current swissgrid issues in the context of the european …€¦ · · 2016-11-07current...

© ETRANS AG 24. Januar 2005

Current swissgrid issues in the context of the European gridDr. Nisheeth Singh, ETRANS / swissgrid

© ETRANS AG 1. Juni 2005 2

RTE

REE

ELIAGEGEDEL TenneT EnBW, E.On Netz, RWE Net, Vattenfall

PSE

CEPS

SEPS

MAVIR Rt.

TIRAG, Verbund APG VKW-ÜN

RENJIEL

HTSOGRTN

ELES

HEP

TEL

NEK

European TSOs in the UCTE

Coordination Center North

Coordination Center South


UCTE Extension in a few years ?

UCTE Source


Reelle Netzteile 380/220kV

Switzerland‘s location in the middle of the UCTE network(Union for the Co-ordination of Transmission of Electricity)

220 kV380 kV

UCTE characteristics~ 450 million inhabitantspeak load: 300 - 350 GWyearly energy: 2368 TWh

CH characteristics~ 7.3 million inhabitantspeak load: 9,5 GWyearly energy : 59 TWh


Switzerland in the centre of UCTE

Cross-border capacity

• ca. 25‘000 MW

• 25% of UCTE

• ca. 10‘000 MW available (NTC)

Physical flows to the foreign countries

• 60 TWh p.a.

• 23% of flows in UCTE

Total load

• 58 TWh p.a.

• 3% of the UCTE total load

Verbois

Foretaille

BanlieueVaux Romanel

Mathod

Botterens

VeytauxChavalonSt. Triphon

RiddesLa Bâtiaz

Chamoson

Fionnay GDFionnay FMM

Creux de Chippis

StaldenZermeiggern

Gondo

Gabi

BitschMörel

Fiesch

Handeck

RobieiBavonaCavergno

Verbano

Peccia

Avegno

Lucendro Airolo

Göschenen

MagadinoManno

Gorduno

IragnaBiascaOlivone

Soazza

Ferrera

Castasegna

Bärenburg

LöbbiaTinizong

Tiefencastel

FilisurSils

Pradella

Ova Spin

Robbia

Rothenbrunnen

IlanzBonaduz

Mapragg

Tavanasa

Tierfehd

Ingenbohl

BenkenSarelli

Mörschwil

Montlingen

Winkeln

Weinfelden

Wittenwil

TössRiet

Schlattingen

Breite

Aathal

GrynauSiebenen

Samstagern

Altgass

Fällanden

AuwiesenSeebachRegensd

orfBirrBeznau

KoblenzLeibstadt

RubberswilNiederwil

Obfelden

SurseeMettlen

Littau

PlattischachenInnertkirc

hen

Oftringen

Lindenholz

Gösgen

LaufenburgMünchwill

en

Bickingen

AsphardLachmattFroloo

BassecourtFlumenthalGerlafingen

Mühleberg Wattenwil

Wimmis

Gstaad

Pieterlen

Chiètres

Galmiz

Hauterive


Swiss electricity map

• foundation on 01.01.2000• ca. 100 employees• location: Laufenburg

EASTERN GROUPWESTERN GROUP

12.9 %

Northwestern cantons and cantonal utilities

(ZH, AG, SH, TG, SG, AR, AI, ZG, GL)

11.5 %

canton Bern 52,9%EON 20%Freiburger EW 5%

13.2 % 5.0 %

UBS 55,6%EdF 20%

58.5%

14.5 %

Western cantonsand municipal

utilities

24.1 %

Zürichcity

Axpo Holding

18.8 %

Motor Columbus

cantonGrau-

bünden

46%

24,6% 21,4%

87,4% 72,9% 100%

10%

• coordination tasks for EHV network, scheduling and accounting

• services

• coordination tasks for scheduling and accounting UCTE south

• network time monitoring

Changes are boundto happen!

Rätia Energie


from ETRANS to swissgrid

1999 2004

consolidation of common tasks in Switzerland

extension of the scope of activities in view of the future national TSO

gradual extension of the activities

2000 2001 2002 2003 2005

national and international coordination activities performed by EGL Laufenburg

foreseen operation transfer to swissgrid, the Swiss TSO

founding of ETRANS, the network coordinator performing common activities for the Swiss transmission level with 50 employees

?

no

22.9.2002: rejection of the electricity law by a popular vote

CoCo

23.12.2004: competition commission mulls over the founding of swissgrid


Swissgrid and ETRANS: the common part and the differences

• Schedule and accounting coordination for Switzerland• Planning, forecast, acquisition and monitoring of the network status• Congestion management• Network operation in critical situations • Coordination of network restoration • Competence centre: planning and studies• Services for the Swiss network marketplace (datahighways,utilities telephone,

network databanks)• Schedule and accounting coordination «UCTE South»• Frequency monitoring / time correction• Network services (datahighway, databanks, studies)• Settlement of the international ITC (Inter TSO Compensation) mechanism

