CURRICULUM VITAE OFf"'lANUEl E. VENTURA ROBLES

t.IJanuei E. Ventura Robles Wi;1S born in SCJn Jose, Costa P.icc, f)/1 June 16, 1943. Hecompleted his primary and sercndary school studies at the La Salle School andgraduated .,vith a secondary education certificate in science :Jnd humanitil?s. In1974, he obtained his licentiate in lav.•.and his license to practice as a Public Notaryfrom the Faculty of Lgl.".' of the University of Costa Rica. Laler that yeer he became amembel- of the Costa R.ican Bar Association. He is muried to Glona ROdriguezChzlVez, and they have three sons.

jv'lanuel E. Ventura Robles ·•.."ho is currently Judge of the Inter-American Court ofHuman Rights, elected for i'i six-years period, since 1 January 2004, for the $tCJtesParties in the American Convention on Human rights during its Thirty-third RegularSession of tile General Assembly of the 0.1\5, has held various positions in the privatesector and In public administr-ation, and also in the Costa Rican Foreign Service in tileEmbassy of Costa Rica in Washington, D.C and in the Permanent f'tlissioli of CostaRica to tile Organization of .A.merican States (OI_S). Previously, he had rleld theposition of Secretary from 1989 to 2003. He has gi\-Ien courses on the theory of theStale in th@ Faculty of La",,;,of Ul~ University or Costa Rica and has been an invitedprofessor at the Autonomous Central American University (UACA) and al the National,~s$ociation for Economic Promotion (A1~FE). He has been a guest speaker at vuioushuman rights institutions, non-governmental organlzaUons and other internationalorganizal!ons. He has also been a guest speaker at University of Navarre, Pamplcna,Spain; PontHlca! Catholic University of Chile; Fa·:uily of Law, University of Chile;Catholic Unive.srty of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador; the Institute for Juridical Res€.;;lrch ofthe Autonomous University of ~,1exico (UNAr-1); LJni\lersity of SeviJia; ColurnblaUniversity, New York; PontiFical JaveriarJCJ Uni·.•.'ersity, Santare de Bogota, Colombia;the DePaul Univers!t'l College of Law in Chicago, Winois; Center for Justice andInternational Law (CEJIL); United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights;University of OttCJ1Na; Supreme Court of Justice of the PrQvince of Buenos Aires,f..rgentina; Costariean Institute of Constttutional Law; SuperIor Tribunal of Justice orBrazil; National !-\utonomQus University of r·1exico (UNAt"l); University of El Salvador;University Jose i"latias Delgado, t:;l Salvador; University Alcala de Henares, Spain;International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC); Portuguese-Spanish-Americ:an-Plli1ippine international Law Institute; Constitutional O~amber of the Supreme Courtof Justice of Cosla Rica; Supreme Court of Juslice of the Dominican P-epublic;Supreme Court of EI Salvador; Imer-American Institute of Human Rights (IIHR) andthe Inter-.A.merican Juridical Commiltee. He has taken p3rt in various national andinternational seminar$ on topics related to human nghts and the inter-,ll,mericansystem for the proteclionof human rights. In the course of his responsibilities, IlehaS attended the Fourteenth, Nineteenth, Twentieth, TVlent;y-first, l\.venty-second,T'Nenty-third, Tvventy-fourth, T.•..venty~fifth, Tv.;enty-stxth, Twenty-seventh, Twenty-eighth, Twenty'-ninth, Thirtieth, Thirty-first, Thirty-second ~nd Thirty-third Re9ularSessions of the General Assembly of the OAS.

He IS a member of the International Law Association and the American Society ofrnternational Lav,, (ASIL); member of the Portuguese, Spanish.. J\merican andPhilippinE: International LoW Institute; member of the Editorial Board of the Journal oftile Brazilian Institute of Human Rights; Hone-rary member Df the Costa RiG:!"AssociQtion of international Lav,,' (ACaD!); Founder member of the Intel-Am~ricanFoundation for the Clinic Jnvestigatlon; and member ex oficio of tilt Gener2:!Assembly of the Inter-American Institute of Human P'ights.

