cultural norms & eating habits unit 8 seminar september 21, 2011 amy bridges, ms, rd, ldn
TRANSCRIPT
Cultural Norms & Eating HabitsCultural Norms & Eating HabitsUnit 8 SeminarUnit 8 Seminar
September 21, 2011
Amy Bridges, MS, RD, LDN
Unit 8Unit 8Discussion: This week we will discuss Kosher or
Halal Food Laws. You will investigate and describe where in your community you can find Kosher and Halal foods.
Seminar: This week our discussion will center on how each participant’s cultural norms affect eating habits.
Project: This week you will write a 2–3 page report and explain how you would respectfully defend your positions to your food service director in regards to a cultural food need. As part of your paper, you will include a special holiday menu for either the Kosher or Halal Food Laws and for the regular diet.
Cultural Food PracticesCultural Food Practices Jewish Food Practices Islamic Food Practices Cajun and Creole Food
Practices Korean American Food
Practices Filipino American Food
Practices African American Food
Practices Alaska Native Food
Practices Native American Food
Practices
Hmong Food Practices Chinese American Food
Practices Asian Indian and
Pakistani Food Practices South American Food
Practices Caribbean Hispanic
Food Practices Central American Food
Practices Mexican American Food
Practices
USDA: Addressing Cultural USDA: Addressing Cultural FoodsFoodsEthnic/Cultural Food Guide
Pyramid
http://fnic.nal.usda.gov/nal_display/index.php?info_center=4&tax_level=3&tax_subject=256&topic_id=1348&level3_id=5732
Cultural Food Laws Cultural Food Laws vs. vs.
Cultural Food Cultural Food Practices/PreferencesPractices/Preferences
Is there a difference?
How should they be treated in food production or food service?
Kosher Food LawsKosher Food Laws
Kosher laws look at three main aspects:
1.Allowed animals2.Prohibition of blood3.Prohibition of mixing milk and
meat
Kosher Food LawsKosher Food Laws Allowed
animals◦ Mammals with
split hoofs that chew their cud
◦ Domestic birds◦ Fish with fins
and removable scales
◦ Honey/beeswax
Animals not allowed◦ Pigs◦ Wild birds◦ Shark◦ Dogfish◦ Catfish◦ Monkfish◦ Crustacean and
molluscan shellfish◦ Most insects (with
exception of a few grasshoppers)
Kosher Food LawsKosher Food Laws Prohibition of blood
◦ Animals must be slaughtered according to specific Jewish laws
Note Kosher meats have much more strict inspection requirements
Kosher Food LawsKosher Food Laws Prohibition of mixing milk and meat
◦ Equipment, utensils and cooking areas must be separate for the different foods.
◦ Foods must be processed and handled separately into different groups
Meat products Dairy products Neutral products (plants, egg, fish, honey, lac
resin)
Note fish can be eaten with meat but not directly mixed with meat
Halal Food LawsHalal Food Laws
Halal laws look at these main aspects:
1.Prohibited animals2.Prohibition of blood3.Method of slaughtering/blessing4.Prohibition of carrion5.Prohibition of intoxicants
Halal Food LawsHalal Food Laws Allowed animals
◦ Mammals with split hoofs (cattle, sheep, goat, lamb, camel, buffalo)
◦ Birds that do not use their claws to hold down food (chicken, turkey, duck, geese, ect)
◦ Fish is allowed in some groups
◦ Milk◦ Eggs
Animals not allowed◦ Pigs, boar, and
swine◦ Lions, tigers,
cheetahs◦ Cats, dogs, and
wolves◦ Birds of prey
(eagle, falcon, osprey, kites, vultures)
Halal Food LawsHalal Food Laws Prohibition of blood Proper slaughtering of permitted
animals◦ Controversial issue*
Meat of animals killed by the Ahl-al-Kitab (people of a different faith)
Prohibition of carrion◦ Presence of dead animal/carcass
Prohibition of intoxicants◦ Alcohol (or any fermented beverage)
Government RegulationsGovernment RegulationsState and federal agencies regulate
Kosher and Halal food claims:◦Protects right-to-know issues◦Protects truth in food labeling ◦Requires certain cultural information be
available so that consumer may make the best choices
◦Halal legislation exists only for New Jersey, Minnesota, Illinois, Michigan, and California
Class DiscussionClass DiscussionList one cultural food practice
you personally follow and/or have encountered
How known or available is this food practice in the food industry or health care industry?
Class DiscussionClass DiscussionWhat struggles do consumers
face when attempting to follow their cultural food practices in the US?
What efforts have been made in food service or production to accommodate this cultural practice?
Class DiscussionClass DiscussionHow do particular cultural norms
in food practices affect risk for chronic disease among the population? Give examples.
Extra ReadingExtra Reading
Using Cultural Competence Constructs to Understand Food Practices and Provide Diabetes
Care and Education
http://spectrum.diabetesjournals.org/content/22/1/43.full.pdf+html
Questions? Comments?Questions? Comments?