Annual Report July 2010– June 2011

Prepared By

The Centre for China Urban and Regional Studies

Hong Kong Baptist University

September 2011

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TABLE OF CONTENT

1. INTRODUCTION TO CURS ......................................................................................................4

1.1 LIST OF STAFF MEMBERS ..........................................................................................................5 1.2 LIST OF RESEARCH FELLOWS ...................................................................................................5

2. RESEARCH ACTIVITIES CONDUCTED................................................................................7

2.1 CONFERENCES /WORKSHOPS ORGANIZED..................................................................................7 2.1.1 The 14th International Symposium on Coordination of Chinese Economic Systems,

17-19 May, 2011, Ilan, Taiwan .........................................................................................7 2.1.2 International Conference on China Urban Development, 7-8 December 2010, Hong

Kong .................................................................................................................................7

2.1.3 The 13th International Symposium on Coordination of Chinese Economic Systems, 8-11

November, 2011, Shanghai, China....................................................................................7 2.1.4 Conference on Migration Issues in China, 24 August 2010, Hong Kong .........................8

2.2 PARTICIPATION IN INTERNATIONAL ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES ...................................................8 2.2.1 A presentation on “Housing Inequality in China under Market Deepening and

Globalisation: A Study of Guangzhou Based on Survey Data”, 17 December 2010,

National Taiwan University, Taiwan.................................................................................8 2.2.2 A presentation on “Housing Inequality in China under Market Deepening and

Globalisation: A Study of Guangzhou Based on Survey Data”, 21 December 2010,

National Changhua Normal University, Taiwan...............................................................8 2.2.3 “Forum on Frontiers in Geography”, 18-19 April 2011, Taiwan National University, Taiwan ..............................................................................................................................9 2.2.4 Workshop on Spatial Behavior Research and Planning, , 19 December 2010, Tsinghua

University, Beijing, China.................................................................................................9 2.2.5 Seminar on “The spatio-temporal approach to studying transportation, social and other

issues”, 18-22 March 2011, Vienna University of Technology, Austria ............................9 2.2.6 A lecture on “High-speed rail development in China” to secondary school teachers, 2

April 2011, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong...................................................9 2.2.7 Seminar on “Collecting transport data through GPS tracking”, 22 April 2011, Gematics

Center of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, China.....................................................................10 2.2.8 Seminar on “Exploring the subjective well-being of daily travel by core affect Measure”,

3 to 10 May 2011 Oxford University, U.K. .....................................................................10 2.3 SEMINAR ORGANIZED .............................................................................................................10

2.3.1 Seminar “Urbanization in China: current problems and future prospect”,3 Mar 2011.10 2.4 VISITATION...............................................................................................................................10

2.4.1 Visitor from the School of the Built Environment, Heriot Watt University, U.K., 15

February -14 May 2011 ..................................................................................................10

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2.5 STUDY TOUR ............................................................................................................................. 11

2.5.1 Pearl River Delta Study Trip to Shenzhen, Dongguan, Guangzhou, Zhongshan, 14-16

April 2011 ....................................................................................................................... 11

3. RESEARCH PROJECTS / PUBLICATIONS ..........................................................................13

3.1 EXISTING RESEARCH PROJECTS .............................................................................................13

3.1.1 Spatial Restructuring, Jobs/housing Balance and Commute in Urban China:

A Spatio-temporal Analysis of Guangzhou .....................................................................13

3.1.2 Urban Form Remaking, Car-Dependence and Traffic Congestion in Urban China ......14

3.1.3 Collecting Data for Validating an Algorithm Developed to Derive Activity-travel

Information from GPS Data ...........................................................................................15

3.1.4 Heavy Industrialization and Productivity Growth – a Study of Guangdong Province ...16

3.1.5 Spatial Restructuring, Changing Housing and Community Types, and Residential

Experiences in Urban China: A Comparative Study of Guangzhou and Shanghai ........17

3.1.6 Modeling Individuals’ Time Allocation between Activities in Virtual and Physical

Spaces .............................................................................................................................18

3.1.7 Geographic concentration and the dynamics of changes of Chinese industries.............19 3.1.8 Islamic Endowments [the Waqf] and the Chinese Ancestral [Tong]: A Comparative

Appraisal of the Evolution of Ethical Capitalism, 1830-2007........................................20 3.1.9 Investigations on Issues and Methods of Multi-scale Digital Terrain Analysis ..............21

3.1.10 Remote Sensing Change Detection and Spatio-temporal Analysis on Environmental

Impacts by the Expansion of Irrigated Farmland Expansion in Aridzone of China .......22

3.1.11 Investigation on Self-adaptive Digital Terrain Analysis and Surface Flow Simulation..23

3.1.12 Examining the Influence of Uncertainty in Urban Morphology Parameters Towards Air

Quality Studies in Hong Kong ........................................................................................24

3.2 RESEARCH OUTPUTS OF CURS FELLOWS.............................................................................25

3.3 OCCASIONAL PAPERS..............................................................................................................38

4 FINANCIAL REVIEW (1 JULY 2010 – 30 JUNE 2011) .........................................................39

5. ON-GOING ACTIVITIES AND FUTURE DEVELOPMENT...............................................40

5.1 CHINESE URBAN SPATIO-TEMPORAL DEVELOPMENTS IN PERSPECTIVE .............................40 5.2 TIME-GEOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF URBAN SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY ....................................40 5.3 SPECIAL ISSUE ON SPATIO-TEMPORAL PERSPECTIVE ON URBAN CHINA’S MOBILITY,

HOUSING AND SOCIAL ISSUES FOR URBAN GEOGRAPH.........................................................40

5.4 BOOK PROJECT: SPACE-TIME INTEGRATION IN GEOGRAPHY AND GISCIENCE: RESEARCH

FRONTIERS IN THE US AND CHINA .........................................................................................41

5.5 EDITORIAL OFFICE FOR ASIAN GEOGRAPHER: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL PUBLISHED BY

ROUTLEDGE OF TAYLOR AND FRANCIS ....................................................................................41

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6. OVERALL SELF EVALUATIONS...........................................................................................41

APPENDIX 1: OCCASIONAL PAPER ABSTRACTS, NO. 100 – 103.............................................43

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1. Introduction to CURS

The Centre for China Urban and Regional Studies (CURS or the Centre), currently housed at the Department of Geography of Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU or the University), was established on 1 July 2001. CURS was founded with a major donation from Heung To Educational Fund secured by Professor C F Ng, former President and Vice Chancellor of the University. CURS aims at conducting high quality research and cultivating academic exchange on China’s urban and regional developmental issues. Research fellows of CURS include faculty members of the University from a variety of disciplinary backgrounds who share a common interest in urban and regional research on China. It is the objective of CURS to enhance the University’s status as an academic hub for the study of China’s cities and regions. Research conducted by CURS research fellows covers a wide range of intellectual and policy-oriented domains: regional disparities, housing privatization and housing market segmentation, transportation and land use, environmental management and sustainable development, social problems and social service provision, cultural landscapes, inter-regional and rural-urban migration, social stratification, quality of life, and urban modelling, including the application of geographic information systems and remote sensing techniques in the study of urban and regional change. Since founding, the Centre Director and his research team at CURS have pioneered micro-analysis of urban housing and residential change in China in collaboration with research institutions in Mainland China and elsewhere, such as the Centre for Urban and Regional Studies at Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, the Xinjiang Institute of Geography and Ecology, the Urban China Research Network of the University at Albany, New York, the Urban China Research International Network of Cardiff University, Wales, and the Urban and Regional Research Centre of the University of Utrecht, the Netherlands.

