csp and effective septage faecal sludge...
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CSP and Effective Septage & Faecal Sludge Management
Suresh Kumar RohillaPrograme Director, CSE
th l18th July 2016
Elements for Sustainable Urban S it ti A ti
Livelihood and
Sanitation ‐ A perspectiveClimateLivelihood and
quality of lifeof urban population
SectorsPublic Infrastructure including transport
Health facilities
Climate Change
Housing (formal/in
Land use
Water resources
Public Health
Sanitation
Water supply
Solid waste
Storm Access to (formal/informal)
Pollution control
Waste water
Storm water
Access to toilets
BusinessIndustry
Environmental l
Gender
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Quality
Elements of urban development and their linkages with water resources – sanitationlinkages with water resources – sanitation
Causes of water contamination
Ground water Contamination
Multiple dimensions
Stagnation Causes of water contamination
Sewage into streams
Direct contact with polluted
water Direct disposal
Direct discharge into water bodies
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Urban Sanitation initiatives - Overview
as well as NationalNational Mission Clean Ganga
118 Cities
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Introduction to National Urban Sanitation Policy - 2008Sanitation Policy - 2008
All cities & towns become -
1. totally sanitized, healthy and liveable ,
2. and ensure and sustain good public health and environmental outcomes for all their citizens
Visionenvironmental outcomes for all their citizens
3. with a special focus on hygienic and affordable sanitation facilities for the urban poor and women.
1. Awareness Generation and Behaviour ChangeSpecific
2. Achieving Open Defecation Free Cities
3. Achieving Integrated City-Wide Sanitation
goals
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MOUD, GOI launched a NUSP to address all aspects related to urban sanitation in a comprehensive manner on November 12, 2008.
National Urban Sanitation Policy 2008
All cities and towns become totally sanitized, healthy and livable, ensure and sustain public health and environmental
t f ll th i itioutcomes for all their citizens.
Mil t f 100% S it tiMilestones for 100% Sanitation1. Open Defecation Free2 Wastewater and Drainage safely managed2. Wastewater and Drainage safely managed
a) All grey water collected and disposed off safely;b) All storm water is properly managedb) All storm water is properly managed
Sanitary and Safe Disposal100 % f h t d li id t f ll• 100 % of human excreta and liquid wastes from all sanitation facilities must be disposed of safely.
This will be achieved by:This will be achieved by:• Ensuring that all human wastes are collected, treated and
disposed of safely;p y• Promoting proper disposal and treatment of sludge from
on- site installations (septic tanks, pit latrines, etc.);• Promoting proper functioning of network-based sewerage
systems and ensuring connections of households to them;• Encourage recycle and reuse of treated waste water• Encourage recycle and reuse of treated waste water
for non-potable applications, wherever possible.
• Responsibility for provision of sanitation facilities in the t i il t ith l l t b dicountry primarily rests with local government bodies.
• The State and Central Govt. act as facilitators, through genabling policies, budgetary support and capacity development
• Central Govt. through the 5 Year Plans, guides investment in the sector by allocating funds for Strategic priorities.
NUSP – Implementation t tstrategy
NUSP Instruments GoI
• Assistance to prepare DPRs• PPP for key projects• Funding of projects under
CitiesStates
State Sanitation Strategies
City Sanitation
Plans
Funding of projects under existing schemes:• National and State level• PPPStrategies Plans
Detailed Project
PPP• External funding agencies
• Support clarification of institutional roles and
State Reward j
Reports
Implementation
responsibilities• National information, education
and communication strategy
Scheme
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Implementation• National capacity building
strategy• M&E: Periodic rating of cities
What does CSP achieve ?Robust Institutional set upFinancial sustainabilityyRobust baseline information databaseUnderstanding of existing systemAwareness generationCitizens participationTechnological options – combined / integrated approachCustomised solutions
CSP is not a DPR ...
