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agi l is Statistics and

Informatics

D1.3 Non-harmonised database

Contract No. 30402.2009.001-2009.455 ‘Lot 1:Support for passenger mobility statistics’

September 2010

Lot 1:Support for passenger mobility statistics

Document: “D1.3 Non-harmonised database”


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Document Service Data

Type of Document: Deliverable report

Reference: D1.3 Non-harmonised database

Issue: 1 Revision: 0 Status: Final

Created by: Anais Santourian Date: 16.09.2010

Distribution: EUROSTAT/E6, Agilis S.A

Contract Full Title: Lot 1:Support for passenger mobility statistics

Service contract number: 30402.2009.001-2009.455

For Internal Use Only

Reviewed by: Tonia Ieromnimon

Approved by: Tonia Ieromnimon

Document Change Record

Issue/Revision Date Change

1.0 16.09.2010 Initial release

Contact Information

Agilis S.A

Statistics and Informatics

Acadimias 96-100 – 106 77 Athens – Greece

Tel.: (+30) 2111003310

Fax: (+30) 2111003315

URL: www.agilis-sa.gr




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Table of contents Page

Introduction................................................................................................................ 1

1 National indicators of passenger mobility ........................................................ 2

2 National results on passenger mobility ............................................................ 5

2.1 Austria ............................................................................................................. 6

2.2 Belgium............................................................................................................ 8

2.3 Bulgaria ......................................................................................................... 10

2.4 Cyprus ........................................................................................................... 11

2.5 Czech Republic ............................................................................................. 12

2.6 Croatia ........................................................................................................... 13

2.7 Denmark ........................................................................................................ 13

2.8 Estonia........................................................................................................... 13

2.9 Finland........................................................................................................... 15

2.10 France ........................................................................................................ 19

2.11 Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) .................................. 21

2.12 Germany..................................................................................................... 21

2.13 Greece........................................................................................................ 22

2.14 Hungary ...................................................................................................... 22

2.15 Iceland ........................................................................................................ 22

2.16 Ireland......................................................................................................... 22

2.17 Italy ............................................................................................................. 23

2.18 Latvia .......................................................................................................... 23

2.19 Liechtenstein .............................................................................................. 26

2.20 Lithuania ..................................................................................................... 26

2.21 Luxembourg................................................................................................ 26

2.22 Netherlands ................................................................................................ 26

2.23 Norway ....................................................................................................... 28

2.24 Poland ........................................................................................................ 30

2.25 Portugal ...................................................................................................... 30

2.26 Romania ..................................................................................................... 32

2.27 Slovakia ...................................................................................................... 32




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2.28 Slovenia...................................................................................................... 33

2.29 Spain .......................................................................................................... 33

2.30 Sweden....................................................................................................... 34

2.31 Switzerland ................................................................................................. 35

2.32 Turkey......................................................................................................... 38

2.33 United Kingdom.......................................................................................... 38




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Introduction The present document is a report about Eurostat’s non-harmonised database of passenger mobility statistics for the EU27 member states, EU candidate countries and EFTA countries. The database is updated every six months and the last update before the current one was carried out in January 2010. The current database covers passenger mobility indicators for travel by any mode of transport and (where they exist) indicators specific to travel by car, coach or bus. The report is structured as follows. The first section presents information related to the most recent national passenger mobility surveys. It gives the surveys’ title, reference period, reference population, the main indicators produced and the variables these indicators are broken down by. The second section presents the results for those passenger mobility indicators produced in each country. It begins by giving a short description of the passenger mobility survey and then presents the results of the main passenger mobility indicators. In each country, there is also information about the data and metadata used to generate these indicators. This update consists of additional information collected from the responsible national authorities as replies to a two-page questionnaire. This questionnaire requests results on five main passenger mobility indicators: a) Average number of trips/person/day, b) Average travel distance (km) per person per day, c) Average total travel time (min) per person per day, d) Average travel time by purpose of travel and e) Average distance travelled by purpose of travel. Moreover we collected statistics from the dissemination web sites of national authorities. A major difference from earlier reports of this type is that the present one does not report data in vehicle-kilometres derived from either the pilot data collection of 2007 or the present data collection with the WebCOQ. The reason for not including such data any longer is that they are directly available to Eurostat and we also deliver them again, as deliverable D2.3, in the context of action 2. It should be noted that the present document does not provide a detailed description of the passenger mobility results produced in each country. A more detailed description of the passenger mobility surveys conducted in each country is given in a report about the inventory of national surveys (deliverable D1.2) while a full presentation of the variables covered as well as the concepts and methodologies used when implementing the surveys is provided in a separate methodological report (deliverable D1.5).




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1 National indicators of passenger mobility

This section presents the information generated by national passenger mobility surveys with emphasis on the indicators produced. Specifically, it presents a table with all EU countries (in rows) and the characteristics of the indicators produced (in columns). These characteristics are the title of the survey, the

reference period of the survey, the reference population, the indicators produced and the variables that these indicators are broken down by.

It is worth noting that not all the indicators described below are generated by one single source. Many countries for instance compile vehicle-kilometres not only from household surveys but also from odometer readings, road count or fuel consumption data. Such information is clearly indicated in the table

below.