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1.1 List of Staff Members • Professor Si-ming Li (Department of Geography), Centre Director

Research interests: Urban; Housing; Regional Development • Professor Donggen Wang (Department of Geography), Associate

Director Research interests: Travel behaviour, Transport Geography, Time Geography

• Professor Wing Shing Tang (Department of Geography), Chief Editor, CURS Occasional Paper Series Research interests: Urban Planning under Socialism

• Mr Quan Hou, Research Assistant (2006-) • Miss Yushu Zhu, Research Assistant (7/2009) • Doctor Limei Li, Research Associate (7/2009-8/2009) • Miss Lai Yan Pang, Research Assistant (1/2009-1/2010) • Tang Wing Suet, Research Assistant (3/2010-Present)

1.2 List of Research Fellows • Doctor Yuk Shing Cheng (Department of Economics)

Research interests: China's regional growth empirics and economic reforms (with special interest in rural and fiscal reforms)

• Professor Sammy W. S. Chiu (Department of Social Work). Research interests: Ageism and Social Policy; Youth Culture and Youth Policy; Social Ideology and Social Work; Health Care

• Professor Larry C. H. Chow (Department of Geography) Research interests: Energy; Political • Professor Cindy Y. Y. Chu (Department of History)

Research interests: Contemporary China; Chinese Foreign Relations; Sino-American Relations (Political and Cultural); Hong Kong Politics

• Doctor Him Chung (Department of Geography) Research interests: Regional Geography of China; Urban–Rural Relations; Rural Transformation

• Professor Stephanie P. Y. Chung (Department of History) Research interests: Social and Economic History; Business History; History of Business Laws and Customs; Chinese Family Business in South China and Southeast Asia

• Doctor Gina W. F. Lai (Department of Sociology)

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Research interests: Mental Health; Social Networks; Gender Studies

• Professor Kam Keung Lee (Department of History) Research interests: History of Fujian and Taiwan; History of Chinese Revolution; History of Christianity in Modern China

• Doctor Danching Ruan (Department of Sociology) Research interests: Social Network Analysis; Comparative Sociology; Sociology of Chinese Societies

• Doctor Yat-ming Siu (Department of Sociology) Research interests: Fertility and Family Planning; Migration and Residential Mobility

• Professor Victor F. S. Sit (The Advanced Institute for Contemporary China Studies) Research interests: Urbanization studies: urban development and its dynamics; Aspects of urban and economic geography, e.g. CBD, city structure, urban infrastructure, housing, transport, urban industries, urban agriculture, urban planning; Development and spatial economic studies: small and medium industries, export-oriented industrialization, industrial planning, regional development and planning, growth and strategies of the extended metropolitan regions in China and Asia, the first and second global economic shifts and their spatial and policy effects

• Professor Kenneth K. K. Wong (Department of Geography) Research interests: Environmental Studies

• Professor Victor C. W. Wong (Department of Social Work) Research interests: Health; Youth; Social Policy; Public Sector Management

• Doctor Xiaojiang Yu (Department of Geography) Research interests: Regional Environmental Planning; Environmental Policy; International Development; Energy and Transport Policy; Natural Resource Management in Southeast Asia; Social and Cultural Geography; Development and environmental cooperation in East Asia

• Professor Qiming Zhou (Department of Geography) Research interests: Change detection and land cover modelling with remote sensing; DTM-based terrain analysis; Spatial decision support systems; 3-dimensional GIS; GIS and remote sensing applications

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2. Research Activities Conducted

In order to promote academic exchange and networking among scholars in Hong Kong, Mainland China, Taiwan and overseas who are interested in China’s urban and regional concerns, CURS has actively organized and sponsored international conferences, workshops, seminars and excursions. 2.1 Conferences /Workshops organized

2.1.1 The 14th International Symposium on Coordination of Chinese

Economic Systems, 17-19 May, 2011, Ilan, Taiwan

The conference was hosted by the Department of International and Cross-Strait Affairs, Fo Guang University and co-organised by the Hong Kong Society of Asia and Pacific Twenty-One. CURS sponsored $10,000 to support the conference. The topic is about the social and economic development in Greater China and Asia Pacific.

2.1.2 International Conference on China Urban Development, 7-8

December 2010, Hong Kong

The Centre of Urban Studies and Urban Planning (CUSUP) of the University of Hong Kong and CURS joined force to hold the conference. More than 150 paper presenters and other participants from Hong Kong, mainland China, Taiwan, USA, UK, France, Australia, and many other countries contributed to the conference’s 25 paper sessions. A total of 78 papers were presented in 25 sessions, covering various aspects of China’s urban transformation. In addition, CURS held a two-day fieldtrip to Guangzhou to see how the latter attempts to reposition itself as a world city.

2.1.3 The 13th International Symposium on Coordination of Chinese

Economic Systems, 8-11 November, 2010, Shanghai, China

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CURS joined force with the Advanced Institute for Contemporary China Studies of HKBU, the Hong Kong Society of Asia and Pacific Twenty-One, and Fudan University of Shanghai to hold the 13th International Symposium on Coordination of Chinese Economic Systems on 8-9 November 2010 in Shanghai. The theme of this conference was on China and ASEAN 10. More than 40 scholars from Hong Kong, Macau, Mainland China and Taiwan attended the conference. The conference proceedings with Prof. Li, Si-ming as editor-in-chief, will be published at the end of 2011.

2.1.4 Conference on Migration Issues in China, 24 August 2010, Hong

Kong

CURS and the Department of Sociology of Hong Kong Baptist University jointly organized the “Conference on Migration Issues in China” on 24 August 2010 at Hong Kong Baptist University. The conference examined the issues of economic and social integration based on the research experiences in China and the west, and compares the social and contextual factors that affect integration of migrants and immigrants. Scholars from Canada and North-western China joined with colleagues and students of HKBU to take part in the conference.

2.2 Participation in International Academic Activities 2.2.1 A presentation on “Housing Inequality in China under Market

Deepening and Globalisation: A Study of Guangzhou Based on Survey Data”, 17 December 2010, National Taiwan University, Taiwan

Professor Li was invited by the Department of Geography of the National Taiwan University to give a presentation on “Housing Inequality in China under Market Deepening and Globalisation: A Study of Guangzhou Based on Survey Data”.

2.2.2 A presentation on “Housing Inequality in China under Market

Deepening and Globalisation: A Study of Guangzhou Based on Survey Data”, 21 December 2010, National Changhua Normal

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University, Taiwan

Professor Li was invited by the Department of Geography of the National Changhua Normal University to give a presentation on “Housing Inequality in China under Market Deepening and Globalisation: A Study of Guangzhou Based on Survey Data”.

2.2.3 “Forum on Frontiers in Geography”, 18-19 April 2011, Taiwan National University, Taiwan

Professor Li was invited to deliver a speech in “Forum on Frontiers in Geography” at Taiwan National University.

2.2.4 Workshop on Spatial Behavior Research and Planning, 19

December 2010, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China

Professor Wang Donggen presented an invited paper “日常出行與幸福感研究” (Subjective Wellbeing and Daily Travel) at the Workshop on Spatial Behavior Research and Planning, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 19 December 2010.

2.2.5 Seminar on “The spatio-temporal approach to studying transportation, social and other issues”, 18-22 March 2011,

Vienna University of Technology, Austria Professor Wang Donggen paid an invited visit to Vienna University of Technology, Austria, from 18 to 22 March 2011. During the visit, he delivered a seminar entitled “The spatio-temporal approach to studying transportation, social and other issues”.

2.2.6 A lecture on “High-speed rail development in China” to secondary school teachers, 2 April 2011, Hong Kong Baptist University,

Hong Kong

Professor Wang Donggen delivered a lecture on “High-speed rail development in China” to secondary school teachers, at Hong Kong

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Baptist University, 2 April 2011. 2.2.7 Seminar on “Collecting transport data through GPS tracking”, 22 April 2011, Gematics Center of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, China

Professor Wang Donggen delivered an invited seminar on “Collecting transport data through GPS tracking”, at the Gematics Center of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, China, 22 April 2011.

2.2.8 Seminar on “Exploring the subjective well-being of daily travel by

core affect Measure”, 3 to 10 May 2011 Oxford University, U.K.

Professor Wang visited the Transport Studies Unit of Oxford University, U.K. from 3 to 10 May 2011. During the visit, he gave a seminar entitled “Exploring the subjective well-being of daily travel by core affect measures”.

2.3 Seminar Organized

2.3.1 Seminar “Urbanization in China: current problems and future

prospect”, 3 Mar 2011

CURS and the David C. Lam Institute for East – West Studies, HKBU co-hosted the seminar. The speaker, Professor Yaping Wang of the School of the Built Environment, Heriot Watt University gave a seminar discussing socio-economic and environmental problem as a result of the economic growth reform and growth over the last 30 years. The seminar drew many students and faculty members who were interested in the topic. Both the speaker and students enjoyed the discussion very much.

2.4 Visitation 2.4.1 Visitor from the School of the Built Environment, Heriot Watt

University, U.K. 15 February -14 May 2011

CURS hosted the visit of Professor Yaping Wang of the School of

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the Built Environment, Heriot Watt University, U.K. for three months. Professor Wang is an internationally renowned scholar in the field of China urban development.

2.5 Study tour 2.5.1 Pearl River Delta Study Trip to Shenzhen, Dongguan, Guangzhou,

Zhongshan, 14-16 April 2011

Tutor of the course Miss Celia Woo and the assistant Miss Candice Tang led 23 students included 8 master students, to visit Nansha, Shunde, Zhongshan, Dongguan. The trip formed an integral part of the course GEOG 1620 Hong Kong and the Pearl River Delta: A Survey. The theme of the trip was the development of industrial, agricultural & city development in PRD.

