dead reckoning by sarmila bose - review _ books _ the guardian
TRANSCRIPT
-
7/27/2019 Dead Reckoning by Sarmila Bose - Review _ Books _ the Guardian
1/4
7/29/13 Dead Reckoning by Sarmila Bose - review | Books | The Guardian
www.guardian.co.uk/books/2011/jul/01/dead-reckoning-sarmila-bose-review/print
The eyes would widen and the head move from side to side in the striking Bengali
gesture of affirmation. "How many were killed?" we would ask refugees who had fled
from areas where the Pakistani army and its auxiliaries were attempting to suppress the
Bangladesh independence movement. "Lakhs and lakhs!" came the answer. Journalists
who covered the Bangladesh war in 1971 remember the phrase with a mixture of
amusement and frustration. Lakh is the Indian word for 100,000, and it sometimes
seemed as if the majority of Bengalis knew no other number, or, if they did, it was
"crore" ten million at least when describing the atrocities and depredations of their
West Pakistani oppressors. Reporters had no doubt that there were such atrocities.
Some of them witnessed bloody incidents or their aftermath, but for the most part
correspondents had to rely on the accounts of others. Between the protestations of the
Pakistani military, for whom all Bengali deaths were those of "miscreants" or criminals,
and the manifest exaggerations of inflamed and sometimes bereaved East Bengalis, it
was difficult to steer a measured course.
The numbers mattered, and matter still, because they make the
difference between seeing the war as a tragedy and seeing it as a
terrible crime, indeed as a genocide. That in turn is important
because it profoundly affects the way in which the peoples of
South Asia understand both their separate and their common
histories. Much that is both wrong and dangerous in the
subcontinent today, from Pakistan's paranoia to India's extreme
Welcome Shahab Idrees, sign into the Guardian with Facebook
Dead Reckoning by Sarmila Bose -review
A long-overdue study of Bangladesh's war of independence
Martin Woollacott
The Guardian, Friday 1 July 201 1 23.55 BST
Dead Reckoning:
Memories of th e
1971 Bangladesh
War
by Sarm ila Bose
http://www.guardian.co.uk/profile/martinwoollacotthttp://www.guardian.co.uk/profile/martinwoollacotthttp://www.guardian.co.uk/profile/martinwoollacotthttp://www.guardian.co.uk/https://id.guardian.co.uk/facebook/signin?upsell=1&returnUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guardian.co.uk%2Fbooks%2F2011%2Fjul%2F01%2Fdead-reckoning-sarmila-bose-review%2Fprinthttp://www.guardian.co.uk/theguardianhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/profile/martinwoollacotthttp://www.guardian.co.uk/profile/martinwoollacotthttps://id.guardian.co.uk/facebook/signin?upsell=1&returnUrl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guardian.co.uk%2Fbooks%2F2011%2Fjul%2F01%2Fdead-reckoning-sarmila-bose-review%2Fprinthttp://www.guardian.co.uk/world/gallery/2008/apr/10/bangladesh1971http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/bangladeshhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/ -
7/27/2019 Dead Reckoning by Sarmila Bose - Review _ Books _ the Guardian
2/4
7/29/13 Dead Reckoning by Sarmila Bose - review | Books | The Guardian
www.guardian.co.uk/books/2011/jul/01/dead-reckoning-sarmila-bose-review/print
self-righteousness and Bangladesh's sense that it is neglected and
ignored, can be traced to the 1971 conflict, even if the roots go
back further still. Sarmila Bose's attempt to set the numerical
record straight in her aptly named book is a contribution to a
debate that ought to have taken place a long time ago but instead
has hardly started. It is a grim kind of accountancy, because even
when she concludes, as she often does, that fewer, sometimes farfewer, died than claimed, still we are dealing with murder, rape,
unnatural deaths and the destruction of individuals and their
families in a land that had joyously embraced the idea of Pakistan
less than a generation before.
