CULTURAL HEROES OF LATIN AMERICA

Latin American culture is the formal or informal

expression of the people of Latin America

The most famous heroes of Latin America, which formed its culture are:

Simón José Antonio de la Santísima Trinidad Bolívar Palacios y Blanco, commonly

known as Simón Bolívar was a Venezuelan political leader.

Together with José de San Martín, he played a key role in Latin America's successful struggle for independence from Spain.Bolívar was the founder of the first union of independent nations in Latin America, which was named Gran Colombia, and of which he was President from 1819 to 1830.

Agustín Gamarra Messia was a

Peruvian soldier and politician,

becoming twice President of Peru

from 1829 to 1833 and from 1838

to 1841.

Gamarra was a Mestizo, being of

mixed Spanish and Quechua

descent. He had a military life

since childhood, battling against

the royalist forces. He participated in the Battle of Ayacucho, and was later named Chief of State. After the invasion of Bolivia in 1828, he was named a mariscal, a highly-esteemed military officer.

Antonio de Padua María Severino López de Santa Anna y Pérez de Lebrón, often known as Santa Anna or López de Santa Anna, was a Mexican political leader, general and President who greatly influenced early Mexican and Spanish politics and government. He first fought against the independence from Spain, and then supported it. He rose to the ranks of general and president at various times over a turbulent 40-year career. He was President of Mexico on seven non-consecutive occasions over a period of 22 years.

Emiliano Zapata Salazar was a leading figure in the Mexican Revolution, which broke out in 1910, and which was initially directed against the president Porfirio Díaz. He formed and commanded an important revolutionary force, the Liberation Army of the South, during the Mexican Revolution.

Felipe Carrillo Puerto was a Governor of the Mexican state of Yucatán. He was born in the town of Motul, Yucatán, and was of partly indigenous Mayan background; he was rumored to be a descendant of the Nachi Cocom dynasty of Mayapan. He was a progressive who favored land reform, women's suffrage, and rights for the indigenous Mayan people. He had a romance with a United States journalist, Alma Reed of San Francisco, California, which was commemorated in the song "La Peregrina". Carrillo Puerto died by assassination in January 1924.

Augusto Nicolás Calderón Sandino was a Nicaraguan revolutionary and leader of a rebellion against the U.S. military presence in Nicaragua between 1927 and 1933. He was labeled a bandit by the United States government, and his exploits made him a hero throughout much of Latin America, where he became a symbol of resistance to U.S. domination.

Frida Kahlo (full name Magdalena Carmen Frida Kahlo y Calderón) was a Mexican painter. She painted using vibrant colors in a style that was influenced by indigenous cultures of Mexico and European influences including Realism, Symbolism, and Surrealism. Many of her works are self-portraits that symbolically articulate her own pain. Kahlo was married to Mexican muralist Diego Rivera.

Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre was a Peruvian political leader who founded the American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APRA) political movement.

María Eva Duarte de Perón was the second wife of President Juan Perón and served as the First Lady of Argentina from 1946 until her death in 1952. She is often referred to as simply Eva Perón, or by the affectionate Spanish language diminutive Evita, which literally translates into English as "Little Eva". Eva Perón has become a part of international popular culture, most famously as the subject of the musical Evita.

Ernesto "Che" Guevara, commonly known as El Che or simply Che, was an Argentine Marxist revolutionary, physician, author, intellectual, guerrilla leader, diplomat, military theorist, and major figure of the Cuban Revolution. Since his death, his stylized visage has become a ubiquitous countercultural symbol and global insignia within popular culture.

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