Table 1. Passenger mobility indicators produced in each country

Country Survey / data collection activity

Reference period Reference population Indicators Breakdown variables

Austria Austrian mobility survey September – December 1995

Resident population aged 6 years and over

Number of trips/person/day, travel distance/person/day, travel time/person/day, vehicle-kilometres

*

Distance class, mode of transport, trip purpose

Belgium Belgian national mobility survey

December 1998 – November 1999

Persons aged 6 years and over Number of trips/person/day, vehicle-kilometres*

Mode of transport, trip purpose

Bulgaria National survey on passenger traffic by buses and coaches

Calendar quarter Administrative Register of enterprises licensed for passenger transport

Number of passengers carried, passenger-kilometres, the actual distance run by buses and coaches, annual data for the number and length of

urban, outskirts, and international bus lines

Type of transport (urban, outskirts, international)

Cyprus Short distance passenger mobility in

Cyprus

May – July 2008 Persons aged 6 years old and over

Number of trips/person/day, travel distance/person/day, travel time/person/day

Mode of transport, travel purpose

Czech Republic

Population and Housing Census

2001 All persons with a permanent or long term residence

Vehicle- and passenger- kilometres**

Frequency of a trip, duration of stay, mode of transport, type of

vehicle

Croatia None Vehicle-kilometres*

Denmark National Travel survey (TU)

2008

Danes aged 10-84 years Number of trips/person/day, travel distance/person/day, travel time/person/day vehicle-kilometres

**

Distance class, mode of transport, trip purpose, age category

Estonia Use of passenger cars April – July 2006 Resident population aged 15-74 years

Use of passenger cars, Average daily run of a passenger car, Passenger traffic volume of passenger cars,

Passenger cars per household

Distance travelled, trip purpose, number of persons (in the car/household), sex/age of the driver

Finland Finish national travel June 2004 – May Persons aged 6 years and over Number of trips/person/day, travel Mode of travel, purpose of travel




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survey 2005 distance/person/day, travel time/person/day,

passenger kilometres, vehicle-kilometres*

France Survey on transport and displacements

May 2007 – April 2008

Persons aged 6 years and over Number of trips/person/day, travel distance/person/day, travel time/person/day,

vehicle-kilometres**

Distance class, Mode of transport, purpose of travel

Former Yugoslav

Republic of Macedonia

None Vehicle-kilometres*

Mobility in Germany (MiD)

2008 All Germans

Germany Mobility panel (MOP) 2008 All Germans aged 10 years and

over

Trips/person/day, travel distance/person/day, travel time/person/day, number of cars within household, vehicle-kilometres

**

Mode of transport, purpose, age class, gender, income class

Greece None Vehicle-kilometres

Hungary Passenger mobility

survey

2009 Total Hungarian population No available information No available information

Iceland None Passenger- vehicle-kilometres Type of vehicle

Ireland National Travel Survey October-December 2009

Household residents aged 18 or over who were in the country at any time during the relevant 24

hour period

No analysis has been done on data yet

-

Italy None None

Latvia Mobility survey 2008 Persons aged 5 years and over Number of trips/person/day, travel

distance/person/day, travel time/person/day, vehicle-kilometres

*

Distance class, mode of transport,

purpose, age class

Liechtenstei

n

Census 2000 2000 Persons aged 15 years and

over

Number of trips/person/day, travel

distance/person/day, travel time/person/day, Passenger-kilometers/ day/ mode of transport, Vehicle-kilometers (freight preferably excluded/

day/mode of transport

Distance class, mode of transport,

purpose

Lithuania None Passenger- and vehicle-kilometres*

Type of vehicle

Luxembourg Census None

Dutch Travel Survey (OViN)

2010 All permanent residents except from those living in institutions

Number of trips/person/day, travel distance/person/day, travel time/person/day,

passenger-kilometers/day, vehicle-kilometers (freight preferably excluded)/day

Distance class, mode of transport, purpose

Netherlands

Statistics based on odometer readings

2005-2006 All passenger cars registered in the country in 1

st January 2005

Vehicle-kilometres Type of vehicle, age of vehicle

Norway Norwegian personal travel survey

2009 Permanent residents aged 13 years and over

Number of trips/person/day, travel distance/person/day, travel time/person/day, passenger-kilometers/day, vehicle-kilometres**





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Poland Census Passenger- and vehicle-kilometres Type of vehicle

Portugal Portuguese medium and long distance mobility survey

May – June 1998 Persons aged 15 years and over

Number of trips/person/day, vehicle-kilometres*


Passengers’ mobility survey

4th quarter 2005 Passenger transport companies

(NACE 6021, 6023 and 6332), school transport units,

passengers of these companies

Number of seat-kms offered, passenger-kilometres, total distance travelled, total travel time/person/day, Vehicle-kilometres

*

Mode of transport, Type of vehicle, travel purpose

Resident’s touristic

demand

One quarter Permanent residents aged 15

years and over

Number of trips/person/day, number of overnight

stays, tourist expenditure

Mode of transport, purpose,

duration of stay at destination

Romania

Transport by passenger cars

Annually Persons aged 6 years and over Travel distance/person/day, travel time/person/day Mode of transport, purpose, distance class, status of

respondent

Annual survey in transport

One year Passengers of organisations with activity in NACE Rev.2 49-

52

Turnover of transport, passenger transport, distance travelled, Passenger- and vehicle-

kilometres*

All type of transport excluding passenger cars, distance class,

type of territory (national/international), frequency (regular/non-regular)

Quarterly sampling survey of trips

Quarterly Persons aged 15 years and over

Number of trips/person/day Distance class and socio-economic variables, type of territory (national/international)

Slovakia

Annual survey of passenger transport by bus via territory Slovakia

One year Organisations which have the licence of transport by bus

Passengers, passenger-km, vehicle-km, turnover for transport

Type of vehicle, type of road

Slovenia None Vehicle-kilometres* Type of vehicle

Spain MOVILIA 2007 Resident population Number of trips/person/day, total travel

time/person/day, average distance travelled

Day of week (working or weekend

day), mode of transport, purpose, age class

Sweden National travel survey

(RES)

October 2005 and

September 2006

Persons aged 6-84 years Number of trips/person/day, total

distance/person/day, total travel time/person/day, vehicle-kilometres

*

Mode of transport, purpose, age

class

Switzerland Microcensus on travel behaviour

2010- February 2011 All persons except those living in collective households


**

Mode of transport, purpose, age, socio-economic variables

Turkey Passenger Mobility Survey

January- December 2010

Persons aged 6 years old and over

Number of trips/person/day, total distance/person/day, travel time/person/day

Purpose, socio-economic variables, transport mode, type of vehicle

UK National travel survey (NTS)

2009 UK residents living in private households


*

Distance class, mode of transport, purpose, age, gender, type of vehicle, type of road

* Collected from road counts, odometer readings, fuel consumption

** Collected from the above + driver survey




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As it is indicated in the above table, the most commonly produced indicators are:

! Number of trips/person/day

! Travel distance in km/person/day

! Travel time in minutes/person/day

! Total vehicle-kilometres in the reference period

! Total passenger-kilometres in the reference period

The first three indicators are generated from a passenger mobility survey, while vehicle- and passenger-kilometres can also be produced from other sources such as odometer readings, road counts and fuel consumption.