Vieja y Nueva PoHtica rOld politics and new poHUcs]. 1970. A political essay witha limited circulation.

Algunos Aspectos de la Representacion PoHtica Legislativa en Costa Rica[Some aspects of political representation in the Costa Rican Legi5IaturC!:]. 1974.Thesis for tt1e licentfate in law of the Faculty of law of the University of Costa Rka.

"Discriminacion Geograftca en la Elecci6n de Dlputados" [Geographical discriminationin tf?e election of deputies). Articfe published in !:.95}latq" cultural supplement of thenewspaper,. Excelsior, on September 7, 1975, p. 6.

"Costa Rica y la Corte 1nteran1ericanade Den::chos Humanos" [Cost¢! Rica and theInter-American Court of Human Rights]. 1983. A.rticle published in:

La Nadon Internacional, edition No. 80 for the week of June 16 to 22..1983. p. 11.

Revista Judicial, Supreme Court of Justice, San Jo~e, Costa Rica. Year VIII,No. 27. December 1983, pp. 9-13.

La Representacion PoHtica [Political represeMaUonj. 1984. Editorial Juricentro.San Jose .. Cost~ Rica.

Presentation of the study: Neutralidad y No Intervenci6n [Neutrality and non-intervention} by Hector Gras EspreH. 1985. Tnter-American Institute of f1umanRights. San Jose, Costa Rica.

"Et Proyecto de Estatuto de fa Corte Interamerican.a de Derechos Humanos de 1979"[Tl1e draft Statute of the lnter~Amenc(]n Court of Human R.ights} In La CorteInteramerlcal1a de Detechos Humanos: Estudios y Oocumentos. 1986.Inter·AmericQr1 Institute of Human Rights. San Jose, Costa Rica,

Also in: 2nd. ed. San Jose, C.R.: Corte interanlericana de Derechos HumanoS,Union Europea, 1999. pp. 209-248.

"Colte interamericana de Derechos Humanos. Oplfliones y ResoluClones. 1983"[Intei~P'tmerican Court of Human l?ights. Opinions and decisions. 1983J. Revista deDerecho Publico, (Venezuela), Wl 22,. pp. 207-213, April - Junt! 1985.

"Corte rnteramerkana de Derechos Hurnanos. Opiniones y Resoluciones. 1984"[1nt€r~Arnerican Court of Human Right!'>. Opiniol1S and decisionS. 1984]. Revista deDerechoPublico, (Venezueia), N° 25, pp. 155-174, ]cH1uarf - f·'arch 1986.

[Inrer-Arnerican Cuurt of .'-Iurnan Righ[:::-. Op-jnions 2nd decisions. 1985]. Revista deDerecho Publico, (Venezuela), W' 28, pp. 173-179, October - Dec2:n-,ber i986.

"Corte- [nteramer1cana de Derechos Hurnanos. Oplnlones y Reso!uciones. 1986"[Imc,,'·Atnerican Court of Human Rights. O,Dinions and decisions. 1986}. Revista deDerecho Publico, (Venezuela), N~ 32, pp. 165-176, October - Decernl)er :!.987.

Vet t 'fa Robles, t"lanuel E. and ZOvalto G., Daniel. "La naturaleza de ia funci6nconsultiva de la Corte Interamer1cana de Derechos Humanos" [The natu,e or theadVisory function of [he jnter-Amettcan Court of Human Rights]. Revista I.I.D.H.,N° 7: 159 -J97, January - June 1988.

"Corte int,=r(lIT).i2tic~na de Derechos Humanos. Opiniones y Reso!uciones. 1983,1984,1985" [lnter-An7erican Court of Huma.n Rights. Opinio/1s and decisions. 1983, 1984,1985]. Revista Judicial, Supreme Court of Justice, San Jose, Costa Rica. Year XII,N°43. Pp. 117-132, June 1988.

"]urisprudencia internacional: Corte !nter;:lmer!cana de Derechos Humanos:0pln/ones y resolu(;iones 1986" {lntemational jurisprudence: Inter-American Court ofh'uman FUgl1tS. Opinions and decisions. 1986]. Revista Judicial (C.R.). 12 (44):83-91, September 1988.

