db2 environment awareness for platform, operating system and middleware_ administrators

2012 IBM Corporation

Information Management

DB2 Environment Awareness for Platform, Operating System and Middleware Administrators

Ashwini Ramani, Information Architect & Lead [email protected] November 2012



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Disclaimer

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DB2 Solution Life Cycle DB2 Platforms Considerations for a DB2 Environment Type of Data and Load on a DB2 Database Typical Problem Scenario Understanding of DB2 Front End and Backend Insight and Approach to handle DB2 Databases for :

Platform and Operating System Administrators Middleware Administrators

Agenda



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DB2 Solution Life Cycle - Overview

Not everything is Technical

Team work of a Specialist and an Architect

Comprises of 2 Scenarios

Supporting an existing environment (Support and Maintenance)

Solutioning a New Environment (Architecting and Consulting)



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Scenario 1 Supporting an Existing DB2 EnvironmentPrimary Focus Areas

Best way to run the environment Building Skills/Technical Upskilling Establish SME contacts

Scope Areas

Tuning and Optimization Automations/Enhancements Best Practices Tangible Results

What are the grey areas?

Cannot change the underlying design Product selection is out of control No exposure of the Business Layer Architecture is unknown/unexplored Approach is Confined



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Scenario 2 Solutioning a New DB2 Environment

Primary Focus Areas

Functional Requirements (FR) Non Functional Requirements (NFR) Consulting

Scope Areas

Platform (Hardware + Operating Systems) Storage and Backup Capacity Planning and Scalability Product Selection (Based on experience, without exhibiting product loyalty)

How does it help?

Understanding of the Design and Architecture Exposure to the Business Layer Knowledge on the behavior of products on various platforms



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Sl No Hardware Platform OperatingSystem

(Examples)

DB2 ProductCategory

1 IBM System x(AMD and Intel Based x86 or x86-64)

Windows Linux VMware Solaris

DB2 for LUW

2 IBM POWER Systems (Power PC Architecture pSeries and IBM i)

AIX Linux

DB2 for LUW

3 IBM System Z(Mainframes)

z/OS Linux on system z

DB2 for z/OS

DB2 Platforms



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Considerations for a DB2 Environment

Physical/Virtual System

Physical Location of the System

Memory

Paging Space

Kernel parameters

Number of Processors

File System Sizing

Product Behavior

Software Packages and Libraries

Integration with other Applications/Systems



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Characteristics

Millions of transactions per day

The system is up to date with current state of business transaction

Data is Non-Integrated Application oriented

Volatile data

Examples

Net Banking Railway Reservation System

Type of Data and Load on DB2 - OLTP



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Characteristics

Holds historic data

Summarized and Integrated data

Subject Oriented

Non-Volatile data

Data Model and representation is business friendly

Examples

Financial Reporting Elections Trend and History

Type of Data and Load on DB2 - OLAP



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Type of Data and Load on DB2 OLTP vs OLAP



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Type of Data and Load on DB2 OLTP vs OLAP



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Overview of a Typical Problem Scenario

Applications



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DB2 Database

Applications



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DB2 DatabaseMiddleware

Applications



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DB2 Database

Operating System

Middleware

Applications



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DB2 Database

Operating System

Middleware

Hardware and/or Storage

Applications



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Front End

ERP Applications (SAP, Siebel) SDLC Tools (Rational Suite RTC, RQM, Reqpro, Clearquest) ETL Tools (IBM Datastage) Reporting Tools (Cognos, Business Objects, Hyperion)

Backend

Underlying OS (AIX, Linux, Windows) Storage (SAN, TSM, Disks) Networking (IP Addresses, DNS) Monitoring Tools (ITM, Nagios)

Understanding of DB2 Front End and Backend



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Insight and Approach to handle DB2 for Platform and Operating System Administrators

Capacity Planning for the DB2 Environment

Install DB2 on a different volume group/disk ( datavg, D: )

Plan separate File systems for the below,DB2 codeDB2 instancesDB2 dataDB2 active logsDB2 archival logsDB2 diagnostic logsDB2 backupsDB2 DBA work/scripts

Note : Size for the file systems needs to be planned based on requirement



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DB2 File Systems

DB2 Code/Binaries E.g.: /opt/IBM/db2/V9.7 on AIX

/opt/ibm/db2/V9.7 on Linux

Home directories of Instances E.g.: /home/db2inst1

Data (Tablespaces and Containers) E.g.: /db2/data

Backup PathE.g.: /dbbackup



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DB2 Users and Groups

Instance User (db2inst1, db2inst2) Fenced User (db2fenc1) DAS User (dasusr1)

