2 SAMUEL 10-24David’s Continuing Reign

David and Bathsheba

The Hebrews rose at daybreak, and always took a nap during the heat of the day Afterwards they lounged in the cool of the

evening on their flat-roofed terraces David saw Bathsheba and saw she was

very beautiful He sent for her to come to the palace

She concieved

David’s Sin

He Saw Bathsheba He Sought Bathsheba He Sent for Bathsheba He Sinned with Bathsheba

Let no one say when he is tempted, "I am being tempted by God ";

for God cannot be tempted by evil, and He Himself does not tempt anyone. But each one is tempted when he

is carried away and enticed by his own lust. Then when lust has conceived, it gives birth to sin ; and

when sin is accomplished, it brings forth death.James 1:13-15

Hiding the Sin

Immediate measures of concealing their sin were necessary For the king's honor and for her safety Death was the punishment of an adulteress

~ Leviticus 20:10 David tried repeatedly to send Uriah to his home

To hide the fact of the adulterous affair David sent Uriah to the fiercest fighting and set

him up to die Bathsheba mourned her husbands David then made her his wife

This displeased the Lord ~ 2 Samuel 11:27

Nathan Rebukes David

Nathan uses a parable to show David his own sin Nathan pronounces judgment on David

'Now therefore, the sword shall never depart from your house, because you have despised Me and

have taken the wife of Uriah the Hittite to be your wife.’"Thus says the LORD, 'Behold, I

will raise up evil against you from your own household ; I will even take your wives before your eyes and give them to your companion, and he will lie with your wives in broad

daylight.2 Samuel 12:10-11

These judgments came true literally in the sins of his household Rebellion of Absalom The civil war that followed

David was never known to fully rest again

David’s Repentance

Then David said to Nathan, "I have sinned against the LORD." And Nathan said to David, "The LORD

also has taken away your sin ;you shall not die. 2 Samuel 12:13

Even though David is forgiven there are still consequences to his sin David's loss of character by the discovery of his crimes,

tended, in the natural course of things Diminish the respect of his family Weaken the authority of his government Encouraged the prevalence of many disorders throughout

his kingdom

Psalm 51

This Psalm gives us reason to know David was a man after God’s own heart He was not perfect but had a sensitivity to sin

He uses the first person singular throughout the Psalm

Outline of Psalm 51 Introduction ~1-2 Confession of Guilt ~ 2-6 Prayer for inner renewal ~ 7-12 Promise of thanksgiving and ministry ~ 13-17 Closing ~18-19

David’s repentance

David genuinely grieved and repented Psalm 32:5 and Psalm 51:3-4

The seed of sin immediately bore bitter fruit The child born of adultery became ill and died

Birth of Solomon2 Samuel 12:24-25

Bathsheba had a son She named him Solomon or “peaceable”

Nathan gave him the name of Jedediah This love and the noble gifts with which he

was endowed, considering the criminality of the marriage from which he sprang, is a remarkable instance of divine goodness and grace

David Captures Rabah2 Samuel 12:26-31

David took the kings crown which weighed a talent plus the precious stones While the treasures of the city were given as

plunder to his soldiers, David reserved to himself the crown, which was of rarest value

A talent during that time weighed around 75 pounds Its great weight makes it probable that it was like many

ancient crowns, not worn, but suspended over the head, or fixed on a canopy on the top of the throne

The stone was a round ball composed of pearls and other jewels, which was in the crown, and probably taken out of it to be inserted in David's own crown

Annon’s Sin against Tamar2 Samuel 13:1-19

Ammon was his first son born to him by Ahinoam

Absalom and Tamar were born to him by Maccah They are his third son and his daughter

Ammon lusted after Tamar She rejected him He forced himself on her

Absalom hated Ammon for forcing his sister

Absalom’s Revenge2 Samuel 13:20-39

Absalom plotted to kill Ammon This took place 2 years after the event

After the death of Ammon Absalom fled to Geshur for 3 years Maccah his mother was the King of Geshur’s

daughter

Absalom’s Return and Revolt2 Samuel 14:1-15:37

Absalom was loved for his beauty and charm He was a favorite of the people and a favorite

of David Absalom appears before David

Verse 15:7 should read 4 years, not forty Absalom plotted to overthrow his fathers

reign

Absalom’s Return and Revolt2 Samuel 14:1-15:37

Absalom and Ahithophel join forces Ahithopel was Bathshebas grandfather

David fled Jerusalem He fled not out of fear for his life but for the

protection of his people He left 10 concubines behind planning to return

Absalom enters Jerusalem2 Samuel 16:1-17:29

16:21-22 fulfill Nathan’s prophecy to David

Because a royal counselor was considered God’s spokesperson both David and Absalom valued Ahithopel’s advice ~ 16:23

Husahi’s counsel was taken by Abaslom The Lord sovereignly caused this to happen Ahithopel then hung himseld because his

counsel was not taken

Absalom defeated2 Samuel 18:1-33

David fought Absalom and wone Probably due to his experience and his

experienced verterans As Abslom travels he is caught in a tree

and his donkey leaves him behind Joab then murders Absalom while

hanging in the tree David wished mercy on Absalom but Joab did

not want Absalom to have another chance to overthrow his King

David Mourns2 Samuel 19:1-39

David grieved the death of Absalom as he was truly loved by David Joab reprimands David

