“If there is no struggle there is no progress… This struggle may be a moral one, or it may be a physical one, and it may be both moral and physical, but it must be a struggle. Power concedes to nothing without demand. It never did and it never will. Find out just what any people will quietly submit to and you have found the exact measure of injustice and wrong which will be imposed upon them, and these will continue till they are resisted with either words or blows, or with both.”

-Frederick Douglass

How did politics bring about the Civil War?

1. What does the dark purple on the key represent?

2. Which region (N,S, E, W) has the most?

3. Why do you think some have a lot, and some have very little or none?

Since the end of the revolution in 1787, many Northern states outlaw slavery

Slavery continues in South where it can make money• Growing cash crops• On plantations

At first tobacco then cotton

1794 “Cotton is King” Allowed

expansion of cotton plantations• 50x as efficient

The cash crop• Industry in

South stops growing

Industrializing Factories Immigration Rail Roads Major Urban centers 22 Million people

Agrarian Closed society Rural 9 Million White; 3.5 Million

slaves 1/3 of families owned slaves 88% held <20

1. What is the purpose (point) of this graph?2. What is the value (i.e. how does it help us understand

the differences between North and South)?3. Cite three pieces if evidence that shows North and

South had grown apart into different regions.

Q & A:1) Which section (North or South) held majority of US resources?2) What one resource did the South have a majority of?3) How might this resource have shaped southern politics and beliefs?

WARNING:PLEASE continue using your notes, and follow directions as you view the next few slides. This information will help you on your Final!

Solved dispute over slavery in Louisiana Purchase Territories

South wants to expand slavery west and above compromise 36’ 30” line

Southern States able to balance Senate Massive protests in North Many begin to view south with suspicion

Sen. Wilmot urges no Slavery in Mexican Cession territory

South argues 36’ 30” only applies to Louisiana Purchase

Slave states outraged Viewed as an attack on South First major conflict between two sides Bill passes in House of Representatives Fails in Senate: WHY?

North• California=free state• Texas claims on New

Mexico given up Limits expansion

• Slave auctions in DC banned

South• Fugitive Slave Law

All runaway slaves returned from North

Requires North’s assistance

• Popular sovereignty States decide themselves

if they are free or slave• South feels as though

benefited from bill the most

• Many believe issue is now settled

North outraged: Forced to aid slave catchers

Freed slaves could be recaptured

Anti-Slavery societies fought back• Armed resistance to slave

catchers; the law• Leads to great tension

between North and South

Societies of Black, White, Women Argued slavery a sin, not just wrong Slowly able to convince many northerners that

slavery a sin Tried to use religion as a weapon

Preview: Explain how the picture below depicts the abolitionist’s views on slavery?

Slavery becomes THE issue

Exploited by Democrats to win

N. Dems. Become Republicans

Politics divides nation

Allows for popular sovereignty in Kansas and Nebraska Territory

● Northerners outraged, bitter● See it as a small minority forcing slavery on them

Becomes battleground Free and slave set up

separate governments Pottawatomie

Massacre sparks battles• Cut off hands, stabbed• John Brown

Kansas and Nebraska opened up to slavery Final decision voted on by citizens Try to pack population with Southerners North responds by trying to pack population

with Northerners

Southerners send Brooks’ cane in celebration Seen by North as another example of Southern

arrogance and violence

• Sumner delievers speech titled the “Crime Against Kansas”• Verbally attacks southern Senators over their support for slavery•Beaten by Brooks nearly to death on floor of the Senate

Leader of Pottawatomie Massacre

Leads attack on Harper’s Ferry (Virginia arsenal)• Tries to capture weapons to

start slave revolt• Fails

Becomes hero in North South calls for his death South responds by

organizing militias to fight slave uprisings

“I John Brown am now quite certain that the crimes of this guilty land will never be purged but with blood”

Republican Party born in Wisconsin Anti-Slavery; Free Soil Free soil means all new states must outlaw

slavery Not one slave

state voted for a Republican

Now two parties that are regionalized

North furious• Mexican War• Fugitive Slave Act• Kansas-Nebraska Act• Bleeding Kansas• Bleeding Sumner• Execution John Brown• See South as powerful

minority forcing slavery on country

• Look to Republican Party

South Furious• Wilmot Proviso• North refuses to return

fugitive slaves• Bleeding Kansas• John Brown and

Northern Abolitionists threaten their way of life

• Afraid of slave revolts• Look to Democrats• See Republican party as

embodiment of abolitionists

Elected without being on ballot in South

South sees in Lincoln and Republicans a threat to slavery

Believe they will outlaw slavery

South leaves Union• See themselves like

Patriots in Revolution• Fighting oppressive

government

Exit Ticket:1) From who’s point of view is this cartoon?2) What is the cartoonist trying to say?3) What in the cartoon helps you understand the message?