curriculum for doctor of philosophy in chemistry

CURRICULUM

FOR

Doctor of Philosophy

in

Chemistry

PhD Chemistry

Session 2020 to Onwards

Department of Chemistry

UNIVERSITY OF OKARA

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Syllabus for PhD Chemistry Program

Department of Chemistry

University of Okara

Mission Statement

The overarching aim of the Ph. D. Chemistry Curriculum is to provide chemistry-related

learning experiences for students to develop scientific literacy, so that they can participate

actively in our rapidly changing knowledge-based society, prepare for further studies or

careers in fields related to chemistry, and become lifelong learners in science and technology.

The broad aims of Ph. D. Chemistry Curriculum are to:

Develop students interest in chemistry and its usefulness in helping to explain phenomena

and solve problems encountered in their ever-changing world

Understand the latest theories and models to describe, explain and make predictions about

chemical systems, structures and properties

Understand the factors that affect chemical systems, and how chemical systems can be

controlled to produce desired products

Understand experimental science that has developed through independent and

collaborative research, and that has significant impacts on society and implications for

decision making

Explore a wide range of scientific investigations, including the collection and analysis of

qualitative and quantitative data and the interpretation of evidence

Improve student’s skills in critically evaluation and debate scientific arguments and

claims in order to solve problems and generate informed, responsible and ethical

conclusions

Communicate chemical understanding and findings to a range of audiences, including

through the use of appropriate representations, language and nomenclature.

Rationale

Chemistry is the study of materials and substances, and the transformations they undergo

through interactions and the transfer of energy. Chemists can use an understanding of

chemical structures and processes to adapt, control and manipulate systems to meet particular

economic, environmental and social needs. This includes addressing the global challenges of

climate change and security of water, food and energy supplies, and designing processes to

maximize the efficient use of Earth’s finite resources. Chemistry develops student's

understanding of the key chemical concepts and models of structure, bonding, and chemical

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change, including the role of chemical, electrical and thermal energy. Students learn how

models of structure and bonding enable chemists to predict properties and reactions and to

adapt these for particular purposes.

Students explore key concepts and models through active inquiry into phenomena and

through contexts that exemplify the role of chemistry and chemists in society. Students

design and conduct qualitative and quantitative investigations both individually and

collaboratively. They investigate questions and hypotheses, manipulate variables, analyze

data, evaluate claims, solve problems and develop and communicate evidence-based

arguments and models. Thinking in chemistry involves using differing scales including

macro-, micro- and nano-scales; using specialized representations such as chemical symbols

and equations; and being creative, as when designing new materials or models of chemical

systems. The study of chemistry provides a foundation for undertaking investigations in a

wide range of scientific fields and often provides the unifying link across interdisciplinary

studies.

Some of the major challenges and opportunities facing Pakistan at the beginning of the

twenty-first century are inextricably associated with chemistry. Issues of sustainability on

local, national and global levels are, and will continue to be, tackled by the application of

chemical knowledge, using a range of technologies. These include issues such as the supply

of clean drinking water, efficient production and use of energy, management of mineral

resources, increasing acidification of the oceans, and climate change.

Studying senior secondary Science provides students with a suite of skills and understandings

that are valuable to a wide range of further study pathways and careers. An understanding of

chemistry is relevant to a range of careers, including those in forensic science, food science,

environmental science, engineering, medicine, pharmacy and sports science. Additionally,

chemistry knowledge is valuable in occupations that rely on an understanding of materials

and their interactions, such as art, wine making, agriculture, and food technology. Some

students will use this course as a foundation to pursue further studies in chemistry, and all

students will become more informed citizens, able to use chemical knowledge to inform

evidence-based decision making and engage critically with contemporary scientific issues.

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Eligibility Criteria for Ph. D. Chemistry

Minimum CGPA 3.0 out of 4.0 in the semester system or 1st division in the annual system

in MPhil/MS or equivalent degree in Chemistry or 18 years of education with chemistry

from any HEC recognized university or degree awarding institution.

The students shall be required to take subject based Entry Test and meet the qualifying

criteria.

Applicant must be accompanied with a concept paper/ research proposal.

Recommendation of Ph. D. Admission Committee after the interview is mandatory.

Admission Criteria

Merit lists will be prepared/ Admission will be awarded in accordance with the criteria given

in “University of Okara Admission Regulations”.

Assessment Mechanism

Assessment and evaluation of students will be according to the “Assessment and Evaluation

Regulations” of the University of Okara.

Degree Requirements

The degree of Ph. D. in Chemistry will be awarded in accordance with the “Assessment and

Evaluation Regulations” and “Regulations for Ph. D.” of the University of Okara.

Title of the Degree

The title of the degree will be “Doctor of Philosophy in Chemistry”.

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Scheme of Studies

Ph. D. Chemistry

Year 1 (Two Semesters): Course Work

Year 2 to onwards: Research Work

Decoding of CHEM XXXX

CHEM XXXX Analytical Applied Inorganic Organic Physical

CHEM XXXX Paper-I CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX

CHEM XXXX Paper-II CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX

CHEM XXXX Paper-III CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX

CHEM XXXX Paper-IV CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX

CHEM XXXX Paper-V CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX

CHEM XXXX Paper-VI CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX CHEM XXXX

CHEM 9000 Thesis CHEM 9000

* Institutions may increase the credit hours of research work as per their requirement.

* The University reserves the right to change/ revise any course(s) with the approval of

Academic Council at any time.

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Semester Wise Break Up

Ph. D. Chemistry (Total Credit Hours = 27)

Course Code Course Title Credit Hours

Semester- I

CHEM XXXX Paper-I 3

CHEM XXXX Paper-II 3

CHEM XXXX Paper-III 3

Total 09

Semester- II

CHEM XXXX Paper-IV 3

CHEM XXXX Paper-V 3

CHEM XXXX Paper-VI 3

Total 09

Semester- III to onwards

CHEM 9000 Thesis 9

Total 9

Total Credit Hours for Ph. D. Chemistry 27

* As per HEC policy and international standards credit hours for Ph. D. would be 27 credit,

18

credit hours for courses and 9 credit hours for research.

Proposed Courses

Institutions shall have to offer courses of 18 credit hours out of the following list depend on

the availability of faculty. New courses may also be designed according to the expertise

available.

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Courses of Analytical Chemistry

CHEM 7001 Advanced Analytical Instrumental Techniques

CHEM 7002 Surface Analysis Techniques

CHEM 7003 Advanced Thermal Analysis

CHEM 7004 Analysis and Characterization of Polymers

CHEM 7005 Advanced Atomic Spectroscopy

CHEM 7006 Chromatographic Methods of Analysis

CHEM 7007 Advanced Molecular Spectroscopy

CHEM 7008 Bio-analytical Chemistry

CHEM 7009 Polymer Characterization by Hyphenated Techniques

CHEM 7010 Recent Advances in Analytical Chemistry

CHEM 7011 Environmental Analysis

CHEM 7012 Laser and Luminescence Spectroscopy

Courses of Applied Chemistry

CHEM 7021 Corrosion Chemistry

CHEM 7022 Green Chemistry

CHEM 7023 Industrial Catalysis

CHEM 7024 Pharmaceutical Chemistry

CHEM 7025 Agrochemicals

CHEM 7026 Chemistry of Dyes and Pigments

CHEM 7027 Industrial Polymers

CHEM 7028 Applied Atomic Spectroscopy

CHEM 7029 Applied Mass Spectrometry

CHEM 7030 Chemistry of Supramolecules

CHEM 7031 Phase Transfer Catalysis

CHEM 7032 Applied Nuclear Chemistry

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Courses of Inorganic Chemistry

CHEM 7041 Composite Materials

CHEM 7042 Inorganic Electronic Spectroscopy

CHEM 7043 Kinetics and Mechanisms of Inorganic Reactions

CHEM 7044 Organo-transition Metal Chemistry

CHEM 7045 Bio-Inorganic Chemistry

CHEM 7046 Advance Chemical Kinetics

CHEM 7047 Metal Based Drugs

CHEM 7048 Extractive Metallurgy

CHEM 7049 Nano Chemistry

CHEM 7050 Applied Transition Metal Catalytic Chemistry

CHEM 7051 Photochemical Reactions of Transition Metals

CHEM 7052 Solid State Chemistry

Courses of Organic Chemistry

CHEM 7061 Asymmetric synthesis and Named Reactions

CHEM 7062 Advance Heterocyclic Chemistry and Retro Analysis

CHEM 7063 Advance Spectroscopic Techniques

CHEM 7064 Biosynthesis of Natural Products

CHEM 7065 Organometallics and Color Chemistry

CHEM 7066 Polymers and Alpha Carbon Chemistry

CHEM 7067 Recent Advances in Organic Chemistry

CHEM 7068 Advanced Heterocycles II

CHEM 7069 Pericyclic Reactions

CHEM 7070 Symmetry Controlled Reactions

CHEM 7071 Chemistry of Glycosides

CHEM 7072 Physio-Organic Chemistry and Reaction Mechanism

CHEM 7073 Advanced Stereochemistry

CHEM 7074 Modern Trends in Organic Synthesis

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Courses of Physical Chemistry

CHEM 7081 Radiation Chemistry

CHEM 7082 Photochemistry

CHEM 7083 Molecular Spectroscopy

CHEM 7084 Colloids and Surfactants

CHEM 7085 Recent Advances and Applications in Computational Chemistry

CHEM 7086 Solution Chemistry

CHEM 7087 Physical Chemistry of Biomolecules

CHEM 7088 Heterogeneous Catalysis

CHEM 7089 Modern Aspects of Chemical Kinetics

CHEM 7090 Environmental Chemistry and Energy Conversions

CHEM 7091 Magnetic Spin Dynamics

CHEM 7092 Electrode Processes

CHEM 7093 Complex Extension of Quantum Chemistry

CHEM 7094 Recent Advances in Physical Chemistry

CHEM 7095 Physical Chemistry of Polymers and Composites

CHEM 7096 Biophysical Chemistry

CHEM 7097 Advanced Reaction Dynamics

CHEM 7098 Research Methodology and Chemical Data Handling

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Analytical Chemistry

CHEM 7001 Advanced Analytical Instrumental Techniques 03 (3 + 0)

Principles of mass spectrometry, supercritical fluid chromatography and high speed counter

current chromatography, Instrumentation and applications of mass spectrometry, supercritical

fluid chromatography and high speed counter current chromatography, gel-electrophoresis:

Theory and applications. Discussion on relevant research papers and review articles.

Recommended Books

1. D. A. Skoog, Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 3rd ed., Saunder College Publishing,

Philadelphia (1984).

2. G. W. Ewing, Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis, McGraw-Hill, New York

(1985).

3. D. A. Skoog et al., West and Holler, Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, 8th ed.,

Thomson, Brooks/Cole, Australia (2004).

4. A. Braithwaite and F. J. Smith, Chromatographic Methods, Chapman and Hall, New

York(1985).

CHEM 7002 Surface Analysis Techniques 03 (3 + 0)

Introduction, Theory, Principle and Instrumentation of Auger Electron Microscopy, Scanning

Electron microscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, Vibrational spectroscopy from

surfaces, Scanning Probe Microscopy. XRD. Applications of surface analytical techniques.

Recommended Books

1. J. C. Vickerman, I. Gilmore, “Surface Analysis, the Principle techniques”, 2nd Ed, John

Wiley and Sons, New York, USA (2009).