By withdrawing himself to indulge in grief, he would alienate his people as if their services were disagreeable and their devotion irksome

David in a token of reconciliation replaces Joab as commander of the army with Amasa, Absalom’s general This was maybe also a way of repaying Joab for

his slaying of Absalom David returns to Jerusalem

The King’s Return2 Samuel 19:40-43

Whether from impatience to move on or from some other cause, David did not wait till all the tribes had arrived to conduct him on his return to the capital

The procession began as soon as Amasa had brought the Judahite escort, and the preference given to this tribe produced a bitter jealousy, which was nearly kindling a civil war fiercer than that which had just ended

A war of words ensued between the tribes--Israel resting their argument on their superior numbers; "they had ten parts in the king," whereas Judah had no more than one Judah grounded their right to take the lead, on the ground of their

nearer relationship to the king This was a claim dangerous to the house of David; and it

shows the seeds were already sown for that tribal dissension which, before long, led to the dismemberment of the kingdom

Return of the King

Although both Judah and Israel supported David’s return differences had always existed between them

This tension will emerge later in the rebellion of Sheba and develop later into a full secession of the northern tribes after the death of Solomon

Sheba Revolts2 Samuel 20:1-26

Not much is know of Sheba He was a Benjamite of some power and

influence Sheba was a man of Belial He claimed no part in David’s rule

This rebellion had broken out shortly after the crossing of the Jordan, between Judah and the other tribes, who withdrew; so that Judah was left nearly alone to conduct the king into Jerusalem

David’s Concubines2 Samuel 20:3

Jewish writers say that the widowed queens of Hebrew monarchs were not allowed to marry again but were obliged to pass the rest of their lives in strict seclusion

David treated his concubines in the same manner after the outrage committed on them by Absalom

They were not divorced, for they were guiltless; but they were no longer publicly recognized as his wives Their confinement to a sequestered life a very heavy

doom, in a region where women have never been accustomed to go much abroad.

Sheba Revolts2 Samuel 20:1-26

Joab is able to kill Sheba and end the revolt

Joab is reinstituted as commander of the forces of Israel

Seven Son’s of Saul Hung2 Samuel 21:1-14

The Gibeonites had suffered three years of famine David recognized this a divine judgment David learned that the famine was the result of

Saul’s violation of the covenant between Israel and Gibeon ~ Joshua 9:15-27

The Gibeonites hung all seven of the son’s of Saul The punishment seems harsh and at variance with

the law of just punishment of Deuteronomy 24:16 It is likely that the sons were involved in the

Gibeonites raid and also eliminated the possibility of political strife later

David and the Giant2 Samuel 21:15-22

The Philistines were at war with Israel David was weak from battle A unnamed Philistine giant sought to kill David

Abashai rescued David From then on David was not allowed to go into battle

Interesting Note This Philistine Campaign saw the last of the fabled

Giants of the Philistines 21:18-22 Ishbi-benob Saph Lahmi Goliath The unnamed Giant

David’s song of Deliverance2 Samuel 22:1-51

This song is very similar if not identical to Psalm 18 which has been specifically edited to include in Israelite Liturgy Verse 51 is a reaffirmation of the Davidic

Covenant

The mighty Men of David

2 Samuel 23:8-39 list the might men of David There were 37 of them

David take a Census2 Samuel 24:1-9

The act of numbering the people was not in itself sinful; for Moses did it by the express authority of God

David acted not only independently of such order of sanction, but from motives unworthy of the delegated king of Israel; from pride and vainglory; from self-confidence and distrust of God; and, above all, from ambitious designs of conquest, in furtherance of which he was determined to force the people into military service, and to ascertain whether he could muster an army sufficient for the magnitude of the enterprises he contemplated

It was a breach of the constitution, an infringement of the liberties of the people, and opposed to that divine policy which required that Israel should continue a separate people

His eyes were not opened to the heinousness of his sin till God had spoken unto him by His commissioned prophet.

David’s Punishment2 Samuel 24:10-25

The Lord offered David, through Gad the Seer, three possible punishments Seven years of famine Flee three months before his enemies Three days pestilence in the land

70,000 peopledied from the pestilence

David’s Punishment2 Samuel 24:10-25

His overwhelming sense of his sin led him to acquiesce in the punishment denounced, notwithstanding its apparent excess of severity

He proceeded on a good principle in choosing the pestilence

In pestilence he was equally exposed, as it was just and right he should be, to danger as his people, whereas, in war and famine, he possessed means of protection superior to them

Besides, he thereby showed his trust, founded on long experience, in the divine goodness

David’s Last Words2 Samuel 23:1-7

The Spirit of the LORD spoke by me, And His word was on my tongue."The God of Israel said, The Rock of Israel spoke to

me, 'He who rules over men righteously, Who rules in the fear of God,

Is as the light of the morning when the sun rises, A morning without clouds, When the tender grass springs out of

the earth, Through sunshine after rain.’"Truly is not my house so with God ? For He

has made an everlasting covenant with me, Ordered in all things, and secured ; For all my salvation and all my desire, Will

He not indeed make it grow ?"But the worthless, every one of them will

be thrust away like thorns, Because they cannot be taken in hand ;But the man who touches them Must

be armed with iron and the shaft of a spear, And they will be completely burned with fire in their place.