data analysis with graphs. statistics is the gathering, organization, analysis and presentation of...
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![Page 1: Data Analysis with Graphs. Statistics is the gathering, organization, analysis and presentation of numerical information. Raw Data – unprocessed info](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022072011/56649e2b5503460f94b18f0a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Data Analysis with Graphs
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Statistics is the gathering, organization, analysis and presentation of numerical information.
Raw Data – unprocessed infoVariable – quantity being measuredContinuous variable – any value within a given rangeDiscrete variable – have only certain values (often integers)
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Frequency tables and diagrams – give overview of values and reveals trends in the data.Histogram – type of bar graph in which the areas of the bars are proportional to the frequency of the values of the variable. The bars are all connected and represent a continuous range of values. Examples for variables whose values can be arranged in numerical order, especially continuous variables such as weight, temp or travel time.
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Frequency polygon – illustrates the same info as a histogram or bar graph. Plot frequencies versus variable values and then join the points with straight lines. (line graph)
Cummulative-frequency graph shows the running total of the frequencies from the lowest value up.
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If the data is large, it is grouped into classes or intervalsGenerally it is convenient to use 5 to 20 equal intervals that cover the entire range. The interval should be of an even fraction or multiple of the measurement unit for the variable.
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Example, if we are looking at temperature and the range is from 18 to 33 degrees. The difference is 15. Therefore you could use five 3-degree intervals. Can you determine a problem when we use intervals?
How can we fix it?
We can use half values so that a whole number does not straddle two intervals.
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Categorical Data are given labels rather than being measured numerically. Ex. Favourite foods, categorical data Other types of graphs circle graphs, pictographs
HomeworkPg 101 # 1,3, 5,8,15