Daily TAKS Connection:Periodic Table

IPC(7): The student knows relationships exist between properties of matter and its components. The student is expected to:

(D) relate the chemical behavior of an element. including bonding, to its placement on the periodic table.

Day 1

Construct a folded book foldable and title “Periodic Table”

Materials: Foldable handout (2

pages) Scissors Pen Colored

pencils/crayons Periodic Table

(needed daily for note-taking activities)

Instructions: Hamburger fold the

foldable handouts Cut 2 cm slits from the

edges of the fold of the handout that has page 2 (as marked)

Cut along the fold line of the other sheet of paper beginning and ending about 2 cm from each end (as marked).

Burrito fold and insert paper from step 2 into the hole and open, forming a book.

Day 2 notes

Record the following on page 1 of your foldable: number of protons is the same as the atomic number;

used to ID an element

Student Task: ID this element

Question

An element has 24 protons. What element is it?

A. Magnesium

B. Molybdenum

C. Chromium

D. Iron

Question

A certain atom has a nucleus containing nine protons and ten neutrons and has nine electrons orbiting the nucleus. This atom is a form of the element —

a. potassium

b. fluorine

c. neon

d. calcium

Question

Alpha particles are one type of radioactivity. These particles have a nucleus of two protons and two neutrons but have no orbital electrons. Based on this information, it can be inferred that alpha particles are positive ions of the element —

a. actinium

b. curium

c. radium

d. helium

Day 3 notes

Record the following notes on page 2 of your foldable

“groups” or “families” are the columns on the Periodic Table

elements in the same group have similar physical and chemical properties

Question

Which of the following groups contains members with similar chemical reactivity?

a. Li, Na, K

b. Be, Mg, Na

c. K, Ca, Sc

d. P, S, Cl

Question

The bonding characteristics of nitrogen are most similar to the bonding characteristics of —

a. hydrogen

b. silicon

c. helium

d. phosphorus

Day 4 notes

Record the following notes on page 3 of your foldable

Group 18 are called “noble gases” 8 valence electrons (stable octet) noble gases are resistant to forming

compounds

Student Task: Color and label the noble gases on the drawing on page 3 of your foldable.

Question

The elements of which of these groups on the periodic table are least likely to form compounds?

a. Group 1

b. Group 9

c. Group 14

d. Group 18

Question

Elements found in which shaded area of this periodic table undergo the fewest chemical reactions?

a. Q

b. R

c. S

d. T

Day 5 notes

Metals Nonmetals

Left of bold line (staircase) Right of bold line (staircase)

Lose electrons when bonding Gain electrons when bonding

Form ca+ions Form anions

Positive ions (positive oxidation numbers)

Negative ions (negative oxidation numbers)

Record the following notes on page 4 of your foldable

Ionic Bonds:• when metals form bonds with nonmetals •Halogens, group 17 elements, form ionic compounds (salts) called halides

Day 6 notes

Student Task On the top drawing on page 5 of your foldable,

shade the metals one color and the nonmetals a different color.

On bottom drawing on page 5 of your foldable, shade the halogen group.

Question

Elements in Group 2 of the periodic table usually —

a. form large molecules

b. lose electrons when bonding

c. act like nonmetals

d. liquefy at room temperature

Question

Sodium fluoride is a type of halide used in toothpaste to help strengthen teeth. Elements from which group in the periodic table are necessary to form halide compounds?

a. Group 4

b. Group 5

c. Group 10

d. Group 17

Question

The elements from which of the following groups are most likely to react with potassium (Na)?

a. Group 2

b. Group 7

c. Group 13

d. Group 17

Day 7 notes

Record the following notes on page 6 of your foldable

How to determine oxidation numbers1. Find the group number (roman numeral) for the element

(located at the top of the group).2. Determine if the element is a metal or a nonmetal.

1. If it is a metal, the roman numeral value from the group number is the positive value of the oxidation number. Example: Hydrogen is in group IA; therefore the oxidation number

is +1 and the cation is written H1+.

OR

2. If it is a nonmetal, subtract the roman numeral value from eight. Assign a negative sign to the oxidation number. Example: F is in group VIIA; 8 – 7 = 1; therefore the oxidation

number is -1 and the anion is written F1-.

Question

What is the oxidation number of Mg?

A. 1+

B. 1-

C. 2+

D. 2-

Question

According to the periodic table, which of these elements will form an ion with a –3 charge?

a. N

b. La

c. Li

d. Rb

Question

Which shaded area of the periodic table shown shows the location of elements that require the least energy to lose two electrons?

A. Q

B. R

C. S

D. T

Day 8 notes –

Ca2+ Cl1- Ca1 Cl2

CaCl2

Record the following notes on the top of page 7 of your foldable

Criss-Cross Method for writing ionic compound formulas

• Rule: Value of oxidation # of cation becomes the subscript of the anion• Rule: Value of oxidation # of anion becomes the subscript of the cation

Question

According to this information, what is the chemical formula for sodium oxide?

A. NaO

B. NaO2

C. Na2O

D. Na2O2

Na1+ O2-

Question

According to this information, what is the chemical formula for magnesium fluoride?

A. MgF

B. MgF2

C. Mg2F

D. Mg2F2

Mg2+ F1-

Question

According to this information, what is the chemical formula for potassium sulfate?

A. K2SO4

B. K4(SO4)2

C. K2(SO4)2

D. KSO4

K1+ SO42-

Question

The ionic compounds that result from combining Group 1 and Group 17 elements have a 1:1 ratio because

a. Group 1 elements are electrically neutral

b. Group 1 elements have one valence electron

c. Group 1 elements contain neutrons in the nucleus

d. Group 1 contains more elements than other groups

Day 9 notes

Record the following notes on the bottom of page 7 of your foldable Covalent Bonds

Non-metals form bonds with non-metals Elements share electrons Examples: CO2, CH4

Carbon, Oxygen, and Hydrogen are all nonmetals

Question

Nitrogen forms covalent bonds with which of the following elements?

A. Sodium

B. Iron

C. Carbon

D. Neon

Question

The model above shows how an unidentified element, X, forms covalent bonds with oxygen. In which group on the periodic table does Element X most likely belong?

A. Group 2B. Group 7C. Group 15D. Group 18