Current 6-weeks Failures:1st: 3rd: 5th:100039550 (23)* 100023368 (53)** 100023306 (22)

100023457 (50)*****100023439 (59) 100023606 (61)

100037490 (62) * 100022560 (68)* 100037899 (54)

100023579 (54)** 100028886 (56)* 100023446 (67)

100023053 (28) 100033248 (14)*****100031594 (19)**

100028564 (53)* 100023260 (58)* 100023474 (64)

100023842 (59)** 100036042 (63) 100023136 (24)*

100023643 (59)* 4th: 100029541 (48)**

2nd: 100022636 (66)* 7th:

100039185 (37)* 100023419 (67) 100033796 (60)**

100023258 (49)**** 100038241 (19)*** 100023549 (41)***

100023040 (26)***** 100011730 (65)*** 100038593 (49)***

100030736 (54) 100011228 (68)* 100034582 (53)*

100022959 (67) 100022852 (58) 100023847 (57)

100023021 (63)**

100023553 (65)*

Bellwork: 11/02/2012

Collect the following data:•

Salt Water Tanks Only:

• DO - Phosphate

• Turbidity - Salinity

• Nitrate - Calcium

• Nitrite - Water Hardness

• Ammonia

• pH

• temperature

Make sure to clean out any excess food from your filter and gravel/sand. Scrub off the inside of the glass & clean the outside with Windex once you are finished.

Phylum Porifera

I. General Information

• Kingdom : Animalia• Phylum : Porifera• Porifera = “pore bearer”

Pink lumpy sponge

Yellow barrel sponge

I. General Information

Size range – 1 cm to2 meters in diameter

Giant Barrel sponges

II. Body Structure A. Ostia – pores – many, water IN

B. Oscula – large opening(s), one or few, water OUT

osculum

II. Body Structure

C. Choanocytes – collar cells;

have flagella D. Amoebocytes – transport food

to layer of cells not on the surface

II. Body StructureE. Spicules – “skeleton” hard

splinter-like; made of calcium

carbonate (CaCO3)

or silica (Si)

F. Spongin – flexible protein

II. Body StructureF. Spongin – flexible protein

III. Level of organization

A. CellularB. EukaryoticC. No tissues

Japanese Deep Sea Sponge

IV. Symmetry

A. Some asymetrical

B. Some radial

V. Habitat

Aquatic - A. Marine and

B. Fresh-water

Purple Rope sponge

Fresh-water Sponge

VI. Feeding• Heterotrophic• Filter feeders• Food trapped

by choanocytes• Intracellular

digestion (within the cell)

• No digestive tract

G

F

E

D

A

BC

VI. Feeding

– Water & food goes in via poroctye– Choanocytes trap food in spongocoel– Amoebocytes carry food to inner layer

of cells– Water out osculum

VII. Respiration

- via diffusion

VIII. Internal transport

• via diffusion

IX. Response

• NONE • No Nervous System• No cephalization

Pipe organ sponge

X. Locomotion1) Free-

swimming larvae using cilia

2) Adults are non-mobile

XI. Reproduction

1. Asexual a. budding b. gemmules

formed in stress

conditions

XI. Reproduction

2. Sexuala. Most hermaphrodites

(both sexes in same organism) - egg & sperm produced

- cross fertilization - egg + sperm

free-swimming larvae

XI. Reproduction

2. Sexual:Some sponges are unisexualThey produce either egg, OR sperm

Sponge releasing sperm

XI. Reproduction

XII. Ecological Roles

A. Habitat for other aquatic animals

B. Food for some

XII. Ecological Roles

C. Home use: bathing, cleaning, home improvement, other

XII. Ecological Roles

XII. Ecological RolesD. Medical research• Sponges do not get cancer Why not?• Maybe we can use what keeps them

from getting cancer to treat humans.• Compounds from sponges have been

found to fight malaria and tuberculosis

Azure Vase Sponge

Giant Barrel Sponge

White Cryptic Sponge

Elephant Ear Sponge

Stove pipe sponge

Yellow Vase Sponges

Yellow Barrel Sponge

Red Branch Sponge

In a group of 2:1) What are the functions of both the large and small

holes in a sponge?

2) What do sponges filter from the water?

3) You are scuba diving in a coral reef and see a pretty Red Branch Sponge. You reach out and snap off one of the branches. What would be the response from the sponge and why?

4) What type of symbiotic relationship(s) will a sponge have with other organisms?

5) How is a natural sponge different than a synthetic sponge? What purposes would each serve for humans and why (Examples: showering, cleaning tile, washing your car)