Students were listening to the introduction about

the Guangzhou Toyota Motor Corporation Limited. The two-day field trip began with the visit of Guangzhou Toyota Motor Corporation Limited in Pan Yu district. Students were impressed by the execution of “The Toyota Way” when they saw the workers produced vehicles of good quality efficiently and quickly in the production line. The success of the production system made the company very competitive in fast-growing auto manufacturing in China.

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Group photo taken at Guangzhou Toyota Motor Corporation Limited

Next, the group moved to see the Guangdong Chencun The World of Flowers Co., Ltd, in Shunde District of Foshan City. The local flower market has had a very long history of growing flowers and plants since 1998. In the recent year, with the improvement on technology and techniques, the market has become an integrative service provider in the plants tertiary industry. Nowadays, it is the largest horticulture enterprise in South China, which drives the development of the whole South China’s flower industry. On the second day, students learnt about the current development of the aquaculture in Zhongshan. Zhongshan Foodstuffs & Aquatic IMP. & EXP. Group Co. Ltd. The company delivers a number of tones of aquatic products to Hong Kong directly every morning by ship. Fishes are kept fresh and alive during delivery by special freezing equipments. Their representatives told the students that about the impact of the tsunami in Japan happened this year has resulting in increase of sales in Hong Kong and China market. The last stop of the trip was Lung Cheong International Holding Ltd; a Hong Kong based toy-making company in Dongguan. Students had the chance to see how the toys are made from product design, engineering, to mould making. They were exciting to see how the products are under the quality checks in order to meet various kinds of international standards before they can be delivered to customer.

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3. Research Projects / Publications

3.1 Existing Research Projects

The staff and research fellows of the CURS have undertaken a variety of research projects financed by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council (RGC) and Faulty Research Grants (FRG). The following are some of the on-going projects and projects initiated over the year under review.

3.1.1 Spatial Restructuring, Jobs/housing Balance and Commute in Urban China: A Spatio-temporal Analysis of Guangzhou

Principal Investigator: Professor Si Ming Li Exercise Period: September 1, 2010 – August 31, 2011 Source of Funding: FRG2/09-10/100 Amount Awarded: HK$100,000

Brief Introduction Many visitors to China in the 1970s praised the widespread use of the bicycle and the lack of congestion in Chinese cities. Yet, severe congestions and long commutes plague every major city in China today. Underpinned by land re-commodification, housing and enterprise reforms, danwei or work-unit compounds characterising the socialist planned economy have experienced rapid disintegration. Clearer demarcation of the city into functional zones is now the norm (Li, 2005; 2008). Yet scholars have only begun to examine the changing jobs-housing distribution and the pattern of urban commutes in urban China (Cervera and Day, 2008; Wang and Chai, 2009; Li, forthcoming a). This study tries to enrich this emerging literature by employing data from three comparable sets of household surveys conducted in Guangzhou in 2001, 2005 and late this year. More specifically, the study will (1) document the process of increasing separation of residence from the workplace, (2) analyse the implied relationship between commuting flow and two levels of factors, namely, characteristics of the individuals and households and zonal level jobs/housing proximity, and 3) evaluate the impacts of different land use and modal split scenarios on the pattern of commute. Clearly, the study has implications not only for transport infrastructure development but also for environmental

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sustainability.

3.1.2 Urban Form Remaking, Car-Dependence and Traffic Congestion in Urban China

Investigators: Professor Donggen Wang Exercise Period: January 2011 – December 2013 Source of Funding: GRF Amount Awarded: HK$781,755

Brief Introduction The significance of traffic congestion and air pollution in Chinese cities was highlighted during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. The average speed of motor vehicles in the city centre at rush hour travel at 12-18 km per hour compared to 15 km per hour of a bicycle. Transport-related air pollutions account for about 23% of total air pollution in Beijing. Many attribute the problems to the rocket soaring car ownership and the increasing dependence on car for urban Chinese in their daily travel. More fundamental issues, however, have not yet received sufficient attention: apart from increased income, what other factors contribute to the growing demand for car? Apart from increased accessibility to car, what other factors contribute to the increased urban traffic? Based on our recent research on urban transportation in China, we hypothesise that urban form remaking, or spatial restructuring in Chinese cities, resulted from Danwei (or work unit), land, and housing reforms, has largely, if not fundamentally, changed the ways that urban Chinese use time and space and consequently their travel behaviour. This research is thus proposed to investigate the interrelations between urban form remaking, car-dependence and traffic congestion in Beijing. Specifically, we will collect first-hand data on individuals’ preference towards living environment and travel behaviour, actual activity-travel behaviour and socio-economic variables at two time points. Secondary data will be collected to characterise the built environment in which individuals live. Econometric models especially longitudinal modeling tools such as the two-wave structural equation models will be used to establish associations as well as cause-effect relations between built environment and activity-travel behaviour in terms of car

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ownership, the use of time and space, travel frequencies and duration, and shares of motorised and non-motorised transport modes. This proposed research has both great academic significance and policy relevance. It will enrich the current literature on the connections between built environment and activity-travel behaviour with empirical findings from a case outside North America and Europe. It will also greatly contribute to the understanding of congestion and air pollution problems related to urban traffic in Chinese cities and based on which appropriate remedy policies may be proposed.

3.1.3 Collecting Data for Validating an Algorithm Developed to Derive Activity-travel Information from GPS Data Investigators: Professor Donggen Wang Exercise Period: May 1, 2011-October 31, 2011 Source of Funding: FRG1/10-11/049 Amount Awarded: HK$49,400 Brief Introduction GPS has become a promising method for collecting individuals’ activity-travel behavior data due to its limited burden on respondents. However, GPS only provides information on time, position as well as speed of movement, etc., no readily available information on individuals’ activity-travel behavior such as trip purposes and transportation modes, etc. In the past years, methods have been proposed to derive transport information from GPS data. Nevertheless, no more than 70 percent of the trip purpose information can be correctly detected by methods reported in the literature. The purpose of this study is to collect data for validating a methodology developed to derive trip purpose information from data collected from GPS. Specifically, dozens of respondents in one or two mainland Chinese cities will be recruited to carry a GPS device for several days to a week. The spatio-temporal trajectories of their daily life during these days will be collected. In addition, GIS data on land use in the cities where the respondents live will also be collected. These data will be prepared and processed for validating an algorithm developed to derive trip purpose information from GPS data. This pilot research project is

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important for developing methodologies to deduce activity-travel behavior information from GPS data.

3.1.4 Heavy Industrialization and Productivity Growth – a Study of

Guangdong Province

Principal Investigator: Doctor Yuk-shing Cheng Exercise Period: June 2011 Source of Funding: FGR2/10-11/089 Amount Awarded: HK$99,700 Brief Introduction Guangdong Province launched a new drive for heavy industrialization in the early 2000s. The shift of focus to heavy industry was part of the central government’s strategy to upgrade China’s industrial output structure. There were different views as to whether the government should artificially push the economy towards a developmental path favoured by the officials. While some scholars supported the official policy, others argued that Guangdong could maintain its growth momentum by further expanding its labour-intensive exports. They suggested that Guangdong should invest in heavy industries only when market signals told the enterprises to do so. The contrasting views correspond to the debate at the national level about whether the government should adopt industrial policies that violate the principle ofcomparative advantage. Some scholars argue that China’s comparative advantage remains in labour-intensive industries and promotion of heavy industries will do more harms than benefits. Defenders of the official policy have pointed out that the heavy industries developed in the new era have been consumption-oriented and market-based. They suggest that China can quicken the process of industrial upgrading by pursuing the new strategy. Guangdong experienced a remarkable growth of heavy industry in the past decade, with its share in total industrial output rose from 47% in 2000 to 62% in 2008. Yet, rapid expansion does not imply optimality of the policy. This project attempts to evaluate the policy by analyzing the productivity growth, technical progress and efficiency change of its industrial sector since 2000.

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3.1.5 Spatial Restructuring, Changing Housing and Community Types, and Residential Experiences in Urban China: A Comparative Study of Guangzhou and Shanghai Principal Investigator: Professor Si-ming Li Exercise Period: January 2010 – December 2011 Source of Funding: GRF/RGC (HKBU 243209) Amount Awarded: HK$768,230 Brief Introduction The transition from a centrally planned to a socialist market economy in China has engendered incessant spatial restructuring and produced a plethora of housing and community types in urban China. First there are the pre-1949 tenements and courtyard housing in the urban core. Massive redevelopments in recent years have uprooted tens of thousands of residents and impinged heavily on these communities. Second there are the danwei compounds of the socialist planning period located outside the core. Housing sold to sitting tenants under the reform has since been given full property rights and allowed to enter the market. The resultant inflow of unrelated inhabitants is now undermining the homogeneity and integrity of many danwei compounds. Third, there are the commodity housing estates in redeveloped inner-city neighbourhoods and newly developed suburbs populated by China’s rising middle class. The new owner-occupiers are eager and relatively well resourced to defend their rights so as to maintain the value of their properties. Finally, there are the urban villages on former urban-rural fringes with concentrations of rural migrants. A distinguishing feature of Chinese cities is the presence of boundaries and gates. They delineated the danwei compounds before. They are also features of the new commodity housing estates. But the meaning of boundaries and gates could be quite different for the former worker-residents and for the new owner-occupiers. Surely, there are also communities which are more loosely defined physically; yet residents’ committees have been empowered to perform community building functions in such communities.

