a rumbling

stomach

that

could

well

put you

off track.

You need

to eat right amount

of

food

before

taking

the examination. Eating

too

less

would

make

you experience

hunger

just

a

couple

of

hours

into

the examination,

and

eating

too much

may

cause

you to be

drowsy

or sleepy which

will

affect

your performance

in taking the

examination.

You may

bring

candies

or sweets

with

you, for you

to munch

on

in

case

you

feel

hungry

and the

sugar

in the candies

will help

boost your

sagging

energies.

Remove

distractions

If at

any

stage in

the examination

there is

a

problem with

your

seating

position

then

tell

the proctor immediately

and request for

assistance.

For instance,

the

sun

may

be in

your eyes

or

you

are

unable

to

see the clock

in which

you may request

to

be

reseated

somewhere

else.

If

your

desk wobbles then

use

some paper to

stabilize

it. Whatever

happens

make sure that

you are completely

happy

withwhere

you are

sitting. After all if

something

is

irritating

you

then

it will

irritate you

even more

in

an

hour

time when

you

are trying

to

concentrate

and

you will be distracted

from the task

in

hand.

12.


17/220

13.

Jot

down

the

things

that

you might forget

(if

allowed)

As

soon

as

you

are allowed

to write,

start

jotting

down

all the

things

from

your review

notes

that you

think

you

might

forget,

for

example

anything

you

have learned

in

the last days

of your

review.

Sometimes

you

might

be

allowed

to write from

the time

you

sit

down but

often

you

will

have

to

wait

until

you

are

told

you

can

start

writing.

Don't

write

unless

you are

sure you are

allowed

to.

Ask

if you

are

unsure.

More

often than

not,

it

is allowed

to have

blank

sheets

of

paper

for

you

to

use

as

scratch

paper.

Before

you do the

exam,

use

this

blank

paper to

jot

down

the things

you need

to do to

serve

as

a

reminder

as

you take

the examination.

Do

not rely

on mental

notes/

just jot

it down

for

you

to be

reminded

later.

Attempt

favorite

section first

Go or

proceed

to

your

"favorite"

subject

or section initially

and

tackle

it. If

you do

this it

will trigger

your thoughts to

function

easily.

Doing

this

strategy

keeps your

confidence at its

peak

throughout

the

examination.

This will also

boost

you to overcome

your

initial

nerves. Once

you're

into

the

examination

and

have

settled

down with

a few

simple questions

under

your belt,

you

will be

in a

much

better

mental state

of mind

to answer the

more

difficult

questions.

Beware

of

speed

breaker questions

There

are

series

of

questions that are

arranged in

a sequence

that

will make

you

in

a

"continuous

answering

mode". Then

the

sequence

of

"easy

questions"

will

be

followed by

a

question

that

will

stun

you for

a

while.

If

you get stuck

or bogged

down at

this,

and it looks

like

the

problem

might take

a

while

to sort out, leave

the

problem

to

your

subconscious mind

to

sort out, while

you go

and

attempt

to

answer

another

question.

You can refurn

to the

'sticking

point' later

if

you still have time.

The

basic technique

for getting

unstuck is

to think of

your

review

and

not

of the

question

you are actually

trying to attempt.

In

effect

you

are

trying

to

get

into

your

memory via

the

back door.

Read

the

question

and

use that to trigger

the relevant

memory

areas.

If

you dry

'up,

use this

technique to

effectively get

you

remembering

all the

work

you have done

on the subject with

the

14.

15.

10


18/220

of

FC

ve

lal

he

eI,

r.rr

ne

DU

ed

ly

)n

*

ne

i/e

)u

re

ff

)t.

)r.

hope

that

you will suddenly

stumble

upon

something relevant to

the

current

problem.

16.

Do not

dwell on the questions

for too long

Do

not dwell

on a question

for

too long, especially

if

you

already know

the answer

to it. Time is limited and you could be

pickingup

points elsewhere rather thanwasting

time on

a

question

that you cannot

do

or

just

only confirming your answer by

reading

it

again

and again.