ETRANS Activities• Responsible for the operation of the Swiss transmission network• Operates one control area in Switzerland• Responsible for the management of cross border schedules• Responsible for cross border congestion management• Represents Switzerland in ETSO and UCTE


Some Challenges

• Schedules and Flows: two different Worlds• Ensuring Security in a changing Environment• Rules and Regulations• Increasing Schedule activities• Dynamics in Power System Operation


Difference between schedules and flows


Transfer Capacities are dependend on generation and lead patternCase

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

MW

trade physical flow

Mo Tu Wed Thr Fri Sa Su

UCTE Source


Congestion Management

How to manage structural and temporary bottlenecks

2


Business Process: congestion management

schedules

per traderaccordingto capacityrights

congestion

NTCdeterm.

yearly /daily

load flow calculations

Allocations /Auctions

yearly / daily

trader bids

NTC

values

DACF

daily

topologygeneration schedules

foreign networks

performanceof congestioneliminationand accounting

topologychange

redispatch

reductions

determin.ofcongestionelimination

redispatchbids

Topological measures

operational congestion managementallocation


Day Ahead Congestion Forecast (DACF) DACF process monitoring

SNAPSHOT OF REFERENCE TIMESTAMP

Swiss Topology

Swiss Generation Schedule

Swiss Exchange Schedule

SWISS DACF DATASET

DACF results publicationForeignDACFDatasets

UCTE-WIDE DACF DATASET

LOAD FLOW CALCULATION & CONTINGENCY

ANALYSIS

CONGESTION ?


Net Transfer Capacities (NTC) Forecast: Challenges (1)

Determinations• Capacities depend on topology, consumption and

generation• Capacities are an input for trading activities• Capacities can be defined „exactly“ if the UCTE generation

is known

n-1SecurityMargin

theoreticaltransmissioncapacity

Trans-missionMargin

NetTransferCapacity

CH specific• Sensitive to changes in the UCTE surroundings• Permanent capacity bottlenecks in the South• Occasional capacity bottlenecks in the North

14


Simplified business procedure for handling NTCand schedules (longterm till real-time)

Yearly calculationof optimistic NTC-valuesfor next year

Based on planned outages adaptionof yearly NTC values

Based on the dayahead load flow forecast of (n-1) security reduc-tion of schedules or redispatch ifrequired(up to TSO)

Based on assessment of actual security reduction of schedules or redispatch if required(up to TSO)

year ahead week ahead day ahead(after market closing)

real-time


Swiss Security Package: Current status

• N-1 (N-2) – security check• Operational planning Securitiy check after DACF and

Intra-Day• Real-time security check after state estimation (every 1

minute)• Observation area larger than our control area• Voltage angle difference on opening lines must allow to

switch in again• Thermal limits for different seasons (temperature)• Ultimate goal: Not to allow cascades !


Swiss electricity rules

Swissgrid

Framework contract and addenda

Swiss rules

§EleG, StromVG, KEG MLA + CMP

UCTE Operation Handbook

Px Py Pz

Grid Code CH

Transmission Code

Distribution Code

Metering Code

Standards

SLA SLASLA

SLA for framework contract

KSVB

Instructionsand guidelines

ETRANS /

Swissgrid rulesLegal basis:

Business processesswissgrid

Operation handbook

§

UCTE rules

current valid


UCTE Security Package = OH+MLA+CMEP Operation Handbook + Multi lateral Agreement + Compliance Monitoring and Enforcement Process

UCTE Source


Issues when imlpementing the ESS Scheduling System

• Tradeoff between security and freedom of traders• Fast and reliable business process• Large amount of market players• Hamonization between UCTE TSO while not

intervening with (local) market rules


Schedule management concept

RWE RTE similarly:GRTNEnBWAPG, VKW

Swissgridcontrol zone

BKtrader 1

BKtrader 1

FPBGtrader 1

FPBGRWE

FPBGEGLFPBG

Trader 2

foreigncountries

Transmission network(Swiss andforeign wholesale)

CHBG....balance group

HL....“hinterlieger“

....generator

....consumer

trader 1

BZV 1

trader 2

BZV 7

Distribution network(trading in BZ)


Dynamic Power System Monitoring and Modelling

1. Motivation2. Wide Area Monitoring: Local and Wide Area

Approach3. Examples4. Dynamic Power System Modelling5. Possible Future Applications


Dynamic Power System Monitoring and Modelling Motivation

• Increased size of West European power system– Natural damping of the system decreases– Higher number of TSOs which have to coordinate their system

operation and planning

• Liberalisation, Unbundling– Higher power transfers along several corridors– Due to market activities faster change of power flow and power flow

direction– New interfaces between power system users have to be managed

• Systems are used nearer to their operational limit– New tools have to be applied