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Using data from household survey conducted in Guangzhou and Shanghai in 2005 and 2006-7, together with data from supplementary fieldworks as well as from census and other sources, the proposed study attempt to analyse the interrelationship between community formation and neighbourly relations, on the one hand, and residential experiences, on the other, and examines how such relationships are conditioned by the changing built environment of the residence in light of China’s unprecedented urban and economic and social transformation. Special attention is given to the effects of boundaries and gates. Both quantitative and qualitative works are needed to unravel the richness and diversity of behavioural responses of the residents in adjusting to and making the best out of the changes in structural or institutional forces and environmental features. The quantitative analysis will involve structural equation estimations with built-in feedback loops. The more qualitative works require extensive field observations and in-depth interviews with different stakeholders.

3.1.6 Modeling Individuals’ Time Allocation between Activities in Virtual and Physical Spaces

Principal Investigator: Professor Donggen Wang Exercise Period: January 2009 – December 2011 Source of Funding: GRF Amount Awarded: HK$861,280 Brief Introduction Time allocation to daily activities in physical space has been an important topic of activity-based travel behavior analysis for decades. The penetration of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) into individuals’ daily life has led to more time spent in virtual space for activities such as internet-based browsing, shopping and entertainment. The fact that every person has a time constraint of 24 hours a day implies that if more time spent for activities in virtual space, less time might be used for activities and travel in physical space. Alternatively, activities in virtual space may lead to more activities and travel in physical space. Without consideration of this fact, it will be difficult, if not impossible, to fully understand and accurately predict individuals’ activity-travel

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behavior in the physical space. Thus, we believe that the existing studies on the interactions between ICT and activity-travel behavior should be extended to analyze how individuals allocate their time between activities in virtual and physical spaces. This research project is proposed to develop a model that helps analyze individuals’ activity choice and time allocation in virtual and physical spaces. To account for the discrete nature of activity choice and the continuous nature of time allocation, the proposed study will extend the discrete-continuous modeling framework to account for the complexities involved in the research question: the choice of which set of activities to conduct; where to conduct (in physical space, virtual space or both) and for the chosen activities how much time should be allocated to. Empirical data on activity participation and time use in virtual and physical spaces will be collected to calibrate the model. The model will be used to investigate the bi-directional interactions between activities and time use in physical and virtual spaces and their implications for physical travel. It may also be applied to analyze the impacts of social, economical and spatial factors on the allocation of time to virtual and physical activities and their implications for travel. The proposed research will be the first attempt to adopt the time allocation approach to studying interactions between ICT and activity-travel behavior. It will contribute to the literature with a novel and potentially useful model to assess not only the impacts of virtual activities on physical activities but also the impacts of physical activities on virtual activities. The research is highly relevant for Hong Kong because of her leading position in ICT applications in the world.

3.1.7 Geographic concentration and the dynamics of changes of Chinese industries Principal Investigator: Doctor Yuk-shing Cheng Exercise Period: June 2010 - May 2011 Source of Funding: Faculty Research Grant (FGR1/09-10/069) Amount Awarded: HK$46,900 Brief Introduction This project aims to investigate China’s regional disparity from the

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perspective of the New Economic Geography, which studies factors affecting the agglomeration and dispersion of economic activities in the spatial context. When China started its reforms and open-up in 1979, she adopted a regional development strategy that favoured the coastal region. Preferential policies were provided to coastal provinces to promote their economic growth, resulting in a growing concentration of economic activities in this region. As the socio-economic costs of such an unbalanced strategy increased, the Chinese government has launched several new strategies to help other regions to quicken their economic development since the late 1990s. They include the implementation of the “Western Development Strategy” in 1999, the strategy of “Reinvigorating the Northeastern China” in 2002, and the strategy of “Promoting the Rise of the Central Region” in 2005. This project employs new empirical techniques developed in the literature of the New Economic Geography to study the geographic concentration of Chinese industry and its dynamic changes over time. In particular, it will evaluate whether the concentration of industries in the coastal region has changed or not in the past decade.

3.1.8 Islamic Endowments [the Waqf] and the Chinese Ancestral [Tong]: A Comparative Appraisal of the Evolution of Ethical Capitalism, 1830-2007

Principal Investigator: Professor Stephanie P.Y. Chung, Professor Brown Raj Exercise Period: 2009 - present Source of Funding: GRF Amount Awarded: HK$1,138,600

Brief Introduction The common holding of property defined through lineage and territorial identity of the Tong was a critical focus of Chinese diasporas in Hong Kong, Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore. Properties were always held in the name of ancestors, where mutual compassion and material motivations were coordinated through the Tongs. Similarly, the Islamic Waqf is often established by a wealthy patriarch seeking to avoid fragmentation of his assets through taxation or family tensions. The buildings of mosques,

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madrasahs, public kitchens, dissemination of religious publications were all transferred to the Waqf. These institutions held remittance houses (cash Waqf) and were active in shipping, monopolizing the Hajj traffic (on pilgrimage to Mecca) and held corporations in export-import trade. The focus of this research is to investigate how far the Islamic Waqf and the Chinese Tong operated as distinct models of capitalism among the diasporic Muslims and Chinese respectively in Southern China and Southeast Asia. The research is initially based on six detailed case studies, which will provide information to compare how financial institutions evolved in different cultures and to uncover whether and how these institutions provided a framework for modern business. The knowledge will ultimately provide invaluable insights to facilitate economic exchange between different cultures and will make a difference to the way the history of capitalism can be understood.

3.1.9 Investigations on Issues and Methods of Multi-scale Digital

Terrain Analysis

Principal Investigator: Professor Qiming Zhou Exercise Period: September 2009 - February 2012 Source of Funding: GRF Amount Awarded: HK$312,000 Brief Introduction Preventing or minimising losses in human life and property caused by natural disasters such as flood and landslide has prompted continuing effort in resource and environment management. Although the prevention of such disasters is still far beyond human control, losses may be minimised if the risk of such disasters can be reliably modelled and forecasted for a local catchment. This demands the quantitative knowledge of the water budget, which in turn requires reliable estimation of morphological parameters of the landscape. Such parameters also form a foundation for environmental applications such as flood and landslide monitoring and prediction, water conservation and soil erosion modelling. Digital terrain models (DTM) have been employed to present topographic form of terrain in the past decades. They are however,

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relatively less successful to derive quantitative parameters for geo-science and environmental applications. This is partially due to the insufficient accuracy of the derivatives that is largely affected by the issues such as data quality, analytical scales and terrain modelling methods. This project attempts to investigate issues and methodology of multi-scale digital terrain analysis based on grid-based digital elevation models (DEM). The focus is on the methods of deriving critical terrain parameters and features for applications at various scales based on a single-resolution grid-based DEM, as well as on the estimation of the uncertainties of the DEM derivatives caused by the variation of application scales. A multi-scale data structure for digital terrain analysis will be developed based on multiple levels of significant points (or the ‘turning points’) of the terrain surface, which are extracted from a grid-based DEM using methods of terrain feature point and line identification. A dynamic triangulated irregular network (TIN) will be constructed on the terrain significant points, and methods will then be developed to derive terrain parameters or extract terrain features from the integrated multi-scale data structure. Uncertainties of the derivatives will be evaluated and modelled, using a data-independent accuracy assessment method as well as the real-world test. The sensitivity and solution space of the proposed method will also be analysed. It is expected that the outcome of the project will provide a reliable basis for the estimation of critical terrain parameters such as flow volume and catchment area at the optimum scale matching the application demands.

3.1.10Remote Sensing Change Detection and Spatio-temporal Analysis on Environmental Impacts by the Expansion of Irrigated Farmland

Expansion in Aridzone of China

Principal Investigator: Professor Qiming Zhou Exercise Period: September 2007 - August 2010 Source of Funding: GRF Amount Awarded: HK$317,000

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Brief Introduction Land cover change is one of the most sensitive indicators that echo the interactions between human activities and natural environment. In arid environment, the rapid expansion of cultivated land in the marginal region has destroyed native range-land vegetation cover and caused intensive competition on limited water resource. The proposed research is to investigate the environmental impacts due to rapid expansion of cultivated land in the marginal area of aridzone of western China. Multi-temporal satellite imagery will be used to create a spatio-temporal image of changing farmland since the early 1990s when the national and local governments’ policy stimulated considerable investment on irrigated agriculture in the fringe area of deserts. Landscape metric commonly employed in ecological studies will be applied to this spatio-temporal image and change trajectory of farmland will be established. It is expected that the spatiotemporal pattern of the farmland change can be revealed by the interpretation of the landscape metric so that areas and sequence of farmland growth can be identified. The goal of the study is to develop a practical methodology for assessing the growth limit under constrains of water resource, environmental vulnerability and sustainability of the growth.

