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B. SURFACE- (wind driven) sun is responsible for uneven heating of the atmosphere and water. Circulation of oceans fig and Cooler water is more dense and therefore sink

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Page 1: CURRENTS. III. CURRENTS- move large amounts of water A. Deep Water Currents (density driven) why does the density of water change? cooling, evaporation,

CURRENTS

Page 2: CURRENTS. III. CURRENTS- move large amounts of water A. Deep Water Currents (density driven) why does the density of water change? cooling, evaporation,

III. CURRENTS- move large amounts of water

• A. Deep Water Currents (density driven)

• why does the density of water change? cooling , evaporation, and freezing

Page 3: CURRENTS. III. CURRENTS- move large amounts of water A. Deep Water Currents (density driven) why does the density of water change? cooling, evaporation,

B. SURFACE- (wind driven)

• sun is responsible for uneven heating of the atmosphere and water.

• Circulation of oceans fig. 1-17 and 1-18. Cooler water is more dense and therefore sink

•

Page 4: CURRENTS. III. CURRENTS- move large amounts of water A. Deep Water Currents (density driven) why does the density of water change? cooling, evaporation,

B. Coriolis effect-surface deflection • Gaspar de Coriolis

1835 Observed phenomenon " an apparent "force" on moving particles resulted from the earth's rotation"

Page 5: CURRENTS. III. CURRENTS- move large amounts of water A. Deep Water Currents (density driven) why does the density of water change? cooling, evaporation,

• "apparent deflection of any moving object not attached to the earth's surface"

• Rotation of the earth pulls and deflects the wind and water to the...

• right in the north 45 degrees• left in the south• amount of deflection depends on velocity

and latitude

Page 6: CURRENTS. III. CURRENTS- move large amounts of water A. Deep Water Currents (density driven) why does the density of water change? cooling, evaporation,

• Generates large rivers of water "gyres" not centered in the oceans

Page 7: CURRENTS. III. CURRENTS- move large amounts of water A. Deep Water Currents (density driven) why does the density of water change? cooling, evaporation,

C. Ekman spiral• a theoretical

representation of the effect of the wind blowing steadily over the ocean.

Page 8: CURRENTS. III. CURRENTS- move large amounts of water A. Deep Water Currents (density driven) why does the density of water change? cooling, evaporation,
Page 9: CURRENTS. III. CURRENTS- move large amounts of water A. Deep Water Currents (density driven) why does the density of water change? cooling, evaporation,

• deep water deflection down 100 to 200 m (328 to 656 ft.)

• caused by the "drag" of successively deeper layers of water.

Page 10: CURRENTS. III. CURRENTS- move large amounts of water A. Deep Water Currents (density driven) why does the density of water change? cooling, evaporation,

• ***** in the water off the coast of FLA., winds blowing from the south along the Atl. coast drive surface waters to the right or off shore. Coastal water is replaced by cooler- nutrient rich waters from depths of 200-300 m. Myrtle beach can get very cold ******

Page 11: CURRENTS. III. CURRENTS- move large amounts of water A. Deep Water Currents (density driven) why does the density of water change? cooling, evaporation,

D. Upwellings

• Oxygen carried down for respiration

• Organic carries material up for fertilization of algae

Page 12: CURRENTS. III. CURRENTS- move large amounts of water A. Deep Water Currents (density driven) why does the density of water change? cooling, evaporation,

• *** Peruvian Coast- warm water pushed offshore by southern winds, allows space for cold water upwelling. El Nino: when the warm water remains close to the shore. Destroys the anchovy fishing. El Nino because it is near Christmas.******

http://daac.gsfc.nasa.gov/oceancolor/images/Benguela_upwelling.gif

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