Ve, tun: Robles, ,"1anuel E. and lQvatto G., DanieL "Corte lnteramaricana deDerecho5 Humanos: Garantias jucHciales de los derechos humanos en estados deemergencia" [Inter'-American Court of Human F<.ights: judicial guarantees of humanrights during states of emergency]. Revista de Derecho Publico (Venezuela), N°36: 176-189, October· December 1988.

Ventura Robies, r"ianuel E. and Zovatto G., Daniel. La funci6n consurtiva de laCorte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos: Naturaleza y pl'incipiosr 1982-1987 [The advisory function of the Inter-American Court' of Human Rights. Natureand pn'"ciples, 1982-1987J. 1. ed. PrologUe by Hector Gros Espial!. San Jose;Inter-American Institute of Human Rights; r'·1adrid: Editorial CiVitas, 1989. 463 pp.

"]urispruoencia internacional: Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos:Sentencias y opiniones consultivas" [International jurisprudence: Inter-AmericanCOUlt of Human Rights: judgments and advisory opinions]. Revista Judicial (C.R.),13 (46): 179-196.< Ju. e 1989.

"La Coo'lencl6n Americana 50bre Derecho5 Humano-s y su vigencia en AmericaLatina" [The American Convention on Human Rights and its implementation in LaUnAmerice}. Revlsta de Ciencias Juridicas (C.R.), N° 64: 89-94, September -December 1989.

"La protecci6n internacianal de los derechos humanos en ,t..rnericau [The intetnetiona(protection or human rights in the AmeriCaS]. PUNTOS •.• (EJ Salvador) 1 (11): S, 15.A.pril 1993.

Presentation of the book "La Convenci6n Americana sobre Derechos Humanosy 105 votos de la Sala Constitucional de Costa Rica" [The Americdn Convt?ntionon .Hvrnan Rights and the decisions of the ConsUtutjonaJ Chamber of Costa eic~j. b'iUc. HermeS Navarro del Valle.

"Los articulos 50 y Sl de la Convend6n Americana sobre DErechos Humanos"[Aiticfes 50 and 51 of Uie Arnerican Convention on .l-furnan Rights}. i.: Nieto Navrd,

R.afcH?I, Editor. rn: La Corte y el Sistema Interamericanos de DerechosHumanos [The Inter-American Court and system or human rights]. San Jose, C. R.;Inter-American Court of Human Rights, 1994. Pp. 553-569.

hEl valor de la dedaraci6n universal de 105 dc:rechos hurnanos" [The significance ofthe universal dee/Marion of human rights] in: Trindade, P.,ntonio Augusto Canr;:ado,Ed. in: The Modern World of Human Rights-EI mundo moderno de losderechos humanos: Essays in Honour of Thomas BLJergenthal/Ensayos enHonor de Thomas Buergenthal. San jose, C. R.: fnter-American Institute ofHuman Rights, 1996. Pp. 255-265.

Ventura Roble.s, ~1anuel E. Sistematizadon de la jurisprudencia contenciosa dela Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos - Systematization of theContentious Jurisprudence of the Inter-American Court of Human R.ights,1981-1991/f'<'ianuei E. Ventl,Jra Robles ... (et al.]" Presented by Hector Fix-Zamudlo-San Jose, C. R.: lnter-.t,merican Court of Human Rights, 1996.

''EI Desistimiento y el t>..tlanailliento de la Junsprudencia en la Corte lnteramericanade Derecl,os Humanos" [Discontinuance and acquiescence in the Jurisprudence of theInter-American Court ot' Human R.ights]. In Hector Gros Espiell, Amicorum Liber.Persona Humana y Derecho Internacional. Emile 51'uylant, S. A., Brussels,Belgium,. 1997,

"La Corte interarnericana de Deree-has Humanos". Informativo Academico delInstituto Superior de Ciencias Policiales de Carabineros de Chile [Inter-American Court of ,'-fur,Jon Rights. ACademic buUc~in of the Nigher Institute of PoliceScience o! the Chilean Police Force], 12 (31): 22-29, 1997.