3.1.11 Investigation on Self-adaptive Digital Terrain Analysis and Surface Flow Simulation

Principal Investigator: Professor Qiming Zhou Exercise Period: March 2011- August 2012 Source of Funding: FRG2/10-11/032 Amount Awarded: HK$100,000

Brief Introduction Preventing or minimizing losses in human life and property caused by natural disasters such as flood and landslide has prompted continuing effort in resource and environment management. Although the prevention of such disasters is still far beyond human control, losses may be minimized if the risk of such disasters can be reliably modeled and forecasted for a local catchment. This demands the quantitative knowledge of the water budget, which in turn requires reliable estimation of morphological parameters of the

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landscape. This project attempts to investigate the methodology of self-adaptive digital terrain analysis based on grid-based digital elevation models (DEM). The focus is on the methods of deriving critical terrain parameters and features for applications at various scales based on a single-resolution grid-based DEM, as well as on the estimation of dynamic surface flow. A self-adaptive data structure for digital terrain analysis will be developed based on multiple levels of significant points (or the turning points) of the terrain surface, which are extracted from a grid-based DEM using methods of terrain feature point and line identification. A dynamic triangulated irregular network (TIN) will be constructed on the terrain significant points, and methods will then be developed to derive flow path and corresponding terrain parameters for flow simulation. It is expected that the outcome of the project will provide a reliable basis for the estimation and simulation of critical terrain parameters such as flow volume and catchment area at the optimum scale matching the application demands.

3.1.12 Examining the Influence of Uncertainty in Urban Morphology Parameters Towards Air Quality Studies in Hong Kong

Principal Investigator: Professor Qiming Zhou Exercise Period: January 2011 - December 2011 Source of Funding: FRG1/10-11/015 Amount Awarded: HK$50,000

Brief Introduction Urban morphological studies identify and analyze urban fabric such as plot, streets, open space and constructed space. Recent researches focus on analyzing the relationships between urban morphology and air quality while others focus on the atmospheric circulations within various types of urban morphological parameters (UMPs). However, the UMPs are uncertainty due to 1) computation methods, 2) analyzing unit, and 3) data scale. Without examining the uncertainty in UMPs, relationships between urban morphology and urban air quality can be unreliable and hinder the decision-making processes. Therefore, this research aims at 1)

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examining the uncertainty in UMPs, and 2) demonstrating how the uncertainty in UMPs influences the results of urban air quality study. First, we examine the uncertainty in calculating the UMPs. Five selected UMPs are calculated using different computation methods, analyzing units and data scale. Results are shown in maps and descriptive statistics. Second, we apply the results from previous section to a simple air quality study. Comparisons are made between air quality data from seven Environmental Protection Department (EPD) monitoring sites, traffic data, and UMPs with and without uncertainty. The research outcomes will contribute our understandings on relationship between urban air quality and urban morphology, as well as the planning of future urban air monitoring network.

3.2 Research Outputs of CURS Fellows

Doctor Yuk Shing Cheng Book chapters: • (2011) “China’s Foreign Trade: From Self-Reliance to

Outward-Orientation,” in Lai-Ha Chan, Gerald Chan, and Fung Kwan (eds.), China at Sixty: Interactions between the Global and the Local, Singapore: World Scientific Press, p.139-161.

• (2010) “Recovery and Growth of the Asian Economies”, in G. Lin

and K.Y. Wong (ed.), The Boao Forum for Asia, Annual Report 2009: The Progress of Asian Economic Integration, University of International Business and Economics Press, p.1-3.

Conference paper: • (April 2011) “Geographic Concentration, Regional Specialization

and Productivity Growth of Chinese Industries”, paper presented on 20 April, 2011, Department of Economics, University of Macau.

Professor Cindy Y. Y. Chu Journal papers:

26

• (July 2011) “The Long History of United Front Activity in Hong Kong,” Hong Kong Journal. http://www.hkjournal.org/archive/2011_fall/5.htm.

• (February 2011) “Human Trafficking and Smuggling in Asia,”

Asian Profile, Vol. 39, No. 1. • (February 2011) “Hong Kong, the United States, and Business

Concerns”, Working Paper Series, Paper Number 108 (Hong Kong: David C. Lam Institute for East-West Studies (LEWI)), 23 pages.

• (January 2011) “Human Trafficking and Smuggling in China,”

Journal of Contemporary China (listed in SSCI), Vol. 20, No. 68, pp. 39-52.

Book edited: • (October 2010) Chinese Communists and Hong Kong Capitalists:

1937-1997, (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, October 2010). Book chapter: • (2011)〈第十二章 拘留される「外国人」の待遇と心理状態

―日本占領時期の香港スタンレー強制収容所〉【編者】貴志俊彦（Kishi, Toshihiko）《地域研究のフロンティア 1 近代アジアの自画像と他者──地域社会と「外国人」問題》，(京都：京都大学学術出版会，2011)，頁 285-310。

Doctor Him Chung Book chapter: • (With Tang, W.S.) (2010) “Social Justice and Illegal Construction

in China: A Case-study of Tianhe Village, Guangzhou”, in Tang, W.S. & Mizuoka, F. (eds), A Critical Geography Perspective, Tokyo:Kokon Shoin, Japan, pp. 199-217.

Conference papers: • (May 2011) “A Comparative Study of the Planning of

Villages-In-The-City in Guangzhou and Shenzhen”, paper presented at the 2nd International Conference on China's Urban

27

Transition and City Planning, Cardiff School of City and Regional Planning, Cardiff University, UK, 27-28 May 2011.

• (February 2011)〈城中村的啓示：城市發展的社會議題〉，發表

於香港大學通識敎育之《勇闖中國二線城市講座二》，香港，

香港大學，2011 年 2 月 21 日。 • (With Woo, K. Y.) (November 2010) “The Building of Sustainable

Community in Hong Kong”, paper presented at the Hong Kong Geography Day, Hong Kong, 27 November 2010.

• (December 2010) “The Meaning of 'People Centred' in China's

Urban Planning”, paper presented at the International Conference on China Urban Development, Hong Kong, 7-8 December 2010.

• (August 2010) “The Migrant as a Nexus Social Relation: An

Empirical Analysis”, paper presented at the conference on Migration Issue of China, HKBU, 24 August 2010.

Professor Stephanie P.Y. Chung Journal paper: • (2010) “Chinese Tong as British Trust: Institutional Collisions and

Legal Disputes in Urban Hong Kong, 1860s – 1980s.” Modern Asian Studies (Cambridge University Press) vol. 44.6 (2010):1148-1166.

Book chapter: • (2010) “Yan Sang – Origin, Rejuvenation & Succession Crisis,”

in Victor Cheng & Mark Chow (eds.), Chinese Family Business –Transformation & Succession, Hong Kong: Hong Kong Institute for Humanities and Social Sciences, pp.18-43.

Conference paper: • (October 2010) “Connecting Shanghai, Hong Kong, and

Singapore - the Story of the Shaw Brothers (1920s -1950s)” presented at Conference on “New Perspectives on Chinese Film Industry, New Methods, New Histories,” organized by the David

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C. Lam Institute for East-West Studies (LEWI), Hong Kong Baptist University, October 2010.

Doctor Gina W. F Lai Conference papers • (With Lu, Yao and Danching Ruan) (August 2010) “Social

Capital and Economic Integration of Migrants in Urban China.”, paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association, August, Atlanta, 14-17 August 2010.

• (With Danching Ruan) (August 2010) "Self-employment of Rural

Migrants in Urban Shanghai." Paper presented at the Conference on Migration Issues of China, Hong Kong, 24 August 2010.

Professor Si-ming Li

Journal papers: • (With Eddie Hui, Francis Wong and Ka Hung Yu) (2011)

“Integration, identity and conflicts: a cross-border perspective on residential relocation of Hong Kong citizens to mainland China”, Habitat International, 35(1): 74-83.

• (2010) “Mortgage Loan as a Means of Home Finance in Urban

China: A Comparative Study of Guangzhou and Shanghai,” Housing Studies, 25(6): 857-876.

• (2010) “Evolving Residential and Employment Locations and

Patterns of Commute under Hyper Growth: the Case of Guangzhou, China,” Urban Studies, 47(8): 1643-1661.

