cure violence - partnership for a safer · pdf file• road rage • racism •...
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Cure Violence Theory, Critical Elements, Results
Cleveland OH April 25, 2014
Copyright © 2014 Cure Violence
All rights reserved, including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form.
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Learned Behavior
• Smoking
• Littering
• Rudeness
• Intolerance
• Substance Abuse
• Road Rage
• Racism
• Animal Cruelty
• Child Abuse
• Domestic Violence
• Profanity
• VIOLENCE
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Purpose of Briefing
Cure Violence Theory, Critical Elements, Results
• Describe Cure Violence, the campaign
to stop shootings and killings
• Answer your questions
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Epidemic of Violence
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Acts like an epidemic
La Peste d’Ashdod, 1630 - 1631, Nicolas Poussin
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Characteristics of Violence and
Infectious Diseases
• One event leads to another
• Highest risk factor = prior event
• Geographically cluster
• Incubation periods
• Reduced by interrupting transmission and
changing norms
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Violence is learned
from role models
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Theories About the Causes of
Violence
Violence is…
• Learned from role models
• Caused by social forces (e.g., lack of opportunity,
racism, poverty, etc.)
• A cultural norm in subgroups with a higher rate of
homicide
• A series of events and/or interactions between co-
disputants that can escalate into homicide
Source: Rosenberg et al., 1987
Cure Violence Theory, Critical Elements, Results
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Impact of Violence Epidemic
• Injuries, deaths
• Fear, stress
• School progress slowed
• Economic development hindered
• Health care costs increased
• Tax dollars wasted
Cure Violence Theory, Critical Elements, Results
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Goal of Cure Violence
Stop shootings and killings by:
• Working with those most closely
associated with the problem
• In those communities that are
disproportionately effected
• Based on data and research
Cure Violence Theory, Critical Elements, Results
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Multiple Messengers Change
What is “Normal”
• Outreach Workers/
Interrupters
• Community
• Public Education
Materials
• Faith Leaders
• Law Enforcement
Social Norms
Risk Factors
Alternatives to
Violence
No Shooting
Interveners Behavioral Outcome The 3 Variables
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Critical Elements of Cure
Violence
• Community
• Participants
• Approach
Workers with the right skills
Partners
Messages and messengers
• Measures of effectiveness and accountability
The right…
Cure Violence Theory, Critical Elements, Results
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Right Community
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Right Participants:
Those likely to shoot or be shot
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Approach
Five Core Components Outreach | Law Enforcement Assistance | Community Mobilization
Public Education Messaging | Faith Leader Involvement
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Outreach/Violence Interrupters: Right Workers with the Right Skills Identify/Detect, Interrupt, Re-direct
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Identify/Detect
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Outreach: Risk Reduction
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Violence Interrupters Anticipate, Prevent, Mediate
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Role of Law Enforcement
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Faith Leader Involvement:
Change Norms
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Community Mobilization: Change
Norms
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Public Education: Change Norms
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Northwestern University
Evaluation Results
FUNDED BY THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF JUSTICE
Cure Violence Theory, Critical Elements, Results
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Impact Analysis
• Over-time trends revealed that violence was down by
one measure or another in six of the seven areas that
were examined statistically.
• The broadest measure of shootings (which included
attempts) declined an additional 17 to 24 percent, due to
the program.
• In four overlapping sites there were distinctive declines
in the number of persons actually shot or killed ranging
from 16 to 34 percent.
Cure Violence Theory, Critical Elements, Results
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Program Participant Survey Highlights (297 outreach clients surveyed anonymously)
• 99% reported Cure Violence had a positive impact on their lives
• Participants who sought help from their outreach workers for education, getting out of a gang or getting a job were much more likely to have received more education, gotten out of a gang or secured employment than other clients
• Outreach workers were mentioned second only to parents as the most important person in the participant’s life
Source: Northwestern University, 2007
Cure Violence Theory, Critical Elements, Results
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Client Assistance
Cure Violence Theory, Critical Elements, Results
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Summary of Findings
• Decreased shootings and killings • Broke down gang networks • Decreased retaliatory homicides • Made shooting hot spots cooler • Made neighborhoods safer
Skogan, Evaluation of Cure Violence, Northwestern University, 2008
Cure Violence Theory, Critical Elements, Results
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Johns Hopkins School of Public
Health Evaluation Results
BALTIMORE - SAFE STREETS
Cure Violence Theory, Critical Elements, Results
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• Safe Streets program associated with:
– Less acceptance of gun use to settle grievances – Fewer homicide incidents – Fewer non-fatal shooting incidents
• Positive effects for bordering neighborhoods
• “80% of respondents reported that their lives were “better” since becoming a participant of Safe Streets program.”
Baltimore – Safe Streets Summary of
Findings
Webster et al, Evaluation of Safe Streets, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 2012
Cure Violence Violence Intervention & Reduction Training
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• (-56%) Reduction in homicides
• (-34%) Reduction in non-fatal shooting incidents
Cherry Hill
• (-26%) Reduction in homicides McElderry Park
• (-34%) Reduction in non-fatal shooting incidents Elwood Park
Baltimore – Safe Streets Findings
Webster et al, Evaluation of Safe Streets, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 2012
Cure Violence Violence Intervention & Reduction Training
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All people deserve to live, learn, work,
play, raise families, and shop in safe
places.
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For more information visit: www.cureviolence.org