"Contribucion del Juez Hector Fix-Zamudio a la e'lo!uCton institucional de la Corteinteramericana de Derechos Humanos durante 105 anos 1937-1997" [Contribution ofJudge Hector Fix~Zamudio to the institutional de'/efopment of the [Mer-AmericanCourt of N(.wrwn Rights], In Libel' Amicorum, Hector Fix~Zamudio. SClIt Jose.Costa Rica: !nter·American Court of Human Rights, 1998. vol. I. pp. UB-LXVfI.

Also published in: Revista Judicial (Costa Rica, vol. 23 (77): Iv1arch 11-2.3,2001.

"EI deslstimiento y el allanamiento en la jurisprudencia de Ie Corte Interamericana deDerechos Humanos" ,; [Discontirwance ana' acquiescence in the jurisprudence of theInter-American Court of Human Rights]. In: Bertolini, Anarella y Fernandez, Herbert,.eels, La jurisdicci6n cOl1stitucional y su influencia en el estado de derecho[The constitutional jurisdiction and its influence in the rde of law]. Led. San Jose,C.R.: UNEO, 1998. Tomo 1.: pp. 245-260.

'La Conveoci6n Amerrcana sobre Dc:rccho5 HumJnos" [The American Convention onNuman Rights). In: Fix-ZamUdio, Hector, Coordmator. Mexico y laSDeclaraciones de Derechos Humanos [Mexico and the humi;JH rfg!Jtsdeclarations}. i>1exico: Corte Interemericano de Derechos HumarlOs, UniversidadNacional Aut6norna de Mexico, 1999. Pp. 167-173.

"Interrogantes Decisivas" {Decisive iS5uesj. in: La Nadon (Costa Rica). Sunday,NQvember 2.1) 1999, p. 15A.

"La evolucl0n institucional de I", Corte lnteran1€ricana de Derechos HUlnanO$ durantE-los anos 1987-1997" [T"e ,i;'5ritut;o'-r21 development or [he Inter-Ametfcan Court of

Humai, RigllLS (rom 1987 to 1997j. In Persona y Derecho. Servicio dePublicciciones, Un.versidad de Navarre. Parnpiona, Spain, vol. 41-1999, up, 239-261.

"EI des;stlmiento y e! ali?narnlento en ta jurisprudencia de la Corte Interarnericar)G deDcreeJ)()s Hurnanosft {[Jiscontinu2nce arid acquiescence in [he .fi.}r1sprlI::.lence or the:!!nter-Arnerican Court of' HurT/an Rights]. In: ILSA Journal of International AndComparative law, Vo!urne 5, Surnmer 1999, "Jurr,bt:!r 3, pp. 689-706.

'EI futuro de !a Corte Tr.terame,ic8na de. D~rechos Humanos" (The (uturf! of thelnrer· ...Anlerican Court or Hurnan l:;:ighrs]. In: Ruptura, P.evfsta .!\.nU2-f de la;\socLicion EscuelOjde Derecho, No. 43: 47-71, 2000, Quito, Ecuador.

Also published in t'NO palts in: Nundo Dip!omatico (Costa P;ica), 3 (18):lO-P, (-1al'"ch-l\pnl, 2001 and 3 (19): 7-10, i·1ay-]u"e, 2001.

"EI caso Vel~5quez Rodriguez" [The Velasquez ,R.odrfgilez case}. In; rudicium etVita, No.7, (Special Edition): 269-277, December :WOCJ.