• (With Li, Limei and Chen, Yingfang) (2010) “Better city, better

life, but for whom?: The hukou and resident card system and the consequential citizenship stratification in Shanghai”, City, Culture and Society, 1(3): 145-154.

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• (與侯全) (2010)〈誰將成為大珠江三角洲地區的首位城市，香港或廣州？——空間可達性視角的分析〉，《學術論文集》，第103 期，香港浸會大學，中國城市與區域研究中心。

• (With Shen, Jianfa, Wyly, Elvin and Tang, Wing-shing) (2010)

“Script of the Workshop “Writing and Publishing in Geography, Urban Studies and Contemporary China”, Occasional Paper Series, No. 101, Centre for China Urban and Regional Studies, Hong Kong Baptist University.

• (With Du, Huimin) (2010) “Migrants, Urban Villages, and

Community Sentiments: A case of Guangzhou, China”, Asian Geographer, Vol. 27, Nos. 1 and 2, 2010, pp. 93-108.

• (With Du, Huimin) (2010) “Migrants, Urban Villages, and

Community Sentiments: A case of Guangzhou, China”, Occasional Paper Series, No. 100, Centre for China Urban and Regional Studies, Hong Kong Baptist University.

Books Edited: • (2011) 《後金融海嘯時期的中國與東亞經濟協作》(Economic

Cooperation between China and East Asia Post Financial Tsunami)（香港：三聯書局，2011（預計）） (Hong Kong: Joint Publishers, forthcoming 2011) 李思名、黃枝連、薛鳳旋主編。(Edited by Si-ming Li, Chihlien Huang and Victor Sit)

• (2010)《新香港地理。上下冊》（香港：郊野公園之友、漁農

自然護理署、天地圖書有限公司共同出版，2010）A New Geography of Hong Kong. Vol. I and II. (Hong Kong: Friends of Country Park, Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, and Cosmos Books Ltd, 2010)。 詹志勇、李思名、馮通主編。Edited by C Y Jim, Si-ming Li and Tong Fung.

Book chapters: • (with Jim, C.Y. and Fung, Tung) (eds.) (2010) A New Geography

of Hong Kong, Volumes I & II, Hong Kong: Friends of the Country Parks and Cosmos Books Ltd.

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• (2010) “Housing and Urban Development: Political Economy and Space”, in Jim, C.Y., Li, S.M. and Fung, T., (eds.) A New Geography of Hong Kong, Volume II, Hong Kong: Friends of the Country Parks and Cosmos Books Ltd., pp. 37-69.

Conference papers: • (May 2011) (with Du, Huimin) “Satisfaction, Attachment, and

Migrants’ Intention to Stay: The Case of Guangzhou, China”, paper presented at the International Conference on China Urban Development, Hong Kong, 7-8 December 2010.

• (May 2011)〈中國的崛起和城市與經濟地理學〉，發表於「第

十四屆中華經濟協作系統國際會議」，佛光大學，宜蘭， 2011年 5 月 18 至 19 日。

• (May 2011) “China’s Re-eminence and Urban and Economic Geography”, paper presented at The 6th Annual Conference of the Asian Studies Association of Hong Kong, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 4-5 May 2011.

• (With Hou, Quan) (April 2011) “Spatial Restructuring, Rapid

Motorization, and Evolving Commute in Urban China: A Case Study of Guangzhou”, paper presented at the 2011 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG), Seattle, U.S., 12-16 April 2011.

• (with Li, Limei and Chen, Yingfang) (December 2010) “Stratified

Citizenship and Social Exclusion in Chinese Metropolis under Market Transition, With Special Reference to Shanghai”, paper presented at the International Conference on China Urban Development, Hong Kong, 7-8 December 2010.

• (December 2010) “Housing Inequality in China under Market

Deepening and Globalisation: A Study of Guangzhou Based on Survey Data”, paper presented at the International Conference on China Urban Development, Hong Kong, 7-8 December 2010.

• (與侯全) (November 2010)《大珠江三角洲地區交通設施建設與

空間可達性的轉變：2000-2009 年及以後》。發表於「數字城

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市群建設和管理學術研討會」，香港中文大學，2010 年 11 月25-26 日。

• (November 2010)《金融海嘯、經濟重心東移、與東亞房地產

泡沫：香港個案研究》。發表於「第 13 屆中華經濟協作系統國際會議」，復旦大學，上海，2010 年 11 月 8-11 日。

• (November 2010)《市場深化與中國城市住房分配——以廣州為例》。發表於「第四屆世界中國學論壇」，上海，2010 年 11月 5-7 日。

Doctor Danching Ruan Conference papers: • (With Lu, Yao and Gina Lai) (August 2010) “Social Capital and

Economic Integration of Migrants in Urban China.”, paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association, August, Atlanta, 14-17 August 2010.

• (With Fung, Ka Yi) (2010) Social Capital in the Creation of

Human Capital—A Study of Rural Students in Contemporary China”, paper presented at the International Social Network Conference, July, Riva Del Garda, Italy.

Professor Victor F.S. Sit Journal paper: • (With Xu, Z.) ( March 2011) 〈綠色商機：香港採用垃圾焚化的

必要〉，“A Green Business Opportunity: The Necessity for Hong Kong to Adopt Waste-to-Energy Technology”, Hong Kong Economic Journal Monthly, Vol. 406, No. 1.

Books edited: • (With Kwong CM) (April 2011)《新界鄉議局史：由租借地到一

國兩制》A History of Heung Yee Kuk, (Hong Kong: Joint Publishing (Hong Kong), 2011).

• (With Xia, B., Xu, Z., and Lee, Y.) ( July 2011) 《讓香港更清

潔—垃圾發電的發展與政策》“Building a Cleaner Hong Kong -A Study on the Development of Waste-to-Energy Technologies

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and its Implementation in Hong Kong”, (Hong Kong: Joint Publishing (Hong Kong), 2011).

• (2010) 《中國富強之路 – 前景與挑戰》 “China's Transition to

a Global Power: Prospects and Challenges”, (Hong Kong: Joint Publishing (Hong Kong), 2011).

Book chapters: • (February 2011) 〈全球經濟大轉移中的機遇與戰略〉，《中國未

來三十年》 “China next 30 years”, (Hong Kong: Joint Publishing (Hong Kong), 2011), pp.356-394.

• (July 2010) 〈中國堀起與香港的新經濟〉，《當代港澳研究》

“Studies on Hong Kong and Macao”, (中山大學出版社), pp 67-75.

Conference papers: • (With Xu, Z.) (2011) “Waste-to-Energy in the Pearl River Delta:

Lessons for Hong Kong”, presented in the International Conference on Solid Waste 2011: Towards Sustainable Resource Management, Hong Kong, China, May 2011.

• (With Xu, Z.) (2011) “The EMR as a Feature of Regional

Development and Its Implication to China”, presented in the Regional Studies Association International Conference, Pécs, Hungary, May 2010.

Professor Donggen Wang Journal papers: • (With Sirisoma, R.M.N.T., Wong, S.C., Lam, W.H.K., Yang, H. and

Zhang, P. (2010) “Empirical evidence for taxi customer-search model”. Transport 163(4), 203-210.

• (With Y. Chai and F. Li) (2011), “Built environment diversities and activity-travel behavior variations in Beijing, China”. Journal of Transport Geography, Vol. 19, Pages 1173-1186.

Conference papers:

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• (With Li, Fei) (April 2011) ““Are people happier spending time on physical activities or virtual activities?” ,paper presented at the 2011 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG), Seattle, U.S., 12-16 April 2011.

• (With Sun, Bingxia) (April 2011) “Identifying activity type and

trip purpose from data collected by passive GPS”, paper presented at the 2011 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG), Seattle, U.S., 12-16 April 2011.

• (With Li, Fei) (April 2011) “Segregated in the virtual space: mapping social divide in an information society” ,paper presented at the 2011 Annual Meeting of the Association of American Geographers (AAG), Seattle, U.S., 12-16 April 2011.

• (With Li, Fei) (December 2010) “Exploring the Subjective

Well-Being of Daily Travel by Core Affect Measures”, paper presented at the 15th International Conference of Hong Kong Society for Transportation Studies, 11-14 December 2010.

• (With Sun, Bingxia) (December 2010) “Collecting Data o

Individuals’ Activity Participation And Time Spending in Physical and Virtual Worlds: Experiences From A Recent Survey” , paper presented at the 15th International Conference of Hong Kong Society for Transportation Studies, 11-14 December 2010.

• (With Li, Fei) (December 2010) “From Digital Divide to

Information Inequality: Virtual Segregation of ICT Users in Hong Kong”, paper presented at the International Conference on China Urban Development, Hong Kong, 7-8 December 2010.

