data - an inexhaustible we wish you source of successful ... · open data portals is rising...
TRANSCRIPT
We wish you successful re-use!
DATA - AN INEXHAUSTIBLE
SOURCE OF BUSINESS IDEAS!
Information Commissioner
Pro
ced
ure
Did You Know?
• That you can find out in everymomentwherethefire isburn-ingandwherethefirebrigadeisheadedto?
• Thatdata from intelligentnavi-gation devices originate frompublic information (re-use ofpublicinformation)?
• Thatpublishingfoodinspectionresults helped reducing emer-gency room visits due to foodpoisoningby16%inonecityintheUSA?
• That data from roadworthinesstestswasusedtopreparealistofthemostcommonfailuresofdifferentcarmodels?
• That patient waiting times inhealth caremay reducedue tothe use of public sector infor-mation,andthattheapplication,showing patient waiting times,may be prepared for smartphones?
REQ
UES
T FO
R R
E-U
SE O
F PU
BLI
C S
ECTO
R IN
FOR
MAT
ION
Dea
dlin
e fo
r a
deci
sion
: 20
wor
king
day
s fr
om re
ceiv
ing
a co
mpl
ete
wri
tten
requ
est
CO
NTE
NTS
OF
THE
REQ
UES
T:-
The
info
rmat
ion
the
appl
ican
t wis
hes
to re
-use
;-
The
way
the
appl
ican
t wis
hes
to a
cqui
re th
e in
form
atio
n
(cla
ssic
al o
r el
ectr
onic
ally
reco
rd a
nd u
sual
ly a
lso
the
form
and
car
rier
of t
he re
cord
);-
The
purp
ose
of in
tend
ed re
-use
of i
nfor
mat
ion
(com
mer
cial
or
nonc
omm
erci
al p
urpo
ses)
SILE
NC
E O
F TH
E AU
THO
RIT
Y (w
hen
the
auth
ority
fails
to d
ecid
e w
ithin
the
dead
line)
NEG
ATIV
E D
ECIS
ION
O
F TH
E FI
RST
INST
ANC
E B
OD
Y
APPE
AL T
O T
HE
INFO
RM
ATIO
N C
OM
MIS
SIO
NER
STAT
UTO
RY
GR
OU
ND
S FO
R R
EFU
SAL:
- In
form
atio
n fr
om P
ara.
1.,
Art.
6 of
API
A (e
xem
ptio
ns fo
r cl
assi
c ac
cess
to p
ublic
info
rmat
ion)
; or
- In
form
atio
n pr
otec
ted
by th
e in
telle
ctua
l pro
pert
y ri
ghts
of t
hird
par
ties;
or
- In
form
atio
n he
ld b
y bo
dies
per
form
ing
publ
ic s
ervi
ces
of p
ublic
rad
io-t
elev
isio
n
or b
odie
s pe
rfor
min
g pu
blic
ser
vice
in fi
elds
of e
duca
tion,
rese
arch
and
cul
tura
l act
iviti
es; o
r-
Info
rmat
ion,
for
whi
ch a
noth
er A
ct (b
esid
es A
PIA)
stip
ulat
es a
cces
sibi
lity
only
to a
utho
rize
d pe
rson
s.
A CA
LL T
O T
HE
AUTH
OR
ITY
TO D
ECID
E U
PON
TH
E R
EQU
EST
POSI
TIVE
DEC
ISIO
N
OF
THE
FIR
ST IN
STAN
CE
BO
DY:
- B
egin
ning
of t
he re
-use
, co
nsid
erin
g th
e co
nditi
ons
set b
y th
e bo
dy in
the
deci
sion
;-
Paym
ent o
f the
pri
ce fo
r re
-use
, if i
t was
set
in th
e de
cisi
on
(the
body
may
dem
and
a pr
ior
depo
sit).
BAS
IC C
ON
DIT
ION
S FO
R C
HAR
GIN
G:
- O
nly
for
com
mer
cial
re-u
se (e
xcep
t in
case
of r
e-us
e fo
r th
e pu
rpos
e of
pro
vidi
ng in
form
atio
n,
ens
urin
g th
e fr
eedo
m o
f exp
ress
ion,
cul
ture
and
art
and
med
ia's
re-u
se o
f inf
orm
atio
n);
- Th
e pr
ice
shal
l not
cre
ate
disc
rim
inat
ion
betw
een
appl
ican
ts fo
r th
e sa
me
o
r co
mpa
rabl
e ca
tego
ry o
f re-
use
of in
form
atio
n; -
All
cond
ition
s on
re-u
se, t
he u
sual
pri
ce a
nd th
e co
st c
alcu
latio
n m
etho
d
mus
t be
tran
smitt
ed in
to th
e in
tern
et in
adv
ance
.
