ctb2020-332 ,multiband wireless antenna

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National Conference on Converging Technology 2020 (CTB-2020), April 6, 7, 2011

Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra

MULTIBAND PATCH ANTENNA FOR

WIRELESS APPLICATIONS1

Pradeep Kumar,2

Monish Gupta,3

Nikhil Marriwala,4

C.C.Tripathi1MTech ECE Student, 2,3Assistant Professor, 4AssociateProfessor,1,2Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, U.I.E.T, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra

Email: 1 [email protected]

Abstract: A new design multiband Microstrip patch antenna is

introduced. The antenna is designed for wireless application

covering 1-6.5 GHz frequency range is presented .It is

demonstrated that by using two slits and partial ground plane a

wideband operation can be achieved. A copper patch has been

integrated with fr4 epoxy substrate and partial ground plane.

The operating frequencies are 1GHz, 2.4 GHz, 5GHz, and

6.5GHz with return loss -20 db,-21db,-29db,-14db,-16db

respectively. A substrate of low dielectric constant (εr = 4.4) is

selected to obtain compact radiating structure that meets the

demanding bandwidth.

Keywords: Multiband, Patch Antenna, Wlan, C-Band

I. INTRODUCTION

The basic structure of Microstrip patch antenna consist of a

dielectric substrate sandwiched between metal patch on one

side and metal ground plane on other side. Due to its small

size, low profile planar configuration, low fabrication cost andcapability to integrate with microwave circuits.[1] Therefore

the Microstrip patch antenna is very well suited for wireless

communication systems application, cellular phones, radars

system and satellite communication system etc.[2-3]

Figure 1: The Basic Geometry of Antenna Is shown

The 1.2 GHz frequency of L-Band is allocated to satellite

communications on Inmarsat L-Band is also used for low

earth orbit satellites, military satellites, and terrestrial wireless

connections like GSM mobile phones. It is also used as an

intermediate frequency for satellite TV where the Ku or Ka

band signals are down-converted to L-Band at the antennaLNB, to make it easier to transport from the antenna to the

below deck, or indoor equipment. Since there is not much

bandwidth available in L-band, it is a costly commodity

IEEE 802.11 is a set of standards for implementing wireless

local area network (WLAN) computer communication in the

2.4, 5 GHz frequency bands. The 802.11a standard uses the

same data link layer protocol and frame format as the original

standard, but an OFDM based air interface (physical layer). It

operates in the 5 GHz band with a maximum net data rate of

54 Mbit/s [12]

Satellite C-band usually transmits around 6.5 GHz and

receives around 4 GHz. It uses large (2.4- 3.7 meter) antennas.These are the large white domes that you see on top of the

cruise ships. C-band is typically used by large ships that

traverse the oceans on a regular basis and require

uninterrupted, dedicated, always on connectivity as they move

from region to region. The shipping lines usually

lease segment of satellite bandwidth that is provided to the

ships on a full time basis, providing connections to the

Internet, the public telephone networks, and data back-hauls to

their head office. C-band is also used for terrestrial microwave

links, which can present a problem when vessels come into

port and interfere with critical terrestrial links. This has

resulted in serious restrictions within 300Km of the coast.

Narrow bandwidth in Microstrip patch antenna is a major

disadvantage, but there are numerous and well known

methods to increase the bandwidth of antenna. These includes

increase of substrate thickness, the use of low dielectric

substrate, the use of multiple resonators etc. However the

bandwidth and size of an antenna generally mutually

conflicting properties that is improvement of one of the

characteristics normally degradation of other. [4-5]

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University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra





Recently several techniques have been proposed to enhance

the bandwidth. in utilizing the shorting pins or shorting walls

on the unequal arms of u-shaped patch .L-probe feed patch

antenna and other techniques involves employing multilayer

structure with parasitic patches of various geometry such asE,V and H shapes which excites multiple resonant modes

.However these antennas are generally fabricated on thicker

substrate.

Here we proposed an alternative method to achieve multiband

without using stack patch structure and it works well on all of

the frequencies. The proposed antenna works on four

frequencies. A copper patch is designed and two identical slits

are cut out form patch to make it multi band .the patch is fed

by a Microstrip line with 50Ω impedance. The partial ground

plane is also help in making it wideband.

II. DESIGN OF ANTENNA

The Basic Geometry Of Antenna Is Shown In Figure 1,Fr4

Epoxy substrate of permittivity r=4.4 is sandwichedƐ

between aluminum ground plane and copper patch .two slits

S1 & S2 are cut out from the patch near the feed line to match

the impedance. The slits S1 and S2 are identical and

equidistant from the Microstrip feed line as shown in figure

.the partial ground plane and two slits make the wide band

antenna .the proposed antenna was investigated by

transmission line model and simulated using ANSOFT HFSS

Simulation.