2. D. J. O’ Connor, B. A. Sexton, “Surface Analysis Methods in Material Science”, Volume

23, 2nd Ed, USA (2003).

3. J. M. Walls, “Methods for Surface Analysis, Techniques and Applications” Press,

University of Cambridge, UK (1990).

4. J. F. Watts, J. Wolstenholme, “An Introduction to the Surface Analysis by XPS and AES”,

John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA (2003).

5. H. A. Liebhafsky, H. G. Pfeiffer, E. H. Winslow, P. D. Zemany, "X-Rays, Electrons, and

Analytical Chemistry", Wiley-Interscience, New York, USA (1972).

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CHEM 7003 Advanced Thermal Analysis 3(3-0)

Theory and instrumentation: Thermogravimetery (TG), Differential Thermal Analysis

(DTA), Differential Scanning Calorimetery (DSC). Quantitative interpretation: TGA, DTA,

DSC curves. Applications: DTA, TGA in cements, catalysis, clays, minerals, biological

materials, drugs, polymers and textiles.

Recommended Books

1. T. Hatakeyama and F. X. Quinn, 2nd ed., Thermal Analysis Fundamentals and

Applications to Polymer Science, John Wiley, New York (1999).

2. P. J. Haines, Thermal Methods of Analysis, Blackie Academic and Professional,

London (1995).

3. W. W. M. Wendlandt, Thermal Analysis, 3rd ed., John Wiley, New York (1986).

4. T. Hatakeyama and F. X. Quinn, 2nd ed., Thermal Analysis Fundamentals and

Applications to Polymer Science, John Wiley, New York (1999).

6. J. W. Dodd and K. H. Tonge, Thermal Method: Analytical Chemistry by Open

Learning, John Wiley (1987).

CHEM 7004 Analysis and Characterization of Polymers 3(3-0)

The polymerization processes and techniques, molecular weight and its determination,

polymer additives (plasticizers, stabilizers and fillers). Chemical analysis, GPC and other

chromatographic methods of analysis. Mechanical, thermal, spectroscopic, microscopic and

X-ray diffraction analysis. Synthetic and degradation reactions.

Recommended Books

1. J. M. G. Cowie, Polymers: Chemistry and Physics of Modern Materials, International

Textbook Co., London (1973).

2. F. W. Billmeyer, Textbook of Polymer Science, 3rd ed, John Wiley & Sons, New York

(1994).

3. C. E. Carraher, Seymour/Carraher’s Polymer Chemistry, 5th ed., Revised and Expanded,

Marcel Dekker, New York (2000).

4. C. E. Carraher, Introduction to Polymer Chemistry, CRC Taylor and Francis Group, New

York (2007).

5. J. R. Fried, Polymer Science and Technology, Prentice HALL PTR (1995).

6. Rudin, The Elements of Polymer Science and Engineering, Academic Press (1999).

7. T. R. Crompton, Analysis of Polymers: An Introduction, Pergamon Press (1989).

8. E. Carraher, Jr., Polymer Chemistry, An Introduction, 4th ed., Marcel Dekker Inc (1992).

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CHEM 7005 Advanced Atomic Spectroscopy 3(3-0)

Atomic spectroscopy: Quantitative and qualitative aspects, spectra from high energy sources.

Atomic absorption spectroscopy: Flame and electrothermal atomization, cold vapor and

hydride generation techniques, construction, working, advantages and limitations of

instrumental components. Optimization parameters: Interferences and applications of atomic

absorption spectroscopy. Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy: Theory and applications,

comparisons of AFS with AAS. Atomic emissions spectroscopy: Based on plasma sources,

simultaneous and sequential systems, experimental considerations and performance

characteristics, instrumentation and applications of ICP-AES. Electric Arc and spark

emission spectrophotometric methods: Lasers, analytical applications in atomic spectroscopy.

QA and QC in atomic spectroscopy methods: Data handling and statistical manipulation.

Recommended Books

1. E. H Evans, An Introduction to Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, John Wiley & Sons Ltd.,

New York (1998).

2. J. R. Dean, Atomic Absorption and Plasma Spectroscopy, 2nd ed., D. J. Ando, (Ed),

John Wiley and Sons (1997).

3. Montaser and D. W. Goloightly, Inductively Coupled Plasmas in Analytical Atomic

Spectrometry, VCH Publishers Inc., New York (1992).

4. M. Thomson, and J. N. Walsh, Handbook of Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry,

2nd ed., Blackie and Son Ltd., Glasgow and London (1989).

5. F. Rouessac and A. Rouessac, Chemical Analysis-Modern Instrumental Methods and

Techniques, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., UK (2000).

6. K. A. Rubinson and J. F. Rubinson, Contemporary Instrumental Analysis, Prentice-Hall,

Inc., USA (2000).

7. D. A. Skoog and J. J. Leary, Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 4th ed., Saunders

College Publishing, USA (1992).

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CHEM 7006 Chromatographic Methods of Analysis 3(3-0)

Introduction: Classification of chromatographic methods, theory of separations and retention

characteristics, description of chromatograms, Chromatographic parameters:

The Van-Deemter equation, column efficiency, band broadening and resolution.

Types of liquid chromatography: Working methodology, instrumentation and applications of

adsorption partition, ion exchange, gel permeation, affinity and high performance liquid

chromatography, effect of temperature, particle size, column size, pressure and HETP.

Detectors for liquid chromatography: High performance thin layer chromatography.

Gas-Chromatography: sample introduction, splitters, columns and detectors in GC,

optimization of gas chromatographic separations.

Recommended Books

1. D. Harvey, Modern Analytical Chemistry, McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. (2000).

2. K. A. Rubinson and J. F. Rubinson, Contemporary Instrumental Analysis, Prentice-Hall,

Inc., USA (2000).

A. Braithwaite and F. J. Smith, Chromatographic Methods, Chapman and Hall, New York

(1985).

3. J. Weiss, Ion Chromatography, 2nd ed., VCH Publishers Inc, New York (1995).

4. F. Rouessac and A. Rouessac, Chemical Analysis-Modern Instrumental Methods and

Techniques, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., UK (2000).

5. G. D. Christian, Analytical Chemistry, 6th ed., John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Singapore (2003).

6. D. A. Skoog and J. J. Leary, Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 4th ed., Saunders

College Publishing, USA (1992).

7. D. C. Harris, Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 3rd ed., W. H. Freeman Company, New

York (1991).

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CHEM 7007 Advanced Molecular Spectroscopy 3(3-0)

UV/Visible Spectroscopy, Beer-Lamberts law, Instrumentation and application, Working

of single and double beam spectrophotometer, Application of UV/Visible Spectroscopy,

Infrared Spectroscopy, modes and absorption frequencies, Hooks Law, Instrumentation

and sample handling, Interpretation of Infrared spectra, Applications of Infrared

spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Spin flipping Nuclear Precession and

absorption of electromagnetic radiation, Chemical shift, Sample handling and

Instrumentation, Mass spectroscopy, Principle, Instrumentation, The mass spectrum,

Modes of Fragmentation, Applications of mass spectroscopy.

Recommended Books

1. A. G. Dudek, An Introduction to Proton NMR Spectroscopy, 1st Ed., Holden Day,

San Francisco, USA (1976).

2. D. L. Pavia, G. M. Lampman, G. S. Kriz, Jr., Introduction to Spectroscopy, 2nd Ed,

W. B. Saunders, USA (1979).

3. D. W. Mathieson, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for Organic Chemistry, Academic

Press, London, UK (1967).

4. A. Douglas, F. Skoog, J. Holler, T. A. Nieman, Principles of Instrumental Analysis,

5th Ed, Saunders College Publishing, New York, USA (1997).

5. E. D. Hoffmann, V. Stroobant (Editors) Mass Spectrometry: Principles and

Applications 2nd Ed, John Wiley & Sons; USA (2001).

6. G. D. Christian, J.E. O'Reilley, Instrumental Analysis, 2nd Ed, Boston, USA (1986).

7. G.W. Ewing, Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis, 5th Ed, McGraw-Hill,

New York, USA (1985).

8. H. Budzikiewitz, C. Djerassi, and D. H. Williams, Mass Spectrometry, Holden-Day.

San Francisco, USA (1967).

9. J. R. Chapman, Practical Organic Mass Spectrometry, John Wiley and Sons, USA

(1985).

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CHEM 7008 Bio-analytical Chemistry 3(3-0)

Introduction and interdisciplinary scope of emerging field of bio analytical chemistry. Recent

advances for the study and quantification of biological molecules (proteins, amino acids,

peptides, carbohydrates, lipids, and vitamins) using spectroscopy (UV-Vis, Raman, NMR,

mass spectrometry and light scattering), bioseparations (chromatography, electrophoresis,

and microdialysis) and bioelectrochemistry (biosensors). Role and health implications of n-3,

n-6 (polyunsaturated), cis/trans fatty acids, Introduction to metals of biological importance

and their functions in enzyme catalysis, metal ions and chelating agents for medicinal and

medical purposes. Essential, trace and toxic metals in biological systems. Structural and

functional properties of biomaterials, their chemistry, biochemical aspects and applications in

medicine.

Recommended Books

1. David, J.H. 1998. Analytical Biochemistry. Prentice Hall, England.

2. Harris, D.C. 2009. Quantitative Chemical Analysis. Freeman and Company. New York.

3. Mikkelsen, S.R. and E. Corton, 2004. Bio-analytical Chemistry. Jhon Will. McGraw Hill

Book Co., New York.

4. Sawhney, S.K. and R. Singh. 2005. Introductory Practical Biochemistry. Narosa

Publishing House New Delhi, India.

5. Wilson, K. and J. Walker. 2005. Principles and Techniques of Biochemistry and

Molecular Biology. 6th ed. Cambridge University Press. UK.

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CHEM 7009 Polymer Characterization by Hyphenated Techniques 3(3-0)

Introduction to polymers, Properties of Polymers, Thermal analysis of polymers, Chemical

analysis of polymers, Hyphenation in polymer analysis, Hyphenation of size exclusion

chromatography with selective detectors, two dimensional liquid chromatography,

Combination of High performance liquid chromatography HPLC and Mass spectrometry

(Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Time of Flight Mass spectrometry). Spectroscopic

techniques, FTIR, NMR for polymer analysis.

Recommended Books

1. T. Provder, H. G. Barth, M. W. Urban, Chromatographic Characterization of Polymer,

Hyphenated and Multidimensional Techniques, American Chemical Society, Washington

DC, USA (1995).

2. Snyder, J. J. Kirkland, Introduction to Modern Liquid Chromatography, 2nd Ed, Wiley,


3. Stock, Rice, Chromatographic methods, 2nd Ed, Chapman and Hall, UK (1967).

4. R. P. W. Scott, Techniques and Practices of Chromatography, 2nd Ed, Marcel Dekker,

UK (1995).

CHEM 7010 Recent Advances in Analytical Chemistry 3(3-0)

Latest advances in following areas of analytical chemistry will be studied: Ultrafast

spectroscopy and its applications; High speed counter current chromatography; Mousbar

spectroscopy; Radio-analytical methods of analysis; Luminescence spectroscopy; Flow

injection analysis; Microscopy and surface analysis; Diffraction based advance analytical

techniques; Analytical review of latest books and research papers/review articles.

