curriculum vitae (1) biodata - kenyatta...
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CURRICULUM VITAE
(1) BIODATA
Name: Lilly Caroline Bebora
Date of birth: 18th April 1949
Nationality: Kenyan
Sex: Female
Marital status: Married (with 3 children)
(2) EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Schools attended
1968-1969 Alliance Girls’ High School, Kikuyu. Did “Higher school
certificate examination” in 1969, and passed.
1964-1967 Baptist High School, Mombasa. Did “Cambridge school
certificate examination” in 1967, and passed with
Division One.
1960-1963 Buxton Intermediate School, Mombasa. Did “Kenya
preliminary education examination” in 1963, and
passed.
1956-1959 Freretown Primary School, Mombasa. Did “Common entrance
examination in 1959, and passed.
University qualifications
(i) PhD in Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology (1988) – university
of Nairobi.
Title: “Fowl typhoid:The disease, immunity and control”.
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(ii) MSc. in Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology (1979) –
University of Nairobi.
Title: “A study of the occurrence of avian salmonellosis in
some farms and slaughterhouse in Kenya”.
(iii) Bachelor of Veterinary Medicine (BVM) – University of Nairobi.
(3) PRESENT POSITION
Associate Professor (Microbiology), University of Nairobi.
(4) CAREER RECORD
Employed at the University of Nairobi since August, 1976, first as an
assistant lecturer (August 1976-29/11/79), then as lecturer (29/11/79-16/12/88), then as
senior lecturer (16/12/88-May 2002), and now as associate professor (from May 2002, to
date).
(5) AREA OF SPECIALISATION AND RESEARCH INTERESTS
(1) Veterinary microbiology (bacteriology and mycology) and respective
immunology; particular interest in Salmonella and E. coli bacteria.
(2) Epidemiology and immunology of infectious diseases; specialized in
poultry diseases.
(6) EXPERIENCES
6.1 RESEARCH
6.1.1 Have researched extensively in various aspects of microbiology in various
animals, and disseminated the respective research findings through
publications in refereed journals and also through participation in
scientific conferences and seminars.
Currently two books on microbiology (co-authored with others in the
department) have been submitted to the University Press for publishing.
Another one on Poultry management, nutrition and disease is ready for
submission to the publishers,
6.1.2 Have supervised 10 postgraduate students (both MSc and PhD) in
researches and thesis writing.
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6.2 TEACHING
Has 30 years’ experience (from 1976, to date) in teaching:-
6.2.1 Undergraduates
(a) Bachelor of Veterinary Medicine (BVM)
2nd/3rd year students – microbiology, mycology and
immunology
3rd/4th year students – special pathology (disease
description: all animals), avian post-mortem
4th/5th year students – differential diagnosis in avian
medicine and avian post-mortem
(b) BSc. in Biomedical Laboratory Technology (BLT) Course
Bacteriology
Immunology
(c) BSc. in Wildlife Management and Conservation
Aetiology of Disease
(d) BSc. in Biochemistry
Microbiology (Bacteriology, Mycology)
6.2.2 Postgraduates (MSc Coursework)
For all the above-mentioned programmes:-
*Advanced Bacteriology and Mycology
*Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology
*Advanced Immunology
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6.3 CONSULTANCY
6.3.1 Veterinary microbiologist, immuno-microbiologist, poultry consultant/specialist
- registered by College of Pathology, Kenya Veterinary Board.
6.3.2 Together with others in the department, involved in routine bacteriological and
mycological (+ respective immunological) diagnosis and consultancy, at the
University of Nairobi.
6.3.3 Together with others in the department, doing poultry disease diagnosis,
consultancy and control through running the Faculty Poultry Clinic and also
through ambulatory visitations.
6.4. CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
I have been involved in development of curricula for the following
programmes:-
6.4.1 Undergraduate programmes
* BVM (revision of existing curriculum)
* BLT
* BSc. in Wildlife Management and Conservation
6.4.2 Undergraduate practical manuals – for the above-mentioned programmes.
* Microbiology
* Immunology
6.4.3 Postgraduate Coursework for:-
(a) MSc in Pathology, Microbiology and Parasitology
(b) MSc in Applied Parasitology
(c) MSc in Applied Microbiology, with 5 options
(d) MSc in Pathology and Diagnostics
(e) MSc in Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Diagnosis
(f) MSc in Fish Science
(g) MSc in Poultry Diseases
The first 6 have already passed through Senate. The last one is to be tabled
soon.