Passenger mobility indicators are usually broken down by the following variables:

! Mode of transport

! Trip purpose

! Distance class

! Type of vehicle

! Age of the respondent

! Gender

! Income

! Number of cars within household

2 National results on passenger mobility

This section presents the results produced in each country’s passenger mobility survey.

It starts by giving a brief description of the relevant survey conducted in each country. It then presents the indicators produced for the reference population and the period the survey took place.

The main features of a survey, i.e. the main indicators produced in a passenger mobility survey are presented in a table, while the different variables these indicators can be broken down by are presented in figures. It is worth noting that indicators can be broken down by variables that may vary

from one country to another.

We should also point out that the figures for the indicators presented here do not essentially refer to the results compiled by the most recent implemented surveys. The reason for this is that for some countries the most recent passenger mobility surveys are still running and the process of the compilation of the survey results has not yet finished. In this case, the most recent figures available

are reported.




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2.1 Austria

General information

The Austrian mobility survey was conducted during the period September – December 1995. Its purpose was to describe mobility of the resident in Austria population aged 6 years and over. Therefore, it covers all travel undertaken by the respondent, i.e. start and end location of a trip, total distance travelled, trip purpose and modes of travel used at one day prior to the interview for short-distance travel (up to 50km) and at the last two weeks before the interview for long distance travel (over 50km).

Main features of passenger mobility

The following table shows the main indicators of the Austrian mobility survey.

Table 2. Main characteristics of the Austrian mobility survey; 1995

Average number of trips/person/day

3.0

Average travel distance (km) / person / day

28.1

Average total travel time (min) / person / day

68.8

The above indicators can further broken down by auxiliary variables as follows.

Figure 1. Distribution of trips by distance class




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As it is indicated in the figure above, trips of distance less than 5km are reported more frequently (59%), followed by trips of 5 to 20km (26%) and those trips between 20 and 50km (9%). A small proportion of long distance trips (only 5%) is reported.

Figure 2. Distribution of trips by main mode of transport

As it is indicated above, motorised private transport is the main mode of transport (51%). It is followed by the non-motorised private transport (32%) the biggest share of which is walking (27%) and less is

cycling (5%), while the public transport is used by 17% of the population.

Figure 3. Distribution of trips by purpose




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The most frequent reason for making a trip was for leisure, followed by trips whose main purpose was work-related as well as trips made for shopping. Less frequent trips were those related to education and business purposes.

Figure 4. Average trip time in minutes by mode of transport

A trip made by a motorized private transport takes on average longer time than any other mode of transport. Specifically, the average time spent on a trip by a car driver was 26 minutes. The second highest on average time spent on a trip was by walking (13min), followed by urban public transport (8min), time spent as a car passenger (7min) and time spent by regional bus (6min) and by rail (6min). Travel by cycling and by motorbike were having the lowest average time spent on a trip (2 and 1 min respectively).

2.2 Belgium

General information

The Belgian national mobility survey was carried out from December 1998 to November 1999. Its aim was to collect data on households mobility of persons aged 6 years and over from Flemish, Wallon and Brussels area. It covered all travel undertaken by the respondent at one day prior to the interview for short-distance travel (up to 200km) and at one week before the interview for long-distance (more than 200km).


The main characteristics of the Belgian mobility survey are presented in the table below.




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Table 3. Main characteristics of the Belgian national mobility survey; 1999


3.0


:


:

A further break down of the distribution of trips by purpose and main mode of transport can reveal various passenger mobility indicators, as the following graphs show.

Figure 5. Distribution of trips by mode of transport

Motorised private transport was the most frequent mode of transport used, followed by non-motorised private transport (walking and cycling) and the public transport as the least used mode of transport.




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Trips made for reasons related to leisure, shopping/personal business and work/school are almost equally distributed, with trips for leisure having the biggest share as the main purpose of travel.

2.3 Bulgaria

General information

In Bulgaria, the National Statistical Institute (NSI) carries out a survey on buses and coaches on a quarterly basis. The aim of the survey is to obtain reliable and with enough precision data for national and international passenger traffic by road. The collected information covers number of passengers carried, passenger-kilometres, travelled distance by buses and coaches, as well as information on the

number and length of urban, outskirts and international bus lines.


The main characteristics of the National Survey on passenger traffic by Buses and Coaches for the first and second quarter of 2010 are given in the table below.

Table 4. Main characteristics of the Bulgarian survey on passenger traffic by buses and coaches; 1

st and 2

nd Quarter 2010

1

st Quarter 2

nd Quarter

Total passenger transported (in million) 130.574 129.022

Total transport performance (in million PKm) 2 471.998 2 659.798

Total distance travelled by buses (in million Km) 125.861 135.270

of which with passengers 122.503 132.033

Average distance travelled (Km) 18.9 20.6




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The above indicators are further broken down by type of transport, as follows

Table 5: Passenger traffic and transport performance of bus transport; 1st

and 2nd

Quarter 2010

Total passenger transported (in

million)

Total transport performance (in million

PKm)

Total distance travelled by buses

(in million Km)

Average distance travelled (Km)

1st

quarter 2

nd

quarter 1

st

quarter 2

nd

quarter 1

st

quarter 2

nd

quarter 1

st

quarter 2

nd

quarter

Total 130.574 129.022 2 471.998 2 659.798 125.861 135.27 18.9 20.6

Urban transport - total 110.75 108.144 972.919 951.351 44.812 46.24 8.8 8.8

Urban passenger traffic 106.743 103.534 930.903 893.725 41.306 42.186 8.7 8.6

Suburban transport 4.006 4.61 42.016 57.626 3.505 4.053 10.5 12.5

Outskirts transport 19.607 20.556 1 240.349 1 332.967 67.768 72.339 63.3 64.8

International transport 0.216 0.321 258.729 375.479 13.280 16.690 1 196.2 1 167.5

2.4 Cyprus

General information

A passenger mobility survey was carried out during the period May – July 2008 by the Statistical Services of Cyprus. Its aim was to provide statistics on passenger mobility in Cyprus as well as information on personal travel for short distance mobility (under 100km).