Doing

so

will

eat

up

a

lot

of precious

time.

During

your

review, see

to it that you practice

reading

questions

at a glance

and immediately

being able to understand

what

the

question is. This is

not an

easy

thi.g to do

so

you need a lot of

practice to

be able to possess

the

ability to

glance at

a

question

and

have

a

complete

understanding of

it

as

well.

'

As mentioned

earlie4, work out

how much time you have

available

for

each question" with allowance for checking your

answers

at the

end. Never

allot

more time for questions

that look

as though they

might take longer. The questions are written such

that a

person who is

capable of answering them

has a sufficient

amount

of time in which

to do so.

If you think

you

will run out

of time on a question

do not overrun

unless you

are

within a few

minutes

of

finishing.

Leave

it

and return

to

it

later

if

you

have

time.

17, Manage

stress mental block

Our thoughts

or mind goes blank especially during

time of

stress. When

this happens do not go into panic.

Just

tell yourself

that

it

is natural.

Close your eyes and think of things

that are

pleasant

to

you

and along

with

this, do

some

breathing

exercises,

this

will help relax your

mind. Go

back to your examination

as

soon as

you

have all

the proper senses

back. Think

of

something

else

-

a

friend,

a

joke,

or anything unrelated to the examination.

It

doesn't matter

what so long

as

you

take your

mind

off

the current

problems. Stay calm and think

of

nice thoughts.

Remaining calm is

the most

important thing

at

this time because the

more

you

panic

the harder it will be for

you to recover.

The

fact that

your

mind

has gone

blank

indicates that

you

are

suffering under

pressure and the

first step towards recovery

is

to

stop worrying about

the examination.

Remind yourself

that you

are well

prepared

and

are going

to do well.

ce

1e

at

is,

rc

io

1e

ry

)u

1e

11


19/220

18.

Guessing

-

Obviously,

there

is no

sure way

to

correctly

guess an

answer

if

you

don't

have

any

idea

about

it in

the

first

place. If

you need

to

do

some

guessing,

do

not

resort

to

random

guesses,

instead

always

try

to

eliminate

at least

one answer

choice before

you

confirm

your

response.

You

may

also

divide

the answers

into

,possibles,

and

'impossibles'

thus

narrowing

down your

choice.

with

the answers

now

visible

you may

be able

to

see

where

you

went

wrong

in

your

initial

attempts.

At the

end

of the

day thouglu

if

you

real$

cannot

work

out

the

correct

answer

the

only solution

is

to pick

one

of the

'possibles'

at random

and

hope

for the

best.

Always

get

to the

end

of the paper

'

If

you

are

abie

to

time

manage

during

an

examination,

it

will

almost

always

allow

you

to get to

the

end

of the

examination

papers.

-

Vgry

often there

will

be

10

easy

questions

at

the

end. If

you

get

bogged

down

in

the

middle

and do

nbt have

enough

time tb

ft;sh

then

you

have

thror,rm

away

easy

points. These

eaiy

questions

are

often

put

at the end

of

the

questionnaire to

test

yo.tr

Lxamination

technique.

People

with

poor

technique

may

not

get this far

and

will

not

get

"sure"

points.

Having

followed

the

techniques

and

strategies

given in

this

Reviewe4,

it

is

a

guarantee

that

you

will have

enough

iime, for

you

to

go

over

your

answer

sheet

and

make

sure

that you

have

ail

the

questions

answered.

Do

not

leave

any

question

unanswered.

Using

the answer

sheet

You

can

save

a

lot

of

time

using

your

answer

sheet

only

on

the

remaining

15 minutes

or

so

oi the

allotted

time for

th-e

examination.

sounds

weird?

I

hope not.

A

lot

of material

time

is

wasted

by

answeri.g

u

questiory remembering

its numbe4,

shiftingyour

focus

to

the

ans*er

sheet,

marking

yor-=,

urrr*e4,

and

focusing

back

to

the

questionnaire

again

for the

next

question.