Recommended Books

1. Christian, G.D, 2006. Analytical Chemistry, 6th Ed, John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA

2. Harris, D.C. 2009. Quantitative Chemical Analysis. Freeman and Company. New York.

USA

3. Rouessac, F. and A. Rouessac. 2007. Chemical Analysis, Modern Instrumentation

Methods and Techniques. John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA

4. Sharma, B.K. 2005. Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis, Goel Publishing House,

Meerut, India.

5. Skoog, D.A., F.J. Holler and T.A. Nieman. 2009. Instrumental Analysis. 6th Ed, Saunders

College Publishing, New York, USA.

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CHEM 7011 Environmental Analysis 3(3-0)

Introduction, General principle and Techniques. Soil, sludge, sediment and dust analysis.

Analysis of plant Material, Analysis of Atmospheric samples, Analysis of Water

determination of toxic organic Chemistry. Analysis of toxic heavy metals. Biological

indicators, Echo toxicology.

Recommended Books

1. B. B. Kebbekus, S. Mitra “Environmental Chemical Analysis”, 1st Ed., Blackie Academic

& Professional, New York, USA (1998).

2. D. Barcelo, “Environmental analysis: Techniques, Applications and Quality Assurance”,

Volume 13, Elsevier B.V., Netherland (1993).

3. P. Patnaik, “Handbook of Environmental Analysis”, 2nd Ed, CRC Press, Taylor and

Francis Group, UK (2010).

CHEM 7012 Laser and Luminescence Spectroscopy 3(3-0)

Introduction, principle, laser operation, spontaneous emission mission, stimulated emission,

population in inversion, population inversion in two level system, three level system in four

level system. Properties of laser light. Types of lasers; nitrogen laser CO2 laser, ruby laser,

dye laser. Uses of lasers. Radiation in absorption fluorescence spectroscopic methods.

Applications. Laser induced chemical reactions laser in industrial chemical processes.

Atomic and molecular fluorescence spectroscopy basic principle and instrumentation,

structural factors, instrumentation for fluorescence and Phosphorescence Measurement,

Room temperature Phosphorescence, Comparison of Luminescence and UV-Visible

Absorption Methods.

Recommended Books

1. S. Stenholm, “Foundations of laser spectroscopy”, John Wiley and Sons Inc., 605 Third

Avenue, New York, USA (2008).

2. W. Demtroder, “Laser Spectroscopy: Basic Concepts and Instrumentation, 3rd Ed.,

Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York, USA (2003).

3. D. A. Cremers, L. J. Radziemski, “Handbook of Laser-Induced Breakdown

Spectroscopy”, John Wiley & Sons, USA (2006).

4. C. Ronda, “Luminescence”, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

Germany (2008).

5. B. Valeur, “Molecular Fluorescence, Principle and Application” Wiley-VCH, Weinheim,

Germany (2002).

6. Ebdon, E. H. Evans (ed.), A. Fisher and S.J. Hill “An Introduction to Analytical Atomic

Spectrometry” Wiley, Chichester, USA (1998).

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Applied Chemistry

CHEM 7021 Corrosion Chemistry 3(3−0)

Introduction to corrosion, Importance of corrosion, Corrosion Mechanisms, Corrosion

products, Factors affecting rate of corrosion, General types of corrosion, Types of corrosion

under organic coatings, oxidative corrosion. corrosion causing substances, Corrosion of

nonmetals; Corrosion protection: Methods for corrosion control, electrochemical protection,

special paints and coatings (Metallic, organic and inorganic nonmetallic coatings), Acid

pickling, Corrosion inhibitors.

Recommended Books

1. Revie, R.W., Uhlig, H. H. 2008. Corrosion and Corrosion Control, An Introduction to

Corrosion Science and Engineering, 4th Ed, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

2. Bardal, E. 2004. Corrosion and Protection, Springer-Verlag London Limited

3. Roberge, P.R. 2008. Corrosion Engineering Principles and Practice, The McGraw-Hill

Companies, Inc.

4. Landolt, D. 2007. Corrosion and Surface Chemistry of Metals, E P F L P r e s s,

Switzerland

5. Talbot, D., Talbot, J. 1998. Corrosion Science and Technology, 2ND Ed. CRC Press LLC.

6. Forsgren, A. 2006. Corrosion control through organic coating, CRC, Press, LLC. Taylor

& Francis Group, LLC

CHEM 7022 Green Chemistry 3(3-0)

The fundamentals of green chemistry, Atom economy, Life cycle assessment, use of

renewable resources, Catalysis for green chemistry (with reference to general, inorganic,

organic and polymer chemistry), Alternative solvents and reaction media, Energy and the

environment, Global warming, Renewable energy

Recommended Books

1. Lancaster, M. 2010. Green Chemistry – An introductory text, Royal Society of

Chemistry

2. Roger A. Sheldon, Isabel Arends, and Ulf Hanefeld. 2007. Green Chemistry and

Catalysis, Wiley-VCH, Weiheim, Germany

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CHEM 7023 Industrial Catalysis 3(3−0)

Catalysis; Classification of catalysts; activity, selectivity and stability of catalysis;

Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis, Electrocatalysis; Electrocatalytic Processes;

Electrocatalysis in Fuel Cells, Comparison between Electrocatalysis and Heterogeneous

Catalysis, Biocatalysis: Basics of enzymatic catalysis, Mechanisms and Applications of

Enzyme Catalysis, Photocatalysis: Basic Principles, Photoreduction and Oxidation of Water,

Photocleavage of Water, Economic Importance of Catalysts, Future Development of

Catalysis

Recommended Books

1. Roberts, S.M., Poignant, G. 2002. Catalysts for Fine Chemical Synthesis, Vol. 1., John

Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

2. Rothenberg, G. 2008. Catalysis, Concepts and Green Applications, Wiley-VCH Verlag

GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

3. Schmidt, S. R. 2007. Catalysis of Organic Reactions, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

4. Hagen, J. 2006. Industrial Catalysis, A Practical Approach, 2ND Ed. Wiley-VCH Verlag

GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany

5. Wijngaarden, R. J., Kronberg, A., Westertep, K. R. 1998. Industrial Catalysis, Wiley-

VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany

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CHEM 7024 Pharmaceutical Chemistry 3(3−0)

Physico-chemical factors, Physical chemistry concepts in pharmaceuticals, structural features

and biological activity (Chemical structure and chemoselectivity), Drug metabolism, Phase-I

and Phase-II reactions. Drug action on enzymes, Drug actions on receptors, Prodrugs,

Bioisosteres, Synthesis, absorption, biotransformation, excretion mode of action and

toxicology of following drugs. Sulfonamides including N1 and N4 derivatives, phenomenon

of synergism. Antipyretic analygesics like aniline derivatives, salicylates and quinolines.

Sedatives and hypnotics including barbiturates and non barbiturates. Antibiotics; penicillins,

tetracyclines, chloramphenicol and aminoglycoside antibiotics. Cardiovascular agents

including cardiotonic, hypotensive, hypocholestrolemic, anticoagulants and hypoglycemic

agents, Vitamins, Steroids.

Recommended Books

1. Ahuja, S. and Scypinski S., 2001, Handbook of Modern Pharmaceutical Analysis,

Academic Press, A Harcourt Science and Technology Company, USA

2. H. Buschman etal., 2002. Analysis from Chemistry & Pharmacology to Clinical

Application. Wiley-VCH, Inc. Germany

3. D. Cairns, 2008. essentials of Pharmaceuticals Chemistry, 3rd Ed., Pharmaceuticals Press.

4. A. Kleemann, J. Angel, 2000. Pharmaceuticals, substance, synthesis, patents &

Applications,

5. J. P. Griffin, The Textbook of Pharmaceuticals Medicines, 4th Ed. BMJ Books. Inc.,

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CHEM 7025 Agrochemicals 3(3−0)

Introduction, preparation, properties, uses and care in handling of pesticides, herbicides,

weedicides, biocides, insecticides and fungicides, Specific pesticides for specific vector of

diseases for various categories of crops (for Pakistani crops, fruits); Micronutrients and plant

regulators; Hazards associated with use of Agro-Chemicals (chlorinated, organophosphate,

carbamate, parathyroid) and environmental aspects; Various sources of hydrogen and

nitrogen, preparation of ammonia (Habers process) and its use as fertilizer; Raw materials,

preparation and uses of urea; Calcium Fertilizers (Calcium ammonium nitrate, Calcium

cyanamide, Calcium super phosphate and triple super phosphate); Preparation and uses of

Potash Fertilizers

Recommended Books

1. Waxman, M.F., 1998. Agrochemical & Pesticide Safety Handbook, CRC, Press, Lewis

Publishers, Washington, DC.

2. Knowles, D.A. 1998. Chemistry and Technology of Agrochemical Formulations, Kluwer

Academic Publishers, Dordrecht

3. Stenersen, J. 2004. Chemical Pesticides Mode of Action and Toxicology, CRC Press,

Washington, D.C.

4. Ohkawa, H., Miyagawa,H. and Lee, P.W. Pesticide Chemistry, Crop Protection, Public

Health, Environmental Safety, Wiley-VCH, Verlag, Germany

CHEM 7026 Chemistry of Dyes and Pigments 3(3−0)

Introduction to dyes, dye stuff intermediates their nomenclature and classification. Colour

and chemical constitution, Synthesis and applications of some important dyes such as azo,

diphenylmethane, triphenylmethane, xanthene, phthaleins, indigoid, antraquinoid and

phthalocyanine Chemistry of pigments, characterization of dyes and pigments, Fluorescent

Brightening Agent (FBA) and blueing agents, Non textile applications of dyes, Natural Dyes,

their extraction and application, advantages and disadvantages of natural dyes application

Recommended Books

1. Nietzki,B., 1988. Chemistry of the Organic Dyestuffs, Taylor and Francis, London.

2. Kim, S. H., 2006. Functional Dyes, Elsevier B.V. Ltd

3. Hunger, K., 2003. Industrial Dyes Chemistry, Properties, Applications, Wiley-VCH

Germany.

4. Buxbaum, G., and Pfaff, G., 2005. Industrial Inorganic Pigments 3rd Edition, Wiley-VCH

Germany.

5. Herbst, W., Hunger, K., 2004. Industrial Organic Pigments 3rd Edition, Wiley-VCH

Germany

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CHEM 7027 Industrial Polymers 3(3−0)

Introduction to polymer chemistry. Step-growth polymerization, free radical addition

polymerization, ionic polymerization; stereochemistry polymers; polymerization using

Ziegler-Ziegler-Niegler-Natta catalyst. Stereo-regulation and conformation of polymers.

Molecular weight determination. Structure property relation. Synthesis properties and

industrial utilization of different addition and condensation polymers, Reactions of synthetic

polymers; polymers degradation and stability with special emphasis on thermal and photo-

degradation, Introduction to polymer compounding and processing.

Recommended Books

1. Ciesielki A.,1999, An Introduction to Rubber Technology, Rapra Technology Limited,

Shropshire, UK

2. Herman, F.M. 2005. Encyclopedia of Polymer Sciences, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

3. Brydson, J.A., 1999. Plastics Materials, 7th Edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford.

4. Bhowmick, A. K and Stephens H. L, 2001, Handbook of Elastomers, Second Edition,

Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York.

CHEM 7028 Applied Atomic Spectroscopy 3(3-0)

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS); Principles, instrumentation and applications of

atomic absorption spectroscopy, modern heating sources, graphite furnace, interferences,

recent development, detailed qualitative and quantitative analysis and applications, Atomic

Emission Spectroscopy (AES); Various types of electrical discharge sources; DC arc, AC arc,

high voltage AC sparks, for emission spectroscopy, Inductively coupled plasma emission

spectrometry (ICPES)

Recommended Books

1. Skoog, D. A. and Leary, J.J. 1991. Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 4th eds. Saunders

College Publishing.