The collected information covers all national trips of distance less than 100km, the used modes of transport, the purpose of the trips, the distance covered and the time spent travelling as well as socio-economic characteristics such as age and gender of the respondent, region of residence, number of adult persons within household, car ownership and number of cars within household.


The main characteristics of Cyprus’ mobility survey are presented in the table below.

Table 6. Main characteristics of Cyprus’ national mobility survey; 2008

Average number of trips/person/day 2.95

Average travel distance (km) / person / day 11.0

Average total travel time (min) / person / day 16.3

Average travel time and travel distance are further broken down by mode of transport, as follows.




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Table 7. Main features of passenger mobility by mode of transport; 2008

Mode of transport Average travel distance /mode of transport (%)

Average trip duration /mode of transport

!otorised private transport 39.3 50.9

Passenger car 39.9 51.3

Motorcycle 11.6 27.0

Other motorised private modes 37.3 55.8

Public transport 39.1 56.6

Bus 35.3 62.2

Taxi 32.2 34.0

Other public transport modes 49.8 58.0

Non-motorised transport 2.5 36.0

Walking 2.3 35.4

Cycling 5.6 46.8

Other non-motorised modes 0.0 0.0

2.5 Czech Republic

General information

In Czech Republic, information on short distance mobility is available every ten years through the Population and Housing Census. The travel related variables covered are:

! commuting from a place of permanent residence to a place of work and school and ! mode of transport used.


The average travel distance per person per day by mode of transport is shown in table 7.

Table 8. Average travel distance (km) per person per day; 2005

Average travel distance (km)/person/day

Walking -

Cycling -

Other non-motorised -

Sub-total non-motorised transport -

Passenger car 32.23

Other motorised private transport 0.0

Sub-total motorised private transport 32.23

Bus/Coach 11.86

Rail 10.65

Urban rail (metro/underground, light rail etc) 6.79

Other rail 36.98

Air 1538.06

Water 16.34

Other public transport 4.92

Sub-total public transport 14.18

Total 21.91

Total passenger car, bus, coach 24.77 Source: Pilot Questionnaire on a harmonised data collection developed under the project ‘Development of passenger mobility

statistics’; 2006




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2.6 Croatia

General information

No information was provided on any passenger mobility survey carried out in Croatia. However, data for the measurement on the road traffic volume is collected through traffic counts by the Croatian Roads Authority.

2.7 Denmark

General information

A national travel survey (TU) was carried out in 2008 by the Danish Transport Research Institute. It describes the daily mobility habits of Danes aged 10 – 84 years. It covers all trips undertaken by the

respondent at the day before the interview. The results for reference year 2008 are described below.

The main characteristics of the National Travel Survey are presented in the table below.


Table 9. Main characteristics of the National Travel Survey; 2008



39.99

Average total travel time (min) / person / day 56.21

The former three indicators are broken down by purpose of travel, as follows.

Table 10. Passenger mobility indicators by purpose of travel; 2008

Travel purpose

Average distance(km)/person/ day

Average time (min) /person/day

Average number of trips /person/day

Business 5.64 6.03 0.24

Education 1.12 1.93 0.08

Leisure 16.58 23.31 1.09

Other 0.01 0.01 0.00

Shopping 5.55 9.36 0.75

Work 11.10 15.58 0.80

Total 39.99 56.21 2.96

2.8 Estonia

General information

The Estonian Statistical Office carries out a survey on the use of passenger cars. Its aim is to obtain information on the volume on passenger transport and run of cars while using passenger cars. It is conducted annually since 2004 (in the 2

nd quarter of 2004, 2005 and 2006) and covers all trips carried

out in passenger car at the day before the interview.





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Table 11. Main characteristics of the Estonian survey; 2006

Average distance (Km) of a passenger car/ day 53.8

Passenger traffic volume of passenger cars/ daily run (in million passenger-kilometres)

9 946. 241

Source: Statistics Estonia, Statistical database

The above indicators can be further broken down by purpose of the journey and number of persons.

Breakdown variables

Table 12. Travel characteristics by number of persons and purpose of journey

Passenger traffic volume/ day (in million passenger-kilometres)

Average distance (km)/ person/day

Passenger car 9 946.241

53.8

Purpose*

Work 4 943.033 55.5

Leisure 7 219.806 57.9

Other purpose 881.841 49.4

Number of persons

Driver 5 259.453 45.0

Driver and co-passengers

4 686.788 62.8

Source: Statistics Estonia, Statistical database *One person may have different purposes of journey during the day.

Passenger traffic volume of passenger cars by daily run is further broken down by distance class, as follows.

Table 13. Passenger traffic volume by distance class

Passenger traffic volume/ day (in million passenger-kilometres)

Passenger car 9 946.241

Distance class

Less than 50 km 2 575.385

50-100 km 2 949.684

More than 100 km 4 421.172 Source: Statistics Estonia, Statistical database

Average travel distance is further broken down by sex and age of driver, as follows.

Table 14. Average daily distance travelled by age and sex of driver

Average distance (km)/ person/day

Passenger car 53.8

Sex

Male 55.5

Female 50.0

Age class

15-24 51.3

25-49 55.9

50-74 49.3




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2.9 Finland

General information

A national travel survey was conducted by the Finish Ministry of Transport and Communications during the period June 2004 - May 2005. It is conducted every six years and its aim is to give a general picture of daily and long-distance passenger travel of Finns aged 6 years and over within national

borders and abroad.

