current technical designs for tsunami warning systems: sri lanka rohan samarajiva
TRANSCRIPT
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Current Technical Designs for Tsunami Warning Systems: Sri Lanka Rohan Samarajiva
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Physical world wherehazards occur
Symbolic worldwhere action
originates
Mediatedinterpersona
l
Physical and symbolic worlds, absent
linking technologies
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Physical world wherehazards occur
Symbolic worldwhere action
originates
Mass media
Mediatedinterpersonal
Warnings
Warnings
The physical, the symbolic & their linking through ICTs, simplified
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Physical world wherehazards occur
Symbolic worldwhere action
originatesMass media
Mediatedinterpersona
l
Warnings
Physical world of hazards, symbolic worlds, link technologies & institutions that work imperfectly
Information & communication technology & institutions
Warning CenterHazard detection & monitoring system
Last mile: Our focus
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Communities; families;individuals
Effective warning: multiple pathways
Tsunami hazard detection(International/regional)
Assessment and issuance of warning (National center)
Media First responders(incl. CBOs)
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Tsunami waves & communication waves Point-to-point communication
networks are inherently vulnerable to congestionNo design can be congestion proofCongestion can be managed, not
avoidedPoint-to-multipoint is the only real
option• Cell broadcast vs SMS
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Tsunami waves & communication waves In a community-based (versus direct to
households) model, avoiding congestion is essential Keeping ahead of the congestion by acting
fast; if possible use priority channels Targeted point-to-multipoint media
• Addressable satellite radio (Disaster Warning, Response and Recovery)
• 10 second from activation to alert
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Key elements of the LIRNEasia/Sarvodaya design Improve hazard detection & monitoring
What can we do at village level?• Not tsunami detection; but ability to identify &
communicate abnormal phenomena• Villagers as active participant, not just passive
recipients Improve transmission of warnings
Really up to the government• But we can supplement
• How to alert a village when the radios and TVs are off and the police are far away
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Key elements
Improve preparedness to receive warnings and act appropriately Last-mile problem; fully within Sarvodaya’s
Grama Swarajya concept• Partly a communication problem
• Solutions are customized for each village
• Partly a question of the mind• Preparedness through training and drills• Identification of hazards and preparing responses
through training and simulations• Marking out evacuation paths, etc.
• Partly a law and order problem• Village self governance in collaboration with police
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First phase
How village organization matters Can better organized villages take decisions
faster and take right action? How training matters
“Disaster preparedness through knowledge and participation”
Availability of [two-way] ICT (free of congestion, with redundancy) is a necessary condition Need to know what works and what
appropriate mixes are
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Training No Training
Sarvodaya Village Stages 1, 2 & (3) (less organized)
VSAT Mobile phone
Fixed phone
ASR VSAT Mobile phone
Fixed phone
ASR
ASR + Ham radio
ASR + Fixed phone
ASR + Mobile Phone
Control Village
ASR + Ham radio
ASR + Fixed phone
ASR + Mobile Phone
Control Village
Sarvodaya Village Stages (3), 4 & 5 (more organized)
VSAT Mobile phone
Fixed phone
ASR VSAT Mobile phone
Fixed phone
ASR
ASR + Ham radio
ASR + Fixed phone
ASR + Mobile Phone
Control Village
ASR + Ham radio
ASR + Fixed phone
ASR + Mobile Phone
Control Village
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Partners and responsibilities
LIRNEasia: Research design and project management
IDRC: Funding TVEAP: Training of trainers; evaluation Sarvodaya Shanti Sena: Trainers and
evaluators Sarvodaya DMC: Hazard info hub Sarvodaya tech services: Telecenters
using VSATs; maintenance of equipment
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Partners and responsibilities
WorldSpace: DWRR Mobile operator (Dialog) and software
partner (MicroImage): Multi-lingual SMS on Java; priority SMS?
London School of Economics (Dr Gordon Gow): CAP and international best practices
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Our objectives
Generate research findings as quickly as possible (even though project runs until November 2007)
Use those findings to provide appropriate ICTs and training to All 226 tsunami-affected villagesAll 15,000 Sarvodaya villagesAll ~30,000 villages in our country
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Preparedness: the bulwark that saves lives