Wide Area Monitoring with Phase Monitoring Units (PMU): Local and Wide Area Approach

Schaltanlage mit Transformatoren

Leitung mit 220kV in BetriebLeitung mit 380kV in Betrieb

Legende:

Schaltanlage

PMU1

BASSECOURT

PMU2 METTLEN

PMU3

LAVORGO PMU4

SOAZZA

PMU2 SILS

ZentraleDatensammlungund Auswertung

LAUFENBURG

GPS Satellit

East-WestPower Flow

North-SouthPower Flow


Electrical Reunification of Europe

ZONE 2

ZONE 1

PMU

PMU

Peak Load: 223 GW

Peak Load: 21 GW

PMU

PMU

October 10th 2004 9:34 – 10:58

5 x 380 kV

2 x 220 kV

1 x 110 kV


Examples


Impact of a Fault in Balkan area: power oscillation on Switzerland tie lines

2004-11-22; 06:31 - System Fault

49.84

49.86

49.88

49.9

49.92

49.94

49.96

49.98

50

50.02

50.04

06:31:00 06:31:15 06:31:30 06:31:45 06:32:00 06:32:15 06:32:30

f [Hz]

391

393

395

397

399

401

403

405

407

409

411

U [kV]

frequency: Mettlen

frequency: Ag Stefanos

voltage: Mettlen

voltage: Ag Stefanos0.16Hz

4kV

6kV

960

970

980

990

1000

1010

1020

1030

1040

1050

1060

06:31:00 06:31:15 06:31:30 06:31:45 06:32:00 06:32:15 06:32:30

P [MW]

345

348

351

354

357

360

363

366

369

372

375

P [MW]

active power: Bassecourt - Mambelin

active power: Mettlen - Lavorgo

60MW

21MW


01.05.2005 09:35:00 UCTE inter-area oscillation: initiating reason not yet known

01.05.2005 09:35:00 UCTE inter-area oscillation

49.94

49.95

49.96

49.97

49.98

49.99

50

50.01

9:35:00 9:37:00 9:39:00 9:41:00 9:43:00 9:45:00 9:47:00 9:49:00

Freq

uenc

y [H

z]

Frequency Ag. Stefanos Frequency Bassecourt

Overall 101 oscillation cycles


Swiss Dynamic Power System Modelling

• Dynamic system calculations required– During system planning, system extensions– Post-mortem analysis of system events

• High quality and user-friendly software tools are available– High resolution synchronised measurements are required for

dynamic model calibration and verification– UCTE Operation Handbook is asking for dynamic modelling and

calculations as well as exchange of related models

• ETRANS Swiss power system dynamic model– Set up for checking the power system restoration plans– Permanently updated and checked with the help of WAM

measurements


Dynamic Power System Modelling: Dedicated Power Plant Tests


Dynamic Power System Modelling: Modell Parameter Estimation

Beschleunigung

Leitapparat

Druckregler

Pilotservo

Ansprech-

Vorspannung

schwelle

Turbinenregler

Stellung Druckregler

StellungDrehzahl

Hauptservo Turbinenregler

Pilotservo

transiente Statik

bleibende Statik

o7

yT0

ypilo.. xt

xtd

yDyl

im

o1

xlim

yT(2

)

dn(1

)

o13

dn yT(1)

nG0

yTnG

bleib..

o5

dyt(1

..

dyt

ypilo

..

o3

ytdi

f

o4

xpilo..

xdrkd

rrv..

thdrr..

1/sT LimTdrr

DS_min

DS_max

sTb/(1+sTa)Td1,Td2

Ansteuerung H..Tauf,Tzu

-

-

-

-

Lim

min

max

-

-

Statikbt

sTb/(1+sTa)Tt,Tt

K kdrr

Statikbp

Kkp

1/s Lim

HS_min

HS_max

1/sT LimTx

PS_min

PS_max

sTb/

(1+s

Ta)

Tb,T

a

-

-

Turbinenregler: DIg

SILE

NT


Dynamic Power System Modelling: Parameter Identification


Wide Area Monitoring: Local and Wide Area Approach

• Permanent monitoring of the corridor– Correlation between active power and voltage phase angle– Voltage phase angle is used as a measure of the corridor loading

• Online thermal monitoring of transmission lines– Accurate phasor measurements– Evaluation of active power losses along the line– Calculation of resistance changes– Calculation of conductor temperature

• Permanent monitoring of the stability of the interconnected UCTE system– Online overlapping of frequency measurements from Greece and

Switzerland– Online monitoring of the voltage phase angle difference between

Greece and Switzerland

Ba

Me

LaSo

current swissgrid issues in the context of the european …€¦ · · 2016-11-07current...

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