Presented by:

Arthur Bryden

Founder & Inventor

LAIC TECHNOLOGIES INC

(LAIC SYSTEM)

LIQUID ARC

INDUCED CAVITATIONS

Contact:

Arthur Bryden

LAIC Technologies Inc.

Tele: 250-661-2815 - Email: abryden@bellnet.ca

FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT

The Company

LAIC Technologies Inc. is a small privately held company that has been

successful in the development of a creative ‘market ready’ solution to

water treatment that is less costly, more efficient and more

environmentally friendly than the existing chemical methods of water

treatment.

The Company is at an early stage of corporate development, however,

over the past twenty years, has pioneered and enhanced the efficiency of

‘Electro Technology’ resulting in a device that can be used as a non-

chemical method for controlling or eliminating unwanted microorganisms

from industrial and municipal water systems.

The company’s technology is immediately applicable to a wide array of

commercially important water treatment applications. Many uses have

been identified to solve the world-wide environmental issues currently

unaddressed.

The Principal

Arthur Bryden is the founder of LAIC TECHNOLOGIES Inc. and the inventor

of the Liquid Arc Induced Cavitation (LAIC) System

Partnered with research groups at: – MIT - Cambridge, MA

– McMaster University - Hamilton, Ontario

– University of Poitier - Poitier, France

– University of Waterloo - Waterloo, Ontario

Previously successfully designed and implemented: – Specialized capacitors for customers at Duracap International Inc.

– Classified projects for the Canadian Department of National Defence.

– Development of a sequencer for Alpha Technologies (Sun Microsystems contract)

– A smart thermostat to serve as an economizer for air conditioning systems

– Gas sensors for Change Air Products Ltd.

Proprietary Technology

Patent information

The patents are registered and published in the United States and Canada.

Arthur Bryden wrote the patents under the guidance of the Thompson and

Cooper law firm of Victoria, British Columbia.

The patent can be found with title links to the name Liquid Arc Induced

Cavitation.

Reference Links http://www.google.com/patents/US8480963

Introducing LAIC Technology

Liquid Arc Induced Cavitation (LAIC)

• Concept first developed for removal of Zebra mussels invading navigation

channels in Saint Lawrence Seaway

• Lake Champlain Coalition of Water Suppliers successfully utilized system in

Vermont, USA (early 1990s) to inhibit infestation of Zebra mussels into drinking

water inlets, and clean pipes and destabilize particulate material.

• Studies have shown effectiveness in eliminating bacteria and viruses,

specifically Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis (accepted surrogate for

Cryptosporidium sp.).

• Supportive studies of LAIC devices have been published over the past 15 years

by a number of Canadian and International Universities.

• For the past 5 years, the focus has been concentrated on enhancing operating

characteristics/program variables in order to account for environments

encountered in the water treatment industry.

How the Technology Works LAIC Technology in Action

1. A continuous series of powerful plasma sparks are

created between electrodes immersed in water.

2. These sparks - like lightning - send out shock waves

that can break the atomic link that holds together the

oxygen and hydrogen atoms of water molecules,

releasing these atoms into the liquid as so-called

"free radicals."

3. This is known as cavitation, and gives the appearance

of bubbles behind the wave fronts as they travel

through the fluid.

4. These bubbles become high-energy "sparks"

themselves and the free radicals of oxygen they

contain are super-reactive, binding with any carbon-

or nitrogen- based molecules that happen to be

present.

5. Process creates oxidation reactive atoms and

molecules, including ozone, O2, OH, H2O2, in H2O

contained in reactor.

6. They are so reactive that they will bind with metal ions

in solution, creating in many instances insoluble

metallic salts of oxygen that settle out.

Toxic water is run into the reactor where

pulse burning takes place; then to an outlet

pipe to disperse treated water

Treatment of water in continuous flow

conditions may be accomplished with a

single LAIC system if flow rate is low or

multiple systems if flow rate is high

Operation of multiple systems can be

coordinated by a single microprocessor

receiving operational and treatment

information for entire array

LAIC System in Application

Microcontroller electrode feeding control algorithm with a USB port and

feedback sensors for real-time analysis and data logging allows

unsupervised automated running of device(s) and remote monitoring,

while maintaining optimum operating efficiency.