"EI Cornprorniso de la Comunidad Intemaciona! con 121 ProtCr2CiOh InL..rnaciQnalefectlva de los Derect10s Humanos y las lmplicctciones Financieras del Fortalecimientodel SIstema InLeramericano: el casa de 121 Corre Interarnericana de DerechosHu nanos" [The: commitment of the inkmctioncl community to the effectiveInternational orotecr!of) of .In:man ri\]hts and the financief impiicaUons ofstrenrthening the inter-American system: the case of 01::: Inter-American Court ofl-tvtnan RigMs}. It; the seminar: "El sistema intefamericano de protecci6n de 10$derecl~los hurnanos en el umbral del siglo XXI" [The Inter-American system on thethreshold or the twent}/-first century] {November 23-24, 1999, San Jose, CostaRica). Memoria del Seminario El sistema interamericano de proteccion de 105

derechos humanos en el umbral del 5i910 XXI. San Jose, Costa RIca: Inter-Americtin Court of Human Rights, 2001. Vol. I: pp. 255-275.

"p~·z y Derechos Humanos: La Experiencla ]1ist6rica Centroamericana" [Peace andhuman rights: the past experience of Central America]. In: Revista do InstitutoBrasileiro de Direito5 Humanos, 2 (2): 171-18/',20Dl

"EI futuro de la Corte lnterarneric<lna de Derectlos Hurnanos" [The {ut"un,: of theInter-American Court of l-i/..'rl1iW ;~ight5}. In: Revista IIDH .. 30-31: 129-150,2001.

"La Corte Interamcricana de Derechos Hurnanos: Camino had a un TribunalPermanente" [The inter-American Courl of h'uman Rights: TOil/ards a PermanentTribunal]. In: Revista IIDH, 32-33: 271-310, July 2.0GO-June 2001,

"La Corte Interamericana de Derecho5 Humanos: Camino hada un TribunalPernlanentell [The jnter-Americatl Court of l-lumcf1 Rights; T()~~l·~arrjs~;P-errnanentTribuna}. In: OAS. Inter-American juridical Committee. International LawCourse, XXVIII. Washil'19tOn D.C.: GenNal Secretariat, SeCietariat rQf Legal Affairs,2002. PCige 93-129.

Trindade, Antonio Augusto Cilm:t:ldo; VE:ntura Robles, t"ianuel E. The Future of theInter-American Court of Human Rights. San Jose, Costa Rica: Inler-.!'\mericanCourt of Hurnan P,ight5, United Nation:; High Comrnissloner for Rciug~cs. 2003.

"Los prlllc'pa\cs aporLes del Juez Rodolfo E. Piza Escalanle a la CQrte Llteramericandde Derecho5 HumanDs" [To''?£; ['If-in ContribUl:ions of JUOyE Rodolfo E. Pi?ii Escalante tothe Irner-.4nJe:ka,'1 Court of Uuman Rights]. In: Justice, Freedom and HumanRights: Essays in Tribute to Rodolfo E. Piza Escalante. San ]::Jsc, Costa Rica:Ti1C Int~r·Arnerican Court of HtHnan Rights, TI-le SUDn~me Court or Justice of CosteRica, The Inter-A.rnerican Institute of Human Rights, The College of L3\'I,/i2rS of CostaRica, 2003, 2S3-28S.

Trindade. A.nt6nfo Augusto Can~ado; Ventur<:i Robles, tvlanuel E. The Future of theInter-American Court; of Human Rights. - 2 ed. -- San Jose, Costa Rica: Inter-American Court or Hum~m P.igt1Ls, United Nations High Comrnissioner for Refugees,2004.

Venlura Robles, r':lanuel E. El Acceso directo de la v.ictima a la CorteInteramericana de Derechos Humanos: Un ideal y una lucha de AntonioAugusto Can<;ado Trindade. In: Rumbos del de 'echD internacional de 105derechas 11uriicnos: t::studios en homenaje al pmfesor ,Antonio Auguste CanyJdoTrindade. Porto !~Iegre. Brasil : Sergio Antonio Fabris Editor, :W05, p. 213~275.[The Victim's Direct Access to t.he Inteo",-Amerfcan Court of Human Rights.' An {dealanti Struggle of Antonio Augusto Canl:;ado Trindade. In: Directions of thefntelnational Human Rights Law: Essays in Tril)ute to Professor Antonio i\ugustoCan<;ado Trindade. Porto P,legre, 8rasil: Sergio Antonio Fabris. Editor, 2005, pp.213-275.

