ctu 082 chapter 2 history of islamic education

8/12/2019 Ctu 082 Chapter 2 History of Islamic Education

1/18

HISTORY OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION

INTRODUCTION

THE CONCEPT OF KNOWLEDGE AND EDUCATION IN ISLAM

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION IN ISLAM

FACTORS OF EXCELLENCE IN EDUCATION DURING THE LIFE OF PROPHETMUHAMMAD SAW

EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM DURING THE REIGN OF THE FOUR RIGHTEOUSCALIPHS AND THE GOLEDEN AGE OF ISLAM

FACTORS OF EXCELLENCE IN EDUCATION DURING THE GOLDEN AGE

CONCLUSION


2/18

INTRODUCTION

This chapter

covers :

The concept

ofknowledge

and

education

Classification

of

knowledge

Historical

developmentof

educational

institution

Factors of

islamic

educations

excellence


3/18

THE CONCEPT OF KNOWLEDGE AND

EDUCATION IN ISLAM

Knowledge = alilm

= Comprehensive wordwhich covers Allahsknowledge in all matters

Education = tadib

=> A teaching learningprocess

=> Al-Attas(1987)education in Islam is theinculcation of adab

=> Adab includes the

spiritual and material life

of man

Knowledge has beenunderstood into various

meaning:-The Quran

Faith (iman)

Wisdom (hikmah)

Intellect (aql)

Light (nur)

Science

Al-Quran and al-Sunnahconstantly encouraged

the Muslims to seekknowledge and to use

their intellect for thebenefit of all mankind


4/18

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF

EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION IN ISLAM

Education in early Islam

1stto 4thHijrah

(7-10thcentury)

Education during theMiddle Age or Golden Age

5th-9thHijrah

(11-15thcentury)


5/18

Educational Institution

Mosque as the centre of learning Suffah

Islamic Education During The Period Of Rasulullah

Saw

Education was concerned with recitation and

memorization of the Quran and Hadith. There is not muchdifference between education and preaching. Both are

regard as part of knowledge

Rasulullah was the first teacher of Islam. He dispatch

teachers to outer Madinah. He used to designate hisspecified time exclusively for Muslim womens education.Rasulullah also employed several prisoners of Badar battle

to teach the children of Madinah to read and write.


6/18

Before the establishment of mosque one of the companions house

(al-Arqam) was the first place for learning Islam. After migration to

Madinah (622M) Rasulullah first built a mosque (Mosque Quba). He

taught religious knowledge to his followers and delivered eveninglectures in the mosque.

Function of

mosque duringthe period of

Rasulullah

1. Performing ritual

obligation

2. Centre foradministration

3. Centre for education

4. Place for social

Method of teaching in the mosque

Rasulullah usually sitdown together with

his followers,

gathered in the semi

circle (halaqah)to

learn Quranic

teaching and hadith.

Normally Rasulullah

kept on repeating theimportant words 3

times in his teaching.

He used to show good

examples and never

hurt the feeling of his

audience.

Rasulullah sometimes

requested his companions toteach those who were

illiterate. Beside teaching the

Quran, reading and writing,he also recommended his

followers to learn shooting

arrows, horse-riding,swimming, basic of medicine

and tarannum.


7/18

Rasulullahs mosque in Madinah

had an open space adjoining the

mosque which served as a living-learning centre

Many groups of

students cameforward to rest, pray

and learn about the

recitation of theQuran, hadith

including the related

sciences here

The teachers of thisplace (suffah)

=>Rasulullah sawhimself

=> Those who

appointed by

Rasulullah

SUFFAH


8/18

FACTORS OF EXCELLENCE IN EDUCATION

DURING THE LIFE OF RASULULLAH SAW

Thecommandment in

the Quran

Encouragement

from Rasulullah

saw

Individual effort

among the

companions

Influence of the

surrounding


9/18

EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM DURING THE REIGN OF

KHULAFA AL-RASYIDIN

Maktab

&

Kuttab

The

Majalis

Educational

Institution


10/18

Maktab and kuttab refers to

the elementary schools.Maktab=for students from the

age of 7-10years old

Kuttab=after attending to

maktab student will then

proceeded to the kuttab.

Divided into 2:-

1.Kuttab located in the

muallimhouse

2. Kuttab located in the

mosque or other specific place

Curriculum for the maktab.

=> Memorization andrecitation of the Quran study

of poetry, khat, calligraphy,

grammar, horse riding and

swimming

Curriculum for the kuttab.

=> Quranic writing andreading, nahu, sirah, etiquette

etc


11/18

The majalis

(circle ofgathering)

The other main

institution oflearning after the

maktab or kuttab

Presided by a

teacher orprofessor in

various sciences

Learning activities

include:

Majlis

alilm

Majlis al-hukm

Majlis at-

tadris wal

fatwa


12/18

EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM DURING THE

GOLDEN AGE OF ISLAM

MosqueJami

(university)Zawiyat

Palaceschools and

literary

salons

Madrasah

(college)

Bayt al-

hikmah,

libraries andbook shops

schools

Hospital and

observatories


13/18

FACTORS OF EXCELLENCE

The

Influence

Of Islamic

Teaching

The encouragement

given by AQ & AS to

pursue knowledge is theprime reason for the

growth of Muslim

scholarship.

There are many verses

emphasize on this effort.

E.g: Quran urged the

Muslim to observe the

universe and utilize it

accordingly for the

interest of human being

Both AQ & AS stimulated

the Muslim to learn

about religious andscientific knowledge to

lead a balanced and

harmonious life


14/18


15/18

The Outstanding

Effort Of MuslimScholars And

Scientists InVarious Disciplines

Of Knowledge

Many Muslimgreat figure had

made

impressive

achievement invarious

disciplines ofknowledge

Al-Kindi, al-Khawarizmi, al-Razi, al-Farabi

Ibn Sina,al-

Ghazali etc

Muslimphysicians havedeveloped both

medicine andthe

pharmacology.

In physics al-Hazen

has correctedEuclids and

Ptolemys theory

inserting thatvision comes fromthe impact of light

rays

Al-Khawarizmi=laid

a foundation ofalgebra


16/18

The Role Of Bayt

Al-Hikmah And

Translation Works

One stop centre for

teaching and

learning

Centre for

translation ofvarious disciplines

of knowledge

Centre for

discussions anddebate about

knowledge

Centre for

academic gathering

and research


17/18

The contribution ofthe caliphs andMuslim scholars

towards knowledge

have influence the

widespread ofintellectual activities.

The Muslim and nonMuslim students from

the East and West

countries are welcomedto seek various

disciplines of knowledge

and made research in

these universities andsometimes were offered

the scholarship by theCaliphs.

The

Widespread

Of Intellectual

Activities The Muslimsuniversities In

Baghdad, Cordobaand Egypt had

successfully spread

the intellectualactivities throughout

the world


18/18

CONCLUSION

ctu 082 chapter 2 history of islamic education

Documents