System Design Features

• The unique capacitor bank that stores the energy for each high current, high voltage

arc discharge is design specific, utilizing innovations to improve reliability, efficient

energy transfer and significantly lower capital cost of the unit.

• The power requirement for each unit is under 300 watt seconds

• The Capacitor Bank can be easily changed or reconfigured to adjust the energy

required for each pulse i.e. 100 joules to 3000 joules per pulse

• The period between each pulse can be adjusted to maximize effective oxidation

reduction coverage of the liquid contained inside the reactor.

• Spreading losses of the acoustic pulse from the LAIC System are low. This is due to

the non-compressibility of water.

• The LAIC System takes advantage of the non-compressibility or hydraulic qualities of

water to demonstrate efficacy for economy of scale.

• Maintenance is easily managed with removable electrodes to maximize operational

time.

Available Sensors

pH

Flow

Particle Counter

Dissolve Gas

Water Conductivity Motor

optical positioning

Water Temperature

Static Pressure

Acoustic Neobate

Optical

System Design Features

Real-Time Analysis

& Data Logging

Magnetrons

• Magnetrons can be optimized to operate at close to 2 Kw for pulsed

operation

• This type of microwave transmitter power conversion efficiency is 70%

as compared to solid state devices operating at 25% efficiency

• For pulse operation, the filament is power managed to reduce losses

• The magnetron operates at a duty cycle of once every 2 seconds for 30

milliseconds

Magnetron Cut Away View

• The picture shows the electrode configuration in the plastic pipe

reactor

• Magnetrons are situated inline and attached to sections of pipe

• The magnetrons radiate microwave energy at 2 kW into the water flow

cavitation field. Operation is controlled by a computer algorithm best

suited to achieve optimized oxygen species generation. Placement of

magnetrons along plastic pipe is dependent on dielectric absorption

losses of the water to be treated.

Plastic Blue Brute Pipe Reactors

Magnetrons

The picture shows the microwave spectrum best suited for lowest

dielectric losses of water molecules and indicates the two emission

lines present in the L band of microwave frequencies

The above figure highlights the frequencies which allow for polar

molecule stretching and energy absorption of hydrogen line and

(neutral oxygen hydrogen) hydroxide molecules

Magnetrons

LAIC’s Capacitors:

– Are novel, and a finished product by themselves

– Are not subject to regulatory hurdles

– Differentiated from available products on the market through

their fast rise time and their ability to do repetitive long lasting

high current discharges

– Metal film electrostatic capacitors are only able to handle

currents <200amps – completely unable to handle high surge

currents. LAIC capacitors can handle currents of kilo amps

magnitudes.

Electrostatic Hybrid Capacitors

Technical Specs

• Dimensions = 3.5" diameter X 8 5/8' height

• 10,000 volt DC with a high post terminal 1/4 28 thread

• Polyvinyl chloride double sleeve stud mount with Mylar insulation for terminal

conductive creepage and clearance

• Capacitance range = 3 to 6 uF

• Discharge currents at 2.5k amp / second under critically

damped circuit conditions

• <20% voltage reversal

• Energy storage = 200 joules

Long lasting, reliable, with a fast rise time

Able to do repetitive long lasting high current discharges

Electrostatic Hybrid Capacitors

LAIC Advantages vs Current Treatments

Treatment Disadvantages and Side Effects LAIC Solution Advantages

Chlorine • Binds with carbon and nitrogen-based compounds to produce substances that are even more toxic

• Form toxins called trihalomethanes (THMs) associated with asthma, bladder cancer and heart disease

• Does not adequately treat organisms such as Cryptosporidium – now being governed by the EPA with new rules, treated by some municipalities using UV and Ozone

• Broad-spectrum treatment against pathogens and toxic water without the addition of chemicals.

• Increase safety of recycled water, displace chlorine, reduce costs, and increase the volume of reusable water.

• Solution to treat Cryptosporidium

Ozone • Ozone – O3 - a gas that is both toxic and hazardous • It is also unstable and very expensive • Requires significant monitoring and complex

equipment

• Central control of devices in sequence.