2. Khopkar, S.M. 2008. Basic Concepts of Analytical Chemistry, New Age International

Publishers, New Delhi, India.

3. Christian, G.D. 2003. Analytical Chemistry, 6th eds. John Wiley and Sons, New York

4. Kealey, D. and Haines, P.J. 2002. Analytical Chemistry, Bios Scientific Publishers

Limited, Oxford, UK.

5. Skoog, D.A., West, D.M. and Holler, F.J. 1997. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry,

Harcourt College Publishers

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CHEM 7029 Applied Mass Spectrometry 3(3-0)

The mass spectrometer, Introduction, principle and instrumentation, ion sources, mass

analyzers, ion detection and recording. Electron impact and chemical ionization, field

ionization, field desorption, fast atom bombardment, plasma desorption, electrospray mass

spectra and different mass analyzer modes of MS. Fragmentation pattern of common

functional groups. Structure elucidation using mass spectrometry in conjunction with other

spectroscopic techniques, applications of MS in applied fields.

Recommended Books

1. Skoog, D. A. and Leary, J.J. 1991. Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 4th eds. Saunders

College Publishing.

2. Christian, G.D. 2003. Analytical Chemistry, 6th eds. John Wiley and Sons, New York

3. Kealey, D. and Haines, P.J. 2002. Analytical Chemistry, Bios Scientific Publishers

Limited, Oxford, UK.

4. Skoog, D.A., West, D.M. and Holler, F.J. 1997. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry,

Harcourt College Publishers

5. Robert, M. Silverstein, G. Clayton Bassler and Terence, C. Morrill. 1981. Spectrometric

Identification of Organic Compounds. John Wiley and Sons. New York, USA.

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CHEM 7030 Chemistry of Supramolecules 3(3-0)

Supramolecular Chemistry: Basic concept, Forces assisting supramolecular organization,

Molecular recognition as the basis for supramolecular chemistry, Molecular interactions in

molecular recognition, Crown ethers and related hosts; Chemistry and Nomenclature of

dendrimers, Synthetic methods for dendritic molecules: Divergent synthesis, Convergent

synthesis, Recent synthetic methods, Solid phase synthesis, Coordination-chemical synthesis,

Supramolecular synthesis, Hyperbranched polymers, Dendronised linear polymers, Dendro-

Isomers, Achiral dendrimers synthesis, Chiral dendrimers synthesis,

Special properties and potential applications: Dendrimers as catalyst supports, Dendritic

polymers for printing inks, Dendritic polymers for paints, Dendritic polymers as additives in

foam formulation, Network precursors for plastics, Dendrimers as nanocapsules for dyes,

Dendrimers for displays and electronics, Liquid-crystalline dendrimers, Dendrimers in sensor

technology, Medical applications, Dendrimers in nanotechnology.

Recommended Books

1. Vogtle, F. and Richardt, G. and Werner, N. 2009. Dendrimer Chemistry Concepts,

Syntheses, Properties, Applications, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

2. Newkome, G. R., Moorefield, C.N. Vogtle, F. 1996. Dendritic Molecules, Concepts

Syntheses . Perspectives, VCH Publishers, Inc., New York, NY (USA).

3. F. Diederich et al., 2008. Molecular Supra molecular Chemistry, Wiley-VCH., Inc.,

4. Haidduc, F.T. Edolmal, 1994. Supramolecular Organo-metallic Chemistry, Wiley-VCH.

Inc.,

5. U.Boas, J. B. Cristensen, & P.N.H. Heegaard, 2006. Dendrimers in Medicine and

Biotechnology, Royal Chemical Society, USA.

6. C. Alberto, 2000. Supramolecular Polymers, Marcel Dekker, New York, Inc.

CHEM 7031 Phase Transfer Catalysis 3(3−0)

Definition and Scope, Principles and theory of phase-transfer catalysis, Advantages of phase-

transfer catalysis, quaternary ammonium compounds, phosphonium compounds, crown

ethers, phase-transfer catalyzed alkylation reactions, phase-transfer catalyzed preparation of

epoxy resins, polyesters, polycarbonates and polythiocarbonates, polyethers.

Recommended Books

1. Charles M. Starks, Charles Leonard Liotta, Marc Halpern. Phase-Transfer Catalysis:

Fundamentals, Applications, and Industrial Perspectives, Springer.

2. Richard Alan Jones, Quaternary Ammonium Salts: Their Use in Phase-transfer Catalysed

Reactions, Academic Press.

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CHEM 7032 Applied Nuclear Chemistry 3(3-0)

Fundamentals of nuclear chemistry, Branches of nuclear chemistry (Radiochemistry,

Radiation Chemistry), Difference in Photochemistry and Radiation Chemistry; Nuclear

techniques for irradiation. Kinetic studies of radiolysis. Dosimetry (physical and chemical).

Radiation chemical yields. Radiolysis studies of gaseous, water, aqueous and organic

systems. Radiation induced polymerization; Kinetics and radiolysis of macromolecules,

Effect of radiations in textile dyeing, Foof preservations by radiation, waste-water treatment

by radiations, Radiology. Radiochemistry and its application in medicine, Monitoring of

environmental radioactivity and management of nuclear waste.

Recommended Books

1. Spinks, J. W.T. and Wood, R. J., An Introduction to Radiation Chemistry 3rd edition,

John Wiley & Sons, INC New York, 1990.

2. Mourizat, M.S., Mostafvi, M., Douki, T. and Belloni, J., EDP sciences. 2008.

3. Icanov, V. S., Radiation Chemistry of Polymers, Konin Klijke Wohrmann. BV,

Netherland, 1992.

4. Wishart, J. F and Rao, B. S.M., Recent Trends in Radiation Chemistry, World

Scientific2010 Corporation, UK.

5. Makuuchi,K and Cheng, S., Radiation Processing of Polymer Materials and its Industrial

Application, John Wiley, New Jersey, USA, 2012.

6. Woods, R. J., and Pikaev, A. K., Applied Radiation Chemistry, John Wiley, New Jersey,

USA, 1994.

7. Hauser, P., Textile Dyeing, Intec Weel, Croatia, 2011.

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Inorganic Chemistry

CHEM 7041 Composite Materials 3(3-0)

Materials, composite materials and their classification, matrices and reinforcements for

composites. Reinforcements-matrix interface properties and processing of composites with

metallic, ceramic and polymeric composites. Mechanical, dynamic mechanical and thermal

properties of composite materials. Toughening mechanisms and mechanical failure in

polymeric composites. Spectroscopic and microscopic analysis.

Recommended Books

1. D. D. L. Chung, Composite Materials: Functional Material of Modern Technologies,

Springer-Verlag, London (2003).

2. F. L. Mathews and R. D. Rawlings, Composite Materials: Engineering and Science,

Chapman and Hall, London (1994).

3. T. L. Vigo and B. J. Kinzig, Composite Applications: The role of Matrix, Fiber and

Interface, VCH, New York (1992).

4. B. C. Hoskin and A. A. Baker, Composite Materials for Aircraft Structures, American

Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. New York (1986).

5. M. M. Schwartz, Composite Materials: Processing, Fabrication and Applications,

Prentice Hall, PTR, New Jersey (1997).

6. L. Nicolais and G. Carotenuto, Metal-Polymer Nano composites, Wiley Interscience

(2005).

7. T. S. Pinnavaia and G. W. Beall, Polymer-Clay Nano composites, John Wiley & Sons

(2000).

CHEM 7042 Inorganic Electronic Spectroscopy 3(3-0)

Term symbols, Russell Saunders, coupling scheme, development of correlation and

Tanabe-Sugano diagrams, crystal field diagrams. Energy level calculations; selection rules,

band intensities and band assignments. Interpretation of crystal field and charge transfer

spectra. Spectra of low symmetry complexes. Application of group theory to vibrational

spectra of simple and coordination compounds.

Recommended Books

1. B. P. Lever, Introduction to Electronic Spectroscopy, Elsevier, Amsterdam (1968).

2. J. P. Facler, Symmetry in Coordination Chemistry, Academic Press, New York (1971).

3. Alan and Vincent, Molecular Symmetry and Group Theory, John Wiley, London (1977).

4. F. A. Cotton, Chemical Applications of Group Theory, 3rd ed., John Wiley, New York

(1990).

5. J. Huheey, Inorganic Chemistry: Principles of Structure and Reactivity, 4th ed.,

Addison-Wesley, Reading/Singapore (1993).

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CHEM 7043 Kinetics and Mechanisms of Inorganic Reactions 3(3-0)

Principles of kinetics. Steady state approximation. Determination of rate law. Inert and labile

complexes. Substitution reactions of octahedral, square planer and tetrahedral complexes.

Oxidation-reduction reeactions of metal ions. Organo-transition metal compounds.

Free radical reactions.

Recommended Books

1. D. Benson, Mechanisms of Inorganic Reactions in Solution: An Introduction, McGraw-

Hill, London (1968).

2. F. Basolo and R. G. Pearson, Mechanisms of Inorganic Reactions: A Study of Metal

Complexes in Solutions, 2nd ed., John Wiley, New York (1967).

3. D. Katakis and G. Gordon, Mechanisms of Inorganic Reactions, Wiley-Interscience,

New York (1987).

4. S. R. Logan, Fundamentals of Chemical Kinetics, Longman, London (1996).

5. J. O. Edwards, Inorganic Reaction Mechanism: An Introduction, W. A. Benjamin,

New York (1965).

6. R. C. Henderson, The Mechanisms of Reactions of Transition Metals, 5th ed.,

Oxford University Press (1993).

CHEM 7044 Organo-transition Metal Chemistry 3(3-0)

Classification of organometallic compounds; transition metal to carbon sigma bonded

compounds, complexes with metal-carbon pi bonds such as ɳ2-ɳ7. Syntheis, properties and

nature of bonding in pi complexes. Complexes of molecular nitrogen, oxygen and carbon

disulphide. Fundamental processes in organometallics, fluxional and dynamic equilibrium

oxidative addition and reductive elimination, insertion and deinsertion, reactions of

coordinated ligands. Catalysis by organometallic (stoichiometric and catalytic processes)

compounds. Polymerization and oligomerization, synthesis with CO, hydrogenation of olefin

etc.

Recommended Books

1. A. Yamamoto, Organotransition Metal Chemistry: Fundamental Concepts and

Applications, John Wiley & Sons (1986).

2. M. L. H. Green, G. E. Coates and K. Wades, Organometallic Compounds, Methuen &

Co. Ltd., (1968).

3. M. Bochmann, Organometallic 1 and 2, Oxford Science Publications (1994).

4. F. A. Cotton, G. Wilkinson, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, 6th ed., John Wiley & Sons,

(1999).

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CHEM 7045 Bio-Inorganic Chemistry 3(3-0)

Introduction: Development and importance of bio-inorganic chemistry.

Metals and Complexes: Metals of biological importance. Function of metals in enzyme

catalysis. Metalloprotiens and enzymes containing a transition metal center at their active

site. Oxygen carriers; uptake and transport activation and utilization; synthetic dioxygen

carriers: nitrogen fixation; vitamin B6 and B12. Importance of non-metals in biological

systems. Metal ions and chelating agents in biological systems

Recommended Books

1. S. J. Lippard and J. M. Berg, Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Panima Publishing

Corporation, New Delhi (1997).