Figure 2: Proposed patch antenna geometry

The proposed antenna geometry is shown in figure 2.Table 1

shows the dimensions of the proposed antenna along with

materials used .the actual design structure is shown in figure

3and figure 4 shows the partial ground plane under the patch

antenna. Figure 3 and 4 are designed in HFSS SOFTWARE

vs. 10.

Table 1: The Antenna parameters.

Ground Substrate

Patch Microstrip

Length

25 50 32 13

Width 35 35 18 3

Height

0.2 1.6 0.02 0.02

Material

Aluminum FR4epoxy

Copper Copper

Figure 3 Actual antenna structure

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Figure 4: Partial ground plane under the substrate

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Figure 5: The Return losses (S11 parameter) vs. frequency

The Return losses (S11 parameter) vs. frequency is shown in

which shows the 1.2 ghz,2.4ghz,4ghz,6.5ghz frequencies on

which the antenna shows the resonance

Figure 6: Impedance plot of antenna

The impedance plot of antenna is shown in figure 6 which

shows the resonance of antenna on 1.2 GHz ,2.4ghz ,4ghz ,

6.5ghz frequencies.teh impedance is real and and high values

in entire range .

Figure 7: Radiation pattern at θ = 0 degree

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Figure 8: Radiation pattern at θ = 90 degree

The figure 7 and 8 shows the radiation pattern of antenna

different angles of theta. The radiation pattern shows the

wideband of proposed antenna at different elevation angles.

Figure 9: Polarization Graph of Antenna

Figure10: Axial ratio Graph of Antenna

The figure 9 and 10 shows the polarization and axial ratio

graph of antenna. the 3D polar plot of radiation pattern is

shown in figure 11.

Figure 11: 3d polar plot of radiation pattern of antenna

IV. CONCLUSION & SCOPE

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A multiband antenna by cutting two slits in patch and by using

partial ground plane for increasing bandwidth for 1.2 GHz, 2.4

GHz, 4 GHz 6.5 GHz wireless application has been presented

and discussed. it has also shown that using a partial ground

plane achievement of multiband eliminate the need to designantenna using stacked structure without increasing vertical

dimension of antenna.

Proposed antenna has been designed for easy integration with

existing wireless devices and can be used for transmitting and

receiving RF signals in L & C band satellite.

REFRENCES

[1] M. F. Hasan, “A New Compact Dual Band GPS Patch Antenna Design

Based on Minkowski-Like Pre Fractal Geometry”, Eng. & Tech. Journal, Vol.

27, No.7, 2009.

[2] M. T. Islam, M. N. Shakib, N. Misran, T. S. Sun “Broadband Microstrip

Patch Antenna”, European Journal of Scientific Research, Vol.27 No.2,

pp.174-180, 2009.

[3] Y. Bhomia, A. Kajla and D. Yadav, “Slotted Right Angle Triangular

Microstrip Patch Antenna”, International Journal of Electronic Engineering

Research, Vol. 2 No.3 ,pp. 393–398, 2010

[4] V. K. Singh, Z. Ali ,“Dual Band U- shaped microstrip antenna for wireless

Communication”, International Journal of Engineering Science and

Technology, Vol. 2(6), 1623-1628, 2010.

[5] B.K. Ang and B.K. Chung, “A Wideband E-Shaped Microstrip PatchAntenna for 5–6GHz Wireless Communications”, Progress in

Electromagnetics Research, PIER 75, 397–407, 2007.

[6] M. F. Islam, M. A. Mohd. Ali, B. Y. Majlis & N. Misran “Dual Band

Microstrip Patch Antenna for SAR Applications”, Australian Journal of Basic

And Applied Sciences, Vol.4 (10), pp. 4585-4591, Malaysia, 2010.

[7] B. R. Rao, E. N. Rosario, M. S. Mahmoud, J. I. Simon, “Compact Co-

Planar Dual-Band Microstrip Patch Antennas for Modernized GPS”,

Proceedings of the 22nd International Technical Meeting of SDIN ,pp.351-

358, Sept. 22 - 25, 2009.

[8] B. Paul , S.Mridula, C.K.Aanandan, K.Vasudevan, P.Mohanan,

“Octagonal Microstrip Patch Antenna For Dual Band Applications”, Centrefor Research in Electromagnetics and Antennas (CREMA), Cochin University

of Science and Technology, URSI(Poster presentation), 2005.

[9] R. Kumar Vishwakarma1, S. Tiwari, “Dual-band stacked rectangular

microstrip antenna for mobile applications”, School of Studies in Electronics,

Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur (C. G).

[10] H. F. AbuTarboush, H. S. Al-Raweshidy “Connected E-Shape and U-

Shape Dual- Band Patch Antenna for Different Wireless Applications”,

Wireless Networks & Communications Group (WNCG) School of

Engineering & Design, Brunel University, West London, UK

[11] www.ansoft.com/products/hf/hfss.

[12] www.ieee802.org/802info.html.

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ctb2020-332 ,multiband wireless antenna

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