• Cavitation and water treatment is confined to the reactor in a safe environment

UV • Need to filter water first so its clear, before treatment • Not effective in treated turbid or colored water • Potential of exposure to mercury if UV light breaks • Can be more expensive to use than Chlorine

• Fully functional in turbid water, no interim step required.

LAIC Differentiation and Competitive Advantages Mode of action based on 4 different treatment mechanisms that kill living

organisms and degrade chemical contaminants:

– a hot spot at the center of each bubble, an acoustic shock wave, UV

radiation, and OH radicals

Device is energy cost-efficient:

– $0.014/m3, compared to ozone costs $0.25/m3 and chlorine costs 0.30/m3

System is flexible enough to fit into existing infrastructure

The Faraday Cage enclosing the system ensures necessary safety and operating

regulations

Customized capacitor bank maximizes reliability, efficient energy transfer and

low capital cost/unit

Microcontroller electrode feeding control algorithm provides sensed information

to microprocessor- sensors facilitate modeling, real-time analysis and data

logging.

Potential Markets for LAIC Market Application Benefits

Municipal Waste Water • Chlorine replacement at the end of treatment cycle, prior to disposal

• Cost benefit and environmental benefit

Waste Water from Fracking • On site treatment of waste water prior to transportation

• Removes arsenic, lead, iron and chromium from water

Medical Water • On site, prior to disposal of waste water into municipal sewer

• Can treat viruses, pharmaceuticals, antibiotics, hormones and dissolved metals in water

Oil Sands Tailing Ponds • Treatment of open air toxic waste pools threatening environment

• Removal of heavy metals from tailings

Agriculture/Rural • On site at individual water treatment • Kills e-coli, and other harmful bacteria prior to consumption

Water Intake for Municipal and Industrial

• In sequence at the intake stage • Destroys zebra-mussels in pipes, resulting in maximum water intake

3rd World Water Purification • On-site at water treatment or large centres of distribution/wells

• Decrease in pollutants and treatment of arsenic

Waste Water Treatment

Logistics

Experimental evidence to date suggests that the LAIC technology can replace

chlorine in most water treatment applications

Theoretically, 40 LAIC devices of the current design operated in series and

parallel could process 20-million gallons of municipal water a day as a final

step after settlement and filtration.

The LAIC Units couple directly to standard blue plastic pipe commonly used in

the water industry

Direct implementation into existing infrastructure .i.e. pipe treatment reactor

pre-treatment into settlement ponds or final treatment pipe to disinfect waste

water discharged into lakes and streams

Benefits

The resulting discharge into a river or the sea would be much cleaner in terms

of dissolved chemicals than achievable by chlorine

Fracking – Recent Trial Completed

Background

In May 2013, LAIC Technologies Inc. set up a feasibility trial with two prototypes

involving treating waste water produced by the fracking process.

The site is an oilfield waste management company with operations in North Texas.

The intention was to provide services for oilfield waste recycling, saltwater disposal

and waste hauling with a specific focus in managing all waste products generated

from the drilling and production of hydrocarbons

The Application

Waste water from fracking has a high content in solution of poisonous metals,

especially lead, chromium, copper and arsenic

Cavitation causes these metals to settle out of the water as insoluble salts which is

a unique advantage of the LAIC system.

Trial and Initial Results • The trial was conducted on June 11, 2013 by Environmental Testing Inc. of

Oklahoma City, using the two prototype LAIC units in situation – 150 gallons/min

using two units on a single line of 60 ft of pipe.

• After ten minutes of operation, within the waste water:

• Arsenic reduced to undetectable levels

• Lead reduced to undetectable levels

• Chromium reduced to undetectable levels

• Iron reduced by 98%

• Barium reduced by 74%

• Water then transported for re-use in fracking progress and neutralized precipitate

collected for disposal.

• Units remain in operation and full ETI Report available upon request.

Fracking – Recent Trial Completed

Reference Links

http://eti-lab.com/

Conference, 2014 Ending

LAIC TECHNOLOGIES INC

Contact:

Arthur Bryden

LAIC Technologies Inc.

Unit 5, 27 Copernicus Blvd.

Brantford, ON Canada N3P 1N4

Tele: 1-250-661-2815 - Email: abryden@bellnet.ca