2. R. W. Hay, Bioinorganic Chemistry, Ellis Horwood, London (1984).

I. Bertim, H. B. Gray, S. J. Lippard and J. S. Valentine, Bioinorganic Chemistry,

Viva Book Private Ltd. New Delhi (1998).

3. B. K. Keppler, Metal Complexes in Cancer Chemotherapy, VCH, Weinheim (1993).

4. M. F. Gielen, Metal Based Anti-tumor Drugs, Freund Publishing House Ltd. London

(1988).

CHEM 7046 Advance Chemical Kinetics 3(3-0)

Basic kinetic concepts, analysis of kinetics results, energy of activation, theories of reaction

rates, elementary gas phase reactions, elementary reactions in solution, reactions on surfaces,

composite reactions, photochemical and radiation – chemical reactions, homogeneous

catalysis, isotopic effects, reaction dynamics, Application of kinetics in modern industries.

Recommended Books

1. John OM, Bockris, Amulya KN Reddy (2005). Modern Electrochemistry. 2nd Edition,

Rajkamal electric press, India.

2. Vikas P (2001). Text Book of Chemical Technology Vol. 1 & II. Publishing Co.

New Dehli

3. Streven & Brink (1998). Chemical Process Industries, McGraw Hill.

4. Singh A, Anmd (2003). Industrial Chemistry, Vol. I & II, Publishers. New Dehli.

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CHEM 7047 Metal Based Drugs 3(3-0)

Introduction, Strategic considerations, Radiodiagnostic, Biopharmaceutical properties of

drugs substances, Pharmacologic Activity, Drug Design, DRUG/Receptor Interactions,

Drugs Resistance and Metabolism, Lithium and Mental Health, Gold and Rheumatoid

Arthritis, Platinum ammine halides, Metallocenes and their halides: Ti, V, Fe, Gold and

other metal phosphines, other main group and transition-metal compounds, cis-platin,

carboplatin, platinum anti cancer drugs, technetium radiopharmaceuticals, gadolinium

MRI contrast agents, auranofin, Mechanism of action studies, Dose-Limiting problems:

toxicology,

Recommended Books

1. W. I. Sundquist and S. J. Lippard, Coord. Chem. Rev. 100 (1990), 293

2. H. Sigel, ed. Metal Ions in Biological Systems, Dekker, Vol. 14, 1982

3. D. A. Brown, Metal Ions Bioi. Syst. 14 (1982), 125.

4. A. D. Young and R. W. Nobel, Methods Enzymol. 76 (1981).792.

5. J. G. Wright et al., Prog. Inorg. Chem. 38 (1990), 323.

6. J. D. Helmann, L. M. Shewshuck, and C. T. Walsh, Adv. Inorg. Biochem. 8 (1990), 331.

CHEM 7048 Extractive Metallurgy 3(3-0)

Introduction; Pyrometallurgy, Hydrometallurgy, Biohydrometallurgy, Leaching of Au,

Ag, Pt, Pd, Rh, Ce, In, Cu, Zn, Fe from minerals; General Principle, Leaching from

oxides, leaching of sulfides, leaching of phosphate, leaching of silicates, Leaching of

Secondary resources; slags, smelter dusts, Ashes, electronic wastes, Treatment of leach

liquor; Crystallization, Adsorption, ionic precipitation, ionic flotation and precipitate

flotation, solvent extraction

Recommended Books

1. F. Habashi, Principles of Extractive Metallurgy (1998), Volume 4. Amalgam &

Electrometallurgy, Métallurgie Extractive Québec, Sainte-Foy, Québec City.

2. Greenwood, N. N.; & Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd Edn.),

Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4.

3. F. Habashi, Chalcopyrite; Its Chemistry and Metallurgy (1978), McGraw-Hill, ISBN

0-07-025-83-8.

4. F. Habashi, Principles of Extractive Metallurgy, Volume 1, Gordon & Breach Science

Publishers, ISBN 0-677-01-7707.

5. Biohydrometallurgical processes: a practical approach (2010), Luis, Gonzaga Santos

Sobral, Débora Monteiro de Oliveira e Carlos, Eduardo Gomes de Souza - Rio de

Janeiro: CETEM/MCT, ISBN 978-85-61121-85-3

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0750633654

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CHEM 7049 Nano Chemistry 3(3-0)

Nanotechnology, nanomaterials, mesoporous, microporous and macroporous materials.

Nanoscale, Nanometer, Nanoparticles, Nanotubes, Thin films, Nanocomposites,

Nanostructured bulk materials. Synthesis of nanoparticles and composites (Bottom Up

and Top Down Production). Synthesis by anodization, hydrothermal and deposition-

precipiation methods. Characterization of nanomaterials by X-ray Diffraction (XRD),

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and

Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and applications.

Recommended Books

1. G. B. Sergeev, “Nanochemistry” 1st Ed., Elsevier, The Netherlands (2006).

2. A. I. Kirkland, J. L. Hutchison “Nanocharacterisation” The Royal Society of Chemistry,

UK (2007).

3. R. E. Hester, R.M. Harrison,“Nanotechnology: Consequences for Human Health and the

Environment” The Royal Society of Chemistry, UK (2007).

4. H. Hosono, K. MacKenzie, Y. Mishima, H. Takezoe, “Nanomaterials” Elsevier Science

Ltd, Netherland (2006).

CHEM 7050 Applied Transition Metal Catalytic Chemistry 3(3-0)

Ziegler-Natta and Wacker catalyst, polymerization and Oligomerization of ethylene,

propylene, olefins, cyclic olefins and alkynes, Fischer-Tropsch process, Oxidation

reaction, synthesis of acrylates and related derivative.

Recommended Books

1. N. C. Norman, “Periodicity and the S &P block elements” 2nd Revised Ed., Oxford

University press, UK (1997).

2. A. Yamamoto, “Organotransition metal chemistry” John Wiley and Sons: New York,

USA (1986).

3. M. Bochmann, “Orgaometallics 2, complexes with transition metal carbon π-

bonds” Oxford Chemistry Primers, UK (1993).

4. G. L. Miessler, D. A. Tarr, “Inorganic chemistry” 2nd edition, Prentice Hall

International, USA (1998).

F. A Cary, “Organic Chemistry” 7th edition, The McGraw-Hill Company, USA (2008).

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CHEM 7051 Photochemical Reactions of Transition Metals 3(3-0)

Introduction, Basic Photochemical processes, Photosubstitution reactions, Photoredox

reactions, Reactivity of CTTM and CTTL excited states, Ligand photoreactions,

Scavenging of reaction intermediates, Photoreaction and solar energy conversion,

Photochemistry techniques.

Recommended Books

1. J. G. Calvert, J. N. Pitts, “Photochemistry” John Wiley, New York, USA (1966).

2. P. Suppan, “Principles of Photochemistry”, The Chemical Soc., UK (1973).

3. J. G. Calvert, J. N. Pitts, “Photochemistry” John Wiley, New York, USA (1966).

4. Wayne, P. Richard, “Photochemistry” 2nd Ed., Macmillan, UK (1988).

CHEM 7052 Solid State Chemistry 3(3-0)

Classification of bonds and crystals, The effect of radius ratio and charge on crystals,

Application of the isoceletronic principle, Ordered solids including interstitial

compounds, Alloys, Superclustures and Storage batteries, Amorphous solids (Glass and

Polymers)

Recommended Books

1. S. Prakash, G.D. Tuli, S.K. Basu, R. D. Madan, “Advanced Inorganic Chemistry”

Volume I, New Dehli (1997).

2. B. D. Cullity “Elements of X-ray diffraction” 2nd edition Addison-wasley publishing

company, California (1977).

3. E. P. Bertin, “Principles and Practice of X-ray Spectrometric Analysis”, Plenum Press,


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Organic Chemistry

CHEM 7061 Asymmetric synthesis and Named Reactions 3(3-0)

Asymmetric synthesis, Introduction, Chiral auxiliaries, Alkylation of chiral enolates,

Enantiomeric excess, Chiral reagents and chiral catalysts, Asymmetric hydrogenation,

Asymmetric epoxidation, Asymmetric dihydroxylation. Organic Name reactions, Horner-

Wadsworth Emmons reaction, Julia-Lythgoe olefination, Nef reaction, Suzuki coupling,

Heck reaction. Mitsunobu reaction, Pauson-Khand reaction, Sharpless epoxidation,

Oppenauer oxidation, Simmons Smith reaction.

Recommended Books

1. Asymmetric synthesis by Robert Alan Aitken, S. Nicholas Kilényi, Blackie,

Academic Professional, (Chapman & Hall), 1994.

2. Principles of Asymmetric Synthesis, R. E. Gawley and J. Aub, Elsevier, 1996.

3. Name reactions: a collection of detailed reaction mechanisms. 3rd

Ed. By Jie Jack Li,

Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, 2006.

4. Name Reactions and Reagents in Organic Synthesis, 2nd Ed. Bradford P. Mundy,

Michael G. Ellerd, Frank G. Favaloro, Jr., Wiley, 2005.

5. Organic Syntheses Based on Name Reactions (2nd Ed.) by A. Hassner, C. Stumer,

Elsevier, 2002.

6. Organic Chemistry by Jonathan Clayden, Nick Geeves, Stuart Warren, Oxford

University Press 2000.

http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-302479.html?query=Bradford+P.+Mundy

http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-302479.html?query=Bradford+P.+Mundy

http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-302479.html?query=Michael+G.+Ellerd

http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Section/id-302479.html?query=Michael+G.+Ellerd

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CHEM 7062 Advance Heterocyclic Chemistry and Retro Analysis 3(3-0)

Advance Heterocyclic Chemistry, Introduction of polynuclear heterocycles, synthesis,

Chemical reactions of Quinoline, Isoquinoline, Flavonoids, Indole, Chromones, Acridine.

Industrial applications. Designing Organic Synthesis, Retro synthesis, Introduction to

Disconnections (Basic Principles, Synthons and reagents, synthesis of aromatic Compounds),

One-group Carbon-Carbon disconnections (Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds), Two-group

disconnections (Carbon-Halogen), Two group carbon-carbon disconnections (1,2, 1,3, 1,4,

1,5, 1,6 difunctionalised compounds), Functional group interconversion. Strategies for

synthesis.

Recommended Books

1. Work book for Organic Synthesis, The disconnection approach, Stuart Warren, John

Willey and Sons, 1994.

2. Organic Synthesis, The disconnection approach, Stuart Warren, 1993, John Willey and

Sons 1993.

3. Designing Organic Synthesis, A Programmed Introduction to synthon approach, S.

Warren, John Willey and Son, 1992.

4. Guide book to Organic Syntheses, R. K. Mackie, D. M. Smith, 1982, Longman Group

Limited.

5. Organic Chemistry, Volume I (6th

Ed.) & II (5th

Ed.) by I.L. Finar, Pearson Education

(singapore) 2008.

6. Heterocyclic Chemistry, 4th

Ed. by J. A. Joule, K. Mills, Blackwell Publishing, 2000.

7. Heterocyclic Chemistry, 3rd Ed. by T.L. Gilchrist, Longman, 1997.

8. Principles in Organic Synthesis by R.O.C Norman & J. M. Coxon,1993, Chapman and

Hall, 1993.

9. Organic Chemistry by Jonathan Clayden, Nick Geeves, Stuart Warren, Oxford University

Press 2000.