By

transferring

answers

to

your

answer

sheet

on the

lasf15

minutes

or

sor

you

can

just

focus

your

attention on

the

questionnaire and

mark

each

answer

directly

on it.

With this

technique,

you do

not

only

save

time,

you

are

also

sure

that

your

answers

go

to

the

corresponding

number

in

the

answer

sheet.

19.

20.

12


20/220

27.

Dealing

with multiple

choice

questions

Civil Service Examinations are

formatted in

a

multiple

choice

type where all the answers are given

to

you so

all you

have to

do is

to

choose the

right

one.

Multiple

choice type of

question

is easy, provided you go about it

in the correct way.

There is

a

right

method and

a

wrong

method

for

attempting

these

types

of

examination

and

most

people use

the wrong method.

The

wrong way of answering

multiple choice exams

is to read

the questioru look at the answers and

choose the one

that

looks to

be correct. The

reason

for this is that

while there is only

one correct

answer there are

other

answers which

are very plausible

and are

put there simply to mislead you.

It is amazing how good

we are

at

looking

at

an

incorrect

answer

long

enough

to convince ourselves

that

it

is

correct.

.

The

correct way to choose your

answer

is like this

-

use

a

blank

piece

of paper or your palm

to

cover up the questions

and

gradually pull it down to reveal the

question but

not the

answers.

Read the

question carefully

and

try

to

work out the answer

without

looking at the answers you given.

Then

reveal the answers

and

choose the one that matches yours.

Do

not

enter

into

post-mortems

Do not discuss withyour peers

the

just

concluded

examination

as

this

is

just

a

waste

of

time.

"It

is

water under

a

bridge"

and "No

use

crying

over

spilled milk".

It is too

late now to do

anything

about what you've

written so what's

the point

in discussing

it.

You are

only

likely

to

worry

yourself

with

your

mind

focusing

in

on everything you

think

you

might

have got wrong

rather

than on

the good points.

If

you

find

an

examination

hard

then remember

that

others

will

be finding

it hard

too.

If you

have worked

hard

for

the

examination

then you should be

able

to make a good

attempt at

even the hardest question.

Reoding Comprehension

Tips

Reading

comprehension questions

are formulated

to

test your

understanding

of the

implications,

meanings, and structures presented

in the passages. Normally, you

can

find 8

to L0

passages

of

100 to 200

words

each

in

the

verbal ability section

of

the

CSC

examinations.

You

can

normally find the questions

after each

passage.

I

d

d

u

A

u

5

r

t

e

t

:I

t

I

l

t

t

22.

13


21/220

1. Typ"s

of Reading

Comprehension Passages

The

passages that

you usually encounter in

CSC

Examinations

will most

likely deal

with

science

and technology,

social

science,

or business

passages. In

dealing with each type

of

passage, you

need to

apply different

test-taking strategy. Most test writers

intentionally

pick

obscure

topics

for

comprehension

passages.

This

is done to minimize

the

chances

of

giving someone

with

"expertise"

to a particular

topic an undue advantage over others

taking the

same test.

In dealing with

Science and Technology

passages,

you

should

approach them

by doing an initial

speed

reading

/

skimming of

the

text.

Science passages

are

very

facfual

and

straightforward.

Hence,

they will likely

provide the easiest

reading

comprehension

questions

you will encounter in the examination. You are much

more likely

to see several

factual questions that can be

answered

directly

from the

passage. Science passages will likely

be

the

easiest reading

comprehension

questions

you

encounter.

Social

Science passages are normally those that deal with

topics

such

as

history,

politics,

and geography.

They will probably

be

the most

enjoyable

reading

comprehension

passages

you

will

read.

This is fortunate,

because

you

must read theie passages

slowly in

order to answer

the many

inference

questions

they are

sure

to

present

Business

passages involve very

difficult

structures,

and

present questions that

require you to

infer information and even

to determine

the authors' moods and opinions. They need

to

be

read

slowly and carefully.