Instance Primary Group (db2grp1) SYSADM Group (db2grp1, db2iadm1) Fenced Group (db2fadm1) DAS Group (dasadm1)

DB2 Processes

ps ef | grep db2 # List db2 processes ps ef | grep db2sysc # List the active db2 instances



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Configure DB2 for Autostart after system reboot

Use inittab and setup a script /etc/inittab, rc.db2

OR

On UNIX# As root, cd to the /instance and run the below,

./db2iauto on # Repeat this for each instance# To verify, run the below command su - db2set DB2AUTOSTART i # A value of YES would be returned if it has been configured successfully

On Windows# Open the Services file

Start-> run -> services.msc# Right click on each of the DB2 Service and Click on Properties

# Under the Field, Startup Type select the Automatic option



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Scheduling DB2 scripts and jobs

Use root user crontab and ensure db2 profile is sourced Use db2 instance user level crontab

Configuration File for Hostname/IP Address

db2nodes.cfg #Located under the sqllib directory of instance home directory

Maintenance of DB2 log files

Never delete or modify the below directories or files# Database Transaction Log Files and Directories

E.g. : /db2data/db2inst1/NODE0000/SQL00001/SQLOGDIRE.g. : Files of pattern

# Database archival logs (unless asked by the DBA)E.g. : /db2data/archive_logsE.g. : Files of pattern



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Monitoring DB2 using ITM agents to collect information as below

Applications with the highest percentage of failed SQL statements, sort overflows, lock timeouts and deadlocks, and the lowest buffer pool hit ratio

Buffer pool hit ratio by buffer pool, buffer pool hit ratio by database, average read and write times, asynchronous and synchronous I/O activity, extended store and non-buffer pool I/O activity

Databases with the highest percentage of failed SQL statements, the lowest buffer pool hit ratio, and the highest number of connections, lock timeouts, and deadlocks

Applications currently waiting for locks and other details about lock resources

Server key events, the number of server connections, the databases with the lowest buffer pool hit ratio, and applications with the highest percentage of failed SQL statements

Tablespaces



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Backing up DB2 with TSM

Install the TSM API Client (32-bit/64-bit depending on the instance) Configure the dsm.sys and dsm.opt files Register the DB2 node at the TSM end Configure the DB2 userprofile Update the node password as root from DB2 end Test the connectivity from DB2 to TSM

Use the db2adutl utility for DB2-TSM activities

DB2 backups can be directly pushed to TSM using the db2 backup utility -

db2 backup db use tsm

DB2 Archival logs can also be configured to be pushed to TSM db2 update db cfg using LOGARCHMETH1 TSM



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Insight and Approach to handle DB2 for Middleware Administrators

Check DB2 Version and Fixpack Level

On UNIXsu - db2level

On WindowsStart -> run -> db2cmddb2level

List all DB2 products (on UNIX only)

su - db2ls



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Insight and Approach to handle DB2 for Middleware Administrators

Data Source Connections (JDBC Connectivity)

Driver Type Database Name Database Server Name Port Number

Database Error Log Files for troubleshooting

InstanceName.nfy db2diag.log db2 ? SQLERRN # For Interpreting SQL Codes

Checking Status of Database Server

ps ef | grep db2sysc Windows Services



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DB2 References DB2 Information Center (for V9.7) http://pic.dhe.ibm.com/infocenter/db2luw/v9r7/index.jsp

Tivoi Monitoring for Databases http://pic.dhe.ibm.com/infocenter/tivihelp/v15r1/topic/com.ibm.itmfd.doc/main_db2.pdf

Backing Up DB2 with TSM http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redbooks/pdfs/sg246247.pdf



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Thank you

Acknowledgements C Balaraju, Technology Architect & Program Manager ([email protected])

IBM Redbooks IBM Information Center Data warehousing Basics and Concepts IBM Learning Material



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Questions

Slide 1Slide 2DB2 Solution Life Cycle DB2 Platforms Considerations for a DB2 Environment Type of Data and Load on a DB2 Database Typical Problem Scenario Understanding of DB2 Front End and Backend Insight and Approach to handle DB2 Databases for : Platform and Operating System Administrators Middleware Administrators Useful Information for DB2 BeginnersSlide 4Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14Slide 15Slide 16Slide 17Slide 18Slide 19Slide 20Slide 21Slide 22Slide 23Slide 24Slide 25Slide 26Slide 27Slide 28Slide 30Slide 29

db2 environment awareness for platform, operating system and middleware_ administrators

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