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  • 8/12/2019 Current Affairs for IAS Exams - 19 March 2014

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    According to a survey conductedby the National Council for Applied Economic Research, four out of

    ten women in India still have no say in their marriage, eight out of ten need permission to visit a

    doctor, six out of ten practise some form of head covering, and the average Indian household gives

    over Rs. 30,000 in dowry.

    The National Council for Applied Economic Research (NCAER) conducts the India Human Development

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    Western Ghats Ecologically Sensitive Area

    Survey (IHDS), the largest household survey in India after

    the government's Nation Sample Survey Organisation

    (NSSO) surveys, and the NCAER is the only independent

    body that conducts such large-sample panel surveys.

    The data shows that India has made progress in child

    marriage, with 48% of women over 25 reporting in 2011-

    12 that they were married before the age of 18 as

    opposed to 60% in 2004-5. The average number of

    children that women (over 40) reported they had had has

    also come down slightly to 3.55, indicating that fertility is

    falling. The practice of marrying a cousin or relative more

    common in the south than the north is becoming less

    common, but over 20% in Andhra Pradesh and Karnatastill marry relatives.

    However, women's autonomy remains severely

    constrained. 41% of women had no say in their marriage and just 18% knew their husbands before

    marriage, a statistic that has not improved. Women's say in marriage rose with their level of

    education, with income and with level of urbanisation and the southern states did better.

    The average Indian family gives over Rs. 30,000 in cash as dowry and 40% admitted to giving large

    items like TVs and cars as dowry. The practise of giving large items as dowry was most common

    among forward caste Hindus and lowest among Muslims. Wedding expenses ranged from nearly Rs 1

    lakh in the poorest village to Rs 1.7 lakh in small cities, a big jump over the 2004-5 survey. Kerala and

    Delhi had the most expensive weddings.

    The draft notification of Western Ghats Ecologically Sensitive Area (ESA) covering about 56,825 sq.

    km has been put in public domain by the Union Environment and Forests Ministry. The notification has

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    Nuclear fuel complex

    left the demarcation of the ESA in Kerala to the State authorities by banking on their evaluation of the

    Western Ghats boundaries.

    This is slated to be the largest ESA declared under the Environment Protection Act, 1986 in the

    country. The draft notification signalled the penultimate round of a long lasting debate kicked off by

    the Union government when in 2010, Environment Minister Jairam Ramesh set up the Western Ghats

    Ecology Expert Panel headed by ecologist Madhav Gadgil. The panels report created a stir in some of

    the six States, especially Kerala, and forced the Union government to set up a second high level panel

    to review the Gadgil report, this one under Planning Commission member K. Kasturirangan.

    Unlike the Gadgil report, the Kasturirangan panel took pains to delineate densely inhabited areas from

    forested patches and take a relative middle-path to balancing demands of development and

    maintaining the integrity of the biodiversity hotspot.

    Jayanthi Natarajan, Environment Minister in 2013, passed orders implementing the panels report after

    the National Green Tribunal stepped in to pursue the case.

    Under pressure, the UPA government at the Centre relented and permitted the State to redraw the

    boundaries of the eco-sensitive zone with the third Environment Minister grappling with the issue in

    UPA2, Veerappa Moily accepting the new demarcation days before the election model code of conduct

    coming into force.

    Following the approval of the Cabinet Committee on Security, the country's second nuclear fuel

    complex will come up at Kota in Rajasthan. The Rs. 2,400-crore complex, next to the Rawatbhata

    nuclear plant, will have the facility to reprocess atomic fuel.

    The Department of Atomic Energy has made the new arrangement, keeping in mind the growing

    demand for fuel required for nuclear plants. The complex will serve atomic plants which are proposed

    to be developed in Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh; Haryana; Jaitapur in Maharashtra and Mithi Virdhi in

    Gujarat.

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    Accession pact signed

    India and Chinas MOU on IT

    India's first nuclear fuel complex, developed at Hyderabad, does not have the capacity to meet the

    growing demands from reactors which will come up by the next decade. Also, under the 12th Plan,

    India aims to increase its nuclear energy generation capacity to over 17,300 MWe, from over 5,500

    MWe now.

    Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a treaty on Crimeas accession to Russia after delivering a

    defiant speech defending his move and blasting the West for pursuing containment of Russia and

    flouting international law.

    The treaty was also signed by the Crimean leaders who attended a special joint session of the Russian

    Parliament in the Kremlin. Mr. Putin said he was confident the Russian Parliament would ratify the pact.

    Western accusations that Russia had invaded Crimea was denied. Russian reinforcements were inline with a treaty with Ukraine that allows Russia to have up to 25,000 troops at its Black Sea Fleet

    base in Crimea. Mr. Putin dismissed concerns that Russia could seize other regions in Ukraine.

    India and China, signed a memorandum of understanding on IT cooperation, which,was a formal

    recognition from the Chinese government to promote Indian software companies, which have largely

    struggled to obtain contracts from Chinese state-run companies. Both countries held their thirdStrategic Economic Dialogue (SED) recently.

    India also sought Chinese support in substantially raising the speed on three rail corridors and in

    developing modern stations.

    China has rapidly modernised its rail network, which only three decades ago lagged behind Indias. The

    country has also built the worlds biggest high-speed rail network, where trains run at 350 kilometres

    per hour on 13,000 kilometres of newly-laid track, running entirely separately from the older rail

    network. India has sought assistance in raising speeds on three lines, between New Delhi and Agra,

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    Indian shares upgraded

    Goldman Sachs upgraded Indian shares to "overweight" from "marketweight" and raised its target on Nifty

    to 7,600, citing reduced external vulnerabilities, including a narrowing current account deficit, and potential

    for gains ahead of elections that conclude in May.

    The investment bank added it favours cyclicals over defensives because of expectations of an improvingeconomy and a bottoming out of earnings, according to a report .It also recommended investors to focus

    on potential election beneficiaries in these markets.

    It upgraded auto stocks to "overweight", while retaining the same rating on IT and energy stocks.

    Goldman said Oil and Natural Gas Corp (ONGC.NS), Coal India (COAL.NS), NTPC (NTPC.NS) and Bharat

    Petroleum Corp (BPCL.NS) as public sector companies that could be key election beneficiaries.

    Among private sector shares, ICICI Bank (ICBK.NS), Larsen and Toubro (LART.NS), UltraTech Cement

    (ULTC.NS), JSW Steel (JSTL.NS), Indusind Bank and Voltas (VOLT.NS) were seen by Goldman as gaining

    from elections.

    Ice loss in Greenland

    Kanpur and Chandigarh.

    India has, however, asked Japan for assistance in carrying out a project report considering the

    possibility of building a high speed rail line between Mumbai and Vadodara. At the SED, both sides

    signed an MoU to push IT cooperation.

    India has asked China to expand market access for software and pharmaceutical companies, and to

    take steps to narrow the record $35 billion trade deficit.

    According to a study , sea levels will probably rise more now that the last remaining stable portion of

    Greenland's ice sheet -- the world's second-largest -- is unstable.

    Scientists have known Greenland's ice sheet has been thinning for decades, but for the first time,

    they've found that's even occurring in its northeast region that had been stable for 25 years. Since

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