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6.5 ADMINISTRATIVE EXPERIENCE
6.5.1 Served as Chairman, Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology,
University of Nairobi, from mid January 1998 to end of February 2004 (6 years).
6.5.2 Served as Member of the University of Nairobi Senate for the 6 years I was
departmental chairman.
6.5.3 Served as Member of College Academic Board (CAVS) from January 1998 to
date.
6.5.4 Served as Chairman, Poultry subcommittee, Agricultural Society of Kenya
(ASK), Nairobi Branch., from 1998 to date.
6.5.5 Before appointment as departmental chairman, had served as:-
(a) Co-ordinator of Microbiology Section (section head) from 2/1/86 to
15/1/98 (12 years)
(b) Acting departmental chairman, Department of Veterinary Pathology and
Microbiology, for several short and long periods, for many years – tenure
of two immediate-past chairmen (6+6 years)-approximately 8 years.
(c ) Member of Appointments committees for technical staff and lecturer
posts, as departmental nominee, for many years. Also served as Senate
representative, at various Senior lecturer/Associate professorial interviews,
for the six years I was departmental chairman (January 1998 to February
2004.
(d ) Served as departmental representative to the Faculty of Veterinary
Medicine-Postgraduate Studies Committee for 6 years. This included co-
ordinating postgraduate activities in the department.
(e ) Served as member of the following Faculty committees:-
(1) Committee set to discuss guidelines for scientific publications
(2) Agricultural Society of Kenya Show committee
(3) Committee set to discuss introduction of Fish Medicine into the
Faculty Curriculum for undergraduate teaching
(4) University editorial committee (Faculty of Vet. Medicine)-
for 2 years
(5) Biennial Scientific Conference Committee (1998 to date)
(6) Committee set to plan for the Faculty workshop on Strategic
Planning
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(f ) Served as member of the following departmental committees:-
(1) Committee to look into possible money generating projects
(2) Staff Welfare Committee
(3) Curriculum Committee
(4) Committee to sort out the issue of teaching Medicine/Special
Pathology with the Department of Clinical Studies
(5) Committee to draw Strategic Plan for the department
(g ) Represented the Dean (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine) a number of times
at the Cluster, Board of Directors meetings for 4 years.
(h ) Acted as Dean’s representative to Deans’ grants science-based
subcommittee for 4 years.
6.5.6 Currently serving in the following committees:-
(a ) At Faculty level
Biennial Scientific Conference Committee
Faculty Postgraduate Studies Committee
(b ) At departmental level
Departmental representative to the Faculty Postgraduate
Studies Committee
Committee to formulate a strategic plan for the department-
both on teaching and on income generation
6.6 EDITORIAL EXPERIENCE
6.6.1 Nominated to the Faculty Editorial Board for 3 years
6.6.2 Reviewed articles for the following journals:-
(a ) Discovery and Innovation, Africa Academy of Sciences
(b ) Kenya Veterinarian
And for the following scientific organizations:-
(a ) National Council for Science and Technology
(b ) Rockfeller Foundation
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6.6.3 Nominated as standing reviewer by:-
(a ) Kenya Veterinarian
(b ) The Rockfeller Foundation
6.7 OTHER PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCES
6.7.1 Spent sabbatical leave of 9 months (1st March 1992 to 30th November 1992)
attached to Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Microbiology section.
Did a lot of work on common causes of bacterial diarrhea in children, with
emphasis on E. coli, Salmonella and Shigella. My work covered:- general
bacteriology, toxicology, serology, DNA work, especially plasmid extraction and
separation, DNA-DNA hybridization and PCR.
6.7.2 Attended the 4th International Conference on Culture Collections, held in Brno,
Czechoslovakia (July 20-24th, 1981).
6.7.3 Attended training course on Running and Management of Culture Collections in
Brno, Czechoslovakia (July 8-18th, 1981).
6.7.4 Worked with Shell Chemicals (K) Ltd. (April 1970-May 1972), where I helped
with field work, including testing of different acaricides with respect to:-
* their effects on ticks
* their duration time; thus enabling us to work out the frequency of
application
* testing the strength of the dipping solution using a commercial kit-
Supona Dip Kit
6.7.5 Had temporary employment with the Ministry of Health, National Research
Laboratories, Kenyatta National Hospital (Dec. 1969-March 1970), where I
worked in the Blood Bank section doing blood grouping and cross-matching.