The survey covers all travel undertaken by the respondent at the day before the interview (or during the last 4 weeks for trips longer than 100km). Specifically, information covered for each trip includes its start and end location, the total distance travelled, its purpose, the total travel time, the modes of travel

used alongside with their sequence and the status of the respondent as a driver or passenger.


The main characteristics of the Finish national travel survey are presented in the table below.

Table 15. Main characteristics of the Finish national travel survey; 2005


2.86


41.8


70.8

Passenger-kilometres*

(million) 81 461

* Source: Pilot Questionnaire on a harmonised data collection developed under the project ‘Development of passenger mobility statistics’; 2006

The above indicators can further breakdown into mode and purpose of transport.

Breakdown variables




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As it is indicated in the above graph, motorised private transport and passenger car in specific is by far the mode of transport with the highest on average number of trips per person per day. It is followed by the non-motorised private transport (walking and cycling in specific) and public transport (primarily

bus/coach and rail).

Figure 8. Distribution of trips by age and gender

As it is indicated in the above graph, women of 18-54 years of age travel more than the corresponding group of males. The pattern changes for the other age groups in which males between 6 and 17 years old and those of 55 years of age and over travel more than the corresponding groups of females.

Nevertheless, there is no substantial difference in total number of trips between the two sexes.




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Figure 9. Travel distance (km) /person/day by mode of transport

The longest on average distance (32km) per person per day was covered by motorised private transport and passenger car in specific. It was followed by the distance travelled by public transport (bus/coach and rail in specific) and less the one covered by the other modes of public transport as well

as the non-motorised private transport.

Figure 10. Distance in km by purpose




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The longest distance travelled per person per day was for leisure purposes. It was followed by the distance travelled for work, shopping, business and education.

Figure 11. Travel time (min) per person per day by mode of transport

As it is indicated in the above graph, the greatest time on average spent per person per day was for trips made by a motorised private transport and in specific for those trips made on a passenger car. It was followed by the time spent on a non-motorised private transport (walking and cycling in specific). The least time was spent on trips made by the public transport.

Figure 12. Travel time (min) per person per day by purpose




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Trips made for leisure take by far longer than those made for work, shopping, business and education.

2.10 France

General information

A French survey on transport and displacements was carried out during the period May 2007 - April 2008 by the INSEE (French Statistical National Institute) and the Ministry of Transport. Its aim was to describe the mobility of households living in France and it covers information on the purpose of travel, its length, the mode of transport used and the time frame of the travel. It was planned that results from the latest survey would be available in summer 2009. However, they have not been disseminated yet. There is also a continuous panel survey, named ‘follow-up of the tourism demand of French people’ that includes since 2002 daily trips of over 100km.


As the results of the most recent French national survey on transport and displacements are not yet available we present the results from the national survey of transport and communication carried out in

1994.

Table 16. Main features of French national travel survey; 1994

Average number of trips/person/day* 3.8

Average travel distance (km) / person / day*

47.8

Average total travel time (min) / person / day* 68.3

Passenger-kilometres*(million) 1 891

* Source: Pilot Questionnaire on a harmonised data collection developed under the project ‘Development of passenger mobility statistics’; 2006. The figures on the first three indicators refer to population using car

Figure 13. Average travel distance (km) per person per day by purpose of travel; 1994




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As it can be seen from the above graph, people travel longer distances for leisure than for any other purpose. Specifically, the average distance travelled with the use of passenger car was about 24km/person/day much greater than the distance travelled by the total population (14km/person/day).

Figure 14. Average travel time (min) per person per day by purpose of travel; 1994

A similar picture is observed for the time spent on travelling. Most of it is spent for leisure than for any other purpose. Specifically, an average of about 33 min/person/day is spent for leisure purposes when travelling by car while the respective time spent by the total population on this purpose is about 20min/person/day.

Figure 15. Number of trips per person per day by purpose of travel; 1994




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Similarly, more trips are made for leisure than for any other purpose. Specifically, the number of trips carried out by car was almost twice as much as those carried out by the total population.

2.11 Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM)

General information

No survey on passenger and car passenger mobility in specific has ever carried out in FYROM. However, a passenger mobility survey is possible to be carried out in future probably under IPA 2011. The IPA is the key tool of the Commission’s pre-accession assistance strategy for the period 2007-2013. The purpose of IPA is to support countries in their transition from potential candidates to

candidate countries and through to membership of the European Union.


No available results

2.12 Germany

General information

Two main surveys on passenger mobility have been implemented in Germany.

The first one is the Mobility in Germany (MiD), a cross-sectional survey implemented in 2008 and it

covers all travel undertaken by the respondent at one day prior to the interview.

The second survey is the German Mobility Panel (MOP). This is a longitudinal survey that reports mobility of one given week and it was last carried out in 2008. It includes an annual survey on odometer readings with variables on vehicle-kilometres and fuel consumption. The following tables present the results from MiD2008 and MOP2008. Main features of passenger mobility The following table shows the main characteristics of the two passenger mobility surveys conducted in Germany.

Table 17. Main characteristics of the German passenger mobility surveys

Mobility in Germany (MiD2008)

Mobility Panel

(MOP2008)

Average number of trips/person/day 3.5 3.4


41.0 40.0


80 80




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2.13 Greece

General information

In Greece no survey on passenger mobility, car mobility or any other related issue has ever conducted. However, there are data available for the years 1994-2000 concerning the measurement of the volume of road traffic in VKm obtained from administrative sources and mainly based on estimates. However, the data should not be validated as sufficient enough for this specialized exercise. In addition, from 2001 onwards there is not data available on the volume of road traffic measured in VKm at national level.

2.14 Hungary

Hungary has carried out for first time a passenger mobility survey, with reference year 2009. It covers information related to trip’s origin and destination, its purpose and distance travelled, the duration of the trip and the modes of transport used as well as information about its cost. More specifically the information collection focuses on travel by any mode of transport and in particular by car, coach or bus. A test exercise was carried out in 2006, the conclusions of which are implemented for launching the current passenger mobility survey. The survey is still ongoing and the results will be made

available by June 2010.