Trindade, Antonio ALJQusto Can~ado; Vent 'fo R.obloes, ('lai1uel E. The Future of theInter-American Court of Human Rights.- 3 ed. -- San JQSe, Costa Rica: inter-Arnerkan COUlt of Human Rights, United Naticns Higr, Commissioner for Refugees,2005.

"']urisprlJde:ncia de liS Corte Interarne:riccna de Duecho$ Humano>.; en f¥1ateria de.Derechos Economico5, Sociales y eultufalest

' [Jurisoruden(;e of the Inter-AmericanCourt of Human Rights Peftaining Economic, Social and Cultura! Rights}. fn: RevistanOH,. 4D: 87-132,. 2005.

"La Corte Interamericana de DerechQS Humanos: La Necesidad [nmediat~ deConvertirse en un Tribunal Permancnte" (T 1e Inter-American Court of Human Rights:The Immediate Necessity of Becoming a Purmanent Tribunaf]. In: Revista CEJIL,Anal, Numero 1, Diciembre de 200.5.

"'La Corte Interamericana de DerecllOs Humanos: La Necesidad Inmediata deConvertirse en un Tribunal Permanerf.e" [The Inter-American Court of Human Rights:The Irnrnediate Necessity of 8ecornlng a PermanerJl: Tribunal]. In: Revista doInstituto Brasileiro de Direitos Humanos, Year 6, Volume 6, Number 6, 2005.

"Jurispr'udend~ de la Corte Interarnericana de Derechos Hl)manOS en Materia deDerechos Civiles y Politicos' [Jurisprudenc:e of ttH: lnter-American Court of HumanRights Pertaining Civil and PoJiticai Rlgrlts). In: Revista IIDH, 42: 37-86, :W05.

"jurisprtidcncia de la Corte Interi;Hnericana de Derechos Humanos en ;-1ateria DeDefechos Civiles y Politicos" [Jurisf!fucience of the Inter-AmenC3n court of HumanFights Perti:llning CiVIl z.mdPolitical Rights] In: Agenda Internacionalf Ana XII,No. 23. Instituto de Estudios Intcrnacionaf de la Pontificia Univer:;:;;dacl CaL61ic.;1 delPer\}.. 2005, p. 93-134.

Terceros en el cas:J de la "1··lasacre de Hapiripiln" contra Colombia" [TheDetermination of the International Responsibility of tile State by fhird Party I'\cts in~he case of "The \'iassacrc of fv1apiripin" V5. Colombia]. In: JOFnadas de DerechoInternacional, Universidad de Ottawa, Organfzation of American States, 2006, p.381-405,

Ventura Robles, ~lanuel E. Studies about the Inter-American System for theProtection of Human Rights -- 1 ed. -- San Jose, Costa Rita, 2007.

"La Supervision del Cumplimie, to de las Sentenclas en el Sistema Interamericano deProtecc.ion de los Derechos Humano:;" [Tile l'-1onitoring of the Cornpiiance ofJudgmen~s In the Inter-American System for lhe Protection of Hurnan Ri9.1tS). rn:AnuariQ Hispano-luso-Americano de Derecho Internadonal, No. 18. InstitutoHi5Dano-Luso-Am~ricano de Derecho Internacional. 2007, p. 169-205.

"]urisp Jdencia de la Corte Interameric3ni3 de Derechos Humanos en Materia deDerechos Econc.micos, Soci31es y Cul.urales" [The ]urisprudente of tile Inter-American Cour't 0" Human Rights in ~"'iatte' of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights].En: Novas Perspectivas do Directo Internacional Contemporaneo, Estudosem Homengal1l ao Profesor Celso D. De Alburquerque Mello. Renovar, 2008, p.533-574,

"Anal,si:; de !a Jurisprlldencia de la (ol1:e lnteramericana de Derechos Humanos en["lateria de Derectw$ Civiles y Politicos" [,t.,nal·ysis of the Jurisprudente of the Inter-American Court of HUtTian Right in Hatter of Civil and Politi·:af Righ··s]. In: DerechoPublico para Administrativistas, Ubreria Editora Platense, lOOSI p. 25-78.