cyber bullyingchurch


You have received Text messages


You have sent Text messages


Watched YouTube video


Your mobile phone has features you don't know how to use


Know what twitter is


Know what “blogs” are


Read some blogs


Taken a picture with a phone


Have your own Facebook or MySpace or Bebo page


Ever used a mobile phone to access the Internet


Had a conversation with anyone about how to stay safe online


Bought an item on eBay


Sold one


Participated in an online game at any stage?


Authored a YouTube video


Use a GPS


Use a GPS on your phone


Published (at least) one blog or wiki


Cleaned up from a virus or spyware attack


You know the password for your wireless internet access at home


You are the one who will set up the new computer/TV/set top box/home theatre system for your house


and for your mother


and for those poor few still standing…


YOU are the one everyone blames when the technology fails in your house –

and maybe at work.


John Clear

ICT Education Consultant (& Parent)


Their Space

Young people are spending their time in a space which adults find difficult to supervise or understand

Hannah Green and Celia Hannon“Their Space: Education for a digital generation”


Social NetworkingWhat is it?


Social NetworkingWhat’s the big deal?

Why is it important?


What is the Web?


Where does my internet data go?

Me

ISP

ISP

Larger ISP

Larger ISP

Regional ISP

Australian ISP

PacificISP

PacificISP

Friend


So…

many people can potentially see all the content anyone puts on the internet


Extract Information?

Spider Programs can

• find particular words on web pages

• find patterns in images

• find images with lots of skin

• find images with faces or bodies using face detection algorithms

• find patterns, skin etc in videos


Where could it go?

Your words and pictures

could be used

in pornography,

with violent imagery,

with obscene language,

in racist and hate propaganda

IN A WAY YOU DIDN’T EXPECTImage from: http://blog.celebsnapshot.com/2008/09/03/governor-sarah-palin-clad-in-bikini-with-firearm-in-hand.aspx accessed 26/7/2009


Social Networking


claims…

more than 600 million active users

50% of active users log on to Facebook in any given day

average user has 130 friends


Other Social Networking Sites


Flickr CC licensed image by Ollie Crafoord

Flickr CC licensed image by Ken Banks Kiwanja.net

Flickr CC licensed image by Robert scoble

Flickr CC licensed image by adpowers


512

512


Should you friend a student?

Photos of Spanky512 | Spanky512’s Profile


Flickr CC image by bdjsb7 / Justin Moore


Should you friend a student?

Photos of Spanky512 | Spanky512’s Profile


Think before you post


What happens if you change your mind about material you have put on the internet?

web.archive.org

Web site which stores copies of other web sites for archiving

so you can look up a web site from 1996!

It includes texts, audio, moving images, and software

as well as archived web pages.


Reputation Management


Facebook and the boss

Image by Sharyn Raggett

!!!!!


Keeping Up Appearances

or… “How come I’m not more beautiful?”


Privacy Issues


Privacy Issues

What to upload to the internet?


Are they really doing that?!


Cyber Bullying


Cyber bullying is a crime!

Section 545AB of the Crimes Act 1900 (amended) (NSW, Australia)

Flickr licensed image by Morning theft


What is Cyberbullying?

Cyber bullying is when an individual, or group, use the internet, mobile phones or other technology to intentionally hurt another person or group of people.

Flickr CC image by *mangu* wanders by mistake…


What is Cyberbullying?

Cyberbullying is different to normal bullying:

no escape – 24/7

broadcast repeatedly

anonymous.

less likely to tell

tend be nastier online than they ever would be face to face.


Star wars kid


Email


What can we do as parents?

CC Flickr Image by Ingorrr/Ingrid


Teach our children good habits

Photos, profile pics and Avatars

Username Spanky512 or John Clear or metaljar?

Your personal details

Personal details of others

What to do if someone sends you an offensive or inappropriate message


Take a walk in their shoes, be equipped!

CC Flickr Image by Klearchos Kapoutsis


Dipping your toe in the ‘online waters’

Blog

Wiki

Flickr photo account

Facebook

Twitter

Skype

Web 2.0Web 2.0


Current data

The Australian covert bullying prevalence study

Flickr licensed image by grahford


Extent of bullying

At school today, 100000 children will be bullied by the end of lunchtime in Australian schools


Flickr Creative Commons image by Foraggio

Fotographic


Prevalence

In a class of 30 students in Australia today:

3 are bullied “most days”

5 are bullied once a week

8 are bullied at least once a term

1-2 bully others “most days”


Overt and Covert bullying

Flickr image by beboehmer

Licensed image from Let’s Fight It Together –

childnet international


Covert bullying cycle of inaction

Normativeculture ofacceptanceof (covert)bullying

Poor teacher response due to inability or inexperience to recognise it, and/or beliefcovert bullying is lessharmful or not a form of bullying.

Student bullied feels less empowered due toteacher inaction.

Studentinvolvedbelieve covert bullying is tolerated or condoned

Students who are bullied are less likely to seekhelp or tell

Cross et al 2008


Examples of Cyberbullying

Teasing

Spreading rumours

Sending unwanted messages

Defamation

Masquerading as another person

Threatening violence via digital means


Stealing someone’s online name

Altering messages

Doctoring photographs

Secretly recording conversations

Posting damaging information

Internet polling

Examples of Cyberbullying


The effects of being bullied

impaired social and emotional adjustment (Nansel et al., 2001)

poor academic achievement(Beran & Lupart, 2009; Nansel et al., 2001)

anxiety, depression and suicidality(Kaltiala-Heino, Rimpela, Marttunen, Rimpela, & Rantanen, 1999)

poorer physical health(Wolke, Woods, Bloomfield, & Karstadt, 2001)

higher absenteeism(Strabstein & Piazza, 2008)

increased loneliness and low self esteem(Jankauskiene, Kardelis, Sukys, & Kardeliene, 2008)


Who bullies?