Dis
agre
emen
t with
pri
ceor
con
ditio
ns o
f re-
use
APPE
AL T
O T
HE
INFO
RM
ATIO
N C
OM
MIS
SIO
NER
ENFO
RC
EMEN
TO
F TH
E D
ECIS
ION
>>>
re-u
se >
>>
ADM
INIS
TRAT
IVE
DIS
PUTE
BEF
OR
E TH
E AD
MIN
ISTR
ATIV
E C
OU
RT
The brochure was realised with the support of the Project LAPSI, financed by the Union’s ICT Policy Support Programme as part of Competitiveness and Innovation Framework Programme.
portalsstimulateinnovation(forex-ample developing useful web andsmartphoneapplications)and leadto new or improved products andservicesonthemarket.Allthiscom-binedpositively influencestheeco-nomicgrowth.
The creation of open data portalsstimulates and facilitates the re-use of public sector information,because the potential re-users aremade aware of all the informationavailableforthere-useandcaneas-ilyaccesssuchinformation,avoidingsometimes complicated and long-lastingbureaucraticprocedures.
The number of states, regions andcities thathavealreadyestablishedopendataportals is risingmonthly.It is popular to have an open dataportal!!
Keyelementsofaqualityopendataportal:• Clearrulesofthegame–simple
and clear conditions (e.g. withthe use of licences) for the re-useof informationthat isavail-ableforthere-use;
• Quality, transparent, up-to-dateandtimelyinformation;
• Machine readable formats ofpublished information suitablefor further, automatised, dataprocessing;
• Publishing of raw, non-pro-cessedinformation;
• Thepossibilityofuserstoinflu-ence the content of open dataportals.
Itissafetosaythatitisimportanttostartestablishingopendataportalsin thestateandmunicipal levels inSlovenia aswell.However, the truevalueofsuchportalswillbedemon-stratedonlyifcitizenswillusethem
and create innovative, interestingand useful services or applicationsderivingfromthepublisheddata.
Onlysowillwewitnessbenefitsde-riving from development and eco-nomic growth for the society as awhole.
Ifinformationisnotyetavailableonthe Internet, thestep-by-stepguidebelowcanhelpapplicantstoreceivetheinformationforthere-use.
TheEUaimstoincreasethere-useofpublicsectorinformationwithle-gislative revisions so as to providethemarketandcompanieswithanoptimal legal framework to makebetteruseoftheirrightsandtoope-rateonthemarket.
In preparation for a revision of theDirectiveonthere-useofpublicsec-tor information, the European Co-mmission also financed the LAPSIproject,4 which was dedicated toanalysing this topic and to createincentives for “opening up” data,heldbypublicsector.TheSlovenianInformation Commissioner activelyparticipated in the project since itwaslaunchedin2010.
FromDataPortalstoRe-Use of Data
Inthecourseoftheirwork,regulatedbydifferent laws, public sectorbod-iescollectandproduceawiderangeof information. These are calledpublic sector information. With theadvances in technologyandthede-velopmentoftheInternet,“ordinary”citizenshavegainedtheopportunityto analyze, modify and re-use thisinformation,andthuscreatingsome-thing entirely new– a newproduct,aserviceetc..Onecan, forexample,obtain meteorological data, createdbyastateauthority,andusethemtocreate a program or an applicationformobilephonesthatinformsusersre-gularlyonweatherforecastsintheareawheretheyarelocated.Ifthede-velopersellssuchaprogram,hecaneven earn somemoney. This is thereasonwhythevalueofpublicinfor-mation increased considerably overthelastyears.Theestimatedvalueofthemarketforpublicsectorinforma-tionintheEUin2008was28billionEuro,andthetotalannualeconomicgainsfromre-useofpublicsectorin-
formationinthewholeEUeconomyaround140billionEuro.
With all this said, however, not onlyeconomic benefits are importantconsequencesofthere-useofpublicsectorinformation.Modifiedanden-richeddataalsobecomemoreavail-ableandevenmoreunderstandablefor average citizens; this helps tospread theknowledgeand increasetheaccessibilityofinformation.
In2003,theEUadoptedadirective,whichgoverns thefieldof re-useofpublic sector information. SloveniatransposedthisDirective2initslegalsystemwiththeamendmentsoftheAccess to Public InformationAct in2005.Theaimofthisbrochureistopresent a few interesting examplesofre-useofpublicsectorinformation,showtheprocedureforexercisingtherighttore-use,andexplaintheappealpossibilities before the InformationCommissioner.
Asitcanbeseenfrommanyexam-plespresentedinthisbrochure,pub-lic sector information may be usedformanydifferentpurposes.Theuseofpublicsector informationis,sotospeak, limited only by the imagina-tion of individuals. It may happen,however, that public sector bodiesdonotrecognisethedatatheyhaveasusefulorinterestingforthere-use.Forthisreason,bodiesshouldmakeavailable asmuch data as possibleandleavethejudgmentonwhatcanbedonewithsuchinformationtocre-ative individuals. It canbesaidwithacertainty thatopeningdatastimu-
latesthedevelopmentof interestingandusefulideas.
Oneofthepossiblewaysofmakinginformationavailabletothepublicisthroughtheso-calledopendatapor-tals.Dataportalsfacilitateaccessandre-use of information held by pub-licsector(mainlyintheformofdatasets)sothatindividualscananalyseand process such information andtherebycreateaddedvalue.