Frequently, business

passages also

include compound

words

that few

people

have

ever heard before, and that even

fewer

people use

in

ordinary conversation. Do not feel bad when you

run into

such terms. They

are not

very difficult to decipher

if

you

break them down and

examine each of

their

parts.

Common Types

of Reading

Comprehension

Questions

Factual

Questions

You

will

likely find

these questions

the

easiest

ones

to

answel but also

the most time

consuming. You need to be

careful

because they often contain

"curveballs"

such

as

those

described

below, in the

strategies

and

tips section.

Howeve4,

1.4


22/220

b.

these

curveballs are

also relatively easy to

recognize

and

overcome.

Inference

Questions

In{erence

questions

do not test

your

knowledge

of

explicitly-cited

facts,

but

rather

your ability

to

draw

conclusions

from

other information.

These

questions

may

evenaskyoutomake

a

judgment

aboutthe

author's opinions,

or to guess what

further conclusions the author might draw.

They are usually

the most difficult questions for test

takers.

Main Idea

Questions

Main idea

questions ask the test taker to identify

the

passage's

overall theme, as opposed to supporting

facts

and

arguments.

Many

clients have

told

us

that they

thought

these

questions were

exceptionally

difficult. Our

advice is

to

accept

that

just

because all of

the answer choices

have been

discussed in the

passage,

it

does

not mean that every one of

them

can be called the passage's

central theme.

Tone

Questions

You

will often be asked to

describe the passage's tone.

The

same general

rule

about

negativity

applies here.

The

tone is much more

likely to be

positive

or

neutral

than it is

to

be negative. For a science passage,

the tone is most likely

neutral.

Use

your

scrap

paper

Since these passages

can

be rather

long

and present

difficult

sentence and

paragraph structures,

you may want

to use your

scrap

paper

to

take

aery

brief

notes

on

the

main

ideas

of

each

paragraph.

Taking

brief

notes

is

particularly

useful

for remembering

where to find factual information

in the science passages.

When

we say very brief notes,

what

we

have in mind is something

along the lines

of

"Paragraph

1: The different types

of butterflies,

Paragraph 2: How their nervous systems

work,

Paragraph

3:

Why

pesticide

A is killing

too

many of

them," and the

likes.

Use

abbreviations liberally. Using

scrap

paper

in

this fashion

can also

help you outline passages and identify

their main arguments

for

main idea

questions.

d.

2.

15


23/220

4.

-

Of course,

yol

can

also

use

your

scrap

paper

as

you

go along,

to keep

track

of the

answer

choices

you

are

ibl"

to eliminate

as

incorrect.

Read

the

first

question

before

you read

the passage

You

will

gain

a

slight

advantage

by reading

the

first

question

before

you

read

the

passage

for the

first

time.

This

will gi'u"

yo.,

a

better

idea

of what

you

should

be focusing

on as

yo,r ruud,

itt

order

to

answer

that

question.

Identify

the

type

of

passage

you

are

reading

Remember

the

type

of

passage

presented

above

and

each

one

should

be treated

differently

in

order

to

optimize

your

score

on

this

section.

whe_n

answering

a

fact

question,

read

boththe

passageproviding

the

data

-

and

several

lines

before

it

-

carefully

-

when

a

fact

question

directs

you

to look

at a

particular

line

of text

for

information,

you

will

often find

that

one

of the answer

choices

is

a

deceptive

one,

taken

directly

from

that

line number.

More

likely

than

not,

there

will

be

something

in

the

sentence

or two

before

the referenced

line number

that

will

give

you

the

proper

frame

for interpreting

the

data

-

and

hence

direci

you

to

the

right

answer

to the

fact

question.

Do

not

ju''rp

to

conclusions

with fact

questions

using roman

numerals

to

identify

answer

choices

You

will

recognize

this

style

of

question as

soon

as

you

see

it:

a.

I only

b.

II

only

c.

III

only

d.

I and

II

only

e.

