d-lab i lecture: health

8/14/2019 D-Lab I Lecture: Health

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Jose Gomez-Marquez

D-LAB


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The health problems, issues, and concernsthat transcend national boundaries, may beinfluenced by circumstances or experiences

in other countries, and are best addressedby cooperative actions and solutions.

Institute of Medicine


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Disability Adjusted Life YearsThe sum of years of potential life lost due to

premature mortality andthe years of productive life lost due to disability.

POTENTIALPOTENTIAL

LIFELIFEPRODUCTIVEPRODUCTIVE

LIFELIFEDALYSDALYS


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%

1. Ischaemic heart disease 12.2

2. Cerebrovascular disease 9.7

3. Lower respiratory infections7.1

4. COPD 5.1

5. Diarrhoeal diseases 3.7

6. HIV/AIDS 3.5

7. Tuberculosis 2.58. Trachea, bronchus, lung cancers

2.3

9. Road traffic accidents 2.2

10. Prematurity, low birth weight2.0

%

1. Lower respiratory infections 6.2

2. Diarrhoeal diseases 4.8

3. Depression 4.3

4. Ischaemic heart disease 4.1

5. HIV/AIDS 3.8

6. Cerebrovascular disease 3.1

7. Prematurity, low birth weight

2.98. Birth asphyxia, birth trauma 2.7

9. Road traffic accidents 2.7

10. Neonatal infections and other2.7

Mortality DALYs


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Between 1986 and 2001, global funding forhealth research rose from US$30 billion toUS$106 billion, but progress towards new

health tools for the poor remainsinsignificant.

Of 1,393 new medicines approved between

1975 and 1999, only 1% (16 drugs) wasdeveloped for tropical diseases andtuberculosis

Source: MSF


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80-90%of all medicaltechnology inthe developingworld is hand-

me-downequipment.

80%of it fails withinthe first 6

months.


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Dual technologies Those that can be useful in developed

markets, such as America, and with designparameters that can be implemented in thedeveloping world.

Medicines

Two-market pricing mechanisms Vaccines

R&D funding for disaster response toprovide public health benefits

Devices DoD

Diaster response

Dedicated market opportunities


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Focus tends to be onDELIVERY SOLUTIONS& HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS

Focus tends to be onDISCOVERY & INNOVATION


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The JetInjector


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The JetInjector


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The JetInjector


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spacer


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Affordable/High Impact

Affordable/Low Appropriate Impact

Expensive/Low Appropriate Impact

Expensive/High Impact

Resources

Impac

t


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Importance of local product development inNicaragua Flexibility of incentives Flexibility of communication vehicles

Development of distributed manufacturingtechniques


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SNAPSNAPSimple Nucleic Acid ProcessingSimple Nucleic Acid Processing

Development Team: MIT Mechanical Engineer, BMW Mechanical Engineer, Art Center Industrial Designer, MIT Biologist,and Guinean Bricklayer who was a Red Cross Field Volunteer


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Card enabledcommunityglucometers

Biometric drivenpatient history

Whats next

Open Source TestingStrips


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DiseaseDisease

SurveillanceSurveillance


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DiseaseDisease



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DiseaseDisease



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M-LabM-Lab


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Cell manufacturers of tuberculosis compliance diagnosticsusing local resources


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A video conference discussing auto-disable syringe designswith Nicaraguan and MIT design coaches


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Backup via

Redundancy


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HybridizationVintage Technologies + Smart Design/Tech =

New SolutionsTaking the improvisation and engineering

solutionsBottom up observationBe trendsetting, not trendyContext shifting

Distributed SystemsCrowdsourcing


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Hybridization

+


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Coca Cola Spacer for AsthmaInhalers


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Funders GAVI Gates Rockefeller Who else?

Regulators MOH FDA CE

Industry Social Entrepreneurs

d-lab i lecture: health

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