CHEM 7063 Advance Spectroscopic Techniques 3(3-0)

Spectroscopic Techniques, Recent techniques as applied to the structure elucidation of

organic compounds, NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) 1H, 13C-NMR, UV-Visible, IR

and Mass Spectroscopy

Recommended Books

1. Spectroscopic Methods in Organic Chemistry 6th ed. by D. Williams and I.

Fleming.Wiley-VCH, 1991

2. Spectrometric identification of Organic Compounds 6th ed. by R. M. Silverstein and F.X.

Webster, Wiley, 2007.

3. Organic Spectroscopy and Chromatography by M Younas, ILMI, Pakistan, 2007.

4. Spectroscopy by Pavia, Lampman, Kriz, 2nd ed., Harcourt Brace College Publishers,

1996.

http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=tp6qmaJrMHcC&dq=heterocyclic+chemistry+books&printsec=frontcover&source=bn&hl=en&ei=3BttS8Y6gdzsA_-z4PwF&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CBoQ6AEwBA

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_1?_encoding=UTF8&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books&field-author=Thomas.%20L.%20Gilchrist

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CHEM 7064 Biosynthesis of Natural Products 3(3-0)

Natural products, Introduction, Biosynthesis of Terpenes, Steroids, Alkaloids, and Fatty

Acids.

Recommended Books

1. Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Paolo Manito, John Wiley & Sons, 1980.

2. Chemistry of natural Products, S.V. Bhat, B. A. Nagasampagi, M. Sivakumar,

Springer, Narosa Publishing House. 2006.

3. Organic Chemistry, Volume II by I.L. Finar; 5th

ed. Longman scientific, 1975.


Press 2000.

CHEM 7065 Organometallics and Color Chemistry 3(3-0)

Chemistry of Sulphur Phosphorus, and silicon Compounds, Introduction, preparation and

properties of sulfur, phosphorus and silicon containing compounds. Application in organic

synthesis. Industrial and pharmaceutical applications. Colour and Constitution, Dye –

Chemistry: Synthesis and applications of azo, anthraquinones, phthalocyanines, vat, and nitro

dyes, High technology applications.

Recommended Books

1. Principles in Organic Synthesis by R.O.C Norman & J. M. Coxon, Chapman and Hall,

1993.


Press, 2000.

3. Color Chemistry by H. Zollinger, VCH, 1987

4. Industrial Dyes by Klaus Hunger, Wiley VCH, 2003.

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CHEM 7066 Polymers and Alpha Carbon Chemistry 3(3-0)

Synthetic and Natural Polymers, Introduction to polymerization, Chain growth polymers

(Addition Polymers), Ziegler Natta Catalyst Polymerization, Step growth Polymers

(Condensation Polymers), Polymer structure and properties, Green polymer synthesis, natural

and synthetic rubbers. Biodegradable polymers and plastics. Polymer recycling and disposal.

Alpha Carbon Chemistry (Enols & Enolates), Introduction to enols and enolates, enolates of

unsymmetrical carbonyl compounds. Racemization at the alpha carbon and reaction at alpha

carbon. Halogenation at the alpha carbon, direct enolate alkylation, malonic ester synthesis,

acetoacetic ester synthesis. Conjugate addition reactions (Michael reaction, Robinson

Annulation reactions, The Stork Enamine Synthesis)

Recommended Books


Press 2000

2. Carraher Jr, C. E., Carraher‟s, Polymer Chemistry, 8th ed., CRC Press, (2010).

3. Ravve, A., Principles of Polymer Chemistry, 3rd ed., Springer, (2012).

4. Organic Chemistry by Smith Janice G. 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill Companies (2011).

5. Organic Chemistry by T.W. Graham Solomons 11th Edition, Wiley (2014).

CHEM 7067 Recent Advances in Organic Chemistry 3(3-0)

Latest advances in following areas (but not limited to) of Organic Chemistry will be studied:

Phase transfer catalysts; Protecting groups, Synthesis on supported reagents; Bio-organic

chemistry; Emulsifiers; Ultrasound and microwave assisted reactions in Organic chemistry;

Analytical review of latest books and research papers/review articles.

Recommended Books

1. Bansal, R.K. 1996. Synthetic Approaches in Organic Chemistry. Narosa Publishing

House, New Delhi, India.

2. Cledon, J., N .Greeves, S. Warren, and P.Wothers. 2012. Organic Chemistry. 2nd Ed.

Oxford University Press, Cambridse, UK.

3. Mackie R.M. and D.M. Smith. 1999. Guide Book to Organic Synthesis. 3rd Ed. English

Language Book Society/Longman, London, UK.

4. Singh, S.M. 2005. Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions and Mechanisms. Pearson,

Education (Singapore) pre. Ltd. Indian Branch Delhi, India.

5. Smith, M.B. 2011. Organic Synthesis. 3rd Ed. McGraw Hill, International, London, UK.

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CHEM 7068 Advanced Heterocycles II 3(3-0)

Five membered heterocycles: Nomenuclature, Physical properties, Synthesis, Chemical

reactions and medicinal importance of Pyrrole, Thiophene, Furan, Indole,

Benzo[b]Thiophene, Benzo[b]furan, Isoindole, Benzo[c]Thiophene, Isobenzofuran, 1,3-

azoles, (Imidazole, Thiazole, Oxazole), 1,2-azoles (pyrazole, Isothiazole & Isoxazole) and

their Derivatives. Six membered heterocycles: Nomenuclature, Physical properties,

Synthesis, Chemical reactions and medicinal importance of Pyridine, Quinoline,

Isoquinoline, Pyryliums, 2- and 4-Pyrones, Benzopyryliums, Benzopyrans, Diazines

(Pyridazine, Pyrimidine & Pyrazine) and their derivatives

Recommended Books

1. J. Clayden, N. Greeves, S. Warren, “Organic Chemistry”, 2nd Ed., Oxford University

Press Inc., New York (2012).

2. J. S. Clark “Heterocyclic Chemistry”, by J. Stephen Clark.

3. J. A. Joule, K. Mills, G. F. Smith, “Heterocyclic Chemistry”, 3rd Ed., Chapman & Hall,

UK (1995).

4. T. L. Gilchrist, “Heterocyclic Chemistry”, 3rd Ed., Oxford Primer Series, (1997)

5. A. R. Katritzky, “Handbook of Heterocyclic Chemistry”, Pergamon press, New York

(1985).

CHEM 7069 Pericyclic Reactions 3(3-0)

Introduction, classification and nomenclature of pericyclic reactions; Theories of concerted

reactions; Molecular orbitals, frontier orbitals, aromatic transition state, correlation diagrams

and Woodward, Hoffmann rules; Cycloadditions; Diels-Alder and retro-Diels-Alder

reactions; 1,3-dipolar and retero-1,3-dipolar, photochemical, intramolecular and other

cycloadditions; Electrocyclic reactions, group transfer reactions and sigmatropic

rearrangements; Mechanisms, stereochemistry and synthetic applications of these reactions.

Recommended Books

1. Ansari, F.L., R. Qureshi and M.L. Qureshi. Electrocyclic Reactions. 1999. Wiley VCH.

Publications, New York, USA.

2. Fleming, I. 2015. Pericyclic Reactions. 2nd Ed. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.

3. Fox, M.A. and J.K. Whitesell. 2005. Organic Chemistry. 3rd Ed. Jones and Bartlett

Publishers, London, UK.

4. Lowry, T. H. and K.S. Richardson. 1987. Mechanism and Theory in Organic Chemistry.

3rd Ed. Harper and Row Publishers, Inc., New York, USA.

5. Solomon, T.W.G. 2014. Organic Chemistry. 11th Ed. John Wiley and Son’s .Inc.

New York, USA.

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CHEM 7070 Symmetry Controlled Reactions 3(3-0)

Huckel moleculars orbital-and perturbation orbital theories; Frontier orbitals (HOMO-

LUMO) concept; orbital symmetry; alternate and non-alternate hydrocarbons, Huckel and

Mobious systems, Classes of peicyclic reations: electrocyclic, cycloaddition, sigmatropic

and chelotropic reactions and their interpretation through (a) orbital symmetry

conservation (b) frontier orbital treatment and (c) Huckel-Mobious approach Applications

to organic synthesis.

Recommended Books

1. E. A. Halevi “Orbital Symmetry and Reaction Mechanism”, 1st Ed., Springer Verlag,

Germany (1992).

2. G. M. Loudon, “Organic Chemistry”, 3 Ed. Addison Wesley London Company, UK

(1995).

3. P. Sykes, “A Guide Book in Modern Organic Chemistry”, 6th Ed., Longman, London, UK

(1986).

4. H. O. House, “Modern Synthetic Reactions”, 2nd Ed., Benjamin, California, USA (1972).

CHEM 7071 Chemistry of Glycosides 3(3-0)

Glycosides of flavonoids, coumarins and saponinsIsolatins, detection and

chromatographic separation; acid, alkaline and enzymatic hydrolysis to aglycones;

identification of sugar residue. Spectroscopic determination of aglycone and glycoside

structures. Derivatization, structural elucidation and biological importance of glycosides.

Recommended Books

1. B. A. A. Borm, “Introduction to Flavonoids”, Harwood Academic publishers, Canada

(1998).

2. J. B. Harborn, “The Flavonodids-Advance in Research” Chapman & Hall. London, UK

(1994).

3. K. Nakanishi, “Natural Products Chemistry”, Vol. I., Academic press, New York, USA

(1974).

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CHEM 7072 Physio-Organic Chemistry and Reaction Mechanism 3(3-0)

Chemical reactions and energy changed; qualitative aspects of collision. Transition state

theories, rates and equilibria; tracer techniques, trapping of intermediates. Interpretation

of kinetic data. Correlation of structure with reactivity,; Linear free energy relationship,

stereochemical and spectroscopic evidences. Study of reaction mechanism of some recent

reactions.

Recommended Books

1. S. H. Pine, “Organic Chemistry”, 5th Ed., McGraw Hill, New York, USA (1987).

2. G. M. Loudon, “Organic Chemistry”, 2nd Ed., Addison Wesley, London, UK (1998).

3. J. Clayden, N. Greeve, S. Warren, P. Wothers, “Organic Chemistry”, Oxford University

Press, Oxford, UK (2001).

4. P. Sykes, “A Guide Book in Modern Organic Chemistry”, 6th Ed., Longman, London,UK

(1986).

5. H. O. House “Modern Synthetic Reactions”, Benjamin, California, USA (1972).

6. K. I. Rinehart, “General Oxidation Reaction of Orgainc Compounds”, Prentice Hall, New

Jersey, USA (1973).

CHEM 7073 Advanced Stereochemistry 3(3-0)

Prostereoisomerism, Concept of Re and Si face, Homotopic, Enantiotopic and Diastereotopic

ligands and faces, Stereoselectivity and Stereospecificity, Configuration and conformation of

cyclic molecules, Stereochemistry and conformational analysis of cyclohexane system, six-

membered sp2-hybridized cyclic systems and six membered saturated heterocycles.

Stereochemistry and conformational effects in small, common and medium rings. Bicyclic

and polycylic fused rings systems. Bridged rings and stereochemical restrictions.

Chiroptical properties,Optical Rotatory Dispersion and Circular Dichroism.

Recommended Books

1. K. Mislow “Stereochemistry”, 2nd Ed., W. A. Benjamin Inc., New York, USA

(1965).