(7 ) SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOPS ATTENDED
7.1 October 2003 Workshop to deliberate on the Faculty Strategic Plan, at
Aberdare Lodge, Kenya
31/10/03-1/1/03 2nd Poultry Network Workshop, held at ILRI; financed by
DANIDA
Since 1999 to Annual Scientific Meetings cum Workshops for
date Indigenous Poultry Project, held at different venues,
including Tanzania, Uganda, Kenya
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1-7th Nov. 1998 1st Eastern and Southern African Women Veterinarians’
Workshop held in Nairobi. Theme: “Beyond the year
2000”, organized by Kenya Women Veterinary
Association
(8 ) SUPERVISION OF POSTGRADUATE STUDENTS
I have supervised students listed below on various aspects of microbiology:-
8.1 Veterinary students:Theses
8.1.1 Theses that are completed:-
(a ) Dr. P.G. Mbuthia (PhD, 2004), as 2nd supervisor
Topic: “Pasteurella multocida in indigenous chickens and ducks in
Kenya – A study of carrier status, susceptibility, molecular
diagnosis, and pathogenesis”
(b ) Dr. L.W. Njagi (MSc, 2003), as 1st supervisor
Topic: “Carrier status, antibiotic and disinfectant sensitivity patterns of
Listeria monocytogenes and other aerobic bacteria in
scavenging chickens and ducks”
(c ) Dr. J. Mugambi (MSc, 2000), as 1st supervisor
Topic: “Characterisation of Brucella pathogens in man and animals in
Narok District of Kenya”
(d ) Dr. Kasiti J. Lichoti (MSc, 2000), as 2nd supervisor
Topic: “Epidemiology of avian paramyxoviruses occurring in Kenya,
with special reference to free-range (village)chickens”
(e ) Dr. M.J. Macharia (MSc, 1999), as 2nd supervisor
Topic: “Avian paramyxoviruses occurring in Kenya:A comparative
study of the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein
and its functional activities”
(f ) Dr. Margaret Karanja (MSc, 1998), as 1st supervisor
Topic: “Isolation, characterization and pathogenicity testing of
Escherichia coli in poultry from some parts of Kenya”
(g ) Dr. J.K. Gathumbi (MSc, 1993), as 1st supervisor
Topic: “A survey of mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins in poultry feed
used in Kenya”
(h ) Dr. K.S. Kahiri (MSc, 1993), as 3rd supervisor
Topic: “Cottonseed cake for broiler chicken”
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(i ) Dr. W.W. Karaba (MSc, 1992), as 2nd supervisor
Topic: “Persistence of Salmonella gallinarum under simulated
environmental conditions”
8.1.2 Two ongoing ones
(a ) Dr. L.W. Njagi (PhD), as 2nd supervisor
Topic: “A study of factors involved in NewCastle disease virus carrier
status in village chicken and non-chicken poultry in Kenya”
(b ) Dr. D.N. Karanja (PhD), as 3rd supervisor
Topic: “Pathology of oedema disease and other E. coli infections of pigs”
8.1.3 Where I have been acknowledged in write-ups
(a ) Dr. C.G. Gitao, in his article of 1995, entitled:- “The main health problems
of poultry in peri-urban areas of Nairobi”, Kenya Association of Institutions of
Tropical Veterinary Medicine Proceedings of the VIII International Conference of
Institutions of Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Vol. 1.
(b ) MR. S.B. Kayongo (PhD thesis, 1993-University of Nairobi), entitled:
“Evaluation of caged layer waste as a protein supplement to fibrous crop
residues fed to sheep”
(c ) Dr. J.M. Kantengwa (MSc thesis,1990-University of Nairobi), entitled:
“Bacteriological quality of drinking water for poultry, in some poultry farms
in Kenya”
(d ) Dr. E.S. Bizimenyera (MSc thesis,1986-University of Nairobi), entitled:
“A new approach to hatchery sanitation: Isolation and control of pathogenic
bacteria associated with deaths of hatching eggs”
8.2 BLT students – Research projects
8.2.1 Completed ones
(a ) Gaudencia Liambila (2005)
Topic: “Identification and partial characterization of goat placental IgG
subclasses”
(b ) Susan Ayen (2004)
Topic: “Study of antimicrobial resistance of Klebsiella and Escherichia
coli organisms isolated from two hospital settings”
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(c ) Kibebe H. Waitindi (2004)
Topic: “Isolation and phenotypic characterization of pathogenic yeast-like
fungi, with particular reference to Cryptococcus neoformans, from
environmental sources”
(d ) Nyaga Martin Munene (2004)
Topic: “Identification by “salting out method” of enterotoxigenic
Escherichia coli isolated from food-handlers working in tourist
hotels in Nairobi, Kenya”
(e ) Ogada Freda (2003)
Topic: “Significance of bacteria isolated from diseased organs of birds
brought to poultry clinic at Kabete”
(f ) Njuguna M.M. (2003)
Topic: “Isolation of pathogenic bacteria from diarrhoeal samples at
Kenyatta National Hospital, and Widal testing of blood from
typhoid suspects at the same hospital”
(g ) Njoroge G.S. (2003)
Topic: “Comparing efficacies of different Widal-test kits”
8.2.2 Ongoing one
Emmaculate Agolla (2006)
Topic: “Isolation, identification and antibiotic resistance profiles of non-
typhi Salmonella isolated from food-handlers working in tourist
hotels in Kwale”
(9 ) EXAMINATIONS
9.1 Postgraduate examinations
9.1.1 I have served as a member of Board of Examiners for various MSc and PhD
theses, both within and across faculties 41 times. Of these, 20 were in capacity of
internal examiner. Overall, I have examined 31 MSc and 10 PhD candidates.
