On July 1, 2016, the foreign ministry proclaimed“Czechia” to be the official shortened form of thecountry’s name in English. President Miloš

Zeman and Prime Minister Bohuslav Sobotka had bothendorsed the move, and proponents claimed that“Czechia” would be more versatile for sports and mar-keting purposes. Critics countered that the name rep-resented only one of the country’s historical regions—omitting Moravia and Silesia—and that “Czechia” sound-ed too similar to the Russian republic of Chechnya.After the U.K.’s “Brexit” vote(see Special Report on page292), Zeman caused contro-versy when he called for a ref-erendum to be held on theCzech Republic’s continuedmembership in the EU.

Vital statisticsBirth rate per 1,000 population (2015):10.5 (world avg. 19.5).

Death rate per 1,000 population (2015):10.5 (world avg. 8.1).

Natural increase rate per 1,000 popula-tion (2015): 0.0 (world avg. 11.4).

Life expectancy at birth (2014): male75.8 years; female 81.7 years.

DemographyPopulation (2016): 10,562,000.Density (2016): persons per sq mi346.9, persons per sq km 133.9.

Sex distribution (20161): male49.14%; female 50.86%.

Population projection: (2020)10,671,000; (2030) 10,804,000.

Major cities (20161): Prague1,267,449; Brno 377,028;Ostrava 292,681; Plze5169,858; Liberec 103,288.

Urban-rural (2014):

Czech Republic

Official name: Deská Republika (CzechRepublic).

Form of government: unitary multiparty republicwith two legislative houses (Senate [81];Chamber of Deputies [200]).

Head of state: President Miloß Zeman.Head of government: Prime Minister BohuslavSobotka.

Capital: Prague.Official language: Czech.Official religion: none.Monetary unit: koruna (Kc); valuation (Sept. 1,

2016) 1 U.S.$ = Kc 24.14; 1 £ = Kc 32.11.

Ethnic composition (2011):

Age breakdown (20161):

Religious affiliation (2011):

Area and populationarea population area population

20161 20161

Regions sq km estimate Regions sq km estimateCentral Bohemia 11,015 1,326,857Hradec Králové 4,759 551,421Karlovy Vary 3,314 297,804Liberec 3,163 439,639Moravia-Silesia 5,427 1,213,311Olomouc 5,267 634,720Pardubice 4,519 516,149Plze5 7,561 576,635

South Bohemia 10,057 637,834South Moravia 7,195 1,175,023Ústí 5,335 822,850Vysocina 6,796 509,475Zlín 3,963 584,676

Capital cityPrague (Praha) 496 1,267,449TOTAL 78,8652 10,553,843

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National economyBudget (2014)3. Revenue: Kc 1,572,315,000,000 (tax revenue 49.9%,

social security contributions 35.8%, grants 7.4%; nontax rev-enue 6.9%). Expenditures: Kc 1,564,853,000,000 (social bene-fits 46.5%, subsidies 21.8%, wages and salaries 9.3%).

Production (metric tons except as noted). Agriculture, forestry,fishing (2015): wheat 5,274,272, sugar beets 3,421,035, barley1,991,415, rapeseed 1,256,212, corn (maize) 832,2355, potatoes504,955, oats 154,576, rye 107,874, sunflower seeds 42,3145,poppy seeds 24,6655; livestock (number of live animals)1,559,648 pigs, 1,407,132 cattle, 231,694 sheep; roundwood16,162,645 cu m, of which fuelwood (2013) 14%; fisheries pro-duction (2014) 23,947 (from aquaculture 84%). Mining andquarrying (2013): kaolin clay 3,108,000; feldspar 411,000.Manufacturing (value added in Kc ’000,000; 2014): transporta-

tion equipment 195,478; fabricated metal products 106,124; machineryand apparatus 95,766; rubber and plastic products 76,631; food prod-ucts and beverages 72,146; electrical machinery and equipment 71,106;chemicals and chemical products 49,192; cement, bricks, and ceramics45,213; base metals 39,825; electronics 35,561. Energy production(consumption): electricity (kW-hr; 2015) 83,840,000,000 ([2012]70,450,000,000), by source (2013): fossil fuels 53.1%; nuclear energy35.8%; renewable energy 11.1%, of which biomass and waste 5.1%,solar energy 2.5%, hydroelectric energy 3.4%; hard coal (metric tons;2015–16) 8,400,000 ([2011] 8,020,000); lignite (metric tons; 2015–16)38,400,000 ([2011] 44,100,000); crude petroleum (barrels; 2015–16)861,000 ([2011] 48,100,000); petroleum products (metric tons; 2011)5,010,000 (6,161,000); natural gas (cu m; 2015–16) 260,000,000 ([2014]7,216,000,000).