2. E. L. Eleil, S.H. Wilen, L.N. Mander, “Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds”,

4th Ed, John Wiley & Sons, USA (1994).

3. E. L. Eliel, S. H. Wilen, M. P. Doyle “Basic Organic Stereochemistry”, John

Wiley & Sons, USA (2001).

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CHEM 7074 Modern Trends in Organic Synthesis 3(3-0)

Introduction to retero synthesis and disconnection approach, synthesis of aromatic

compounds. One and two group C-X disconnections. Donor and acceptor synthesis and

concepts of Umpulung. C-C disconnections and disfunctionalized compounds compounds.

Devising synthetic schemes for unknown molecules and some natural products.

Recommended Books

1. R. O. C. Norman “Principles of Organic Synthesis”, 3 Ed, Blackie Academic &

Professional, Glasgow, UK (1993).

2. G. M. Loudon, “Organic Chemistry”, 3 Ed. Addison Wesley, London

Company, UK (1995).

3. S. H. Pine, “Organic Chemistry”, 5th Ed., McGraw Hill, New York, USA

(1987).

4. G. M. Loudon, “Organic Chemistry”, 2nd Ed., Addison Wesley, London, UK

(1998).

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Physical Chemistry

CHEM 7081 Radiation Chemistry 3(3-0)

Constitution of nucleus: Nuclear Characteristics, Types of radiations, Physical properties of

radiations, Nuclear stability, Nuclides chart, Decay schemes, Kinetics of radioactive decay.

Measurement of radioactivity: Detectors used for the measurement of Activity, Geiger Muller

Counter, Scintillation counter. Development of Radiation Chemistry. radiation sources.

Interaction of radiation with matter: Energy loss by gamma rays, energy loss by electrons,

energy loss of other charged particles,. Ions and electrons: Excited states. Radiolysis of gas,

liquid and gas. Production and decay of excited state. Application of Radiation Chemistry:

Application of radiation chemistry in sterilization, polymerization, nitrogen fixation, food

preservation, analytical methods, medicines.

Recommended Books

1. Hughes G. “Radiation Chemistry” Oxford Series, UK (1973).

2. Spinks J.W.T. and Woods R.J. “An introduction to Radiation Chemistry” Wiley

Inter Sci. Pub, USA (1976).

3. Aziz F. and Rodgers M.A.J., “Radiation Chemistry Principles and Application”

Ed., VCH Publishers, Inc. (1987)

4. Friedlander G. and Kennedy J.W. “Nuclear and Radiochemistry” 3rd ed.,

Wiley, New York (1981).

5. Naqvi, I. I., “Radiochemistry”, University Grants Commission,1990. vi-

Harvey, B.G. “Nuclear Physics and Chemistry”, Prentice-Hall Inc., 1990.

CHEM 7082 Photochemistry 3(3-0)

Principle of photochemistry. laws of photochemistry, Sources of radiation, primary and

secondary photochemical processes, photoluminescence, chemiluminescence,

Bioluminescence quantum yields, experimental techniques, Kinetics of photochemical

reactions, photolytic studies of aqueous and non-aqueous systems, effects of radiation on

solids. mechanism, energetics of photochemical reactions.

Recommended Books

1. D. Neckers, G.N.V.B, Nau, “Advances in Photochemistry” Volume 27, John Wiley &

Sons, New York, USA (2002).

2. P. Suppan, “Chemistry and Light” The Royal Society of Chemistry, London, UK (1994).

3. R. P. Wayne, “Principles and Applications of Photochemistry, Oxford University Press,

UK (1998).

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CHEM 7083 Molecular Spectroscopy 3(3-0)

Microwave, infrared and raman spectroscopy, electronic spectra of diatomic and simple

polyatomic molecules, molecular symmetry, and applications in chemistry, applications of

spectroscopy in structural chemistry.

Recommended Books

1. Banwell CN, (1983).Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy, Tata McGraw Hill.

2. Barrow GM, (1962). Introduction to Molecular Spectroscopy. McGraw Hill NY

3. Graybal JD, (1988). Molecular Spectroscopy. New York McGraw Hill.

4. Pople CP, (1967). Electron Spin Resonance. New York John Wiley.

5. Ayscough PB, (1967). Electron Spin Resonance in Chemistry, Methuan and Co. London.

CHEM 7084 Colloids and Surfactants 3(3-0)

Liquid interfaces, surface tension and adsorption from solution, insoluble surface monolayer

(Langmuir-Blodgett films). Surfactant, detergency, organized molecular assemblies

(micelles, vescicles and membranes). Micro and macroemulsions. Colloidal dispersions,

coagulation and flocculation. Optical properties of colloids.

Recommended Books

1. M. J. Rosen, “Surfactants and Interfacial Phenomena” Marcel Dekker Inc., New

York, USA (1989).

2. P. C. Hiemenz, R. Gopalan, “Principles of Colloid and Surface Chemistry” 3rd

Edition, Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, USA, (1997).

3. D. F. Evans, “The Colloidal Domain”, VCH, Weinheim, Germany (1994).

CHEM 7085 Recent Advances and Applications in Computational Chemistry 3(3-0)

Essential concepts, semiempirical and Ab-initio methods. Reactivity. Configuration

interaction method. Potential energy surfaces. Quantitative structura-activity relationship

(QSAR). Molecular mechanics. Energy minimization force field parameterization and

conformational analysis. Computer programming and three dimensional graphics using

standard packages.

Recommended Books

1. C. J. Crammer, “Essentials of Computational Chemistry” John Wiley and sons, New

York, USA (2002).

2. F. Jenson, “Introduction to Computational Chemistry” Wiley, USA (2000). \

3. K. B. Lipkowitz, D. B. Boyd, “Reviews in Computational Chemistry ”, VCH, New

York, USA (1991).

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CHEM 7086 Solution Chemistry 3(3-0)

Physicochemical characteristics of solvents. Solute-solvent interaction, salvation of ions,

preferential salvation. Thermodynamic properties of solute in solvents and mixed solvents.

Transport properties of solutions, concept of association constant of ions in solution. Study of

solute-solvent-solute interactions by spectroscopic techniques.

Recommended Books

1. R. A. Alberty, J. S. Robert, G. B. Moungi, “Physical Chemistry”. 4 th Ed, John Wiley and

Sons, New York, USA (2004).

2. D. W. Ball, “Physical Chemistry” 1 st Ed., Brooks/Cole Co. USA (2003).

3. Smith, E. Brian, “Basic Chemical Thermodynamics” 5 th Ed, Imperial College Press, UK

(2004).

4. B. R. Stephen, S. A. Rice, J. Ross, “Physical Chemistry” 2 nd Ed, Oxford University

Press, UK (2000).

5. W. Jurg, “Basic Chemical Thermodynamics” 4 th Ed., W. A. Benjamin (1969).

6. 6. R. G. Mortimer. “Physical Chemistry” 3rd Ed, Elsevier Academic Press, UK (2008)

CHEM 7087 Physical Chemistry of Biomolecules 3(3-0)

Introduction and principles of biophysical chemistry, stability of native states. Methods

for determining size, shape and molar mass of macromolecules. Thermodynamics of

proteins, bioenergetic reactions, macromolecular solubility, understanding biological

systems using physical chemistry, signal transduction, membrane potentials, transporters,

and channels. Molecular imaging, kinetics of enzyme catalysis, inhibition and activation.

Bioluminescence.

Recommended Books

1. Templer R.H, Leatherbarrow R.J, 2003. Biophysical Chemistry: Membranes and

Proteins. Royal Society of Chemistry, UK.

2. Oshima, H.2010. Biophysical Chemistry of Biointeerfacesw, John Wiley and Sons,

New York USA.

3. James, P. Allen, 2008. Biophysical Chemistry, Wiley Blackwell Publishers, New

York, USA.

4. Bruce, M.R.2001. Introducation to Biophysical Chemistry. McGraw-HillCompany,

New York, USA

5. Chang, R.1991. Physical Chemistry with applications to Biological Systems.

Macmillan Publishing Co, Inc. New York, USA.

6. Marshal, A.G. 1998. Biophysical Chemistry. John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA.

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CHEM 7088 Heterogeneous Catalysis 3(3-0)

Introduction to catalysis, Classification of catalytic systems, classification of solid

catalysts, adsorption of molecules at the solid surfaces, adsorption isotherms, surface area

and porosity, adsorbed states of molecules on metal surfaces, potential energy curves for

adsorption, descriptive chemistry of chemisorptions on metals, quantitative aspect of

chemisorptions on metals, sorption on oxide surfaces, the band theory of solids,

adsorption on insulator oxides, kinetics of heterogeneous reactions, mass transport

limitation of catalyzed reactions. Catalysis in energy conversion and in the production of

hydrocarbon feed stock, Oxidation catalysis: The Petrochemical Industry, Catalysis in the

inorganic chemical industry, Catalysis in Atmospheric Pollution Control

Recommended Books

1. Bowker, M. “Basics and Application of Heterogeneous Catalysis” Oxford, 1998.

2. Gates, B.C. Catalytic Chemistry, John Wiley, 1992.

3. Bond, G.C. Heterogeneous Catalysis: Principals and applications, Oxford, 1987.

4. Boudart, M. and Mariadassou, G.D. “Kinetics of Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions”

Princeton, 1984.

CHEM 7089 Modern Aspects of Chemical Kinetics 3(3-0)

Chemical Kinetics, Development and modern use of chemical kinetics. Potential energy

surfaces, statistical and quantum mechanical approaches for the study of unimolecular

decomposition rate. Transition state theory and microscopic reversibility. Applications of

transition state theory. Effect of temperature, Pressure, volume, Solvent and salt on rate of a

reaction and determination of their respective kinetic expression. kinetic isotopic effects.

Composite rate constants, isokinetic relationship. Catalysis and application of kinetics study

for the production of enzymes. Kinetics of photochemical reactions. Kinetics of very fast

reactions. Application of kinetics in modern industries. Kinetics study of drug (in-vivo and

in-vitro). Importance of kinetics for military applications

Recommended Books

1. R. Alberty, “Physical Chemistry” 17th Ed, John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA (1987).

2. P. W. Atkins, “Physical Chemistry” 6th Ed, W. H. Freeman and co. New York, USA

(1998).

3. K. J. Laidler, “The World of Physical Chemistry” 1st Ed., Oxford University Press, UK

(1993).

4. K. J. Laidler, H. M. John, C. S. Bryan, “Physical Chemistry” 4th Ed., Houghton Mifflin

Publishing Company Inc., USA (2003)

5. M. G. Barrow, “Physical Chemistry” 5th Ed., Mc Graw Hill, USA (1992).

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CHEM 7090 Environmental Chemistry and Energy Conversions 3(3-0)

Environmental Chemistry: global perspective, Earth atmosphere, study of reactions in

regions of atmosphere. Chemistry of ozone formation and decomposition, ozone

depletion. Air pollution, acidifying agents in rain, adverse effects and prevention.

Chemistry of urban atmosphere. Indoor air pollution. Water pollution and chemistry of

wastewater treatment methods (Physical, chemical and biological). Solid waste and

Nuclear waste management. Nomenclature & Chemistry of CFC’s. Experimental

techniques for environmental monitoring. Renewable energy resources with reference to

green fuels. HAARP technology.

Recommended Books

1. G. W. Vanloon, S. J. Duffy, “Environmental Chemistry”, A Global perspective, Oxford

University press INC., UK (2000).

2. S. E. Manahan, “Environmental Science and Technology” Lewis Publishers, New York,

USA (1997).