9.1.2 I have also been external examiner for several MSc theses:-
(a ) For Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
(1) Dr. J.O. Chilongola (Year 2000), thesis entitled: “Immune responses
induced in rabbits by stage-specific Rhipicephalus appendiculatus
antigens”
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(b ) For Kenyatta University, Kenya
(1) MR. Joseph Owiti Oundo (Year 2002), thesis entitled: “Phenotypic and
genotypic characterization of non-typhi Salmonella species associated
with severe malaria in children admitted at Kilifi District Hospital”
(2) Ms Joyce Mukami Mwituria (2005), thesis entitled: “Characterisation of
non-typhoid Salmonella isolated from children, with bacteremia,
admitted to hospitals in Kilifi and Nairobi”
(3) MR. Anderson Njagi Wambugu (2005), thesis entitled: “Use of specific
polysaccharide in an indirect ELISA for detecting specific antibodies
to contagious caprine pleuropneumonia”
(4) Yawah S. Mwarumba (2005), thesis entitled: “Validation of BSAC
with E-test susceptibility method for characterization of
Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae”
9.2 External examiner for undergraduate BVM students:-
(a ) For Sokoine University, Morogoro, Dept. Vet. Microbiology and
Parasitology – 4 times (1999-2002)
(b ) For Makerere University, Uganda, Dept. Vet. Parasitology and Microbiology
- 3 times (2001-2003)
(c ) For University of Zimbabwe, Dept. Vet. Pathology, Microbiology,
Parasitology and Animal sciences (2004 to date)
9.3 Moderator for Nairobi University exams – for several occasions:-
(a ) Dept. of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
(b ) Dept. of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine
( 10 ) GRANTS APPLIED FOR AND RECEIVED
10.1 DANIDA-funded indigenous poultry project
I am part of a network of investigators working on the above-mentioned
project, covering Tanzania, Uganda and Kenya, referred to as “Improving the health
and productivity of urban chickens in Africa (IHEPRUCA) geared towards
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improving the status of indigenous chickens and educating poultry-keepers on proper
poultry management and disease control.
10.2 National Council for Science and Technology (NCTC) grant:-
KSh. 120,000 – to do PhD work entitled:- “ Fowl typhoid: the disease,
immunity and control”. PhD thesis submitted in 1988.
10.3 Deans’ Grant
KSh. 90,000- to work on:- “Survey of poultry feeds for presence of
mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins, and monitoring the effects of
mycotoxins on the immune system of chickens”
Funds supported one MSc student. Thesis submitted.
10.4 Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) grant – one of University
of Guelph/University of Nairobi joint projects.
KSh. 180,000 for me and Prof. P.N. Mbugua to work on “Study of the
management status of Kenya poultry farms, relating it to the level of
production and disease occurrence”
Funds supported one MSc student. Thesis submitted.
(11 ) SIGNIFICANT DEVELOPMENT OF BIOLOGICALS
11.1 Fowl typhoid vaccine – I and Prof. Nyaga have developed a potent attenuated
vaccine against Salmonella gallinarum infection in poultry. It has been tested in the
laboratory for protection and shown to be better than the live vaccine in stock.
However, apparent breakdowns of the original live attenuated vaccine, ie.
cases of vaccinated birds coming down with disease, have led to stoppage of usage
of live vaccines – a dead one is used instead. This has necessitated more work to be
done on the new vaccine to ensure non virulence.
11.2 I, Karaba W.W. and Odongo M.O. have come up with a preparation of crystal
violet antigen of Salmonella gallinarum to be used for fowl typhoid testing.