Average household size (2014): 2.4.Population economically active (2015): total 5,309,900; participationrates: ages 15–64, male 68.0%; female 51.3%; unemployed 5.0%, ofwhich youth (ages 15–24) 13.0%.

Gross national income (GNI; 2014): U.S.$193,121,000,000 (U.S.$18,370per capita); purchasing power parity GNI (U.S.$28,020 per capita).

Public debt (external, outstanding; April 2011): U.S.$24,901,800,000.Land use as % of total land area (2009): in temporary crops (2007)38.9%, left fallow 0.4%, in permanent crops 1.0%, in pasture 12.7%,forest area 34.4%.

MilitaryTotal active duty personnel (November 2015):

21,700 (army 56.2%, air force 26.7%,unspecified 17.1%). Military expenditure aspercentage of GDP (2015): 1.0%; per capitaexpenditure U.S.$169.

Foreign trade8

Imports (2015): Kc 3,476,221,000,000 (machineryand transportation equipment 45.3%, chemicalsand chemical products 11.4%, mineral fuels 6.7%,food products, beverages, and tobacco 6.0%). Major import sources:

Exports (2015): Kc 3,901,698,000,000 (machineryand transportation equipment 55.5%, chemicalsand chemical products 6.2%, food products, bever-ages, and tobacco 4.8%, mineral fuels 3.0%). Major export destinations:

Transport and communicationsTransport. Railroads (2014): route length 5,939 mi,9,559 km; passenger-km 7,797,000,000; metric ton-km cargo 14,575,000,000. Roads (2014): totallength (2011) 81,189 mi, 130,661 km(paved [2011] virtually 100%); passenger-km10 10,010,000,000; metric ton-km cargo10

54,092,000,000. Vehicles (20151): passengercars 4,833,38611; trucks and buses 628,519.

Education and healthLiteracy: virtually 100%.Health: physicians (2013) 40,619 (1 per 258 per-sons); hospital beds (20151) 56,5869 (1 per 187persons); infant mortality rate per 1,000 livebirths (2014) 2.4; undernourished population(2006–08) less than 5% of total populationbased on the consumption of a minimum dailyrequirement of 1,990 calories.

1January 1. 2Detail does not add to total given because of rounding. 3Consolidated general government.4Public utilities includes Mining and quarrying. 52014. 6Taxes less subsidies on products. 7Includes33,800 inadequately defined and 268,000 unemployed. 8Imports c.i.f.; exports f.o.b. 9Excludes beds atresorts with mineral springs. 10Buses only. 11Includes vans. 12Subscribers.

Internet resources for further information:• Czech Statistical Office www.czso.cz• Czech National Bank www.cnb.cz/en/index.html

Structure of gross domestic product and labour force2015

in value % of total labour % of labourKc ’000,000 value force force

Agriculture, forestry, fishing 103,269 2.3 147,500 2.8Mining and quarrying 4 4 37,800 0.7Manufacturing 1,104,590 24.2 1,376,800 25.9Construction 233,815 5.1 396,000 7.5Public utilities 208,4434 4.64 106,300 2.0Transp. and commun. 960,816 21.1 439,100 8.3Trade, hotels 812,900 15.3Finance, real estate 788,150 17.3 529,400 10.0Pub. admin., defense 696,029 15.3 316,200 5.9Services 846,100 15.9Other 459,5036 10.16 301,8007 5.77

TOTAL 4,554,615 100.0 5,309,900 100.0

Communications units unitsnumber per 1,000 number per 1,000

Medium date in ’000s persons Medium date in ’000s persons

TelephonesCellular 2015 13,92512 1,29212

Landline 2015 1,949 181

Internet users 2009 6,681 644Broadband 2015 3,00612 27912

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