II

and

III

only

The

catch

is

that,

oftentimes,

facts I

and

II will

be

presented

very-

close

to

each

other

in

the

passage,

but

fact

III will

-be

buried

much

further

in

the

text.

Take

the time

to

review

and

consider

each

fact

on its

own

merits.

76


24/220

7.

Know

the function

of

each paragraph

Some

functions:

to introduce

to give

the

main

idea

(author's

ultimate

opinion)

to give

an

alternate

idea

(potentially

a

criticism

of

the author's

idea)

to

support

an

idea

to refute

an

idea

to

exemplify

to

compare

and

contrast

8.

Use your

finger

as

a

pointer

Run

it

below

the line

of text. The

human

eye naturally

follows

a

pointel,

so this

keeps

your eye going

at the pace

your

brain

wants.

Ideally

right-handed

students

should use their

left

hands

as

pointers.

That

way they can take

occasional

notes

in

while

holding

their

place

in the passage

with their

left

hand.

Anolylicol

Reosoning Tips

All

Civil

Service

Commission

Examinations

contain Analytical

Reasoning

problems.

Make

each problem the

sole focus

of your being

for the

time

it takes

you

to

work it. Do not

think about anything

else.

Ignore

the

other problems,

the rest

of

the

test

questions,

your

hopes

and

fears

about

the

future,

and

your dinner plans

for that evening.

Remember

the Zen approach

-

live in the present.

When

you walk into

the room

where

you

will

take the

eligibility

examinations,

forget

your

preconceived

notions

about the examinatiorL

rules,

and

standardized

tests.

Everythirg

you

need

to

answer

all

the

questions

on the test

is

contained in the

test booklet. Don't

read

anything

into

the questions.

Focus your whole

being on the

page in

front

of you.

EveryAnalytical

Reasoning

puzzleis like

a

little world all its

own.

The way

to

succeed is

to immersed

yourself

in

that

world

and

become

totally

familiar

with

its

rules and

possibilities. In fac while

you

immerse

yourself into

this

problem's

little world"

you want

to leave

all

your

knowledge

about

the

subject

at home.

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

t.

o

o'

L7


25/220

In

order

to

become

as

familiar with that

world as possible

as

canbe,

take your time

setting

up your diagram before

you start attempting

the

questions.

Explore

the

rules,

savoring

the possibilities

like a connoisseur

with

a

mouthful

of fine

wine.

Make sure

you understand

what

the rules

say and consider what they do not say.

Draw

any conclusions you

can.

The

better

you

prepare

yourself,

the

easier

the questions

will

be.

You do not have to work the problems

in

consecutive

order.

You

can

work the second problem first, and

then the

fourttu the

first, and

the third if you want to. No

one

cares

-

just

as long

as you

answer

them all.

Whatever you do, do not skip from one

problem

to another

without

finishing

all the problem's questions" If you

do,

you

are wasting

time

and

unnecessarily

addling

your

brain.

Think

about

it

-

for

every

problem,.you

need to hold in your head

a fact pattern

that allows

you

to answer

its

questions.

Sure,

you

write

down

notes and a

diagram,

but the most important

information

is

in your

brain.

If

you

leave

one

problem

unfinished to work on another,

intending

to come

back

to the

first one,

when you do come back, you

have

to relearn the

facts.

Your

brain can only

hold so much information

at once.

Given

the

time it

takes to figure out the

facts

of one problem,

you can get

a

better

score

by

finishing

three problems and

skipping

one

thanby frantically

trying

to hit parts of all four problems.

After you finished a problem,

forget about

it. It

is

over

and done

with,

and

you need the brain

space

it occupied

. Be Zen

-

live

in the

present.

Leave

the past

in the past.

Dolo Interprelotion

Tips

In

gleaning data

from

a

chart,

graph

or

table,

it

is

remarkably

easy

to

inadvertently grab

your

data

from the

wrong

graph,

bal

line,

and

the

likes. This is the number one

(1)

cause

of incorrect

responses

of

examinees

in dealing with data interpretation.