3. J. W. Moore, E. A. Moore, “Environmental Chemistry”, Academic Press Inc., New York,

USA (1990).

4. A. D. Kumar, “Environmental Chemistry”, 2nd Ed, Wiley Eastern Ltd. India (1993)

CHEM 7091 Magnetic Spin Dynamics 3(3-0)

Revision of basic magnetic spin dynamics (Classical, quantum and spin angular momentum,

nuclear spin and nuclear Zeeman splitting, quadruple nuclei with integer and half integer

spin, magnetism, macroscopic and microscopic magnetism, simple pulse sequence, in

homogeneous broadening, chemical shift, heteronuclear decoupling). The NMR

spectrometer(the magnet, transmitter section, the duplexer, the probe, the receiver section,

overview of radiofrequency section, Pulse gradient section), Fourier transform NMR

(heteronuclear experiments, Arrayed experiments, two dimensional spectroscopy, three

dimensional spectroscopy), mathematical techniques, Quantum mechanics (functions,

operators, eigen functions, eigen values, eigen vectors, diagonalization, exponential

operators)

Recommended Books

1. M. H. Levitt. "Spin Dynamics, Basics of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance" John Wiley

and Sons, New York, USA (2008).

2. N. E. Jacobsen. "NMR spectroscopy explained" John Wiley and Sons. New York,

USA (2007).

3. R. S. Macomber. "A complete introduction to modern NMR Spectroscopy" John

Wiley and Sons, New York, USA (1998).

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CHEM 7092 Electrode Processes 3(3-0)

Theories of electron transfer reactions, electron transfer process, electroanalytical techniques,

and methods for studying homogeneous and heterogeneous electron transfer reactions.

Semiconductor electrochemistry. Industrial electrochemistry. Eletro-chemical energy

conversion systems.

Recommended Books

1. J. Albert, “Electrode Kinetics” Clarendon, Oxford, UK (1975).

2. A. Bard, L. R. Faukner, “Electrochemical Methods, Fundamentals and Application” 2nd

Ed., John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA (2001).

3. M. Mohammad, M. Amjad, “Principles of Electrode Kinetics” Rooha Printers, Lahore,

Pakistan (2001).

CHEM 7093 Complex Extension of Quantum Chemistry 3(3-0)

Revision of basic quantum (Historic background, Uncertainty principle, Time

dependent/Time-independent Schrödinger equation, Probability, complex number, Particle in

one dimensional box, Tunneling, Operators) Particle in three dimensional box, Requirements

of an acceptable wave function, The Harmonic oscillator (one-dimensional harmonic

oscillator, Vibration of molecules, Numerical solution of one-dimensional Schrödinger

equation), Angular momentum, The Hydrogen atom , Theorems of quantum mechanics

(Hermitian operator, Parity, Matrices), The Variation Method (Variation theorem,

Determinants, Linear variation methods), Perturbation Theory (Non-degenerate perturbation

theory, Perturbation treatment of the Helium atom ground state, perturbation theory for a

degenerate energy level).

Recommended Books

1. N. Levine. “Quantum Chemistry, fifth edition” Prentice-Hall, Inc. Upper Saddle

River, New Jersey, USA (1991).

2. J. P. Lowe, K. A. Peterson. "Quantum Chemistry” 3rd Ed, Elsevier Academic Press,

Netherland (2006).

3. P. A. Cox, "Introduction to Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure", Oxford

University Press, UK (2002).

4. P. W. Atkins. "Molecular Quantum Mechanics" Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, England

(1983).

5. M. Muller. "Fundamentals of Quantum Chemistry", Kluwer Academic Publishers,

Boston, USA (2001).

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CHEM 7094 Recent Advances in Physical Chemistry 3(3-0)

Latest advances in physical chemistry in: Solution chemistry; Energy materials; Green and

sustainable chemistry; Lasers chemistry; Femto techniques in chemistry; Advanced materials

for waste water treatment; Supramolecular chemistry; Modern software used in chemistry.

Analytical review of latest books and research papers/review articles.

Recommended Books

1. Atkins, P. and J. de Paula. 2011. Elements of Physical Chemistry. 7th Ed. W.H. Freeman

and Company, New York, USA.

2. Helmet H.T, A. G. Urena and R. J. Donovan. 2007. Laser Chemistry: Spectroscopy,

Dynamics and Application. John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA.

3. Marcus, Y. 1999. The Properties of Solvents. John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA.

4. Mihkel Koel, 2009, Ionic Liquids in Chemical Analysis. CRC Press Taylor & Francis,

New York, USA.

5. Monique, M. Martin, James T. Hynes, 2004, Femtochemistry and Femtobiology Ultrafast

Events in Molecular Science, Elsevier Ltd. London, UK.

6. Rolando, M.A., and M. Roque-Malherbe. 2009. The Physical Chemistry of Materials:

Energy and Environmental Applications. CRC Press Taylor & Francis, New York, USA.

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CHEM 7095 Physical Chemistry of Polymers and Composites 3(3-0)

Polymers: Current scenario of polymers; Molecular forces and chemical bonding in

polymers; Configuration and conformation of polymer chains;Theories of polymeric

solutions; Phase separation and fractionation; Molecular size measurements; Spectroscopic

analysis; Thermal analysis; Morphology and order in crystalline polymers; Electrical and

magnetic properties of polymers; Industrial applications of polymers; Composite materials:

Classification; Property enhancement by reinforcement and orientation; Synthetic fibres;

Properties and processing of composites with metallic, ceramic and polymeric matrices;

Carbon based composite materials; Interface reactions; Mechanical and thermal properties of

composite materials;Dynamical mechanical properties; Toughening mechanisms and

mechanical failure in polymeric composites.

Recommended Books

1. Billmeyer, F.W. Jr. 2005. Textbook of Polymer Science, John Wiley and Sons, New

York, USA.

2. Carlsson, L.A., D.F. AdamsandR.B. Pipes. 2014. Experimental Characterization of

Advanced Composite Materials. CRC Press, London, UK.

3. Joel, R.F. 2014. Polymer Science and Technology. 3rd Ed Prentice Hall Publishers, New

York, USA.

4. Kurt, E.G. 2003. Advanced Macromolecular, Supramolecular Materials and Processes.

Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, USA.

5. Nicolais, L., M. Meo and E. Milella. 2011.Composite Materials: A Vision for the Future.

Springer-Verlag, London, UK.

6. Ravue. 2000. Principles of Polymer Chemistry. 2ndEd. Plenum Publishers, New York,

USA.

7. Richards, R.W. and S.K. Peace. 1999. Polymer Surfaces and Interfaces, John Wiley and

Sons, New York, USA.

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CHEM 7096 Biophysical Chemistry 3(3-0)

Introduction and importance; Ionic and acid base equilibria in biological systems;

Bioenergetics; Oxidation/reduction reactions; Nerst equation; Gibbs energy of formation and

activity;Free energy and chemical equilibrium, Temperature dependence of equilibrium

constant; Chemical potential, Activity coefficient of ions, Thermodynamics of metabolism;

Biological Redox reactions; Osmotic pressure and Donan’s equilibrium; Macromolecular

solubility; Binding of small molecules to macromolecules; Lipids in biological membranes;

Membrane potentials, transporters, and channels; Chemical bonds and proteins

interactions;Peptide bonds; Steric, electroststic and hydrophobic effects; Folding and

unfolding of proteins; Transition state theory; Stability of proteins; Denaturation of proteins

and sedimentation; Biopolymers and macromolecules; Determination of structure and molar

mass of macromolecules/biomolecules. Kinetics and enzymes: Dynamics in enzyme

mechanism;Enzyme activity and inhibition.

Recommended Books

1. Allen, J.P. 2008. Biophysical Chemistry.John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA.

2. Bruce, M.R.2001.Introduction to Biophysical Chemistry.McGraw-Hill Company, New

York, USA.

3. Chang, R.2005.Physical Chemistry with Applications to Biological Systems. MacMillan

Publishing Co. Inc. New York, USA

4. Cotterill, R. 2002.Biophysics: An Introduction. Wiley Publishers, New York, USA.

5. Tinoco, I..J. K. Sauer, J.C. Wang and J. D. Puglisi. 2009. Physical Chemistry: Principles

and Applications in Biological Sciences. Pearson Education, New Delhi, India

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CHEM 7097 Advanced Reaction Dynamics 3(3-0)

Potential energy surfaces; Features of potential energy surfaces; Molecular beam

techniques;Stripping and rebound mechanism; Potential energy surface and classical

dynamics; Transition state theory and microscopic reversibility; Temperature, catalyst and

pressure effect on reaction rates; Heat capacity and the volume of activation; Applications of

transition state theory; Reactions in solutions; Solvent and salt effects on reaction rates;

Diffusion controlled reactions; Kinetic isotope effects; Composite rate constants; Isokinetic

relationship;Extrakinetic probes of mechanism; Linear free energy relation; Introduction to

photochemical reactions; Reaction mechanism and kinetic studies for photochemical and

ultra fast reactions; Techniques for studying fast reactions; Kinetics of electron transfer;

Marcus theory and its application.

Recommended Books

1. Arthur, A.F and G.P. Ralph. 1998. Kinetics and Mechanism, John Wiley & Sons, New

York, USA.

2. Denisov, E.T., O.M.Sarkisov and G. I. Likhtenshtein. 2003. Chemical Kinetics:

Fundamentals and New Developments. 1st Ed. Elsevier Amsterdam, Boston, MA, USA.

3. Espenson, J. H. 2001. Chemical Kinetics and Reaction Mechanisms, 2nd Ed. McGraw

Hill, New York, USA.

4. House, J.E. 2007. Principles of Chemical Kinetics. Academic Press, New York, USA.

5. Laidler, K.J. 2011. Chemical Kinetics, Pearson Education, New Delhi, India.

6. McQuarric, A.D. and J.D. Simon. 2006. Physical Chemistry: A Molecular Approach.

Viva Books Private Limited, New Delhi, India.

7. Upadhay S.K. 2006, Chemical Kinetics and Reaction Dynamics, Springer New York and

Anamaya Publishers, New Delhi, India.

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CHEM 7098 Research Methodology and Chemical Data Handling 3(3-0)

Research concept, scientific method, Nature of chemical sciences research, defining research

problems, basic techniques for research planning, development of research ideas, review

literature using online search engines, full text library resources like HEC digital library, use

of different software like Chemdraw, Endnote, adobe illustrator , use of EXCEL 5 and

EXCEL 7 worksheet in calculation art of scientific writing and presentation of synopsis,

research article, research proposal, research ethics & anti-plagiarism strategy.

Measurements,Data, Data types, techniques of data collection, Errors and Estimates:

Limitation of analytical methods, classification of errors, accuracy, precision, measurement

of central tendency, mean, measurement of dispersion, the standard Deviation, standard

deviation, variance, percentile, and the Z-value. Distribution of Data and Uncertainties:

Distribution of random error, the standard normal curve, normally distributed random

variable. limits, accuracy and precision in handling results, the propagation of random error,

the propagation of systematic error, regression.

Recommended Books

1. Christian G D, Instrumental analysis, Allyn and Bacon, Inc, Boston, London.

2. Christian G D, Analytical Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

3. Higson S P J , Analytical Chemistry, Oxford university press

4. McCormick D, Roach A, Measurement, Statistics and Computation John Wiley & Sons,

Inc.

curriculum for doctor of philosophy in chemistry

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