DAY 26

Electric Potential

Electric Potential Energy

I

Slide 21-14

Electric potential energy is determined by how much work required to assemble the charges.

Drills

Is the change ∆U of the particle positive, negative, or zero as it moves from i to f?

Slide 21-14

Drills

Is the change ∆U of the particle positive, negative, or zero as it moves from i to f?

Slide 21-14

Drills

Is the change ∆U of the particle positive, negative, or zero as it moves from i to f?

Slide 21-14

Drills

Is the change ∆U of the particle positive, negative, or zero as it moves from i to f?

Slide 21-14

Drills

Is the change ∆U of the particle positive, negative, or zero as it moves from i to f?

Slide 21-14

Drills

Is the change ∆U of the particle positive, negative, or zero as it moves from i to f?

Slide 21-14

Drills

Is the change ∆U of the particle positive, negative, or zero as it moves from i to f?

Slide 21-14

Electric Potential

Slide 21-16

Conceptual Example Problem

Rank in order, from largest to smallest, the electric potentials at the numbered points.

Slide 21-17

Charged Particle Moving Through a Potential Difference

Slide 21-18

Example ProblemA proton has a speed of 3.5 x 105 m/s at a point where the electrical potential is 600 V. It moves through a point where the electric potential is 1000 V. What is its speed at this second point?

Slide 21-20

A Topographic Map

Slide 21-21

Graphical Representations of Electric Potential

Slide 21-22

Example ProblemA proton is released from rest at point a. It then travels past point b. What is its speed at point b?

Slide 21-23

Potential of a Parallel-Plate Capacitor

Slide 21-24

The Potential Inside a Parallel-Plate Capacitor

Slide 21-25

Example ProblemA parallel-plate capacitor is held at a potential difference of 250 V. A proton is fired toward a small hole in the negative plate with a speed of 3.0 x 105 m/s. What is its speed when it emerges through the hole in the positive plate? (Hint: The electric potential outside of a parallel-plate capacitor is zero).

Slide 21-26

Electric Potential of a Point Charge

Slide 21-27

Example Problem

For the situation shown in the figure, find the speed at point b of a proton that was moving to the right at point a with a speed of 4.0 x 105 m/s.

Slide 21-29

Example ProblemA high energy cosmic ray hits a piece of lead and creates an electron and positron pair. They are created with equal and opposite velocities. What is the minimum speed they must have at 100 fm apart in order to end up far from each other?

Slide 21-26

Electric Potential: Charged SphereOutside of a sphere of charge Q the potential has the same form as for a point charge Q:

If the sphere has radius R and the potential at its surface is V0, then the potential a distance r from its center can also be written

Slide 21-28

A 2.0-mm-diameter plastic bead is charged to –1.0 nC.

An electron is fired at the bead from far away with a speed of 3x107 m/s. How close will the electron get to the bead before “turning” around?

Example Problem

Slide 21-30

Connecting Potential and Field

Slide 21-31

Potential and Field for Three Important Cases

Slide 21-32

A. What is the potential at point A? At which point, A, B, or C, does the electric field have its largest magnitude?

B. Is the magnitude of the electric field at A greater than, equal to, or less than at point B?

Example ProblemSource charges create the electric potential shown.

C. What is the approximate magnitude of the electric field at point D?

D. What is the approximate direction of the electric field at point D?

Slide 21-33

A Conductor in Electrostatic Equilibrium

Slide 21-34

What is Q2?

Example Problem

Slide 21-35

A nichrome wire is connected to a 12 volt battery. Why does it glow.

Demo

Slide 21-30