To avoid

this

blunde+

use your finger

in

pointing

to the data you

want.

Check

to see if the question

asks

for an

approximation.If

so, you

can safely estimate

numbers by

rounding off.

Do

not

confuse percentages

with

raw

numbers.

Always

ask

yourself

which type of

number the chart

or

graph

is

providing,

and

what the question is asking

for.

t

1B


26/220

It

is

okay

to rely on

visual approximations

when

it comes to

reading bar graphs

and

line

charts.

The test-makers

are

not out

io test

your eyesight. So

if two or

more answer

choices come

very,

very close

to

your

solution,

rest assured that you

need not estimate

values

more

precisely.

Instead, go

back to square

1, you have

made

some other

mistake along the way.

Take

15-30

seconds

right up

front

to assimilate

and

make sense

of

the charf graph,

or table

_-

and be

sure

to read all

the

information

around

it.

Get

a

sense

of what

the variables

are for and

how

they

relate

to one

another

-before

you tackle

the questions.

The ability to interpret

data presented

in

tables,

graphs,

and charts

is

common

in

examination

like the CAREER

SERVICE

EXAMINATION.

This

area

of

the examination

involves

analysis

of

or

decision-making

based on

numerical

and data

interpretation.

Data interpretation problems

usually

require two

basic

steps.

Firsf

vou

have to

read

a

chart or graph

in

order

to obtain

certain

information.

Then you

have to apply or

manipulate

the

information

in

order

to

obtain

an answer.

These questions

often

use very specific

illustrations,

for example

the question

may present

financial

data'

Data

Interpretation

questions

are

very

widely

used

in assessing

ie

examinees'

analysis

capability.

Many

people

who

have

been out of

:he

education

system

for a

while or

who

do

not use

interpret

graphs,

:ie

charts, scatter

diagrams,

and tables

of

data on

a day-to-day

basis

nav feel overawed

by

these types

of

question.

The important

thing to

:emember

is

that

you do

not need

to

have studied

mathematics

to a high

.;r-el to succeed.

These questions

are

primarily

tests

of

interpretation

:,..d

the

math

needed

is

invariably

straightforward.

Proclice,

proctice,

Proctice

You cannot expect

to

become

a scratch

golfer

just

by

reading

a

:=',\- magazine

articles

and

watching

a few golf

tournaments

on TV.

I:actice makes perfect.

If you

want

to

excel

in any

examinatio'ry

you

:

e.cd

to accustom

yourself

to

types

of questions

given

in

a particular

=,':tnation.

You

also

need to work

through

many

practice

questions

.::. learn

to

put

tips

and strategies

like the

ones

we have

presented

to

-.:,:

i

I

ilt

it

lI

fl

il

r

u

19


27/220

,.,,,,|

i,lTll

i#i@ru;

,i

I

t


28/220

VOCABULARY

Word ltlcaning

Direction:

Choose

the correct

meaning

of

the

underlined

words.

1.

Leave

your

humdrum behind,

come together

and

let's

make

everlasting

memories.

a.

happiness

b.

boredom

2.

Moses

established

a

grave

and

pnrdettL law

c.

witty

d.

impossible

3.

The event

was

postponed

because

to the

bad

weather'

8.

Punctuality

is the politeness

of

Kings.

a. secure

b.

wise

a.

went on

b.

against

a.

change

name

b.

combined

a.

element

b. effect

a.

style of cooking

b.

servers

a.

being

huppy

b.

being

wonderful

c.

monotony

d.

restless

c.

canceled

d.

within

c.

decided

d.

degrade

c.

enlarge

d.

cut

into

c.

sign

d.

view

c.

menu

d.

agenda

c.

being on

time

d.

being

handsome

4.

It was resolved

to

make a contribution

of

P2

million

Pesos

for the

charity

institutions.

a.

approval

b.

dreamed

5. Ana

mersed

the two sets

of

data.

6.

Neck

pain

is

one

symptom of meningitis.

7.

The Le

Mont restaurant

on

the top

floor serves

French

cuisine.