The results from the passenger mobility survey will be made available by June 2010.

2.15 Iceland

Iceland did not reply to Eurostat’s request. Thus, there is no information on passenger mobility survey(s) conducted in the country or any other alternative way for measuring traffic performance.

2.16 Ireland

General information

Ireland has carried out for first time the National Travel survey in 2009. The survey was conducted as a module on the LFS during October - November 2009.

The aim of the survey is to identify the different types of transport options that people use daily as well as the combinations of options used (i.e. ‘modal-split’). Additionally, other generic transport indicators are collected to complement the modal-split data including the availability of public transport and disability/mobility issues.

No analysis has yet been implemented on the data collected.




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2.17 Italy

General information

No survey on passenger and/or car mobility or any other related issue has ever carried out in Italy.

2.18 Latvia

General information

A most recent mobility survey was carried out in 2008. Its purpose was to assess the daily mobility needs of the Latvian population and it covers all the trips undertaken by the respondent at the day prior to the interview. However, results from 2008 are not yet available. Therefore, results from 2003 are described in the tables below.


The following table presents the main characteristics of the Latvian survey.

Table 18. Main characteristics of the Latvian short distance mobility survey; 2003


1.89


8.7


12.97

Passenger-kilometres (million)*

14 795

* Source: Pilot Questionnaire on a harmonised data collection developed under the project ‘Development of passenger mobility

statistics’; 2006

At least three of the above indicators can be broken down into mode of transport, distance class, trip purpose and age category, as it is shown below.

Breakdown variables




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Figure 16. Distribution of trips by distance class

As it is indicated above, the majority of trips are made within a distance of less than 5km (56%), while 26% of the travel is between 5 and 10km. For 11% of the trips the travelled distance is between 10 and 20km and 4% of travelling is for distance between 20 and 40km. Only 2% of the trips are made for distance over 40km.





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As it is indicated above, the non-motorised private transport (walking and cycling) was the most frequent mode of transport used, while motorised private and public transport were equally used by the respondents.


The above graph indicates that travel made for work was most frequently reported. It is followed by trips made for leisure and shopping, while trips for education and business purposes are less frequent. There was also 8% of trips made for change of mode of transport.

Figure 19. Distribution of trips by age




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Most trips are made by persons aged 25 to 50 years while persons less than 25 years of age travel as much as those aged over 50 years.

2.19 Liechtenstein

General information

A survey on passenger mobility was conducted in 2000 as part of the census. Its aim was to report daily mobility of the population by means of transport and covers variables related to start and end location of the trip, total distance travelled, total travel time both at trip and at stage level, modes of

travel used for each trip and for each stage of a trip and car ownership.

A new survey, Census 2010, is planned to be carried out by 31 December 2010.

Main features of the census

No results are available

2.20 Lithuania

General information

No survey on passenger, car mobility or any other related issue has ever carried out. Nevertheless, data on vehicle-kilometres is collected through a sample survey on statistics on the carriage of goods by roads, a survey on public passenger carried by road, a household sample survey (for the estimation of VKm on passenger cars and motorcycles) as well as through 2005 census of motor traffic on main international traffic arteries in Europe and a survey on transport volumes on state roads outside built-up areas.

2.21 Luxembourg

Luxembourg did not reply to Eurostat’s request for providing information on passenger mobility surveys. Nevertheless Luxembourg conducts a general census of population every 10 years and a

part of the results presents an overview of internal migrations and commuters.


No results are currently available

2.22 Netherlands

General information

The Dutch travel survey (OViN) is conducted from 2010 by Netherlands Statistics as a follow-up of the Mobility Research Netherlands (MON) survey and Dutch travel survey (OVG). The most recent MON was carried out in 2008 and covers information on origin and destination of the trip, the distance




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travelled, the purpose of the travel, the time spent and the modes of transport used. Moreover, information on status of the respondent as passenger or driver, the ownership of the mode of transport and the number of co-passenger is covered. However, the most up-to-date results available have been conducted by MON 2007. Figures over the research year 2010 are expected to be carried out in the middle of 2011. Main features of passenger mobility Results for the following indicators are currently available.

Table 19. Main characteristics of the Dutch travel survey (MON); 2007


Average total travel time (min)/person/day

60.72

Average travel distance (km)/person/day 32.58 Source: CBS’s StatLine database The above indicators can further breakdown into the following variables. Breakdown variables

Table 20. Travel characteristics by mode of transport; 2007


Average distance(km)/person/day

Average total travel time(min)/person/day

Motorised transport 1.59 28.12 40.37

Car (Driver) 0.99 16.51 22.28

Car (Passenger) 0.46 7.88 10.20

Train 0.06 2.72 4.68

Bus/tram/metro 0.08 1.01 3.21

Non-motorised transport

1.41 4.47 20.34

Walking/running 0.58 0.81 7.58

Cycling 0.78 2.49 11.17

Other 0.05 1.17 1.59

Total 2.99 32.58 60.72 Source: CBS’s StatLine database As it is indicated in the above table, daily trips were almost equally distributed between motorised and non-motorised transport. Moreover, the average distance travelled by motorised transport was 28.12km per person per day while the corresponding distance for non-motorised transport was only 4.47km. The average total travel time per person per day was 40.37 minutes and most of it was spent as a car driver while less time was spent on public transport. On the other hand, the average total travel time spent by non-motorised transport (walking and cycling) was 20.34 minutes.




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Table 21. Travel characteristics by purpose; 2007


Average distance(km)/person/day

Average total travel time(min)/person/day

Work 0.52 8.78 14.01

Business 0.09 2.62 3.20

Services/personal care

0.11 1.060.74 1.65

Shopping 0.61 3.08 7.94

Education 0.28 1.98 5.39

Visits/stays 0.43 6.80 9.80

Walk 0.32 2.85 8.04

Recreational 0.68 7.00 15.44

Other recreational 0.36 4.15 7.40

Other 0.27 1.58 3.29

Total 2.99 32.58 60.72 Source: CBS’s StatLine database As it is indicated above, most trips were dedicated for recreational purposes and less for shopping and going to/from work. Similarly, the longest distance travelled was for recreational purposes, going to/from work as well as for visits/stays and shorter distance for any other activity. Moreover, most time was spent for recreational purposes, work and visits/stays than for shopping, education and other activities.

