CYBORG

AN EVOLVING BIO-MACHINE IN NEURAL INTERFACE ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS

ByP.MUNISWAMY

112k1A0464IV th ECE

BITS ADONI

Contents

• Introduction

• History

• Cyborg

• Types of Cyborg

• Difference between Cyborg and Robot

• Advantages and Disadvantages of Cyborg

• Applications

• Conclusion

Introduction

• Kevin Warwick has taken the first steps on this path

• In the years ahead we will witness machines with an Intelligence

more powerful than that of humans

• It will be a robot dominated world with dire consequences for

humankind

•The term Cyborg was coined by Manfred E. Clynes and

Nathan S. Kline in 1960 to refer to their conception of an

enhanced human being who could survive in extraterrestrial

environments.

•In 2010, the Cyborg Foundation became the world’s first

international organization dedicated to help humans

become cyborgs.

•In 1908, jean de la Hire introduced in the novel L’ Homme

ui Peut Vivre Dans L’eau ( The Man who Can Live in the

Water).

History

*CYBORG is a combination between man and

machine.

*Different from a robot.

*Used to repair or overcome physical and

mental constraints.

Cyborg definition

Why Cyborgs ?

• Cyborgs are considered as the next step of human

evolution…

• A seed sized electronic implant can do many

functions which reduce a lot of human effort…

• Such an implant can replace credit cards, passport,

visa, and can make big changes in the current

lifestyle…

Fig. Brain-to- Machine Mechanism

Fig. Neuro chip implimented in the brain

Cyborg types

Cyborgs are categorized into two types based on their

structural and functional role play.

1 Individual Cyborgs

2.Social Cyborgs.

It is used to refer to a

human with bionic, or

robotic.

Artificial objects such

as prosthesis are so

closely attached human

bodies as to be

considered as a part of

one’s body

INDIVIDUAL CYBORG.

Today the C-Leg system developed by Otto Bock

HealthCare is used to replace a human leg that has

been amputated because

of injury or illness.

In 2004, a British and

completely colorblind

artist, Neil Harbisson,

started wearing an eyeborg

on his head in order to

hear colors

More broadly, the full term "cybernetic

organism is used to describe larger

networks of communication and control

A corporation can be considered as an

artificial intelligence that makes use

of replaceable human components to

function

SOCIAL CYBORG

• A robot, however, doesn’t necessarily have to

resemble a human. It can be in any shape.

Robots

Cyborg and Robots

• Robots, even after many developments, is still dumb

machines working on some written commands and

programs, and they cannot be completely human in

behavior…

• Cyborgs are not just super humans having extra

abilities and mechanical body parts, but it’s a new

approach having a wide range of applications and

possibilities…

Comparision with Robots

• A robot is an automated machine while a cyborg is a

combination of an organism with a machine.

• Robots aren’t alive while cyborgs are.

• Robots can be simple or very complex while cyborgs

a retypically very complex.

• Robots do not get tired while get tired

Applications

Medicine

1. Restorative & Enhanced

2. Maximizing output and minimizing input

3. BCI, provides a direct path of communication from

the brain to an external device

4. Limitations on speed, strength, endurance, and

intelligence are overcome

Artificial Implimentations

1. Artificial eyes or retinal implants.

2. Cochlear implants

3. Robotic and bionic body parts.

4. Artificial heart

COCHLEAR IMPLANTS

Cochlear Implants

• Cochlear implants may help provide hearing in

patients that are deaf due to damage to sensory hair

cells in their cochlea.

• It is an alternative method of treatment for profoundly

deaf people, mostly children.

• It is estimated that in India, there are 1 million

profoundly deaf children and most of them still

remains deaf….

How it Works…..?

• One or more microphones which picks up sound from the

environment

• A speech processor which selectively filters sound to

prioritize audible speech, splits the sound into channels and

sends the electrical sound signals through a thin cable to the

transmitter,

• A transmitter, which is a coil held in position by a magnet

placed behind the external ear , and transmits power and the

processed sound signals across the skin to the internal device

by electromagnetic induction.

• A receiver and stimulator secured in bone beneath the skin,

which converts the signals into electric impulses and sends

them through an internal cable to electrodes,

RETINAL IMPLANTS

How it Works…..?

• Retinal implants are the modern way of healing

blindness..

• In retina, we have light detecting rod and cone cells.

And we place electrodes to do the same function.

• The signals are then fed to optic nerve and brain…

Art

• many artists have tried to create public awareness of cybernetic organisms

• Stelarc is a performance artist who has visually probed and acoustically amplified his body

• Wafaa Bilal is an Iraqi-American performance artist who had a small10 megapixel digital camera surgically implanted into the back of his head

• Whether soldiers use guns and tanks to

complete missions, or they receive missions

through satellite communication, they are part

of a cyborg network.

Military

• Blood doping is the practice of boosting

the number of red blood cells in the

bloodstream in order to enhance athletic

performance.

Sports

Marine

Cyborg Dolphin

Sea Cyborg

Cyborg Jellyfish

Cyborg in popular culture

Cyborgs have become a well-

known part of science, fiction

literature and other media.

Examples of fictional

biologically based cyborgs

include Iron Man, Robo Cop etc.

ADVANTAGES

Prolongs life

Enables one to lead a normal life

Give a part of the body back

Improves the quality of life

DISADVANTAGES

Training is needed for doctors

They are all Expensive

Pyschological problems

Feeling different to everyone else

The risk of rejection

Pain during operations

Future Enhancement

• We may have more and more artificial body parts- arms, legs,

hearts, eyes and so on - till one might end up finally as a brain

in a wholly artificial body.

• Cyborgology will concentrates on the development of

conditional cyborgs.

• Human Humans limited capabilities ,human

sense the world in a restricted way .

• Even cyborgs has some major defects and

wrong sides as like any technologies evolving

now days. Finally I would like to say that if the

future of intelligent robots, then to protect

mankind, we will must need some

TERMINATORs. They all are CYBORGS.

Because by making human CYBORGS

Conclusion

THANK YOU