cycleofinterplateearthquakealongthesagamitrough ...˘ˇˆ *...
TRANSCRIPT
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Cycle of Interplate Earthquake Along the Sagami Trough,
Deduced from Tectonic Geomorphology
Masanobu Shishikura*
Active Fault Research Center, GSJ/AIST
Abstract
A tectonic geomorphological study is one of the best methods of evaluating the timing and the
crustal deformation of pre-historic earthquake. To reveal the cycle of interplate earthquakes along
the Sagami Trough, I investigated the emerged shoreline topography and the fossilized sessile
assemblages in the Miura Peninsula and the Boso Peninsula. The distribution pattern of coseismic
vertical displacement during the +1*- Genroku Kanto Earthquake inferred from the height distribu-
tion of the paleo-shoreline suggests that the fault source model consists of a dual fault system of the
Fault A and B. Fault A is also the source of the +3,- Taisho Kanto Earthquake. The geometry and
ages of the emerged shoreline topography divided into several levels indicate that the characteristic
earthquake generated from Fault A has occurred about every .** years. One of several events, it is
accompanied with a slip of Fault B, which has a recurrence interval of ,***�,1** years.
Key words : tectonic geomorphology, paleo-shoreline, recurrence interval, Sagami Trough, Kanto
Earthquake
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* e-mail : [email protected] x´-*/�2/01 µ¶·=Im¸r +�+�+¹º» 1~
- B � � % Bull. Earthq. Res. Inst.
Univ. TokyoVol. 12 x,**-~ pp. ,./�,/.
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Fig. +. Epicenters of the Kanto Earthquakes along the Sagami Trough.
Locations of the epicenters are based on Utsu (+333). Contour interval of
bathymetric chart is +**m.
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Fig. ,. Coseismic vertical displacement during the +3,-
Taisho Kanto Earthquake, based on a re-leveling of
benchmarks. Contours are in meters. Compiled from
Geophigical Survey Institute (+3,0) and Miyabe (+3-+).
Fig. -. Two levels of fossilized sessile assemblages
(Pomatoleios Kraussii) in Jogashima, the Miura Penin-sula. M.S.L. : mean sea level. Scale bar is gradu-
ated in +* cm.
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Fig. .. Two levels of emerged wave-cut benches in Kenbutsu, the Boso Peninsula.
Fig. /. Coseismic vertical displacement during the +1*-
Genroku Kanto Earthquake, deduced from height
distribution of paleoshoreline. Contours are in meters.
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Fig. 0. Fault source model of the +1*- Genroku Kanto Earthquake. Contours are
theoretical vertical displacements in meter.
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Fig. 1. Paleo-shorelines on Nishikawana, the southernmost part of the Boso Peninsula. Aerial
photo contributed by Chiba Historical Material Research Foundation.
Fig. 2. Schematic geomorphic profiles of Holocene lowlands in the Boso Peninsula. G : emerged area
during the Genroku-type event. T : emerged area during repeated Taisho-type events. Modified
from Shishikura and Miyauchi (,**+).
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Fig. 3. Seismotectonics model in each area around the Sagami
Trough. G : Timing of the Genroku-type Earthquake. d : rela-
tive vertical displacement. t : time.
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Fig. +*. Schematic cross-section of geology and geomorphology in the Iwai Lowland. + : terrestrial deposit, , : aeolian
deposit, - : beach ridge deposit, . : backshore deposit, / : foreshore deposit, 0 : shoreface deposit, 1 : marine clay, 2 :
bedrock, 3 : location of radiocarbon sample (number means cal yrs BP), +* : location of archaeological site. Modified
from Shishikura et al. (,**+).
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� Ando, M., +31., Seismo-tectonics of the +3,- Kanto earth-
quake, Jour. Phys. Earth, ,,, ,0-�,11.
Endo, K., K. Sekimoto and T. Takano, +32,, Holocene stra-
tigraphy and paleo-environments in the Kanto Plain, in
relation to the Jomon Transgression, Proc. Inst. Natural
Sciences, Nihon Univ., ,+, -1�/..
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Fig. ++. Timing and relative coseismic uplift of repeated Kanto Earthquakes. Open
rectangle enclosed with dotted line means +.C age samples were not obtained.
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Imamura, A., +3,2, On the seismic activity of Kwanto dis-
trict, Jour. Astronomy Geophysics, /, +,1�+-/.
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Mansinha, L. and D. Smylie, +31+, The displacement fields of
inclined faults, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 0+, +.--�+..*.
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Matsuda, T., Y. Ota, M. Ando and N. Yonekura, +312, Fault
mechanism and recurrence time of major earthquakes
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Miyabe, N., +3-+, On the vertical earth movements in
Kwanto districts, Bull. Earthquake Res. Inst. Tokyo
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Ozawa, S., M. Hashimoto and T. Tada, +331, Vertical crustal
movements in the coastal areas of Japan estimated
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Sugimura, A. and Y. Naruse, +3/., Changes in sea level,
seismic upheavals, and terraces in the southern Kanto
region, Japan (�), Jap. Jour. Geol. Geogr., ,., +*+�++-.
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Yonekura, N., +31/, Quaternary tectonic movements in the
outer area of Southwest Japan with special reference to
seismic crustal deformations, Bull. Dept. of Geogr. Univ.
of Tokyo, 1, +3�1+.
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�Received June ,1, ,**-��Accepted September +1, ,**-�
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