Her method is to take the worst of the alleged atrocities, and then
to attempt to reconstruct and quantify them by interviewing the
participants on both or, rather, all sides. She wove back and forthbetween Pakistan and Bangladesh, seeing mainly retired Pakistani officers in the west,
and survivors of killings and their relatives in the east, as well as members of the non-
Bengali and non-Muslim minorities. Bose (pictured) seems to have been the first to do
this. It is a method not without its problems. My own feeling, remembering how
charming Pakistani officers, like their Indian equivalents, can be, is that she may have
been a bit too ready to accept the honourable, just-trying-to-do-our-duty image that
those officers naturally prefer to convey, and that she may also be too convinced that the
received wisdom needs to be entirely overturned. Yet when she underlines howstretched the Pakistani forces were, how unready they were for the role of suppression
that was thrust on them, and how perplexed they were in the face of a Bengali hostility
that seemed to them so disproportionate, what she writes rings very true.
Bose's case-by-case arithmetic leads her in the end to estimate that between 50,000
and 100,000 people died in 1971. One lakh, in other words, at most. One cannot say that
she absolutely proves this, but her evidence points in that direction, and, in any case
vastly away from the figure of 3 million still proclaimed in Bangladesh and India. The
wider revision of the conflict's history she implies exonerates the Pakistani government
of any plot to rule the east by force, suggests that the Bengali leader Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman let the genie of nationalism out of the bottle but could not control it, and insists
that the conflict was a civil war within East Pakistan. The killings by Bengalis of non-
Bengali minorities, of Bengalis who stuck with the idea of a united Pakistan, and even of
some Hindu Bengalis all of whose deaths were attributed at the time to the Pakistani
army needs to be reckoned in any fair balance. The notion that the Bangladesh
movement was non-violent, even Gandhian, was always fantastical. Bose has written a
Buy the book
Tell us what you
think: Star-rate and
rev iew th is book
http://www.guardianbookshop.co.uk/BerteShopWeb/viewProduct.do?ISBN=9781849040495http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/data/book/9781849040495http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/history -
7/27/2019 Dead Reckoning by Sarmila Bose - Review _ Books _ the Guardian
3/4
7/29/13 Dead Reckoning by Sarmila Bose - review | Books | The Guardian
www.guardian.co.uk/books/2011/jul/01/dead-reckoning-sarmila-bose-review/print
What's this?
book that should provoke both fresh research and fresh thinking about a fateful turning
point in the history of the subcontinent.
This article was amended on 4 July 2011. The original referred to a "crore" as one
million. This has been corrected.
What did you think?
Write your review ofthis or any other book, find out what other readersthought or add it to your lists
Rate this book
Review this book
Add to your lists
Buy this book
More from the Guardian
20 1 3 Guar dian News an d Media Limited or its affil iated com panies. All r ights reserv ed.
Transfer window news in
brief
28 Jul 2013
Alan Davies: My family
values
26 Jul 2013
Only God Forgives this level
of tedium
29 Jul 2013
Best non-fiction summer
reads : Difficult Men by Brett
Martin
29 Jul 2013
http://www.guardianbookshop.co.uk/BerteShopWeb/viewProduct.do?ISBN=9781849040495http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/data/book/history/9781849040495/dead-reckoning-memories-of-the-bangladesh-war?INTCMP=ILCBKSTXT4888http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/data/book/history/9781849040495/dead-reckoning-memories-of-the-bangladesh-war?INTCMP=ILCBKSTXT4887#post-areahttp://www.guardian.co.uk/books/data/book/history/9781849040495/dead-reckoning-memories-of-the-bangladesh-war?INTCMP=ILCBKSTXT4886http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/data/search/queryhttp://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2011/jul/01/dead-reckoning-sarmila-bose-review/print# -
7/27/2019 Dead Reckoning by Sarmila Bose - Review _ Books _ the Guardian
4/4
7/29/13 Dead Reckoning by Sarmila Bose - review | Books | The Guardian
www.guardian.co.uk/books/2011/jul/01/dead-reckoning-sarmila-bose-review/print