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CSP as a framework to formulate solutions for the illustrated
problem areasCity Sanitation
Planning as a process
Inception
g p
Phase I: Diagnosis
plan
ning
Phase II: Consultation, analysis andevaluation
ipat
ory
p
Phase III: Strategy development
Part
ic
M1: City Sanitation Plan ‐ Relevance and added values
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Finalisation
CSP : Reaching an informed decision from various optionsReaching an informed decision from various options
The final aim of strategy development is reaching an i f d d i i th t b l i d t t k h ldinformed decision that can be explained to stakeholders, council and CSTF and that is implementable
• Every context is different There is no blue-print solution
• Use your data for analysis• Use your data for analysis• Consider various options• Discuss options within the CSTF and the technicalDiscuss options within the CSTF and the technical
teams of the ULB• Options need to be assessed not only technically,
but financially, socially, environmentally and for human resources
Most part of city depends on Septic
Tanks (ST)
Y
Are existing ST designed per standards
Retrofit/Replace existing ST in conformity with design standards
N
Sewage /Effluent management
Strategy Development :
Does any secondary treatment system exist
Does any STP exist in the area
Ensure ST effluent/grey
water from HH is connected to soak N
N YSeptage management
Sewage /Effluent management
system exist for ST effluent
Can existing STP receive/be Explore other
connected to soak pit
N
YY
Is there a small bore network in the vicinity
augmented for receiving hydraulic
load
pseptage treatment
systems
NYY
N
Connect to the small bore sewer network to
collect&transport effluent for treatment
Co‐treat septage with wastewater and reuse/dispose per
standards
Develop a small bore network to
collect&transport effluent for treatment
Existing ST as
interceptors
Reuse/Recover
Small Bore Sewer
Decentralized treatment system
Natural drying
Anaerobic digestion
Drying beds
Urban Planning tools in IndiaWhere does CSP come ?
Master Plan CSP
DPR
Plan
Macro Planning MesoPlanning
Micro Planning
CSP
CDPSFC PoA
PPRFeasibility StudyPre‐feasibility Study
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Baseline Study
Major initiatives - Timeline • 2008 - Release of the National Urban Sanitation Policy - Service level benchmarking : benchmarks adopted in
six critical areas incl WS and Sewerage etcsix critical areas incl. WS and Sewerage etc. • 2009 - Capacity building schemes for ULBs – supported
by creation of CoE at nine reputed institutions• 2010 - Ranking of 436 Class I cities in 2010 under NUSP
• 2011 – CSE Policy paper on Septage Management
• 2013 – MoUD Released Advisory on Septage2013 MoUD Released Advisory on Septage Management to ULBs
Major initiatives - Timeline
• Mizoram, Agartala, Tamilnadu, Karnataka states issued notification / policy on septageissued notification / policy on septage management including pilot projects.
• 2014/15 – Swacch Bharat (U/R), Smart Cities –100 no.s , AMRUT – 500 no.s cities & NMCG –00 o s , U 500 o s c t es & CG118 town / cities along river Ganga
All national flagship programmes and states now focusing on sanitation focusing on solid and liquid waste management incl. septage management.
SBM AMRUT NMCG • Covers all (4040 • Cover 500 • Focus on 118
Need for Coherance between various Programmes
• Covers all (4040 no.s) statutory towns
• Cover 500 towns/cities
• Focus on 118 towns/ cities along River Ganga
• 100% elimination of open defecation
• 100% coverage with water supply 100%
• Focus on riverpollution abatement –defecation
• Targets by 2019 : 1.05 million
• 100% coverage with sewer connections or
abatement sewage and industrial ffl ttoilets, 5 lakh
community toilets, 100
septagemanagement system
effluents
,collection, processing and disposal of solid
system
disposal of solid waste
Align your goals with SBM & AMRUT NMCG f G b i t t / itiNMCG for Ganga basin states/cities
SBM• 100% elimination of open defecation • 100% door to door collection • 100% transportation of waste • 100% processing and safe disposal
AMRUT
• 100% coverage with water supply• 100% coverage with sewer connections or septagemanagement systemmanagement system
NMCG ( in case of Ganga basin states/cities)• Focus on 118 towns/ cities along River GangaFocus on 118 towns/ cities along River Ganga • Focus on river pollution abatement – sewage and
industrial effluents
Framework for options of SBM, AMRUT & NMCG Namami GangeAMRUT & NMCG – Namami Gange
• SBM and AMRUT don’t cover the complete project cost Additional sources of funding and revenue
ti h t b t k i t tcreations have to be taken into accountOnly cost‐intensive options are not feasible
• SBM,AMRUT, NMCG want you to think “Out of the Box” –Promote Water Reuse and Recycling/ Zero waste discharge, Septage Management, Decentralized and centralized sewerage systems, Smart Solutions
How to ensure that all aspects of CSP and urban development are integrated ?and urban development are integrated ?(1) Consider all existing plans such as CDP, Master plans and DPRs
prepared or implementedprepared or implemented(2) CSP can influence municipal bye laws related to sanitation
(reuse recycle of wastewater, connectivity to the trunk system, it t t t h t )on‐site treatment, user charges etc.)
(3) Consider cross cutting issues, and challenges e.g. pollution of water bodies, flooding, impacts of climate change, future growth, natural calamities
(4) Devise and establish a mechanism to evolve coordination and integration between departments, and stakeholdersintegration between departments, and stakeholders
(5) Consider schemes and programmes that can fund different components
(6) CSP can highlight the conflicts in sanitation related project
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(6) CSP can highlight the conflicts in sanitation related project planning and implementation
City Sanitation / Stakeholder Task Force : ToRs