Table 22. Passenger-kilometres by mode of transport; 2007

Passenger-kilometres (millions)

Motorised transport 171

Car (Driver) 97.5

Car (Passenger) 52.0

Train 15.7

Bus/tram/metro 5.8

Non-motorised transport

26.3

Walking/running 5.4

Cycling 14.2

Other 6.7

Total 204 Source: CBS’s StatLine database

2.23 Norway

General information

A most recent personal travel survey was conducted in 2009. Its purpose is to get knowledge about the travel behaviour of the Norwegian population aged 13 years and over and covers all travel undertaken by the respondent at the day prior to the interview. However, results from 2009 are not yet available. Therefore, results from 2005 are described in the tables below.




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The main results of the 2005 travel survey are presented below.

Table 23. Main characteristics of the Norwegian personal travel survey; 2005



37.4

Average total travel time (min) / person / day 70

The above indicators can further breakdown into the following variables. Breakdown variables

Figure 20. Average travel time by purpose; 2005

Most time is spent for leisure than for any other purposes (work, school, accompany, shopping).




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Figure 21. Average travel distance (km) by purpose; 2005

The longest distances are travelled for work and leisure purposes rather than accompanying, shopping and school purposes.

2.24 Poland

General information

No survey on passenger and/or car mobility or any other related issue has ever carried out. However, the General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways collects data on national roads through the General Traffic Census 2005, origin-destination surveys (2007) and border’s surveys (2006).

2.25 Portugal

General information

A mobility survey was conducted in 1998 by the National Statistical Institute. Its purpose was to describe the mobility behaviour of persons aged over 15 years and covered all trips of medium and long distance, i.e. trips of over 50km undertaken by the respondent during the reporting period.


Overall results for the Portuguese mobility survey’s main indicators are not available. Nevertheless, there is information on breakdown variables, as it is shown below.




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Car was the most frequent mode of transport. It is followed by trips made by bus, train, airplane, taxi and other mode of travel.

Figure 23. Distribution of travel distance by purpose

Most trips are made for leisure and business purposes and less for work and shopping and education purposes. There are also frequently reported trips made for purposes other than the ones already mentioned.




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2.26 Romania

General information

Two surveys on passenger mobility are carried out in Romania, while there is also a pilot survey carried out in 2009.

The first one entitled as ‘Passengers mobility survey (excluding railways transport and cab transport)’ involves companies with road transport of passengers as main activity, travel agencies and school transport units. It covers information on seats-km offered, number of transport passengers, passengers-km and motor vehicle travel-km. Depending on the destination the compiled variables can be classified into: a) urban transport (short-distance transport) and b) intercity and international

transport (long-distance transport).

The second survey is entitled ‘Resident’s touristic demand’ and its purpose is to establish the number of trips carried out by the residents in Romania and in abroad, the number of overnight stays and the touristic expenditure. It covers information about certain types of travel, i.e. touristic travel with overnight stays as well as professional trips conducted by people occupied in the transport. The pilot survey aims to collect information on transport by passenger cars on an annual basis. Specifically, it collects information on travel distance, travel purpose, total travel time, mode of travel used at each stage of a trip as well as information on the status of respondent (driver or passenger) and the number of co-passengers. No results from the pilot survey are available yet. Main features of passenger mobility The main features of the survey on passenger mobility by road are presented below.

Table 24. Million passenger-kilometres by mode of transport; 2005

Mode of transport Passenger-kilometres (Million)

Road transport 11 811

Rail transport 7 985

Inland waterways transport 24

Air transport 2 093

Total 21 913

2.27 Slovakia

General information

A survey on transport is carried out annually by the National Statistical Office. It includes those organizations of more than 20 employees whose main activity is transport. Its purpose is to obtain detailed data for freight and passenger transport by any mode of transport (bus, tram, trolleybus, train, plain and ship) except passenger car. The information collected includes the total distance travelled for each trip, which can be classified into short (up to 100km) and long distance (over 100km) and passenger transport from the country of residence to another country and via versa. Information about

the origin and destination of each stage of a trip is also recorded.




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In addition to the annual transport survey, there is a ‘quarterly sampling survey of trips’ whose aim is the collection of statistical information on the field of tourism too. This survey records the total number of trips undertaken by all persons aged 15 years and over during the reporting period.

Moreover, there is an ‘annual survey of passenger transport by bus via territory Slovakia’ carried out since 2006. It includes organisations which have the license of transport by bus and covers international regular and non-regular passenger transport by bus. Specifically, it covers information on

passengers, passenger-km, vehicle-kilometres and turnover for transport.

Finally, information on vehicle-kilometres is collected through road traffic counts and a weekly survey on goods vehicles in accordance with regulation 1172/98.


The main characteristics of the road traffic volume are shown in the tables below.

Table 25. Main characteristics of the Quarterly sampling survey of trips; 2010

Number of trips (only included trips with overnight stay) in million

9 128.297

Number of trips/ total population

1.7

The above indicators can be further broken down by territory as follows

Table 26. Number of trips broken down by territory; 2010

National territory Foreign territory Total

Number of trips (including overnight stay) in million

5 489.873 3 638.424 9 128.297

Number of trips travelled by car in million

3 604.720 1 482.363 5 087.083

2.28 Slovenia

General information

No survey on passenger and car passenger mobility in specific has ever carried out in Slovenia. Nevertheless, The Road Directorate at the Ministry of Transport collects data mainly from the counting

of vehicles on state roads for measuring road traffic volume.

