cytology - the study of cells mr. femia biology. important scientists – robert hooke 1665 - named...
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Important scientists – Robert Hooke
• 1665 - Named cells after the small boxy rooms that monks live in
Robert Hooke
• He first saw and named "cells" while he was experimenting with a new instrument we now call a "microscope."
• Used cork slices • He saw tiny box-like
shapes.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
• Saw life in pond water
• First to observe• Sperm• Red blood cells• Gunk from teeth
Matthias Schleiden
• 1830 – German Botanist• All plants are made of
cells"One who wishes to be a
botanist or zoologist without a microscope, is at least as great a fool as one who wants to observe the heavens without a telescope”
“The Cell Theory”
• 1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells
• 2. The cell is the basic unit of organisms
• 3. All cells come from preexisting cells
Eukaryotic cells - all other cellsThese include
• protists• fungi• plants• animals
• Have a nucleus
• Cells contain structures called organelles.
Plasma membrane
• All cells are surrounded by a plasma membrane.
• It separates the contents of the cell from its environment.
• It regulates the passage of molecules into and out of the cell.
Microvilli
• Cells that are specialized for absorption (ex: intestinal cells) have folds in the plasma membrane called microvilli that increase the surface area.
Pseudopodia are temporary extensions of the plasma membrane used for movement or to engulf particles. Pseudopodia can be seen in the Amoeba below.
Cell Wall
• The cell wall functions to support and protect the cell.
• Plants have cell walls composed of cellulose; fungi have walls composed of chitin.
Cilia and Flagella
• Hair-like structures projecting from the cell that function to move the cell by their movements. They contain cytoplasm and are enclosed by the plasma membrane.