• (September 2010) “Methods for Deducing Activity-travel

Behavior Information from Passive GPS Data: State-of-the-art” at the 7th International Symposium on LBS (Location-Based Service) and Telecartography, held in Guangzhou, China, 20-22 September 2010.

Professor Kenneth K. K. Wong Journal papers:

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• (April 2011) “Towards a light-green society for Hong Kong, China: citizen perceptions”, International Journal of Environmental Studies, 68(2): 209-227.

• (With Yu, Xiaojiang) (2011) “Environmental Performance of

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Companies in the Pearl River Delta Region (PRDR): a case study of Dongguan City”, Australian Geographer, 42(1):79-93.

• (2010) “Urban Open Space System in Northern Kowloon

Peninsula: An Emerging Green Infrastructure Network in Hong Kong”, Asian Geographer, 27(1-2): 13-28.

• (With Yan,Yuk Yee and Cheng, Ho-yan) (2010) “Summer

Thermal Comfort in Urban Open Space in Hong Kong”, International Journal of Meteorology, 35(353): 298-306.

Conference papers: • (May 2011) “Adaption to Climate Change: The Sustainability

Challenge for Hong Kong”, Proceedings of the 17th Annual International Sustainable Development Research Conference—Moving Toward a Sustainable Future: Opportunities and Challenges, Columbia University, New York City, USA, 8-10 May 2011, pp. 241-242.

• (May 2011) “The Public Endorsement of the Domestic Solid

Waste Levy Scheme: Citizen’s Perception in Hong Kong”, Proceedings of the International Conference on Solid Waste 2011—Moving Towards Sustainable Resource Management, Hong Kong, China, 2-6 May 2011, pp.295-297.

• (With Leung, Ka Wai) (Nov 2010) “Urban Park Connector Networks in Hong Kong: Preliminary Analysis”, paper presented at the Hong Kong Geography Day 2010, Hong Kong, 27 November 2010.

• (With Leung, Ka Wai) (November 2010) “Commuting Between

Parks: Visitor's Perception on Urban Park Connector Networks in Hong Kong”, paper presented at the Hong Kong Geography Day 2010, Hong Kong, 27 November 2010.

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• (With Leung, K.W.) (November 2010) “Urban Park Connectors in

Kwun Tong, Hong Kong”, in: Maruthaveeran, S., Yahya, N.A. and Mohd.Noor, A.A. (eds.), Proceedings of the Urban Forestry Conference 2009: Lesson for Sustainable Development, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia, 17-19 November 2009, pp.51-59.

• (November 2010) “Green Infrastructure Network in Hong Kong:

A Connectivity Analysis of Urban Open Space in the Kowloon Peninsula”, paper presented at the conference on International Federation of Parks and Recreation Administration (IFPRA) World Congress Hong Kong 2010, Hong Kong, 15-18 November 2010.

Doctor Xiaojiang Yu Journal papers: • (With Koon Kwai Wong) (2011) “Environmental Performance of

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Companies in the Pearl River Delta Region (PRDR): a case study of Dongguan City”. Australia Geographer, 42(1):79-93.

Conference paper: • (With Serey Sok) (May 2011) “ Bottlenecks in achieving the

community fishery (CF) management: a case study in Krakor District along Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia”, paper presented in the first International Conference on International Relations and Development (ICIRD), Thammasat University, Bangkok, 19-20 May 2011

Professor Qiming Zhou Journal paper: • (With Chen, Y) (January 2011) “Generalisation of DEM for

Terrain Analysis Using a Compound Method”, ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 66(1):38-45, doi:10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2010.08.005, Jan 2011.

Book chapter:

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• (With Sun, B) (August 2010) “Spatial Pattern Analysis of Water-driven Land Cover Change in Aridzone, Northwest of China, in Advances”, in E. Chuvieco, J. Li and X. Yang (eds.), Advances in Earth Observation of Global Change, Springer, Doudrecht, pp. 17-26.

Conference papers: • (February 2011) “Self-adaptive Scale Digital Terrain Analysis and

Modelling”, Paper presented at the seminar in Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, CUHK, Hong Kong, 25 February 2011.

• (With Sun, B) (November 2010) “The Analysis on the

Spatio-temporal Pattern of Urban Development in the Pearl River Delta Region”, Proceedings of the 3rd Environmental Remote Sensing Conference of the Pearl River Delta Region, (unpaged CDROM), 10-11 November 2010.

• (November 2010) “Trends in Remote Sensing and Tasks of ISPRS

WG VII/5”, paper presented at the invited workshop on Remote Sensing Methods for Change Detection and Process Modelling, Cologne, Germany, 18-19 November 2010.

• (September 2010) “(Keynotes Presentation) Digital Dynamic

Simulation of Surface Flow (地表水流的數字動態模擬)”, paper presented at the 2010 Annual Conference of the Geospatial Information Theory and Method Commission of the Chinese Association of GIS (中國地理信息系統協會理論與方法委員會2010 年學術研討會), Shanghai, China, 28-29 September 2010.

• (September 2010) “A Comparative Analysis of the Design of

Ancient Eastern and Western Maps”, paper presented at the International Cartographic Association Workshop on Theories of Map Design in Digital Era, Hong Kong, 23-25 September 2010.

• (September 2010) “Improvement of Urban Land Use and Land

Cover Classification Approach in Arid Areas”, Proceedings of the Remote Sensing Symposium 2010 (SPIE 2010), Toulouse, France, SPIE, 20-23 September 2010, 7830H.

37

• (With Qian, J., Yuan, Y., Peng, S. and Ma, Y.) (July 2010) “Land

Use/cover Change and Landscape Fragmentation Analysis in an Urbanizing Area in Xinjiang”, Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics, Qingdao, Shandong, China, 11 July 2010, pp. 1120-1125.

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3.3 Occasional Papers

To facilitate academic exchange and to disseminate research findings in the quickest manner, CURS has launched an occasional paper series, with Prof. Wing Shing Tang serving as the Chief Editor. Authors of CURS Occasional Papers include Centre’s fellows and other staff members of HKBU, as well as scholars from other academic institutions in Hong Kong, Mainland China, and overseas. In the period July 2010 - June 2011, a total of 4 occasional papers were published. The paper abstracts are available on the CURS website (www.hkbu.edu.hk~curs). The full papers are priced at HK$30 per copy. Subscribers of CURS Occasional Papers include libraries of local and overseas universities and research units of business enterprises. Below is a list of CURS Occasional Papers published over the period. The abstracts of the occasional papers are given in Appendix 1.

List of CURS Occasional Papers Published from July 2010 to June 2011

No. Title Author

100 Migrants, Urban Villages, and

Community Sentiments: A case of Guangzhou, China

Si-ming Li, Humin DU (July 2010)

101

Script of the workshop “Writing and Publishing in Geography,

Urban Studies and Contemporary China”

Si-ming Li, Jianfa Shen, Wing Shing Tang, Elvin

Wyly (September 2010)

102 經濟發展進程中的農民土地權益問題 林 卿 (December 2010)

103 誰將成為大珠江三角洲地區的首位城市，香港或廣州？——空間可達性視

角的分析

侯全,李思名 (December 2010)

39

4 Financial Review (1 July 2010 – 30 June 2011) Amount (HKD)Previous Balance on 30 June 2010 805,962.04

Income (+) A. Hong Kong Baptist University Research Committee (RC)

standard allocation 110,000.00B. Investment Interests/ Income Interests 35,111.12C. Income from selling CURS occasional papers and books 982.95D. Full-time staff Salary supported by Director’s research account 25,072.87

Total Income 171,166.94Expenditure (-)

A. Staffing 1. Full-time staff Salary supported by CURS account 124,7402. Full-time staff Salary supported by Director’s research account

25,072.87

3. Helpers 577.5 Subtotal of Staffing Costs 150,390.37 B. General Expenses 1. Computer expenditures and reference materials 9,1332. Hospitality expenses 7985.093. Photocopying 814. Postage 1999.105. Printing and publication 7,858.46. Stationary 3,7557. Fax and telecom 327.808. Travelling 5262.219. Conference / Board meeting 22,076.5510. Miscellaneous 20,902.3211. Reference materials (204)12. Newspaper /Periodical 61213. Admin/Service fee 98.3014. Accommodation 9,180 Subtotal of General Expenses 89,066.77

Total Expenditure (A+B) 239,457.14Total Income – Total Expenditure -68,290.20

Balance Brought forward to Year 2011/2012 737,671.84

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5. On-going Activities and Future Development

5.1 Chinese Urban Spatio-Temporal Developments in Perspective Jointly with Professor Martin Dijst of Utrecht University, the

Netherlands, CURS Associate Director is organizing sessions(s) on the captioned theme for Association of American Geographers (AAG) Annual Meeting, New York, USA, February 24-28, 2012. The purpose of the sessions is to address differences and similarities in urbanization, mobility, housing, social and environmental issues between Chinese cities and with non-Chinese cities in Asia, Europe, the USA or elsewhere. So far, we have attracted a total of 15 submissions from different parts of the world.