22


29/220

11. A terrier

is

a formidable

opponent

for a

fox.

9. I tilted the mirrol, inspecting

my tongue.

a.

sloping

b. tall

10. Despite millions

of

publicity.

a. hesitate

b. accept

c. flexible

d.

adjusted

income,

show

bands can falter

due to bad

c. go on

d.

quit

c. good

d. causing

fear for apprehension

c.

undergroundpassageway

d. opencanal

c.

blue print

d. copy

c.

approved

d. submitted

23

12. Each of the bedrooms are individually

designed to

reflect

the

unioue

ambiance of the hotel.

a.

production c.

pervading

atmosphere

b. cost d. personality

13. The stone is chiefly a tenacious

red clay and partly

a gravelly

loam.

a. smooth c.

harden

b. tough d.

compressed

-1.

The war is

ending,

the Italian

wants

to leave, they

have an

altercation with the Germans.

c. war

d. dispute

-5.

The

traffic

passes

through

an

encrypted tunnel.

a. annoymg

b. strong

a.

concem

b.

business

a.

highway

b.

corridor

a. original

b. hand written

a.

notorious

b.

joined

-:.

No charge will be

made for this duplicate

certificate.

*

That criminal became

infamous in the

underground.


30/220

18. Let's face it, nobody really wants to stalk

the deer.

20. Knowledge

can and should be acquired

gradually.

a.

murder

b.

track

19. A very

small of electric

equilibrium.

a. soil

b.

dinosaur

a. gain

tr.r

D. malntaln

a.

cure

b.

painless

a. daily

b.

Iarger

or

greater

a. recognized

b. checked

24.

Such

calumny is

easy

country.

a.

acknowledge

b.

cheered

c.

eat

d. cook

pulse

is needed

to disturb the

c. balance

d.

asleep

c.

use

d.

distribute

c.

deadly

d.

successful

c.

double

d.

believed

c.

cannotbe separated

d.

usual

to utter

yet hard to

refute

in foreign

c.

praise

d.

malicious statement

c. rcalize

d.

kind

24

27. Taking too much of

a

sedative drug

can

lead

to

a

fatal overdose.

22. Due to massive expansion plans,

we

are

looking for an experienced

Resource Manager.

23. Bridal

bouquets

are an inseparable part

of wedding

ceremonies.

25.

God

will teach you real peace by putting

you

in absolute

chaos.

a. trouble c.

unruly

b. extreme confusion d.

desperate

26.

God is always

gracious enough

to

give us time

to

embrace

His

truth in our life.

a. shining

b.

worshipful


31/220

27.

The realistic

story is

certainly

more artistic

than

the melodramatic

story.

L.l

29. The

most

difficult

thing

to write was

the actual

svnopsis

of the

episode.

a.

title

b.

ending

Diarrhea

causes

deh

a.

loss

of teeth

b. loss

of appetite

i1.

Ang

pagtulong

sa

kapwa

ay dapat bukal

sa damdamin.

a. matapat

b.

kusa

:1. Ang kanyang

hangarin

ay

mabuti

para

sa

mamamayan.

28.

Nausea is common to

pregnant women.

a.

awake

at night

b. hunger

a.

sensational

b. inspirational

a.

dalangin

b.

pangarap

a.

kawanihan

b. komisyon

a.

nakakapangilabot

b. kalunos-lunos

a.

nagkalat

b.

istambay

c. thriller

d.

comedy

c.

impulse

to vomit

d.

sleepiness

c. summary

d.

composition

humans.

c.

loss

of water

d. loss

of hair

c. unawa

d.

likas

c. layunin

d. adhikain

c.

sangay

d.

komite

c.

kahindik-hindik

d. kasuklam-suklam

c.

iskwater

d.

palaboy

F

:,1. Si Mario

ay

tumiwalag

sa

lupon

ng samahan.

:"i Ang

krimen

na naganap

kagabi

ay

nakaririmarim.

_l_

csc exam reviewer

Documents