2.29 Spain

General information

The ‘MOVILIA’ survey was carried out by the Ministry of Public Works. It was implemented during 2006-2007 in two faces: the first phase (MOVILIA 2006) focused on daily mobility while the second

phase (MOVILIA 2007) described long distance mobility.




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The former covers all travel undertaken by the respondent on the last day before the interview while the latter covers all trips of less than 100km but with an overnight stay and all trips of more than 100km. However, the last ‘MOVILIA’ survey which was carried out in 2007 focused on long distance

mobility, i.e. travel of more than 50km.

In both phases, the collected information includes origin and destination of a trip, its purpose, the total travel time, the number of stages, the modes of transport used and in the case of the ‘long distance’

mobility the number of overnight stays in the destination.

Moreover, information about the status of the respondent (passenger or driver), car ownership and number of co-passengers (in the daily mobility survey only) is covered.


The main characteristics of the ‘MOVILIA’ survey are shown in the following table.

Table 27. Average distance travelled (km) by purpose of travel; 2007

Purpose of travel Average total travel distance (km)

Work 269

Leisure 362

Visits 152

Second residence 151

Others 105

Total 256

As it can be seen from the above table, the longest distance is travelled for leisure and work rather than for any other purpose.

2.30 Sweden

General information

A national travel survey, named RES, was conducted during the period October 2005 – September

2006. Its purpose was to collect both daily and long-distance mobility data.

It covers all travel undertaken by the respondent during the reporting period (one day for short distance and 30 days for journeys exceeding 100km one-way or 60 days for journeys exceeding 300km one-way) including professional trips on road for the daily travelling part of the questionnaire and professional trips made by people occupied as crew for the long distance part.


Below we present the main features of the passenger mobility survey.

Table 28. Main characteristics of the Swedish travel survey; 2005-2006


3.5


40.0


70.0




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2.31 Switzerland

General information

The ‘Microcensus on travel behaviour’ survey is currently being carried out by the Swiss Federal Statistical Office and will end in February 2011. Its aim is to describe passenger traffic in Switzerland.

This survey is conducted every 5 years and covers all travel undertaken by the respondent at one, equally selected over the year, day prior to the interview. Specifically, it covers information on start and end location of a trip, the travelled distance, trip purpose and total travel time, the number of stages and modes of transport used (alongside with their sequence) and duration of stay at destination. Information about car ownership, number of co-passengers and attitudes to national travel policy was

also recorded.

The results of the survey will be available at the beginning of 2012. Below we present the results of the survey conducted in 2005.


The main features of the Swiss passenger mobility survey are presented below.

Table 29. Main characteristics of the ‘Microcensus on travel behaviour’ survey; 2005


3.3


37.3


88.4

Passenger-kilometres (millions) 90 874

The above indicators can break down into variables by mode of transport, trip purpose and age category.




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Figure 24. Distribution of trips by purpose of travel; 2005

As it can be seen from the above figure, most trips are taken place for leisure than for any other purposes. Work and shopping are the second and third most frequent purposes for travel.

Figure 25. Distribution of travel distance purpose of travel; 2005

As it is indicated above, most distance is travelled for leisure purposes and less for work, shopping and any other purpose.




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Figure 26. Average travel time per person per day by mode of transport; 2005

As it is indicated in the above graph, travel time is almost equally distributed between motorised and non-motorised private transport while substantially less time is spent on public transport.

Figure 27. Average travel distance (km) by mode of transport

As it is indicated above most distance is travelled by motorised private transport and much less by public and other non-motorised mode of transport.




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2.32 Turkey

General information

A new survey named ‘Passenger Mobility Survey’ has started in January 2010 and the fieldwork will continue until the end of the year. It is funded under MBP 2006 and coordinated with Eurostat. The analyzed data are planned to be transmitted to Eurostat until the end of March 2010 and to be made publicly available by May 2011. It aims to give information on passenger mobility at rural and urban

breakdowns.

The survey covers all trips planned to be undertaken by the respondents aged 6 years old and over the following week of the interview. It collects information on the number of trips, the distance travelled, the origin and destination, the transport modes or vehicles used. Information related to travel time and purpose, expenditure of transport activity, income and education level of the respondent is also

recorded.


No results are currently available

2.33 United Kingdom

General information

A national travel survey (NTS) has been running continuously since 1988. The 2009 National Travel Survey (NTS) is the latest in an established series of household surveys of personal travel in Great Britain. It is a large scale household survey designed to monitor long-term trends in personal travel patterns and provide a databank of personal travel information in Great Britain. Its results are published annually. The survey covers information related to trip’s origin and destination, its purpose and the mode of transport used, the trip time and the distance travelled, as well as information about its cost. Moreover, the survey covers variables related to transport and services accessibility(i.e. factors that affect personal travel such as car availability, driving licence holding and access to key services). Additionally, NTS provides details into the fuel and mileage chart. The most recent survey

was carried out in 2009 and results are presented below.

Main features of the survey

The following table presents the main characteristics of the 2009 national travel survey.

Table 30. Main characteristics of the NTS; 2009


2.67


29.87


61.15

The above indicators can break down into variables by mode of transport and purpose of travel




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Figure 28. Average travel distance (km) by purpose of travel; NTS 2009

As it can be seen from the above figure, most distance is travelled for commuting purposes than for any other purposes. Visiting friends at private home and shopping are the second and third most frequent purposes for travel.

Figure 29. Average travel time (min) by purpose of travel; NTS 2009




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As it is indicated in the above graph, travel time is spent for commuting purposes while substantially time is spent for shopping and visiting friends at home.

Figure 30. Average number of trips by main mode of transport; NTS 2009

Source: Department for Transport (The latest information from the National Travel Survey)

As it can be seen from the above figure, trips by car (passenger or driver) accounted for 62.8% of all trips made. However, trips made by bicycle or rail are the less frequent ones.

Figure 31. Average distance travelled by main mode of transport; NTS 2009

Source: Department for Transport (The latest information from the National Travel Survey)




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As it is indicated above most distance is travelled by car (driver or passenger) and much less by public and other non-motorised mode of transport (walk or bicycle).

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