(12 ) COMPLETED RESEARCH
12.1 Mbugua P.N., Bebora L.C. and Karanja M.W. (1998):- “Study of the
management status of Kenya poultry farms, relating it to the level of
production and disease occurrence”
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12.2 Bebora L.C. and Gathumbi J.K. (1993):- “Survey of poultry feeds for presence of
mycotoxigenic fungi and mycotoxins, and monitoring the effect of mycotoxins
on immune system of chickens”
12.3 Bebora L.C. (1987):- “Fowl typhoid: The disease, immunity and control”
12.4 Bebora L.C (1979):- “A study of the occurrence of avian salmonellosis in some
farms and a slaughterhouse in Kenya”
12.5 Other researches carried out through postgraduate and undergraduate students.
(13 ) ONGOING RESEARCHES
13.1 Nyaga P.N., Bebora L.C., Mbuthia P.G. and Njagi L.W. – “Improving the health
and productivity of urban chicken in Africa (IHEPRUCA) – geared towards
improving the status of indigenous chickens and educating poultry keepers on
proper poultry management and disease control.
13.2 Bebora L.C. – “Typing of E. coli strains isolated from avian cases of
septicaemia and diarrhea, and testing for their pathogenicity”
13.3 Other researches carried out through postgraduate and undergraduate students.
(14 ) MEMBERSHIPS
14.1 Of professional bodies
(a ) Kenya Veterinary Board (KVB)
(b ) Kenya Veterinary Association (KVA)
(c ) Kenya Women Veterinary Association (KWVA)
(d ) Kenya Academy of Sciences (KAS)
(e ) Agricultural Society of Kenya (ASK)
(f ) Livestock committee, ASK( Poultry subcommittee chairman)
14.2 Of social groups
(a ) Departmental Welfare Association
(b ) Two women groups:-
(1) Musenangu women group (served as treasurer for 8 years now, to
date)
( 2 ) Maweni ladies group (served as chairperson for 8 years now, to
date)
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(15 ) SOCIAL AND COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT
15.1 KWVA is involved with communal education (educational fora) – going out to
educate, especially ladies in the field, about various aspects of veterinary interest –
based on the particular community needs – done at least twice a year
15.2 Between March and July 1995, I was involved in a fact-finding survey to establish
how women in rural areas take care of their animals:- what animals they keep and
what they know about traditional medicine. The survey was funded by the Kenya
women veterinary association (KWVA) and covered most of Kenya – I covered
the Coast Province. We also utilized this opportunity to educate the rural ladies on
various veterinary aspects
15.3 I have participated actively towards encouraging the girl-child to excel both
academically and towards life in general. I believe in establishing the rightful
position of females in general, whether human or animal. I played a great part in
having male and female birds competing separately at ASK show, Nairobi. Before
this, birds were competing randomly, especially at Champion levels; the males
winning most of the time.
15.4 Participated in the Kenya Veterinary Association continuing education seminar
(refresher course) on poultry keeping (1988)
15.5 Have given talks to KVA sub-branches, eg. Mombasa branch, KWVA, etc.
15.6 Have given talks on poultry diseases and treatment when various drug companies
were launching their new drugs or when holding information fora
15.7 Was guest of honour at a prize-giving ceremony at Happy Tots Academy, Nairobi,
on 19th November 2003
15.8 Have helped financially and otherwise a number of needy people coming to my
Office.
15.9 As service to the people, I have translated two articles/advertisements from
English to Swahili, a language that most people understand. These were:-
(1) One on Amitraz acaricide
(2) One on Tsetse flies and trypanosomosis
(16 ) CONTINUING EDUCATION SESSIONS ATTENDED
I have attended several sessions organized by poultry/pharmaceutical
organizations, for example: Agriner Poultry, Intervet E.A. Ltd, which were addressed by
several guest speakers on various issues ranging from poultry management, drug
dynamics, birds’ immunological responses, vaccinations, etc.
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I have also learnt a lot through listening to papers presented at the Faculty of
Veterinary Medicine Biennial Scientific Conferences (4 to date), and at the poultry
continuing education course organized by Kenya Veterinary Board (sponsored by
Kenchic, Intervet, etc.)