Boys and Girls

Cruel teasing and name calling most common

Boys

More overt/physical

Girls

More covert – threats, exclusion, rumours, using technology

(Jankauskiene, Kardelis, Sukys, & Kardeliene, 2008)


Why bully others?

Boys

Dominance

Power

Girls

Social confidence

Maintain exclusive group of friends

(Jankauskiene, Kardelis, Sukys, & Kardeliene, 2008)


But!

while children who are being bullied and the bullies themselves have higher levels of depression than other children…

…the bullies themselves have the highest levels of depression(Kaltiala-Heino et al., 2000; Kaltiala-Heino, Rimpela, Marttunen, Rimpela, & Rantanen, 1999)


Cyberbullying Terms

Flaming – heated exchange

Harassing and threatening messages eg: “text wars”, “griefers”

Denigration - sending nasty SMS, pictures or prank phone calls “Slam books” (websites or negative lists)

Impersonation - Using person’s screen name or password eg: message to hate group w/ personal details

Outing or trickery - sharing private personal information, messages, pictures with others

Posting “set up” images/video e.g. “happy slapping”

Ostracism - Intentionally excluding others from an online group eg: knocked off buddy lists

Sexting sharing explicit material by mobile phone


What we know…

Students who cyberbully others

access to mobile phone

no internet use rules at home

wireless internet access at home

bully others face to face

cyber and face to face bullied


Students who cyberbully others

male, secondary student

favourable attitudes to cyber bullying

below average academic achievement

more lonely and less connected to school

more likely to engage in unsafe sex, graffiti, use drugs more often, steal, truant

(Cross et al, 2008)

What we know…


Do we focus on the technologyor the behaviourto manage cyber bullying?

Flickr cc image by looking4poetry


What actions can be taken to tackle cyber bullying?

Mobilise bystanders

Flickr cc image by eightfivezero


What actions can schools take to prevent and manage cyber bullying?

The majority of peer interventions are effective, with the bullying stopping within 10 seconds of peer intervention (Hawkins et al., 2001)

Reconciliation occurred when bystanders intervened and less when teacher intervened. (Fujisawa et al, 2005)

Students who are ‘defended’ are better adjusted, and report less peer-reported victimisation one year later (Sainio, Veenstra, Huitsing, & Salmivalli, 2009)


What actions can we take to prevent and manage cyber bullying?

education

awareness

netiquette


Advice for students who report being cyberbullied

Keep a record

Tell someone

Contact your phone or internet service provider and report what is happening

If messages are threatening or serious, contact the police

Don't reply, block the sender

Change your contact details

Keep your username and passwords secret


What doesn’t seem to work?

Grouping children with problem behaviours

Exclusion by pro-social peers

Punishment only

Diffusion of responsibility

Peer counselling / mediation

Banning technology…

What about mobile phones?


at home…Recommendations: Dr Michael Carr-Gregg

Parents must insist on the following rules to ensure teenage safety on the internet…

No computers in the bedroom

Real Wired Child by Dr Michael Carr-Gregg





An online family contract



All computer use may be monitored

Limit screen time (quantity and time-of-day)

For ALL types of screens – TV, computer, IM, cell phone, games, iPod

Have rules for what must be completed before screen time

Devices downstairs at bedtime – nothing in their room

Allow Internet access only when parents are home

Only communicate (e-mail, IM, TXT) with people you already know (in real life)

Parents have a list of all accounts you use and all passwords

Discuss list of sites they are allowed to visit


What to do when…

Somebody stumbles on inappropriate material

You feel uncomfortable

You get a virus / spyware


Before Screen Time…

Today’s homework is finished

Your homework is in your bag

Your space is cleaned up

You have completed today’s household chores

You are on schedule with any project you have

Instrument practice is complete

It is BEFORE xxx on school nights (xxx on non-school nights)





An online family contract

Adequate filtering

K9 web protection is free

Parents need to stand up and take responsibility.



Take A Walk Through Cyberspace – With Your Child

Pull up a chair next to your child at the computer and ask them to…

Share with me all the programs and sites you use for gaming, IM and social networking sites

Share with me all the screen names and email accounts you use and passwords

Show me your personal website, and any profiles you have on social networking sites, as well as your “away” message

Share with me your buddy list – ensure you know IRL


Take A Walk Through Cyberspace – With Your Child

Pull up a chair next to your child at the computer and ask them to…

Ask if they’ve shared their password with a friend

Define cyber-bullying and discuss

Check for naivety and “netiquette”

Create a safe, respectable online personality

Establish trust - but-verify policy

Consider appropriate technology for their age


Where to go


Resources

aisnswict.wikispaces.com


Final Questions?


John Clear

[email protected]

No matter how old you are, when you go out into the world,

hold hands and stick together

cyber bullyingchurch

Education

dr michael carr

ensure teenage safety

cc flickr image

flickr cc image

manage cyber bullying

cyber bullying

john clear

privacy issues