Ontheonehand,opendataportalshelpincreasetransparencyofpublicsectorand,on theotherhand, such
NIZOZEMSKA:
ESTONIA: o
pend
ata.r
iik.ee
HONG KONG: gov
.hk/en
/them
e/psi/w
elcom
e/
KENYA: ope
ndat
a.go.k
e
CHICAGO: dat
a.city
ofch
icago
.org
FRANCE: data.gouv.fr
BRAZIL: dad
os.go
v.br
Why doesn't my country / city have an open data portal?
“”
AUSTRALIA: data.gov.au
UK: data.gov.uk
USA: www.data.gov
NETHERLAND: data.overheid.nl
Berlin: daten.berlin.de
Vienna: data.wien.gv.at
Piemont: dati.piemonte.it
Paris: opendata.paris.fr
TUNISIA: opendata.tn
InformationCommissioner:www.ic-rs.siLAPSI:www.lapsi-project.euEuropeanPublicSectorInformationPlatform:epsiplatform.euOpenKnowledgeFoundation:okfn.orgEuropeanCommission,Europe’sInformationSociety-ThematicPortal:ec.europa.eu/information_society/policy/psi
UsefulLinks
Area/typeofpublic sector information
Examples of services that re-use public sector information
Realestate,Cadastre
• Aservicethatprovidesinformationonpricesofrealestateindifferentareas(withthepossibilityoffiltering)
• Aregistryofemptymunicipalandstaterealestates• Aservicethatprovidesinformationonlivingconditionsinindividualdistricts(withinformationon
proximityoffacilitieslikeschools,policestations,publictransport,oncrimerates,sizesofparks,averageGDPofresidents...)
Occurrences
• Crime-mapping–amapwithinformationaboutcrimelocationsorlocationsofpoliceinterventions• Amapofcurrentandpastfires,earthquakesandsimilarnaturaldisasters;• Listsofmunicipalfestivalsandholidays,bulkywastepick-upschedules,blooddonorcampaigns
etc.
Healthcare
• Crime-mapping–amapwithinformationaboutcrimelocationsorlocationsofpoliceinterven-tions
• Amapofcurrentandpastfires,earthquakesandsimilarnaturaldisasters;• Listsofmunicipalfestivalsandholidays,bulkywastepick-upschedules,blooddonorcampaigns
etc.
FinancesandBusiness
• Applicationthatshowsanalysesoffinancialandcorporateinformationgatheredfromdifferentregistries,whichhelpswithpreparingcreditassessmentreports
• Reportsonfast-growingcompaniesandmarketsfromdifferentregions,includinganalysisonpoliticalsituation,foreigninvestmentsetc.
Taxes • “Wheredidmytaxesgo”andsimilarapplicationscandemonstratehowtaxpaymentsofanindividualwerespent–howmuchwasspentforhealthcare,schoolssystem,army,environment...
Lawandregulation
• Collectionsoflegaltextswithaddedinformation,linksandadditionalservices• Enrichedcollectionsofcase-lawwithlinkstoforeignandEuropeancase-law
Politics,Publicfinances
• Structuredinformationon(formerandcurrent)activitiesofpoliticians(e.g.trackingeverydaypoliticalengagementsofanindividualMPwhoyouvotedfor)
• Analysis of proposals of laws, votes for individual laws, expressed positions and opinions of the politicians• Collectionofquestionsposedtopoliticians(e.g.toministersandMPs)andtheiranswers,structuredby
content,politicalpartiesetc.• Analysisofbusinesstransactionswiththegovernment,trackingallocationofmoneyfromgovernmentor
municipalbudget• Personalconnectiondiagramsthatshowlinksbetweeninfluentialpeopleandpoliticians,lobbyistand
governmentofficials,donationsandinvestmentsetc.
Administration,Publicservices
• Applicationsforalertingofcurrentpublictenders• Applicationsforreportingirregularitiestopublicservices(e.g.damagesonthestreet,tothesig-
nalisation,missingbenchesonbusstopsetc.)drawnuponthemapofpublicinfrastructure• Analysis of inspection reports
Traffic• Smartnavigationsystemsforavoidingcongestions• Alert systems for current road closures and accidents• Cargomanagementsystems
Weather(meteorologicaldata)
• Weatherforecastsformobilephones• Combinationofmeteorologicalforecastsandspatialdata• Supportapplicationsfordifferenttypesoftraffic:applicationsforaviationmayhelpwithplanning
ofdefrostingairplanesandrunways;applicationsforroadtrafficmaybeusedtodeterminepos-siblelocationsofroaddamagesduetofreezingandotherweatherhazards;andapplicationsformarinetrafficshowwinds,waves,tide,hurricanes...
• Applicationsforsupportinagriculture(suchthathelpwithfarmplanning,cropinsuranceplan-ningwithregardtometeorologicaldataetc.)
TourismandFreeTime
• Applicationsforfindingtouristattractions,hotels,restaurants,...• Aservicethatcombinesinformationonrestaurantsinacertainareawithinformationoninspec-
tioncontrols(e.g.withregardtosuitabilityoffood,hygieneminimumetc.)
Geographicalinformation
• Satelliteandairimagesthatenabledifferenttypesofcartography• 3Dareaprojections