db2 virtualizationdb2ytr.pbworks.com/f/db2_virtualization-2010-01-09.pdf · 1/9/2010 ·...

© 2009 IBM Corporation

DB2 Virtualization

Malcolm SinghOlaf MuellerTapio Väättänen


Agenda

• The team

• Virtualization terms

• Supported virtualization products

• Pain points in virtualized environments

• Outlook (Virtual appliances and Cloud computing)

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The team who wrote the book

Tapio Väättänen, Malcolm Singh, Jason Chan, Olaf Mueller

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Agenda

• The team





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© 2009 IBM Corporation5

Virtualization is, from a computer science and engineering perspective, the abstraction of a physical computing environment using generated virtual resources to create a logical simulated environment.

Virtualization (Overview)


Virtualization (common types)

• There are many types of virtualization being used today, but the most common types are:

• Server Virtualization (focus of this presentation)• multiple independent virtual servers within one physical server

using virtual resources through server consolidation

• Storage Virtualization• SAN

• LVGs and LVs within LVM

• Network Virtualization• channels

• bonded


Server Virtualization

• Abstraction of physical hardware resources to create virtual working environments

• Virtual working environments created from virtual resources to create virtual servers

• Virtual resources include CPU and Memory, and can be shared or dedicated

• Multiple virtual servers within a single physical server

• Virtual servers share the same characteristics as the underlying hardware but smaller in capacity


Server Virtualization (Terminology)

Virtual Server

• Commonly referred to as the virtual machine (VM)

• Independent and isolated working environment

• Created using virtual resources, which include CPU, RAM, HDD, and other I/O interfaces

• Runs it own OS, which is referred to as the guest OS

• Feels and looks like a physical server to end users



Virtual Machine Monitor

• Commonly referred to as the hypervisor

• Manages the virtual resources between the physical server and the VM

• Allows each guest OS to run in isolation to each other

• An additional layer in the software stack

• Two types of hypervisors• Type 1

• Type 2



• Type 1 Hypervisor

• Runs directly on top of the host hardware

• Guest OS on the second level

• Also referred to as bare metal or native




• Runs on top of an existing OS

• Guest OS on the third level

• Also referred to as hosted



• Machine-based Virtualization

• Full Virtualization

• Paravirtualization

• Hardware-assisted virtualization

• Operating System-based Virtualization



Full Virtualization


• Hypervisor intercepts privileged instructions before running the instruction on the CPU

• Guest OS does not need to be modified



Paravirtualization


• Hypervisor works with the Guest OS to allow privileged instructions to run directly on the CPU

• Guest OS needs to be modified



Hardware-assisted Virtualization


• Combines full and para-virtualization

• CPU has virtualization extensions to allow privileged instructions to run directly on the CPU from the Guest OS

• Guest OS is not modified



OS-based Virtualization


• Virtual Machines are referred to as Virtual Instances

• Hypervisor is built into the OS

• OS kernel is modified


Agenda

• The team





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• There are numerous implementations and offerings of server virtualization

• These offerings are made available by different companies

• This presentation focuses on the following three server virtualization technologies:

• IBM PowerVM on IBM Power System

• VMware

• Hyper-V

Virtualization Technologies


Power SystemsIBM’s server line based on the Power Architectureunified server platform for System p and System icapable of running IBM i, AIX, and Linux OS’s

PowerVMfeature to enable virtualization on Power Systems combination of both software and hardwareformerly referred to as Advanced Power Virtualization

(APV)

IBM Power Systems & PowerVM (Overview)



• POWER Hypervisor (PHYP)

• Hardware Management Console (HMC)

• Integrated Virtualization Manager (IVM)

• Logical partition (LPAR)

• Dynamic logical partitioning

• Virtual I/O Server (VIOS)

• Live Partition Mobility (LPM)

• Workload partition (WPAR)

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• Type 1 hypervisor

• Integrated into the system firmware of Power System servers

• Active on all Power System servers using POWER5 and POWER6 CPUs

• Not possible to run a Power System server without using virtualization

POWER Hypervisor (PHYP)


● run its own OS:o AIX

o Linux

o IBM i● two different partitioning methods are available based

on processor capacity:o Shared processor partitions

o Dedicated processor partitions

Logical PARtition (LPAR)


Logical PARtition (LPAR)

• Utilities to observe LPAR configuration and status

– nmon

– topas

– vmstat

– lparstat -i

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Best Practises on Power Systems

● Place DB2 server on uncapped shared processor partition.

