data vs. information tug
TRANSCRIPT
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Data vs. Information
Data
raw facts
no context just numbers and text
Information
data with context
processed data value-added to data
summarized
organized analyzed
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Data vs. Information
Data: 51007
Information:
5/10/07 The date of your final exam.
$51,007 The average starting salary of anaccounting major.
51007 Zip code of Bronson Iowa.
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Data vs. Information
Data 6.34
6.45
6.39 6.62
6.57
6.64
6.71
6.82
7.12
7.06
SIRIUS SATELLITE RADIO INC.
$5.80
$6.00
$6.20
$6.40
$6.60
$6.80
$7.00
$7.20
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Last 10 Days
Sto
ck
Price
Information
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Data Information Knowledge
Data
Information
Summarizing the data
Averaging the data
Selecting part of the data
Graphing the data
Adding context
Adding value
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Data Information Knowledge
Information
Knowledge
How is the info tied to outcomes?
Are there any patterns in the info?
What info is relevant to the problem?
How does this info effect the system?
What is the best way to use the info?
How can we add more value to the info?
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Information Systems
Generic Goal:
Transform Data into Information
At the Core of an Information System is aDatabase (raw data).
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Information Systems (TSP and PCS)
Data doesnt just appear,Capturing Data is really the first step
These systems help capture data butthey also have other purposes (goals):
1. Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
2. Process Control Systems (PCS)
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Capturing Data
What are some examples of real TPSs?
What kind of data is being capture?
How is this data transformed into
Information?
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Data Processing
Recall that a basic system is composed of5 components
Input, Output, Processing, Feedback, Control
Typically processing helps transform datainto information.
Input OutputProcessing
Raw Data Information
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Processing
Summarizing
Computing Averages
Graphing
Creating Charts
Visualizing Data
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Processing: Great Example
Navigation System Specialized Geographic Information System
Input: Maps, Addresses, Points of Interest,
Yellow Pages Processing:
Computing Shortest Paths;
Finding the Nearest Chinese Restaurant
Output: Directions (each turn + a map with arrows) List of nearby Chinese Restaurants (sorted by dist.)
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Analysis Navigation System
Recall that Information Systems have fivemore specific components:
People, Data, Communication Network,Hardware, Software.
In a Navigation System
what is the Communication Network? what is the Hardware?
who are the People?
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Course Goal: Help you analyze systems?
Step 1: Always ask yourselfWhat is the
purpose of the system?
Step 2: Identify People, Data, Hardware,Software, Communication Network.
Step 3: Identify Input, Output, Processing,
Feedback, Control.
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Navigation System Feedback
So what is the feedback in a navigation system?
Feedback is information about how the system
is performing. Feedback can help you identify problems with the
systemso you can improve it.
Feedback helps you determine if the system is
achieving its goal. In a heating system, the feedback was the actual
temperature.
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Navigation System Control
So what are some of the controls in anavigation system?
Control: Changing a variable to help thesystem reach its goal or to set a new goal.
In a heating system, the control was the
desired temperature.
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Navigation System Control
Obviously, entering a new destination
Not so obvious
zooming in
changing the map view
selecting an alternative route
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Key Points
A Navigation System takes raw data(maps, locations) and displays it visually
(data information) so that it iseasier to drive to a location.Goal
The feedback (your current location) is
perhaps the most important feature. Paper maps can NOT show your location.
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Geographic Information Systems (GIS
In lab we are going to learn moreabout
1. GIS systems Data more informational (more valuable) if you
visualize it on a map.
2. Attributes that make information more
valuable Information is more valuable if it helps you
achieve your goal.