(17 ) AWARDS RECEIVED
17.1 Member of Kenya Academy of Sciences (2005)
17.2 Founder member: Kenya Veterinary Board, College of Pathology (2002)
17.3 Consultant: Microbiology (Bacteriology and Mycology), Immunomicrobiologist,
Poultry Specialist (2002)
17.4 Associate Professor in Veterinary Microbiology (+ Immunology), University of
Nairobi (2002)
17.5 Chairman, Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, University of
Nairobi (1998-2004)
17.6 Agricultural Society of Kenya (ASK) Poultry subcommittee:-
(a ) Subcommittee chairman (since year 1998 to date)
(b ) Judge for various poultry classes (since year 1982 to date)
17.7 Awarded 10 and 20 years’ service awards in years 1992 and 2002, respectively, in
recognition for service to the Agricultural Society of Kenya.
(18 ) PUBLICATIONS
18.1 Bebora L.C., Bii C.C. and Waitindi H.K.(2005): Pigeon-frequented areas, garbage
piles and dog faeces as possible sources of Candida and Cryptococcus infections
for humans and animals. Kenya Veterinarian 29:18-20
18.2 Bebora L.C., Mbuthia P.G., Macharia J.M., Mwaniki G., Njagi L.W. and Nyaga
P.N. (2005): Appraisal of the village bird’s potential in egg production. Kenya
Veterinarian 29:10-13
18.3 Bebora L.C., Oundo J.O. and Munene M.N. (2005): Isolation of enterotoxigenic
E. coli from food-handlers. Kenya Veterinarian 29:14-17
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18.4 Mbuthia P.G., Njagi L.W., Nyaga P.N., Bebora L.C., Mugera G.M., Kamundia J.,
Minga U. and Olsen J.E. (2005): Comparison between fluorescent in situ
hybridization (FISH) and culture method in the detection of Pasteurella multocida
in organs of indigenous birds. Kenya Veterinarian 29:53-56
18.5 Mbuthia P.G., Njagi L.W., Nyaga P.N., Bebora L.C., Mugera G.M., Minga U.M.
and Olsen J.E.(2005): Indigenous ducks are better reservoirs of P. multocida than
indigenous chickens. Kenya Veterinarian 29:104-106
18.6 Mbuthia P.G., Njagi L.W., Nyaga P.N., Bebora L.C., Mugera G.M., Kamundia J.,
Minga U.M. and Olsen J.E. (2005): Comparison of the carrier status of P.
multocida between farm and live-market indigenous birds. Kenya Veterinarian
29:45-47
18.7 Maina A.N., Mbuthia P.G., Ngatia T.A., Waruiru R.M. and Bebora L.C. (2005):
Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria species and parasitic lungworm infection in
marketed indigenous chickens. Kenya Veterinarian 29:
18.8 Njagi L.W., Mbuthia P.G., Bebora L.C., Nyaga P.N., Minga U.M. and Olsen J.E.
(2004): Carrier status for Listeria monocytogenes and other Listeria species in free-
range farm and market, healthy indigenous chickens and ducks. E.A. Medical
Journal 81(10):529-533.
18.9 Njagi L.W., Mbuthia P.G., Bebora L.C., Nyaga P.N., Minga U.M. and Olsen J.E.
(2004): Sensitivity of Listeria species, recovered from indigenous chickens, to
antibiotics and disinfectants. E.A. Medical Journal 81(10):534-537.
18.10 Odongo M.O., Bebora L.C. and Njoroge G.S. (2004): Comparative evaluation of
five Widal test kits used in Kenya. Kenya Veterinarian (in press)
18.11 Mbuthia P.G., Njagi L.W., Bebora L.C., Nyaga P.N., Minga U.M. and Olsen J.E.
(2002): Hatchability and fertility of indigenous chicken and duck eggs and some
causes of chick and duckling mortality in Kenya. Kenya Veterinarian (in press)
18.12 Mbuthia P.G., Njagi L.W., Bebora L.C., Mugera G.M., Ngatia T.A., Munyua
W.K., Nyaga P.N., Minga U.M. and Olsen J.E. (2002): Preliminary investigations
on the carrier status of Pasteurella multocida in farmed and traded healthy
scavenging indigenous chickens and ducks in Kenya. Kenya Veterinarian (in press)
18.13 Nyaga P.N., Njagi L.W., Bebora L.C., Mbuthia P.G., Mlozi M.R.S., Minga U.M.
and Olsen J.E. (2002): Productivity of local scavenging ducks under village
management conditions in Kenya. Kenya Veterinarian (in press)
18.14 Gathumbi J.K. and Bebora L.C. (2000): The occurrence of aflatoxin in poultry
tissues collected in Nairobi, Kenya. Bull. Anim. Hlth. Prod. Afr. 48:61-62.