5.2 Time-Geographic Analysis of Urban Social Sustainability

Jointly with Dr Steven Farber of University of Utah, U.S.A. and Dr Tijs Neutens of University of Gent, Belgium, CURS Associate Director is organizing sessions(s) on the captioned theme for Association of American Geographers (AAG) Annual Meeting, New York, USA, February 24-28, 2012. The purpose of the sessions is to gather scholars and researchers to exchange latest studies on the empirical analysis of social conditions in urban areas from the time-geographic perspective, including topics on social exclusion/interaction, subjective wellbeing, inequalities in access, etc.    

 

5.3 Special Issue on Spatio-Temporal Perspective on Urban China’s Mobility, Housing and Social Issues for Urban Geography

Jointly with Prof. Mei-Po Kwan, Department of Geography, Ohio State University, U.S.A., CURS Associate Director, Prof. Wang Donggen is organizing a special issue for papers presented at the symposium on Space-time integration in geography and GIScience in April 2011 in Seattle, U.S.A. The Special issue proposal has been approved by Urban Geography, a leading journal in geography and urban planning. Prof Donggen Wang and Prof. Mei-Po Kwan are the guest editors for the special issue

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5.4 Book project: Space-Time Integration in Geography and GIScience: Research Frontiers in the US and China

Jointly with Prof. Mei-Po Kwan of Department of Geography, Ohio State University, U.S.A., Dr Douglas Richardson, American Association of Geographers, and Prof. Chenghu Zhou of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CURS Associate Director, Prof. Wang Donggen is organizing a book project on the captioned topic. The book aims to invite contributions from the most influential scholars in the fields in China and United States. A major international publisher has agreed to publish the book.

5.5 Editorial Office for Asian Geographer: an international journal

published by Routledge of Taylor and Francis

Since January 2011, CURS Associate Director, Prof. Wang Donggen has been the Editor-in-Chief of Asian Geographer. CURS is now hosting the editorial office of the journal.

6. Overall Self Evaluations

In the academic years 2010-11 CURS continued its efforts in enhancing HKBU’s role in promoting research and academic exchange on China’s urban and regional development. It continued to build its national and international research networks in the pursuit of excellence in academic research and communication, and further established its position as an important hub for the study of China’s cities and regions. The Director, Associate Director and fellows of the Centre were actively engaged in research and made constant appearance in international conferences. They were also rather successful in the bid for GRF, FRG and other competitive research grants and in getting their works published in leading journals and as books or book chapters by reputed publishing houses.

Under the leadership of Professor Li, CURS has since its founding made substantial impacts on the international academic arena in the realm of China urban and regional studies and is becoming an important platform and hub for academics who are interested in studying China’s urban and

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regional issues. Professor Li recently took up the Directorship of the David C Lam Institute of East-West Studies and stepped down as the Centre’s Director on 30 June 2011. He was succeeded by Professor Donggen Wang, who served as the Centre’s Associate Director since 2007. Under Professor Wang’s leadership, CURS will enter a new phase of development. In the years to come, given the University’s increased emphasis on inter-disciplinary research, especially in response to recent policies initiatives promulgated by the University Grants Committee, the role of CURS as one of the research arms of the University will be enhanced further. We will maintain and further develop our good relations and collaborative efforts with different academic units of the University, particularly the Department of Geography, the Faculty of Social Sciences, and the Advanced Institute for Contemporary China Studies, as well as academics and research institutes elsewhere in Hong Kong, on the mainland and overseas.

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Appendix 1: Occasional Paper Abstracts, No. 100 – 103 Occasional Paper No. 100 (July 2010) Migrants, Urban Villages, and Community Sentiments: A case of Guangzhou, China Si-ming Li, Humin Du The hundreds of millions of migrant workers from China’s vast rural hinterlands today constitute a significant part of the urban labour force. Residence in urban villages, to them, is a preferred and in most cases the only affordable choice. This study provides a systematic account of the profiles of migrants in urban villages and explores their sentiments towards the community as revealed by the levels of community satisfaction and community attachment. The results show that, while the urban villages offer no more than a shelter, migrants in such villages are integrated into the city in a certain manner. Community sentiments are mainly built upon the perceptions of neighbourhood quality and neighbourly relations, in addition to the effects of local involvement as well as migrants’ social networks within the community. Occasional Paper No. 101 (September 2010) Writing and Publishing in Geography, Urban Studies and Contemporary China Si-ming Li, Jianfa Shen, Wing Shing Tang, Elvin Wyly The seminar “Writing and Publishing in Geography, Urban Studies and Contemporary China” was held for all those who were interested in writing high-quality papers and publishing their works. The four speakers, include Prof. Elvin Wyly, Co-editor of Urban Geography, and Member of the Editorial Board, GeoJournal, Housing Policy Debate, City, Geography Compass, and Urban Affairs Review and Prof. Jianfa Shen, Executive Member of the Editorial Board, China Review, Prof. Wing-shing Tang, East Asia Editor and Member of the Editorial Board, Human Geography: A New Radical Journal and also, Prof. Si-ming LI, Member of the editorial board of China Review and Journal of

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Geographical Science, and Member of the International Advisory Board, Housing Studies. In the seminar, each of the speakers presented ideas to and shared their experiences with more than 40 teaching faculties and students from Hong Kong Baptist University, the University of Hong Kong and the Chinese University of Hong Kong. Occasional Paper No. 102 (December 2010) 經濟發展進程中的農民土地權益問題 林 卿 農民土地權益問題始終是經濟發展進程中最敏感、最尖銳的問題。中

國經濟發展進程中農民土地權益問題會更加突出，由於其特殊的發展

背景與制度安排。本文研究以中國經濟發展進程中農民土地權益問題

的制度性根源為切入點，首先，梳理 1949 年以來農地制度與農民土

地權益演變過程，其次，用產權經濟學理論分析農村土地集體所有制

與農村土地承包權的內涵，最後，在上述實證與理論分析的基礎上，

對農地農用中農民土地權益，農地徵收中農民土地權益與集體建設用

地配置中農民土地權益，作進一步分析。文章闡明：制度中的農民土

地權益與現實中的農民土地權益是相對應的，從一個比較長的時期來

看，制度中的農民土地權益演變過程就是現實中的農民土地權益演變

過程；農村土地集體所有制的特徵是產權殘缺，本質是永久的農地使

用權，改革開放後，農村土地承包權的發展是農村土地集體所有制內

涵演變的核心；在現行制度框架下，中國農民的土地權益可分為三個

部分，一是農地農用中的農民土地權益，二是征地中的農民土地權

益，三是集體建設用地配置中的農民土地權益；農地農用中農民土地

權益的流失主要在土地承包權的非志願流轉環節，根源在於土地集體

所有制使產權不清，侵權導致農民土地權益流失，以及土地流轉市場

不完善，小規模經營機會成本高，土地拋荒等，導致農民土地權益流

失；征地中農民土地權益流失的根源在於殘缺的所有權，制度只給了

農民農地農用的權益，這是現實中農民土地權益流失最嚴重的部份，

只有進一步改革農地制度，才能真正解決征地中的農民土地權益問

題；大量集體建設用地形成是制度與經濟發展的產物，集體建設用地

配置中農民土地權益流失與征地中農民土地權益流失本質上是一樣

的，根源都在於制度，在於同地不同權，因此不同價的制度安排。但

是，有關集體建設用地配置中的農民土地權益，政策的表達已有很大

的創新，我們有理由期待，它將成為農村土地集體所有制制度創新的

突破口。

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Occasional Paper No. 103 (December 2010) 誰將成為大珠江三角洲地區的首位城市，香港或廣州？——空間可達

性視角的分析

侯全,李思名 本文從空間可達性的視角，分析 1990 年至 2020 年間香港和廣州在大

珠江三角洲地區（大珠三角）首位城市競逐中的對比。兩個城市到區

內其他城市的平均旅行時間方面，廣州一直處於有利地位，與大珠三

角西部的交通聯繫優勢尤為明顯。港珠澳大橋落成後，香港與大珠三

角西部的聯繫雖明顯加強，但仍然落後于廣州；就與大珠三角東部的

交通聯繫而言，香港有微弱優勢。經濟影響力方面，香港在此前一直

佔據主導地位；然而，在今後 10 年內，若兩個城市維持各自過去 5

年內的經濟增長態勢，廣州的經濟規模將接近香港；再加上廣州與區

內城市相對更加便捷的交通聯繫，廣州的影響力恐將超越香港。

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