current electricity 1. what is electric current? electric current is the flow of electricity through...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Current Electricity
1
![Page 2: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is Electric Current?
• Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor.
• The current is caused by the movement of electrons.
• An electric current can provide energy to do work– Example: Turn on a light, move a motor.
2
![Page 3: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is Electric Current?
• Think of electric current as a river of flowing water.
3
![Page 4: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
![Page 5: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Moving Electricity: Moving Electricity:
ELECTRICAL ELECTRICAL CIRCUITSCIRCUITS
5
![Page 6: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
CELLSCELLS
How can we get a current of electricity?
A cell stores chemical energy and changes it
to electrical energy when a circuit is connected.When two or more cells are
connected together we call
this a Battery.
The cell's chemical energy is
used up pushing a current
round a circuit. 6
![Page 7: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
What is an electric circuit?
Electrons flow in a complete path from one
end of a cell, through conducting wires, to the
other end of a cell.
+ -
In which direction does the current flow? Current flows from the Negative end of the cell (terminal) to the Positive terminal of a cell.
7
![Page 8: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Simple CircuitsSimple Circuits
Here is a simple electric circuit. It has a cell, a
lamp and a switch.
To make the circuit, these components are
connected together with metal connecting wires.
cell
switch lam
p
wires
+-
8
![Page 9: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
When the switch is closed, the lamp lights up. This is because there is a continuous path of metal for the electric current to flow around.
If there were any breaks in the circuit, the current could not flow.
+-
9
![Page 10: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Circuit DiagramsCircuit Diagrams
cell switch
lamp
wires
Scientists usually draw electric circuits using symbols;
+
+-+
10
![Page 11: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
More Circuit Symbols…More Circuit Symbols…There are many types of symbols you can use for drawing circuit diagrams;
cell battery
switch
lamp
motorammeter
voltmeter
resistor
11
![Page 12: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Types of CircuitsTypes of Circuits
There are two types of electrical circuits;
SERIES CIRCUITS PARALLEL CIRCUITS
12
![Page 13: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The components are connected end-to-end, one after the other.
They make a simple loop for the current to flow around.
SERIES CIRCUITS
If one bulb ‘blows’ it breaks the whole circuit and all the bulbs go out. 13
![Page 14: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
PARALLEL CIRCUITS
The current has a choice of routes.
The components are connected side by side.
If one bulb ‘blows’ there is still be a complete circuit to the other bulb so it stays alight.
14
![Page 15: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Measuring Current
Electric current is measured in amps (A)
using an ammeter connected in series in
the circuit.
A
15
![Page 16: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
A A
This is how we draw an ammeter in a circuit.
SERIES CIRCUIT PARALLEL CIRCUIT
16
![Page 17: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
SERIES CIRCUIT
PARALLEL CIRCUIT
• current is the same
at all points in the
circuit.
2A 2A
2A
• current is shared between the components
2A2A
1A
1A
17
![Page 18: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
copy the following circuits and fill in the missing ammeter readings.
?
?
4A
4A
4A
3A?
?
1A
?
3A
1A
1A
18
![Page 19: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
measuring voltage
The ‘electrical push’ which the cell gives to the
current is called the voltage. It is measured in
volts (V) on a voltmeter
V
19
![Page 20: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Different cells produce different voltages. The
bigger the voltage supplied by the cell, the bigger
the current.
measuring voltage
Unlike an ammeter a voltmeter is connected
across the components
Scientist usually use the term Potential
Difference (pd) when they talk about voltage.
20
![Page 21: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
measuring voltage
V
This is how we draw a voltmeter in a circuit.
SERIES CIRCUIT PARALLEL CIRCUIT
V
21
![Page 22: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
V
measuring voltage
VV
V
22
![Page 23: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
series circuit
1.5V
• voltage is shared between the components
1.5V
3V
23
![Page 24: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
• voltage is the same in all parts of the circuit.
3V
parallel circuit
3V
3V
24
![Page 25: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
measuring current & voltage
copy the following circuits on the next two slides.
complete the missing current and voltage readings.
remember the rules for current and voltage in series and parallel circuits.
25
![Page 26: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
measuring current & voltage
V V
6V4A
A
A
a)a)
26
![Page 27: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
measuring current & voltage
V
V
6V4A A
A
A
b)b)
27
![Page 28: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
answers
3V 3V
6V
4A 4A6V
6V
6V4A 4A
2A
2A
4A
a)a) b)b)
28
![Page 29: Current Electricity 1. What is Electric Current? Electric current is the flow of electricity through a conductor. The current is caused by the movement](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062320/56649f3e5503460f94c5e681/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Series ParallelCurrent Same SharedVoltage Shared Same
29