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18.15 Wabacha J.K., Gitao G.K., Bebora L.C., Bwanga C.O., Wamuri Z.M. and Mbithi
P.M.F. (1998): Occurrence of dermatomycosis (ring worm) due to Trichophyton
verrucosum in dairy calves and its spread to animal attendants. J.S. Afr. Vet.
Assoc. 69(4):172-173.
18.16 Bebora L.C., Nyaga P.N. and Kimoro C.O. (1998): Comparison of immune
responses of two Salmonella gallinarum strains viewed as possible vaccines for
fowl typhoid in Kenya. Onderstpoort Journal of Vet. Research 65(2):67-73.
18.17 Karanja M.W., Bebora L.C. and Mbugua P.N. (1998): Pathogenicity of E. coli
isolated from normal healthy chicken. Kenya Veterinarian ------
18.18 Bebora L.C. (1997): Role of plasmids in virulence of enteric bacteria. E.A.
Medical Journal 74(7): 43-45.
18.19 Bebora L.C. (1996): The erratic nature of Enterobacteriaceae with particular
mention to the genera Escherichia, Shigella and Salmonella: A practical review.
Discovery and Innovation 8(3): 215-218.
18.20 Gathumbi J.K., Bebora L.C. Muchiri D.J. and Ngatia T.A. (1996): Mycological
examination of poultry feeds used in Nairobi, Kenya. Bull. Anim. Hlth. Prod. Afr.
44:19-22.
18.21 Gathumbi J.K., Bebora L.C., Muchiri D.J. and Ngatia T.A. (1995): A survey of
mycotoxins in poultry feeds used in Nairobi, Kenya. Bull. Anim. Hlth. Prod. Afr.
43:243-245.
18.22 Bebora L.C., Yamamoto H., Sang W.K., Oundo J.O., Khamala J., Mwangudza A.
and Mukundi P.W. (1994): Plasmid profiles of E. coli, Salmonella and Shigella
organisms isolated from three districts in Kenya. E.A. Medical Journal 71(10):619-
623.
18.23 Bebora L.C., Oundo J.O. and Yamamoto H. (1994): Marked resistance of E. coli
strains, recovered from chickens, to various antibiotics used for treatment in
humans, with particular attention to Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (septrin).
E.A. Medical Journal 71(10):624-627.
18.24 Bebora L.C., Oundo J.O., Khamala J., Saidi S., Sang W.K., Yamamoto H. and
Mukundi P.W. (1993): Some E. coli strains causing septicaemia in chicks in
Kenya.Kenya Veterinarian 17:1-3.
18.25 Gitao C.G. and Bebora L.C. (1992): Histomoniasis in a peacock. Indian Vet.
Journal 69:933-934.
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18.26 Bebora L.C. and Nyaga P.N. (1989): Antibiotic resistance in Salmonella
gallinarum isolates recovered from Kenya. Bull. Anim. Hlth. Prod. Afr., Special
issue:115-118.
18.27 Kaminjolo J.S., Ayoade J.A., Makhambera T.P.E., Nyaga P.N. and Bebora L.C.
(1988): Contagious ecthyma in a boer goat: short communication. Bull. Anim.
Hlth. Prod. Afr. 36:83-85.
18.28 Bebora L.C. (1987): Common poisons - poultry. Kenya Veterinarian 11:7-8.
18.29 Nyaga P.N., Bebora L.C. and Kaminjolo J.S. (1985): Occurrence of Shigella
dysenteriae-3 in the domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus) in Kenya. Bull. Anim.
Hlth Prod. Afr. 36:83-85.
18.30 Bebora L.C., Waiyaki P.G. and Kaminjolo J.S. (1979): A bacteriological and
serological survey of avian salmonellosis in four farms and a slaughterhouse.
Kenya Veterinarian 3(2):36-38.
18.31Bebora L.C., Waiyaki P.G. and Kaminjolo J.S. (1979): Occurrence of Proteus
ammoniae in domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus). Kenya Veterinarian 3(2):38-39.
18.32 Nyaga P.N., Kaminjolo J.S., Mutiga E.R. and Bebora L.C. (1979): Occurrence of
atypical fowl pox in poultry farms in Kenya. Avian Diseases 23:745-752.
(19) CONFERENCE PAPERS / WORKSHOP PRESENTATIONS
19.1 Njagi L.W., Mbuthia P.G., Bebora L.C., Nyaga P.N., Minga U.M. and Olsen J.E.
(2004): A study of effectiveness of seven disinfectants against possible bacterial
contaminants of coops and premises inhabited by indigenous chickens and ducks.