● Use locally attached SAN disks for maximum performance.

● Utilize DB2 autonomic features.

● There is no benefit for attaching network adapters locally.

● Utilize VIOS for easier maintenance and efficiency. Install VIOS on uncapped shared partition.

● On POWER6 you can place all DB2 servers on dedicated shared processor pool, which will lessen licence fees.

● Configure number of maximum processors and memory high enough to be able to increase online parameters for both without reboot.

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VMware vSphere

• Market leader in virtualization technologies for x86 platforms

• Is a suite of virtualization applications

• The ESX hypervisor called VMkernel is a proprietary, kernel-optimized high-performance component for running virtual machines.


• Supports several Windows and Linux guest operating systems

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ESX architecture

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VMware vSphere components

• ESX

• VMware filesystem

• vCenter

• Distributed resource scheduler (DRS)

• VMware High Availability

• VMware Fault Tolerance

• VMware VMotion

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VMware vSphere considerations on storage

• Use dedicated LUNs for optimized performance.

• There is no performance benefit on using RDM instead of VMFS.

• Place DB2 storage pathson datastoreswhich are located ondedicated LUNs.

• For path switching policychoose between RoundRobin (RR) and Fixed pathswitching policy.


VMware vSphere CPU and memory settings

• You are able to assignmaximum of 8 logicalprocessors for a guest.If your host has equalor smaller numberof logical processors,you should not assignmaximum number of 8logical processors forany guest.

• Use dedicated memoryfor DB2 server by settingamount of memory andreservation equal.

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Hyper-V

• Build in Microsoft Windows Server 2008


• Runs on x86_64-based (commonly referred to as x64) processors with built-in hardware virtualization support

• DB2 supports just Windows 2008 as guest operating systems

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Hyper-V architecture

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Agenda

• The team





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Pain points

• Increased I/O throughput

• Memory competition

• Increasing number of databases

• Licensing

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DB2 Solutions

• Compression features

• Autonomic features

• Sub-capacity licensing

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DB2 Compression features

• Row compression

• Index compression

• XML compression

• LOB inlining

• Temporary table compression

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DB2 Autonomic features

• Self Tuning Memory Manager (STMM)

• Automatic Storage Management

• Automatic Object Maintenance

• Health monitor

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– Increase in transaction processing



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– Change in memory parameters



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– Change in system CPU utilization


Sub-capacity licensing

• You only pay the license fees for the resources used by the virtual machine running DB2

• Uses Processor Value Units (PVUs)

• Core: a functional unit within a computing device that interprets and executes software instructions

• Processor equals a core

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Processor definition

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Sub-capacity licensing

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Agenda

• The team





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Virtual Appliances

• A virtual appliance is a pre-configured virtual machine

• Eases the installation and configuration of the application software and operating system with the virtual resources within the virtual machine

• Easy deployment of solution

• Easy testing

• DB2 products are available as virtual appliances as well

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Cloud computing

• Cloud computing is a computing model that provides a hosted service over the internet using a connected device

• A new form of virtualization, since now the computer resources are virtualized to the users of the service

• Virtual machines or appliances can be hosted in the cloud

• DB2 can be found in various cloud offerings such as the IBM Cloud and on Amazon Web Services (AWS) Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)

• The images that are contained in these clouds are based on the fundamentals of virtual appliances

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Resources

• IBM Redbooks publication: DB2 Virtualization SG247-7805-00

• Best Practices: Improving Data Server Utilization and Management through Virtualization

• Wiki: DB2 Virtualization Support

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http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/abstracts/SG247805.html

http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/data/bestpractices/virtualization/?S_TACT=105AGX11&S_CMP=LP

http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/wikis/display/im/DB2+Virtualization+Support


Questions & Answers

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