Paper presented at KVA scientific conference, 28-30th April, 2004.
19.2 Mbuthia P.G., Nyaga P.N., Bebora L.C., Njagi L.W., Minga U.M. and Olsen J.E.
(2003): Ducks in rural and semi-urban poultry production. Paper presented at a
National Poultry Workshop on “Use of Research Results in the Development of
Smallholder Poultry Projects” held at ILRI, Nairobi, Kenya on 29-30th October,
2003.
19.3 Mbuthia P.G., Njagi L.W., Nyaga P.N., Bebora L.C., Minga U.M. and Olsen J.E.
(2003): Clinical signs of fowl cholera in experimental immunosuppressed and non-
immunosuppressed Kenyan indigenous chickens and ducks. Paper presented
presented at IHEPRUCA annual scientific meeting held in December 2003, and at
Kenya Veterinary Association Scientific meeting in April 2003.
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19.4 Bebora L.C., Nyaga P.N., Njagi L.W., Mbuthia P.G., Mugera G.M., Minga U.M.
and Olsen J.E. (2002): Production status of indigenous chicken from peri-urban
villages in Kenya. Presented at IHEPRUCA annual scientific meeting, held in
December 2002; Kenya.
19.5 Bebora L.C., Nyaga P.N. and Njagi L.W. (2000): Bacterial species recovered from
ducks sampled from peri-urban villages of Kenya. Presented at IHEPRUCA annual
scientific meeting, held in November 2000; Tanzania.
19.6 Nyaga P.N., Bebora L.C. and Njagi L.W. (2000): Production status of indigenous
ducks from peri-urban villages in Kenya. Presented at IHEPRUCA annual scientific
meeting, held in November 2000; Tanzania.
19.7 Oundo J.O., Sang W.K., Yamamoto H., Saidi S., Bebora L.C., Mwangudza A. and
Mukundi P.W. (1993): Plasmid-mediated multi-drug resistant enterobacteria
isolated from infantile diarrhea in three districts of Kenya. KEMRI-KETRI
Conference 1993.
19.8 Chai D.C., Bebora L.C. and Karaba W.W. (1990): Yersinia enterocolitica infection
in vervet monkey. Paper presented at 2nd Faculty of Veterinary Medicine biennial
scientific conference, University of Nairobi.
19.9 Bebora L.C. and Nyaga P.N. (1989): Antibiotic resistance in Salmonella
gallinarum isolates recovered from Kenya. Paper presented at 1st Faculty of
Veterinary Medicine biennial scientific conference, University of Nairobi.
19.10 Nyaga P.N. and Bebora L.C. (1988): Zoonotic human chlamydiosis of avian
origin. Paper presented at KVA scientific meeting on “The epidemiology and
control of rabies and other zoonotic diseases”, held on 3rd November 1988.
.
19.11Bebora L.C. (1987): Chick morbidity and mortality. Paper presented at KVA
scientific meeting on “Neonatal diseases and management”, held on 15th and 16th
October 1987.
19.12Bebora L.C. (1986): Common poisons-poultry. Paper presented at KVA scientific
meeting on “Poisons of animals in Kenya”, held on 4th and 5th September 1986.
19.13Bebora L.C. (1986): Salmonellosis in poultry: the disease, its diagnosis and
Prevention. Paper presented at KVA scientific meeting on “Diarrhoea”, held on 20th
and 21st February 1986.
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(20) BOOKS AND MANUSCRIPTS WRITTEN
21.1 Those submitted for publishing
(1) Bacteriology and Mycology Handbook for veterinary students, by Odongo
M.O., Bebora L.C., Mbuthia P.G. and Kagunya D.K.
(2) Bacteriology and Mycology Laboratory Manual for veterinary students, by
Bebora L.C., Odongo M.O., Mbuthia P.G. and Kagunya D.K.
21.2 Those almost ready for submission for publishing
(1) Poultry keeping: A complete book on management, nutrition and disease, by
Bebora L.C.
(2) Notes on General Bacteriology, by Bebora L.C., Odongo M.O., Mbuthia P.G.
and Kagunya D.K.
(3) A guide to Poultry Production, by Bebora L.C.
(4) Show birds preparation and judging in Kenya, by Bebora L.C., Mbuthia P.G.,
Macharia J.M., Mwaniki G., Mwangi and Nyaga P.N.
21.3 A general book entitled: “Tribute to the Rev. Canon Samuel Levi”, by Bebora
L.C.
15/06/06
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